新概念英語第四冊Lesson-46-Hobbies

新概念英語第四冊Lesson46HobbiesLesson46

Hobbies

業(yè)余愛好

Firstlistenandthenanswerthefollowingquestion.

聽錄音，然后答復以下問題。

Who,accordingtotheauthor,are”Fortune”sfavouredchildren”?

AgiftedAmericanpsychologisthassaid,”Worryisaspasmoftheemotion;themindcatchesholdofsomethingandwillnotletitgo.”Itisuselesstoarguewiththemindinthiscondition.Thestrongerthewill,themorefutilethetask.Onecanonlygentlyinsinuatesomethingelseintoitsconvulsivegrasp.Andifthissomethingelseisrightlychosen,ifitisreallyattendedbytheilluminationofanotherfieldofinterest,gradually,andoftenquiteswiftly,theoldunduegriprelaxesandtheprocessofrecuperationandrepairbegins.

Thecultivationofahobbyandnewformsofinterestisthereforeapolicyofthefirstimportancetoapublicman.Butthisisnotabusinessthatcanbeundertakeninadayorswiftlyimprovisedbyamerecommandofthewill.Thegrowthofalternativementalinterestsisalongprocess.Theseedsmustbecarefullychosen;theymustfallongoodground;theymustbesedulouslytended,ifthevivifyingfruitsaretobeathandwhenneeded.

Tobereallyhappyandreallysafe,oneoughttohaveatleasttwoorthreehobbies,andtheymustallbereal.Itisnousestartinglateinlifetosay:”Iwilltakeaninterestinthisorthat.”Suchanattemptonlyaggravatesthestrainofmentaleffort.Amanmayacquiregreatknowledgeoftopicsunconnectedwithhisdailywork,andyetgethardlyanybenefitorrelief.Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.Broadlyspeaking,humanbeingsmaybedividedintothreeclasses:thosewhoaretoiledtodeath,thosewhoareworriedtodeath,andthosewhoareboredtodeath.Itisnouseofferingthemanuallabourer,tiredoutwithahardweek”ssweatandeffort,thechanceofplayingagameoffootballorbaseballonSaturdayafternoon.Itisnouseinvitingthepoliticianortheprofessionalorbusinessman,whohasbeenworkingorworryingaboutseriousthingsforsixdays,toworkorworryabouttriflingthingsattheweekend.

Asfortheunfortunatepeoplewhocancommandeverythingtheywant,whocangratifyeverycapriceandlaytheirhandsonalmosteveryobjectofdesire--forthemanewpleasure,anewexcitementisonlyanadditionalsatiation.Invaintheyrushfranticallyroundfromplacetoplace,tryingtoescapefromavengingboredombymereclatterandmotion.Forthemdisciplineinoneformoranotheristhemosthopefulpath.

Itmayalsobesaidthatrational,industrious,usefulhumanbeingsaredividedintotwoclasses:first,thosewhoseworkisworkandwhosepleasureispleasure;andsecondlythosewhoseworkandpleasureareone.Ofthesetheformerarethemajority.Theyhavetheircompensations.Thelonghoursintheofficeorthefactorybringwiththemastheirreward,notonlythemeansofsustenance,butakeenappetiteforpleasureeveninitssimplestandmostmodestforms.ButFortune”sfavouredchildrenbelongtothesecondclass.Theirlifeisanaturalharmony.Forthemtheworkinghoursareneverlongenough.Eachdayisaholiday,andordinaryholidays,whentheycome,aregrudgedasenforcedinterruptionsinanabsorbingvocation.Yettobothclasses,theneedofanalternativeoutlook,ofachangeofatmosphere,ofadiversionofeffort,isessential.Indeed,itmaywellbethatthosewhoseworkistheirpleasurearethosewhomostneedthemeansofbanishingitatintervalsfromtheirminds.

WINSTONCHURCHLLPaintingasaPastime

Newwordsandexpressions生詞與短語

gifted

adj.有天才的

psychologist

n.心理學家

spasm

n.一陣（感情）發(fā)作

futile

adj.無用的

insinuate

v.便潛入，示意

convulsive

adj.起痙攣的

illumination

n.啟發(fā)，照明

undue

adj.不造當?shù)?/p>

grip

n.緊急

recuperation

n.休息

improvise

v.臨時作成

sedulously

adv.孜孜不倦地

vivify

v.使生氣勃勃

aggravate

v.加劇

trifling

adj.微小的

gratify

v.便滿足

caprice

n.任性

satiation

n.滿意

frantically

adv.狂亂地

avenge

v.替…報復

boredom

n.厭煩

clatter

n.吵鬧的談話

sustenance

n.生計

appetite

n.欲望

grudge

v.怨恨

absorbing

adj.引人入勝的

banish

v.排解，放棄

本文參考譯文

一位天才的美國心理學家曾經(jīng)說過：“苦惱是感情的發(fā)作，此時腦子糾纏住了某種東西又不愿松手?！痹谶@種狀況下，你又和頭腦爭吵讓它松手是無濟于事的。這種意志越是劇烈，這種嘗試越是徒勞。你只能緩和而巧紗地讓另一種東西進入痙攣僵持的頭腦中。假如選得適宜，而且確實受到別的領(lǐng)域的情趣的啟迪，那么慢慢地，往往也是很順當?shù)?，原先不適當?shù)木o急就會松弛下來，恢復和修整的過程就會開頭。

因此，對一個從事社會活動的人來說，培育一種業(yè)余愛好和各種新的興趣是關(guān)等重要的作法。但這并非一日之功，也不是單憑一蹴而就的事。精神上多種情趣的培育是一個長期的過程。要想在需要的時候可順手摘取布滿生氣的果實，那就必定從選良種做起，然后將其植入肥沃的土地，還需要勤勉地護理。

一個人要想真正感到幸福和平安，至少應有兩三種愛好，而且都比擬實際。到了晚年才開頭說：“我會對這些人或那個人發(fā)生興趣”，已沒有用了。這種愿望只能加劇精神緊急。一個人可能會獲得與其日常工作無關(guān)的某些課題的淵博學問，而沒有從中得到什么實益或?qū)捨?。干你所喜愛的事是沒有用的，你喜愛你所干的事。泛泛地說，人可以分為3類：勞累至死的人、憂慮至死的人、無聊至死的人。對于流汗出力干了一周苦活的體力勞動者來說，讓他們在星期六下午再踢足球或打壘球是不適宜的；同樣，對于為嚴厲的公務操勞或苦惱了6天的政界人士、專業(yè)人員、商人來說，在周未再讓他們?yōu)楝嵤露鴦幽X子和憂慮也是無益的。

至于那些能任意支配一切的“可憐的人”，他們能夠恣意妄為，能染指一切追求的目標。對這種人來說，多一種新的樂趣、多一種新的刺激只是增加一分厭膩而已。他們處處奔亂跑，企圖以閑聊和亂竄來擺脫無聊對他們的報復，但這是徒勞的。對他們來說，用某種形式的紀律約束他們一下才能有盼望使他們走上正道。

也可以這樣說，理智的，勤勞的、有用的人可以分為兩類：第一類是他分清工作是工作，消遣是消遣的人；其次類人