高考英語三輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解考前“保持手感”熱身練：說明文篇

選擇型閱讀理解考前“保持手感”熱身練：說明文篇（2）①Unconfidentchildrencanimprovetheirperformanceinmathtestssimplybysayingnicethingstothemselves,astudysuggests.Atotalof212fourthtosixthgraders,agedbetween9to13yearsold,tookpartintheresearch.Thechildrencompletedamathtestintwoparts.Attheendofthefirsthalf,researchersaskedthefirstgroupofkidstotalktothemselvesabouttheamountofefforttheywouldputintothesecondhalfofthetestbeforecarryingon.Thechildrenquietlytoldthemselves:''Iwilldomyverybest.''Anothergroupwastoldtoconsidertheirability,byrepeatingthephrase:''Iamverygoodatthis.''Thechildrenwereinstructedtowritedowntheirgivenphrase,andrepeatittothemselveswhileworkingontheproblems,particularlywhentheyfoundtheworkchallenging.Therestofthechildrenactedasthecontrolgroup,andweren'trequiredtosayanything.Afewdaysbeforecompletingthetest,allthekidscompletedasurveyonhowtheyviewedtheirownandothers'abilities.Comparedwithkidswhodidn'tdowhatisknownasself-talking,thosewithlowself-confidencewhospokeabouttheeffortthey'dmakedidbetterinthesecondhalfofthetest.Thedataledtheresearcherstoconcludechildrenwhostrugglewithnegativethoughtsabouttheircompetencecouldimprovetheirachievementsinschoolbytellingthemselvestheywillputeffortintoatask.However,theteamsaidtheydidnotfindthesameresultamongchildrenwithlowself-confidencewhospoketothemselvesaboutability,forself-talkabouteffortisthekey.Meanwhile,theypointedoutthefindingsmaynotrelatetochildrenofotherages,andmoreresearchisneededtoexplorethis.1．Howwastheresearchconducted?A．Bytellingstudentstotalkabouttheireffort. B．Bycomparingthreegroupsofstudents.C．Byinstructingstudentstorepeatphrases. D．Bytellingstudentsnottosayanything.2．Whatconclusiondidtheresearchersdraw?A．Studentsmaybenefitfromtalkingabouteffort.B．Studentsshouldtalkabouteffortinthetests.C．Studentscanbenefitfromtalkingaboutability.D．Self-talkinghelpsallstudentsdobetterintests.3．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthattheresearchteamis_________.A．careless B．cautiousC．stubborn D．competitive4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Health.C．Education. D．Sports.②Foodmadefromatmosphericcarboncouldfeedtheworldwhilehelpingtofightclimatechange,accordingtoSolarFoods,aFinnishcompanyfoundedin2017.“WecancollectCO2anywhere,”saiditsCEOPasiVainika,whosecompanyhasdevelopedaproteinpowdermadeusingCO2.“That’sastrategicshiftwhererawmaterialsareintheair.”Theproteinpowder,calledSolein,canbeturnedintomeatanddairysubstitutesoraddedtofoodsandshakes.SolarFoodsusesspecialunitstopullCO2fromtheatmosphere.Toturnitintoprotein,microbes(微物),similartothoseintheproductionofwineandyogurt,willbefedonittogrowandreproduce.Duringtheprocess,waterissplitintohydrogenandoxygen.Alongwithagrowthmediumcontainingnecessaryminerals,thethreegasesarepumpedintofeedthemicrobes.Harvestedanddried,thatremainingmixturebecomesSolein—ayellowpowdermadeupofsingle-cellprotein,withanutrientcompositionsimilartowheatflour.SolarFoodsclaimsthatSoleinremovesmostoftheemissionsassociatedwithmodernagriculture,whichisresponsibleforalmostone-thirdofallgreenhousegasemissions.“OnekilogramofSoleinsendsout0.2kilogramofCO2e(二氧化碳當(dāng)量).Incomparison.beefherdsproducearound100kilogramsandchicken10kilograms,”saidVainikka.“Wecanrermovetheclimateimpactofmodemfoodsystemsontheplanet,whichtodayaccountforabout30percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions.”Hefurtherstressedthatwhilethecompany’sfactoriesalsorequiresomelandusedforindustrialfarming,onlyaboutone-tenthofthelandisneededcomparedtophotosynthesis(光合作用）.“Wecouldfreeupagriculturallandtogrowbackforests,”headded,“andthoseremovecarbonpermanentlyfromtheatmosphere.”ProbablyoptimistsarenowcontentingthemselveswiththepleasantsceneofmassesoftreesabsorbingCO2:ontheplanet.However,whilethatmaysoundgreat,Vainikkaputitright,“ItcanhappenonlyifweproduceenoughSoleinfromCO,toreplacemeatanddairyatalargescale.”Andthatstillremainsalongwaytogo.1．WhatcanwesayaboutSolein?A．Itisintheair. B．Itcanbechangedintomeat.C．ItcantakeinCO2. D．Itisgoodfortheenvironment.2．WhatareneededtoproduceSoleinaccordingtoParagraph2?A．Wineandwater. B．Waterandminerals.C．Mierobesandyogurt. D．Wineandmicrobes.3．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellusaboutSolein?A．Itspresentsituation. B．Itspossiblebenefits.C．Itsproductionprocess. D．Itspotentialdrawbacks.4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AirProteinProduced,CO,ReducedB．CollectingAir,RemovingCO2C．ClimateChanging,DangerComingD．ProtectEarth,SaveOurselves

選擇型閱讀理解考前“保持手感”熱身練：說明文篇（2）①【題目】Unconfidentchildrencanimprovetheirperformanceinmathtestssimplybysayingnicethingstothemselves,astudysuggests.Atotalof212fourthtosixthgraders,agedbetween9to13yearsold,tookpartintheresearch.Thechildrencompletedamathtestintwoparts.Attheendofthefirsthalf,researchersaskedthefirstgroupofkidstotalktothemselvesabouttheamountofefforttheywouldputintothesecondhalfofthetestbeforecarryingon.Thechildrenquietlytoldthemselves:''Iwilldomyverybest.''Anothergroupwastoldtoconsidertheirability,byrepeatingthephrase:''Iamverygoodatthis.''Thechildrenwereinstructedtowritedowntheirgivenphrase,andrepeatittothemselveswhileworkingontheproblems,particularlywhentheyfoundtheworkchallenging.Therestofthechildrenactedasthecontrolgroup,andweren'trequiredtosayanything.Afewdaysbeforecompletingthetest,allthekidscompletedasurveyonhowtheyviewedtheirownandothers'abilities.Comparedwithkidswhodidn'tdowhatisknownasself-talking,thosewithlowself-confidencewhospokeabouttheeffortthey'dmakedidbetterinthesecondhalfofthetest.Thedataledtheresearcherstoconcludechildrenwhostrugglewithnegativethoughtsabouttheircompetencecouldimprovetheirachievementsinschoolbytellingthemselvestheywillputeffortintoatask.However,theteamsaidtheydidnotfindthesameresultamongchildrenwithlowself-confidencewhospoketothemselvesaboutability,forself-talkabouteffortisthekey.Meanwhile,theypointedoutthefindingsmaynotrelatetochildrenofotherages,andmoreresearchisneededtoexplorethis.1．Howwastheresearchconducted?A．Bytellingstudentstotalkabouttheireffort. B．Bycomparingthreegroupsofstudents.C．Byinstructingstudentstorepeatphrases. D．Bytellingstudentsnottosayanything.2．Whatconclusiondidtheresearchersdraw?A．Studentsmaybenefitfromtalkingabouteffort.B．Studentsshouldtalkabouteffortinthetests.C．Studentscanbenefitfromtalkingaboutability.D．Self-talkinghelpsallstudentsdobetterintests.3．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthattheresearchteamis_________.A．careless B．cautiousC．stubborn D．competitive4．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Health.C．Education. D．Sports.【答案&解析】【答案】1．B2．A3．B4．C1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Attheendofthefirsthalf,researchersaskedthefirstgroupofkidstotalktothemselvesabouttheamountofefforttheywouldputintothesecondhalfofthetestbeforecarryingon…Anothergroupwastoldtoconsidertheirability,byrepeatingthephrase:''Iamverygoodatthis.''…Therestofthechildrenactedasthecontrolgroup,andweren'trequiredtosayanything.(在前半部分測試結(jié)束時(shí)，研究人員要求第一組孩子對自己說他們會在后半部分的測試所做出的努力……另一組被告知通過重復(fù)“我非常擅長這個”來考慮他們的能力……剩下的孩子作為對照組，不需要說任何話)和第三段的Comparedwithkidswhodidn'tdowhatisknownasself-talking,thosewithlowself-confidencewhospokeabouttheeffortthey'dmakedidbetterinthesecondhalfofthetest.(與那些沒有自言自語的孩子相比，那些缺乏自信的孩子在考試的后半部分表現(xiàn)的更好)可知，研究是通過把孩子們分成三組，按照不同的要求進(jìn)行活動，最后對結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比來進(jìn)行的。B.Bycomparingthreegroupsofstudents.(通過對比三組學(xué)生)符合以上說法，故選B項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Thedataledtheresearcherstoconcludechildrenwhostrugglewithnegativethoughtsabouttheircompetencecouldimprovetheirachievementsinschoolbytellingthemselvestheywillputeffortintoatask.(研究人員通過數(shù)據(jù)得出結(jié)論：那些對自己能力有消極想法的孩子，可以通過告訴自己他們會努力完成任務(wù)來提高學(xué)習(xí)成績)可知，不自信的孩子可以受益于告訴他們自己會努力。A.Studentsmaybenefitfromtalkingabouteffort.(學(xué)生可以從談?wù)撆χ蝎@益)符合以上說法，故選A項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段However,theteamsaidtheydidnotfindthesameresultamongchildrenwithlowself-confidencewhospoketothemselvesaboutability,forself-talkabouteffortisthekey.Meanwhile,theypointedoutthefindingsmaynotrelatetochildrenofotherages,andmoreresearchisneededtoexplorethis.可知，該研究團(tuán)隊(duì)說，他們在對自己能力進(jìn)行自我評價(jià)的那些缺乏自信的孩子中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)同樣的結(jié)果，因?yàn)樽匝宰哉Z說努力是關(guān)鍵。同時(shí)，他們指出這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能與其他年齡段的孩子無關(guān)，并且還需要更多的研究來探索這個。由此推測，該研究團(tuán)隊(duì)對其研究結(jié)果非常謹(jǐn)慎。B.cautious(謹(jǐn)慎的)符合以上說法，故選B項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第三段的Thedataledtheresearcherstoconcludechildrenwhostrugglewithnegativethoughtsabouttheircompetencecouldimprovetheirachievementsinschoolbytellingthemselvestheywillputeffortintoatask.(研究人員通過數(shù)據(jù)得出結(jié)論：那些對自己能力有消極想法的孩子，可以通過告訴自己他們會努力完成任務(wù)來提高學(xué)習(xí)成績)可知，該研究結(jié)果會對不太自信的孩子的學(xué)習(xí)成績有幫助。由此推測，這篇文章很有可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的教育版面。C.Education.(教育)符合以上說法，故選C項(xiàng)?！局攸c(diǎn)詞匯&詞組】1.unconfident-adj.不自信的2.improve-v.改善，提高3.performance-n.表現(xiàn)，成績4.math-n.數(shù)學(xué)5.suggest-v.暗示，建議6.total-n.總數(shù)7.fourth-num.第四個8.sixth-num.第六個9.graders-n.年級學(xué)生10.age-n.年齡11.research-n.研究12.complete-v.完成13.test-n.測試14.part-n.部分15.researcher-n.研究人員16.group-n.組17.kid-n.孩子18.talk-v.談話19.themselves-pron.他們自己20.amount-n.數(shù)量21.effort-n.努力22.carryon-繼續(xù)進(jìn)行23.quietly-adv.安靜地24.very-adv.很，非常25.doone'sbest-盡力26.consider-v.考慮27.ability-n.能力28.phrase-n.短語29.writedown-寫下來30.particularly-adv.特別地31.challenging-adj.具有挑戰(zhàn)性的32.rest-n.剩余33.controlgroup-對照組34.require-v.要求35.survey-n.調(diào)查36.view-v.視為37.competence-n.能力38.achievement-n.成就39.school-n.學(xué)校40.struggle-v.掙扎41.negative-adj.消極的42.thoughts-n.思想43.telloneself-對自己說44.result-n.結(jié)果

②【題目】Foodmadefromatmosphericcarboncouldfeedtheworldwhilehelpingtofightclimatechange,accordingtoSolarFoods,aFinnishcompanyfoundedin2017.“WecancollectCO2anywhere,”saiditsCEOPasiVainika,whosecompanyhasdevelopedaproteinpowdermadeusingCO2.“That’sastrategicshiftwhererawmaterialsareintheair.”Theproteinpowder,calledSolein,canbeturnedintomeatanddairysubstitutesoraddedtofoodsandshakes.SolarFoodsusesspecialunitstopullCO2fromtheatmosphere.Toturnitintoprotein,microbes(微物),similartothoseintheproductionofwineandyogurt,willbefedonittogrowandreproduce.Duringtheprocess,waterissplitintohydrogenandoxygen.Alongwithagrowthmediumcontainingnecessaryminerals,thethreegasesarepumpedintofeedthemicrobes.Harvestedanddried,thatremainingmixturebecomesSolein—ayellowpowdermadeupofsingle-cellprotein,withanutrientcompositionsimilartowheatflour.SolarFoodsclaimsthatSoleinremovesmostoftheemissionsassociatedwithmodernagriculture,whichisresponsibleforalmostone-thirdofallgreenhousegasemissions.“OnekilogramofSoleinsendsout0.2kilogramofCO2e(二氧化碳當(dāng)量).Incomparison.beefherdsproducearound100kilogramsandchicken10kilograms,”saidVainikka.“Wecanrermovetheclimateimpactofmodemfoodsystemsontheplanet,whichtodayaccountforabout30percentofglobalgreenhousegasemissions.”Hefurtherstressedthatwhilethecompany’sfactoriesalsorequiresomelandusedforindustrialfarming,onlyaboutone-tenthofthelandisneededcomparedtophotosynthesis(光合作用）.“Wecouldfreeupagriculturallandtogrowbackforests,”headded,“andthoseremovecarbonpermanentlyfromtheatmosphere.”ProbablyoptimistsarenowcontentingthemselveswiththepleasantsceneofmassesoftreesabsorbingCO2:ontheplanet.However,whilethatmaysoundgreat,Vainikkaputitright,“ItcanhappenonlyifweproduceenoughSoleinfromCO,toreplacemeatanddairyatalargescale.”Andthatstillremainsalongwaytogo.1．WhatcanwesayaboutSolein?A．Itisintheair. B．Itcanbechangedintomeat.C．ItcantakeinCO2. D．Itisgoodfortheenvironment.2．WhatareneededtoproduceSoleinaccordingtoParagraph2?A．Wineandwater. B．Waterandminerals.C．Mierobesandyogurt. D．Wineandmicrobes.3．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellusaboutSolein?A．Itspresentsituation. B．Itspossiblebenefits.C．Itsproductionprocess. D．Itspotentialdrawbacks.4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AirProteinProduced,CO,ReducedB．CollectingAir,RemovingCO2C．ClimateChanging,DangerComingD．ProtectEarth,SaveOurselves【答案&解析】【答案】1．D2．B3．B4．A1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Foodmadefromatmosphericcarboncouldfeedtheworldwhilehelpingtofightclimatechange,accordingtoSolarFoods,aFinnishcompanyfoundedin2017.”（根據(jù)2017年成立的芬蘭太陽能食品公司的說法，用大氣中的碳制成的食物可以養(yǎng)活世界，同時(shí)幫助對抗氣候變化。）以及“Theproteinpowder,calledSolein,canbeturnedintomeatanddairysubstitutesoraddedtofoodsandshakes.”（這種蛋白質(zhì)粉，叫做比目魚蛋白，可以用來制作肉類和奶制品，也可以添加到食品和奶昔中。）可知，該公司開發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，一是應(yīng)對氣候變化，二是生產(chǎn)肉、奶等的替代品，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)保護(hù)環(huán)境的目的。所以該公司開發(fā)的產(chǎn)品“對環(huán)境有利”。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Toturnitintoprotein,microbes(微物),similartothoseintheproductionofwineandyogurt,willbefedonittogrowandreproduce.Duringtheprocess,waterissplitintoh