2022-2023學(xué)年山東省青島市重點(diǎn)大學(xué)附屬學(xué)校高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷-普通用卷

第=page11頁(yè)，共=sectionpages11頁(yè)2022-2023學(xué)年山東省青島市重點(diǎn)大學(xué)附屬學(xué)校高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AHovishasbeenmakingkrumkakesinceshelearnedasayounggirlalongsidehergrandma.EveryChristmas，Hovis'familywoulddrivefromDeKalbtoRochelle，wheresheandhermomwouldjoinhergrandmainthekitchen.Therestofthefamilywouldhangoutinthelivingroomwheretheycouldsmellthesweettreatsastheywaitedtobiteintothecrispycookies.

Grandmadiedwhenshewas13，butthekrumkaketraditiondidn'tendthen.ThisChristmas，Hovisisheadedtoheraunt'shousewheresheplanstomakekrumkakewithhertwonephews（侄子）."I'llbeabletosharethatwiththemandtellthemthestoryoftheirgreat-grandmother，"Hovissaid."Hopefullytheywillhaveaninterestincontinuingthat…sotherecipeandthetraditioncancarryon."

Krumkake

Ingredients

●3/4cupsugar●1cupflour

●3eggs●1teaspoonvanilla

●1cupheavywhippingcream●alittleofsalt

Instructions

●Stirsugarandeggswell.

●Addhalfthecreamtothesugarandeggmixtureandmixwell.

●Mixintheflourandstiruntilverysmooth，thenaddtherestoftheingredients.Keepthemixturethinenoughsothatitspreadseasilywhenpoured.

●Pouronaveryhotironandpressuntilbrowned.Bakeeachsideofthecookieforabout30seconds.

●Removeandimmediatelyrollontoastickuntilcool.Aknifeoraforkcomesinhandytohelpyougetthecookieofftheiron.Enjoy!1.WhatisHovis'familytraditionatChristmas？______A.Diningout. B.Travellingaround.

C.Hangingout. D.Enjoyingcookies.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheingredients？______A.Fiveingredientsareneeded.

B.Moreflourthansugarshouldbeadded.

C.Vanillaandcreamareofthesameamount.

D.Theyshouldbeexactlymeasured.3.Whatmayleadtoasuccessfulkrumkake？______A.Addthecreambeforestirringsugarandeggs.

B.Keepthemixturethinenoughtospread.

C.Bakethecookieforabout30seconds.

D.Useaknifetocutitintopieces.BFive-year-oldWillardWigancouldn'ttellthedifferencebetweenanMandaWora6anda9becauseofdyslexia，alearningdisability.Usually，hisminddrifted—toplayingoutside，tohisdog，ortotheants.Willardwasespeciallycuriousaboutthoseants.Hefeltlikethem，smallandinsignificant.Henoticedtheantswerecomingandgoingfromaholeinthedirt.Gatheringpiecesofwood，Willardconstructedalittlebuildingforants.

Atschool，Willardstillhadproblems，butheknewhecoulddosomethingspecial.Willardcreatedtinyfurniturefortheanthouses.Hisartisticskillincreased，andaloveforlittlethingsbegantogrow.Atagenine，Willardbegancarving（雕刻）facesontoothpicks.Whenheshowedhismotherthecarvedfaces，shesaid，"Thisiswhatyoudowell.Youmustworkhardtobethebest."Yearslater，Willardcarvesthetiniestartworkintheworld!Hissculpturesaresosmallthatseveralcanfitonafullstopattheendofasentence.

Willardworksbestatnightwhentherearefewdisturbances.Heoftenworksformonthstocompleteasculpture.Willard'sfavoritepaintbrushisonehairfromthebackofadeadfly!Tomovehissculptures，Willardusesaneyelash.Buteventhatcanbetough.Once，whilemovingamicroscopicAliceinWonderland，hiscellphonerang.Terrified，Willardtookinaquickbreath.Whenhelookedback，Alicewasgone.Afterworkingforweekstocarveher，he'daccidentallybreathedherin!

Willardsculptseverythingfromfamouspeopletofictionalcharacters.Becauseoftheirbeautyandrarity，hissculptureshavemadeWillardawealthyman.Buthesays，"Successisn'taboutmaterialthingslikeanexpensivewatchoracostlyring；it'saboutperseveringandachievingyourdreams."WillardWiganwhofeltsmallasaboyhasshownsomethingsmallcanreallybebig.4.WhatcanweknowaboutWillardfromparagraph1？______A.Hewasinterestedinmath. B.Hehadaphysicalproblem.

C.Hewascrazyaboutbuilding. D.Hethoughthimselfunimportant.5.WhatisWillardespeciallygoodat？______A.Playingwordpuzzles. B.Observinganimals.

C.Creatingtinyartworks. D.Makingfurniture.6.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3？______A.Willardisnervouswhenworkingatnight.

B.Willardusestraditionaltoolsincarving.

C.AliceinWonderlandisahugesuccess.

D.Carvingtakesalotoftimeandeffort.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.TheBigLittleArtwork. B.HouseBuildingforAnts.

C.TheTrueMeaningofSuccess. D.ABoywithaDisability.CWhomshouldyoumarry？Whereshouldyoulive？Howshouldyouspendyourtime？Forcenturies，peoplehavereliedontheirsixthsensetofigureoutanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.However，nowasamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviourhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible，wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdecideonthebestchoice.

Considerthisquestion：whatmakespeoplehappy？Datahaverevealedtheactivitiesthatprovidefarmoreenjoymentthanmostofuswouldhaveguessed，suchasexercising，goingtoamuseumandgardening.Thentherearethethingsthatgiveuslesspleasurethanyoumightassume，suchasplayingvideogames，watchingTVandsurfingtheinternet.Watchingsportsgamesinvolvingyourfavouriteteamcanbereallydangeroustoyourmood，itturnsout.

Anotherwaytobehappieristomarrywell.Here，too，dataisofferingusnewinsights.Onestudyby86researcherscollectedinformationonmorethan11，000romanticcouples.Theyusedmachinelearningmodelstounderstandwhatpredictsromanticsatisfaction.Theyfoundmanyhighlydesiredfeatures，suchasapartner'sattractivenessandheight，havejustaboutnorelationwithlong-termhappiness.Instead，psychological（心理上的）qualities，suchashavingaso-called"growthmindset"，werelikelytoplayabiggerpartindevelopingromanticsatisfaction.

Thesearetheearlydaysofthedatarevolution（革命）inpersonaldecision-making.Iamnotclaimingthatwecancompletelyoutsourceourlifestylechoicestoalgorithms（算法），thoughwemightgettothatpointinthefuture.Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyreferringtoevidencefromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddifficultiessimilartoours.Andwecandothatnow.8.Whydoestheauthorputforwardseveralquestionsatparagraph1？______A.Tothrowdoubtonpeople'ssixthsense.

B.Tointroduceanewwaytomakechoices.

C.Toguidereaderstothinkovertheirpreviouslife.

D.Tocomparesomeconfusionsofcommonpeople.9.Whatactivitieswillbringpeoplemorefunaccordingtothedata？______A.Exercisingandwatchingsportsgames.

B.Playingvideogamesandgardening.

C.SurfingtheinternetandwatchingTV.

D.Goingtothemuseumanddoingsports.10.Whatcanwelearnfromtheinformationon11，000romanticcouples？______A.Apartner'sappearanceisthekeytoromanticsatisfaction.

B.Tallermaleshavemorechancestohaveahappierlife.

C.Featurestokeepromanticsatisfactionarestillunknown.

D.Psychologicalqualitiesmattermoreinlong-termhappiness.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetobigdatainpersonaldecisionmaking？______A.Opposed. B.Supportive. C.Unconcerned. D.Doubtful.DWhenputtothetest，beeshaveprovedoverandoveragainthatthey'vegotalotmoretoofferthanmakinghoneyandnowsomescientistssaythere'sproofthattheyalsoliketoplay.AstudyrecentlypublishedinAnimalBehaviorsuggeststhatbumblebees，whengiventhechance，liketofoolaroundwithtoys.

ResearchersfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonconductedanexperimentinwhichtheysetupacontainerthatallowedbeestotravelfromtheirnesttoafeedingarea.Butalongtheway，thebeescouldchoosetopassthroughaseparatesectionwithseveralsmallwoodenballs.Over18days，thescientistswatchedasthebees"wentoutoftheirwaytorollwoodenballsrepeatedly，thoughthereseemstobenoapparentcausetodrivethemtodoso."

Thefindingsuggeststhatlikehumans，insectsalsointeractwithinanimate（無生命的）objectsasaformofplay.Alsosimilartopeople，youngerbeesseemedtobemoreplayfulthanadultbees."Previousresearchhasshownthattherearelotsofanimalswhoplayjustforthepurposeofenjoyment，butmostexamplescomefromyoungmammalsandbirds.Thisstudyprovidesastrongindicationthatinsectmindsarefarmoreadvancedthanwemightimagine，"LarsChittka，wholedthestudy，said.

Thestudy'sfirstauthor，SamadiGalpayage，whoisaPhDstudentatQueenMaryUniversity，addedthatitistheevidencethatinsectsmaybeabletoexperiencefeelings."Theycanactuallyexperiencesomekindofpositiveemotionalstates，evenifbasic，likeotherlargerfluffy（覆有絨毛的）animalsdo.Thissortoffindinghasledtoourunderstandingofinsectsandwill，hopefully，encourageustorespectandprotectlifeonearthevermore，"shesaidinthestatement.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout？______A.Theconclusionoftheresearch.

B.Theassumption（假設(shè)）aboutthebees.

C.Thedescriptionoftheexperiment.

D.Thereasonsforconductingtheexperiment.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"apparent"inparagraph2mean？______A.Clear. B.Preventable. C.Horrible. D.Different.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy？______A.Birdsliketofoolaroundwithtoys.

B.Toysaremoreenjoyabletoadultbees.

C.Humansseldominteractwithlifelessobjectsforfun.

D.Insectmindsarebetterdevelopedthanwethought.15.WhichstatementwillSamadiGalpayageagreeto？______A.Insectsexperiencethesameemotionsashumansdo.

B.Fluffyanimalsfailtoshowpositiveemotionalstates.

C.Moreworkisneededtoprotectendangeredlifeonearth.

D.Thefindingimprovesourunderstandingoflivingthings.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Festivalsandconcertsdrawhugecrowds，andarepopularwithpeople.Butonceacrowdreachessixorsevenpeoplepersquaremeter，somemaybecrushed（擠壓）againsteachothersotightlythattheycannotmove.（1）______Thiscangetdangerousveryquickly，sohowcanyouincreaseyourchancesofsurvivalinit？

Firstofall，trynottopanicandsaveyourenergy.Panicwillnothelpyoufreeyourselffromadevelopingdisaster.（2）______Ifthereisacrowdcrush，you'llneedallthephysicalenergyyoucangather.Andyellingandscreamingwilltireyouout.

It'sbesttogowiththeflowwhenthecrowdismovinginonedirection.Ifyoudon't，thecrowdbehindyoucouldcrushyou.Ifthegroupcrowdstogethertightly，youwillrunoutofairwiththeheavyweightoverchestandtheairwaytoyourlungswillbeblocked.（3）______

Ifyoufalldowninalargecrowd，trytogetupasquicklyaspossible.（4）______Withyourbackcurved（彎曲）forwardsandyourarmsandlegsfoldedinfrontofyourbody，youcanprotectyourheadandnotbeknockedwhenlyingontheground.

Crowdcrusheshappenatvarioustypesofgatheringsaroundtheworld.（5）______Withsomepreparationandthesuggestionsabove，youcanavoidbeingoneofthepeoplewhodon'tmakeitout.

A.Staycalmandfocused.

B.Movetoasaferlocation.

C.Ifyoucan't，getintherightposition.

D.Buttheyarewhollypredictableandavoidable.

E.Expertsrefertosuchanaccidentasacrowdcrush.

F.Placeyourhandsonyourchestandmaintainfirmfooting.

G.Simplyput，yourbreathingwillbepreventedbecauseofalltheoutsidepressure.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）Aboyaged11wholethishairgrowtoalmostafootandahalflong，finallygota（1）______aftermorethanthreeyears.

Thekid，Kilian，isnotsportinganewhairstyletoimprovehisappearance，buttohelpchildrenintheir（2）______withcancer."Hedidn'texpectanything（3）______.Hewasabouttodosomething（4）______，"hismothersaid.

Despitethemisunderstandingsfromothersandthe（5）______hairbraiding（編織）thatalmostmadehimgiveup，Kilianwas（6）______tohelpstrangers.After（7）______itcostalottomakeawig（假發(fā)），hedecidedtodomorethan（8）______thehair.Hestartedtocollectmoneyandendedupraising﹩2，125.

Beforeleavingthesalon（發(fā)廊），KilianreceivedacallfromJeffrey，thefounderofWigsforKids，whoheardabouthis（9）______."Iknowalittlegirl，who（10）______toberightinourneighborhood，couldwearthathair.Kilian，you（11）______haveaheartofgold!"Jeffrey（12）______tosetupameetingbetweenKilianandthegirlwhowouldreceivethewigfromhis（13）______hair.Andhealso（14）______thetouchingstoryonFacebook，hopingKilian's（15）______inthelastthreeyearswillinspireotherstoact.21.

A.chance B.surprise C.haircut D.prize22.

A.encounter B.struggle C.argument D.test23.

A.inreturn B.inaddition C.intime D.inturn24.

A.reasonable B.fashionable C.worthwhile D.traditional25.

A.impossible B.informal C.unusual D.uncomfortable26.

A.careful B.ashamed C.determined D.talented27.

A.exploring B.understanding C.assuming D.discovering28.

A.acquire B.provide C.order D.sell29.

A.generosity B.inspiration C.patience D.honesty30.

A.agrees B.happens C.intends D.tends31.

A.obviously B.typically C.gradually D.regularly32.

A.preferred B.refused C.promised D.forgot33.

A.designed B.decorated C.donated D.colored34.

A.exchanged B.published C.proved D.posted35.

A.habit B.journey C.creativity D.energy四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Leonora，a51-year-oldfromthePhilippines，（1）______（make）women'sdressesoutofwastematerialsinrecentyearssinceshebelieves（2）______（wear）suchclothescanbecheapandlookgood.

Tomakeherdresses，sheuses（3）______foot-operatedsewing（縫紉）machinetojointogetherthewastematerials，includingrecyclednewspapers，plasticwrappersandricebags，（4）______whichLeonoramakesherdesigns.Thebubble（泡沫）wrappersfromdeliverypackagesarenice-lookingandsuitableforagooddesign，（5）______（particular）formakingweddingdresses.Theyarealsousedforeverythingfromweddingdecorationtobirthday（6）______（party）.

InAsia，thereisplentyofwastematerialforLeonoratoapply.Mostoftheworld'soceanwaste（7）______（carry）byAsianrivers.Andhercountry，thePhilippines，isresponsibleforonebirdofAsia'soceanplasticpollution.

"Thedressesarereally（8）______（impress）.It'simportanttorecyclesuchmaterialssowecanhelpourearth，"saidLalaine（9）______buysclothesfromLeonora.

Mostofherdressesareusedinthebeauty（10）______（compete）andarepopularwithyounggirls."Igetdelightedwhenevertheywin.Thedesignsaresimple，buttheystillwin，"shesaid.五、完成句子（本大題共10小題，共10.0分）37.______，Ibreatheddeeply.

心里七上八下，我深吸了一口氣。38.Lisa______ourschoollastJuneandisabouttogotocollegeinNewYork.

麗莎六月份從我們學(xué)校畢業(yè)了，就要去紐約上大學(xué)。39.IknewIhaddoneagoodjoband______gettingapositivecomment.

我知道自己寫得很好，也一直盼望著得到積極的評(píng)價(jià)。40.Howwouldyoufeelifmovingtoanewtownmeant______yourfriends？

如果搬到一個(gè)新的城鎮(zhèn)意味著與朋友失去聯(lián)系，你會(huì)作何感想？41.Despiteaweightofupto300kilograms，theycanrun______around64kilometersperhour.

盡管體重高達(dá)300公斤，它們卻能以每小時(shí)約64公里的速度奔跑。42.Butperhapswhatismostsignificantisthewayinwhichpeoplehaveworked______naturetomaketheseterracesandgrowrice.

但也許最令人驚嘆的還是人與自然和諧相處建造梯田并種植水稻的方式。43.Theseterracesalsoprovideaperfectenvironmentforbirdsandfish，some______feedoninsectsthatcanharmthericecrops.

這些梯田也為鳥類和魚類提供了絕佳的棲息地，其中的一些以危害水稻的昆蟲為食。44.ButtherearestillsomedishesthatDad______evenaftermanyyearsofmarriagetomymother.

盡管已經(jīng)和媽媽結(jié)婚多年，但仍然有一些菜肴是爸爸不敢嘗試的。45.I______totakeabiteandwasamazedtofinditwasn'tsobad.

我鼓起我所有的勇氣去咬了一口，驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)它也不是那么糟糕。46.Canyouguesswhichfridge______whichperson？

你能猜到哪個(gè)冰箱屬于哪個(gè)人嗎？六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共30.0分）47.你校將舉辦英語(yǔ)演講比賽，請(qǐng)你以"Youarewhatyoueat"為題寫一篇演講稿參賽，內(nèi)容

包括：

（1）你對(duì)諺語(yǔ)的理解；

（2）健康飲食的建議。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)80左右；

（2）請(qǐng)?jiān)谙鄳?yīng)位置作答。

Youarewhatyoueat48.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫一段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

MumcameupstairstoseeLaurainherbedroom.Ortriedto.Therewassomuchmessonthefloorthatshecouldonlystopatthedoor.Laurasatinthemiddleofall，reading.

"Whatamess，"Mumsaid."Thingsgetbrokenorlostwhenthey'replacedlikethis.Comeon，haveatidynow."

ButI'mverybusy，"Lauraargued，Can'tyouhelpme？"

"No，"Mumreplied.

"ButcanIgetmorepocketmoneyifIdoagoodjob？"Laura'srequestspouredin.

Mumnodded，sayingshewouldcomebacktocheckit.

WhenMumreturned，shefrozewithhereyeswideopen.Onthefloorwasnomess!Instead，allthebooks，cards，clothes，shoesandevenahalf-eatensandwichwerejustjammed（塞）intoahugebag!

Mumfrowned（皺眉）anddecidedtoteachheralesson.ShetoldLauratogetthepocketmoneyoutofherwalletlater，whichseemedtobeonthesofainthelivingroom.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。

Afterfinishingreading，Laurarusheddownstairsbutfoundherselfinanunusuallymessylivingroom!

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、B、B【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中The

rest

of

the

family

would

hang

out

in

the

living

room

where

they

could

smell

the

sweettreats

as

they

waited

to

bite

into

the

crispy

cookies.（家里的其他成員會(huì)待在客廳里，一邊聞著糖果的香味，一邊等著吃酥脆的餅干。）可知，圣誕節(jié)Hovis家的傳統(tǒng)是享受餅干。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ingredients部分中的3/4

cup

sugar?1

cup

flour（3/4杯糖?1杯面粉）可知，加的面粉要比加的糖多。故選B。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Instructions部分中的Keep

the

mixture

thin

enough

so

that

it

spreads

easily

when

poured.（保持混合物足夠稀，這樣倒的時(shí)候才容易散開。）可知，保持混合物薄到足以散開會(huì)帶來一個(gè)成功的krumkake，故選B。

本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述的是Hovis家的傳統(tǒng)食譜--Krumkake以及制作方法。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

4~7.【答案】D、C、D、A【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Hefeltlikethem，smallandinsignificant.（他覺得自己和它們一樣，小而微不足道。）可知，Willard以為自己無足輕重。故選D。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Willardcreatedtinyfurniturefortheanthouses.Hisartisticskillincreased，andaloveforlittlethingsbegantogrow.Atagenine，Willardbegancarving（雕刻）facesontoothpicks.（威拉德為螞蟻屋制作了小家具。他的藝術(shù)技巧提高了，對(duì)小東西的熱愛也開始增長(zhǎng)。九歲時(shí)，威拉德開始在牙簽上雕刻人臉。）可知，Willard特別擅長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造微小的藝術(shù)品。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的Willardworksbestatnightwhentherearefewdisturbances.Heoftenworksformonthstocompleteasculpture.Willard'sfavoritepaintbrushisonehairfromthebackofadeadfly!Tomovehissculptures，Willardusesaneyelash.Buteventhatcanbetough.（威拉德在夜晚工作得最好，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)很少有干擾。他經(jīng)常要花好幾個(gè)月才能完成一件雕塑。威拉德最喜歡的畫筆是死蒼蠅背部的一根毛發(fā)！為了移動(dòng)他的雕塑，威拉德用睫毛。但即使這樣也很困難。）可知，從第三段我們可以推斷出雕刻要花很多時(shí)間和精力。故選D。

（4）標(biāo)題概括題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)最后一段中Willardsculptseverythingfromfamouspeopletofictionalcharacters.Becauseoftheirbeautyandrarity，hissculptureshavemadeWillardawealthyman.（Willard雕刻的東西從名人到虛構(gòu)人物應(yīng)有盡有。由于它們的美麗和稀有，他的雕塑使Willard成為一個(gè)富有的人。）和WillardWiganwhofeltsmallasaboyhasshownsomethingsmallcanreallybebig.（WillardWigan從小就覺得自己渺小，但他證明了小的東西也可以變大。）可知，本文主要講述了WillardWigan從小就覺得自己渺小，但在媽媽的鼓勵(lì)下，他愛上了創(chuàng)造微小的事物，并努力成為了一名微雕藝術(shù)家，用自身經(jīng)歷證明了小的東西也可以變大。所以A項(xiàng)"大大的小藝術(shù)品"符合文章主旨，適合做文章標(biāo)題，故選A。

本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Willard

Wigan自幼患有閱讀障礙癥，他愛上了創(chuàng)造微小的事物，并在媽媽的鼓勵(lì)下，他努力成為了一名微雕藝術(shù)家。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8~11.【答案】B、D、D、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Forcenturies，peoplehavereliedontheirsixthsensetofigureoutanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.However，nowasamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviourhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible，wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdecideonthebestchoice.（幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，人們一直依靠自己的第六感來尋找這些改變生活的問題的答案。然而，隨著關(guān)于人類行為各個(gè)方面的大量信息變得越來越容易獲取，我們可以利用這些大數(shù)據(jù)來幫助我們做出最佳選擇。）可知，作者在第1段提出了幾個(gè)問題是為了引入一種新的選擇方式。故選B。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Datahaverevealedtheactivitiesthatprovidefarmoreenjoymentthanmostofuswouldhaveguessed，suchasexercising，goingtoamuseumandgardening.（數(shù)據(jù)顯示，鍛煉、參觀博物館和園藝等活動(dòng)帶來的樂趣遠(yuǎn)比我們大多數(shù)人想象的要多。）可知，根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)，去博物館和做運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)給人們帶來更多的樂趣，故選D。

（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Theyfoundmanyhighlydesiredfeatures，suchasapartner'sattractivenessandheight，havejustaboutnorelationwithlong-termhappiness.Instead，psychological（心理上的）qualities，suchashavingaso-called"growthmindset"，werelikelytoplayabiggerpartindevelopingromanticsatisfaction.（他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，伴侶的魅力和身高等許多令人非常渴望的特征與長(zhǎng)期的幸福感幾乎沒有關(guān)系。相反，心理素質(zhì)，比如擁有所謂的"成長(zhǎng)型心態(tài)"，可能在培養(yǎng)浪漫滿意度方面發(fā)揮更大的作用。）可知，從1.1萬對(duì)情侶的信息中我們能了解到心理素質(zhì)在長(zhǎng)期幸福中更重要。故選D。

（4）觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyreferringtoevidencefromthousandsormillionsofpeoplewhofaceddifficultiessimilartoours.（相反，我想說的是，通過參考成千上萬和我們面臨類似困難的人的證據(jù)，我們都可以極大地改善我們的決策。）可知，作者對(duì)個(gè)人決策中的大數(shù)據(jù)持支持態(tài)度，故選B。

本文主要講述了隨著大數(shù)據(jù)的普及，我們可以利用數(shù)據(jù)來幫助我們做出更好的決策。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

12~15.【答案】C、A、D、D【解析】（1）段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段Researchers

from

Queen

Mary

University

of

London

conducted

an

experiment

in

which

they

set

up

a

container

that

allowed

bees

to

travel

from

their

nest

to

a

feeding

area.But

along

the

way，the

bees

could

choose

to

pass

through

a

separate

section

with

several

small

wooden

balls.Over

18

days，the

scientists

watched

as

the

bees

"went

out

of

their

way

to

roll

wooden

balls

repeatedly，though

there

seems

to

be

no

apparent

cause

to

drive

them

to

do

so."（倫敦瑪麗女王大學(xué)的研究人員進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)，他們?cè)O(shè)置了一個(gè)容器，讓蜜蜂從巢中移動(dòng)到喂食區(qū)。但在途中，蜜蜂可以選擇通過一個(gè)有幾個(gè)小木球的單獨(dú)區(qū)域。在18天的時(shí)間里，科學(xué)家們觀察到蜜蜂"不斷地滾動(dòng)木球，盡管似乎沒有明顯的原因驅(qū)使它們這樣做。"）可知，第二段主要是對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的描述。故選C。

（2）詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段Over

18

days，the

scientists

watched

as

the

bees

"went

out

of

their

way

to

roll

wooden

balls

repeatedly，though

there

seems

to

be

no

apparent

cause

to

drive

them

to

do

so."（在18天的時(shí)間里，科學(xué)家們觀察到蜜蜂"不停地滾動(dòng)木球，盡管似乎沒有___的原因促使它們這樣做。"）可知，此處表示"盡管似乎沒有明顯的原因驅(qū)使它們這樣做"，即劃線詞apparent的意思是"明顯的"。A.Clear明顯的；B.Preventable可阻止的；C.Horrible恐怖的；D.Different不同的。故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Thisstudyprovidesastrongindicationthatinsectmindsarefarmoreadvancedthanwemightimagine（這項(xiàng)研究有力地表明，昆蟲的思維比我們想象的要先進(jìn)得多。）可知，我們能從這項(xiàng)研究中了解到昆蟲的大腦比我們想象的要發(fā)達(dá)，故選D。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Thissortoffindinghasledtoourunderstandingofinsectsandwill，hopefully，encourageustorespectandprotectlifeonearthevermore.（這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使我們對(duì)昆蟲有了更多的了解，并有望鼓勵(lì)我們更加尊重和保護(hù)地球上的生命。）可知，SamadiGalpayage會(huì)同意的是這一發(fā)現(xiàn)增進(jìn)了我們對(duì)生物的理解，故選D。

本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是有證據(jù)表明蜜蜂喜歡玩耍。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

16~20.【答案】E、A、G、C、D【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前Butonceacrowdreachessixorsevenpeoplepersquaremeter，somemaybecrushed（擠壓）againsteachothersotightlythattheycannotmove.（但一旦人群達(dá)到每平方米六到七個(gè)人，有些人可能會(huì)擠在一起，擠得動(dòng)彈不得）可知空格處應(yīng)對(duì)這種情況進(jìn)行更多的說明，E選項(xiàng)"Expertsrefertosuchanaccidentasacrowdcrush.（專家們把這種事故稱為擁擠事故。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)空前Firstofall，trynottopanicandsaveyourenergy.Panicwillnothelpyoufreeyourselffromadevelopingdisaster.（首先，盡量不要驚慌，節(jié)省精力?？只挪粫?huì)幫助你從一場(chǎng)正在發(fā)展的災(zāi)難中解脫出來），可知空格處應(yīng)說正確的做法，肯定是和恐慌相反的，A選項(xiàng)"Staycalmandfocused.（保持冷靜和專注。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前Ifthegroupcrowdstogethertightly，youwillrunoutofairwiththeheavyweightoverchestandtheairwaytoyourlungswillbeblocked.（如果一群人擠得很緊，你就會(huì)因?yàn)樾夭康闹亓慷谋M空氣，通往肺部的氣道就會(huì)堵塞），這種說法比較專業(yè)，空格處應(yīng)該對(duì)這句話進(jìn)行詮釋，G選項(xiàng)"Simplyput，yourbreathingwillbepreventedbecauseofalltheoutsidepressure.（簡(jiǎn)單地說，你的呼吸會(huì)因?yàn)橥饨绲膲毫Χ茏?。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前Ifyoufalldowninalargecrowd，trytogetupasquicklyaspossible.（如果你在人群中摔倒了，試著盡快爬起來）以及空后Withyourbackcurved（彎曲）forwardsandyourarmsandlegsfoldedinfrontofyourbody，youcanprotectyourheadandnotbeknockedwhenlyingontheground.（背部向前彎曲，雙臂和雙腿交疊在身體前面，可以保護(hù)頭部，躺在地上時(shí)不會(huì)被撞到）可知空格處要說如果爬不起來那就要保持正確的姿勢(shì)，C選項(xiàng)"Ifyoucan't，getintherightposition.（如果你做不到，那就找對(duì)姿勢(shì)。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前Crowdcrusheshappenatvarioustypesofgatheringsaroundtheworld.（在世界各地，各種各樣的聚會(huì)都會(huì)發(fā)生擠人事件），以及空后Withsomepreparationandthesuggestionsabove，youcanavoidbeingoneofthepeoplewhodon'tmakeitout.（做好準(zhǔn)備，并遵循上面的建議，你就可以避免成為沒逃脫的人之一。）可知空格處應(yīng)引起轉(zhuǎn)折，說明雖然有很多這樣的事故發(fā)生，但是這是可以避免的，D選項(xiàng)"Buttheyarewhollypredictableandavoidable.（但它們是完全可以預(yù)測(cè)和避免的。）符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是在擁擠事故中如何增加生存幾率。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個(gè)選詞，一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí)，要注意上下文語(yǔ)境，充分考慮信息詞（選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語(yǔ)境的句子。

21~35.【答案】C、B、A、C、D、C、D、B、A、B、A、C、C、D、B【解析】（1）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.surprise驚訝；C.haircut理發(fā)；D.prize獎(jiǎng)品。句意：一個(gè)11歲的男孩讓他的頭發(fā)長(zhǎng)到近一英尺半長(zhǎng)，三年多后終于剪了頭發(fā)。根據(jù)最后一段的"thegirlwhowouldreceivethewig"可知，三年多后剪了頭發(fā)給別人當(dāng)假發(fā)。故選C。

（2）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.encounter偶遇；B.struggle斗爭(zhēng)；C.argument爭(zhēng)論；D.test嘗試。句意：這個(gè)名叫Kilian的孩子換新發(fā)型并不是為了改善自己的形象，而是為了幫助那些身患癌癥的孩子們。根據(jù)下文"withcancer"可知，此處表示和癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的孩子們。故選B。

（3）考查固定短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.inreturn作為回報(bào)；B.inaddition另外；C.intime及時(shí)；D.inturn輪流，依次。句意：他不期待任何回報(bào)。根據(jù)上文"expectanything"可知，此處表示"他不期待任何回報(bào)"。故選A。

（4）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.reasonable合理的；B.fashionable時(shí)髦的；C.worthwhile值得的；D.traditional傳統(tǒng)的。句意：他要做一件有意義的事。根據(jù)下文"hedecidedtodomorethan（8）thehair.Hestartedtocollectmoneyandendedupraising＄2，125"可知，句子表示"他要做一件有意義的事"。故選C。

（5）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.impossible不可能的；B.informal不正式的；C.unusual不尋常的；D.uncomfortable不舒服的。句意：盡管有來自他人的誤解和不舒服的辮子差點(diǎn)讓他放棄，Kilian還是決心幫助陌生人。根據(jù)下文"hairbraiding（編織）thatalmostmadehimgiveup"可知，男孩編個(gè)辮子會(huì)不舒服。故選D。

（6）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.careful仔細(xì)的；B.ashamed慚愧的；C.determined下定決心的；D.talented有才能的。句意：盡管有來自他人的誤解和不舒服的辮子差點(diǎn)讓他放棄，Kilian還是決心幫助陌生人。根據(jù)下文"hedecidedtodomorethan（8）thehair.Hestartedtocollectmoneyandendedupraising＄2，125"可知，Kilian決心幫助陌生人。故選C。

（7）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.exploring探索；B.understanding理解；C.assuming設(shè)想；D.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)。句意：在發(fā)現(xiàn)制作假發(fā)的成本很高之后，他決定做更多的事情，而不僅僅是提供頭發(fā)。根據(jù)下文"itcostalottomakeawig"可知，這是他發(fā)現(xiàn)的客觀事實(shí)。故選D。

（8）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.acquire獲得；B.provide提供；C.order命令；D.sell賣。句意：在發(fā)現(xiàn)制作假發(fā)的成本很高之后，他決定做更多的事情，而不僅僅是提供頭發(fā)。根據(jù)下文"Iknowalittlegirl，who（10）toberightinourneighborhood，couldwearthathair"可知，他為別人提供頭發(fā)。故選B。

（9）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.generosity慷慨；B.inspiration靈感；C.patience耐心；D.honesty誠(chéng)實(shí)。句意：在離開美發(fā)沙龍之前，Kilian接到了"WigsforKids"的創(chuàng)始人Jeffrey的電話，他聽說了他的慷慨。根據(jù)上文"hedecidedtodomorethan（8）thehair.Hestartedtocollectmoneyandendedupraising＄2，125"可知，這是慷慨的舉動(dòng)。故選A。

（10）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.agrees同意；B.happens碰巧；C.intends打算；D.tends傾向于。句意：我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)小女孩，她碰巧住在我們附近，她可以留著那種頭發(fā)。根據(jù)下文"toberightinourneighborhood"可知，句子表示"我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)小女孩，她正好住在我們附近"，happentodo意為"碰巧做某事"。故選B。

（11）考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.obviously顯然；B.typically通常；C.gradually逐漸；D.regularly有規(guī)律地。句意：Kilian，你顯然有一顆金子般的心！根據(jù)下文"haveaheartofgold"和他留長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)來提供給別人做假發(fā)可知，Kilian顯然有一顆金子般的心。故選A。

（12）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.preferred偏愛；B.refused拒絕；C.promised答應(yīng)；D.forgot忘記。句意：Jeffrey答應(yīng)在Kilian和女孩之間安排一次會(huì)面，女孩將從他捐贈(zèng)的頭發(fā)中獲得假發(fā)。根據(jù)下文"tosetupameetingbetweenKilianandthegirlwhowouldreceivethewig"可知是"答應(yīng)"。故選C。

（13）考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.designed被設(shè)計(jì)的；B.decorated裝飾的；C.donated被捐贈(zèng)的；D.colored有顏色的。句意：Jeffrey答應(yīng)在Kilian和女孩之間安排一次會(huì)面，女孩將從他捐贈(zèng)的頭發(fā)中獲得假發(fā)。根據(jù)上文"hedecidedtodomorethan（8）thehair"可知，女孩將從他捐贈(zèng)的頭發(fā)中獲得假發(fā)。故選C。

（14）考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.exchanged交換；B.published出版；C.proved證明；D.posted發(fā)帖子。句意：他還在Facebook上發(fā)布了這個(gè)感人的故事，希望Kilian過去三年的經(jīng)歷能激勵(lì)其他人采取行動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文"onFacebook"可知，他還在Facebook上發(fā)布了這個(gè)感人的故事。故選D。

（15）考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.journey歷程；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.energy能量。句意：他還在Facebook上發(fā)布了這個(gè)感人的故事，希望Kilian過去三年的經(jīng)歷能激勵(lì)其他人采取行動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文"Aboyaged11wholethishairgrowtoalmostafootandahalf