2021屆當(dāng)陽市河溶高級中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題及答案解析

2021屆當(dāng)陽市河溶高級中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末試題及答案解析第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AManyworkershavehadnochoicebuttoadapttoworkingfromhomeinrecentmonthssinceofficesshutdownduetotheCOVID-19pandemic（新冠疫情）.Andthenoisysituationandendlesshouseworkmayresultinaterribleemotion.Anewoptioniswaitingforyou.ThatisWFH:workfromahotel.HotelFigueroAspecialprogramtitledWorkPerksaimstorepositionsomeof94-year-oldHotelFiguero’s268roomsasday-useoffices.AccordingtoManagingDirectorConnieWang,theset-uplaunchedinJuneandisagreatopportunitytogetoutoftheirhouseswithhigh-speedWi-Fi,unlimitedprintingprivilegesandfreeparking.The350-square-footroomssellfor$129perday,withanoptiontoextendtoanovernightstayforanadditional$20.TheWytheAboutiquehotelinBrooklyn.Thehotelrecentlyannouncedapartnershipwithco-workingofficespacecompanyIndustriousthroughwhichitisrecycling13second-storyguestroomstoserveasofficesforuptofourpeople.Eachoftheroomshasasmalloutdoorplatform,anddogsarewelcome.Pricingstartsat$200andgoesupto$275,dependingonhowmanypeopleusethespace.TheSawyerTheSawyer,inSacramento,California,isofferingpoolcabanas（更衣室）foruseasoutdooroffices,completewithfastWi-Fi,freeparkingandcateredlunchfor$150perday.HotelsByDayYannisMoatifoundedHotelsByDaybackin2015.Thatcompanyhasgrowntoincludemorethan1,500hotels,andhasseenasignificantincreaseinthenumberofinquiriesforday-usebookingslately.Moatisaidthecurrentsituationwillforcehotelstoupgradethemselvestostayalive,andhepredictedthatofferingroomsforday-useonlyisoneofthedirectionstheywillgo.Howmuchshouldonepayfora24-hourstayinHotelFiguero?A.$129. B.$149. C.$150. D.$200.Whichhotelallowspetsin?A.TheWythe. B.TheSawyer.C.HotelsByDay. D.HotelFiguero.WhatdoweknowaboutYannisMoati?HestartedaprogramtitledWorkPerks.Hehasupgradedatleast1,500rooms.Heusuallypredictseverythingcorrectly.HeisoptimisticabouttheWFHtrend.BThefirstpatientwhodiedonmywatchwasanoldermanwithafaultyheart.Wetriedtoslowitdownwithtreatment,butitsuddenlystoppedbeatingcompletely.Later,wheneverIwouldhaveacaselikethatone,Ifoundmyselfsecond-guessingmyclinicalmanagement.However,itturnsoutthatthinkingtwicemayactuallycausemoreharmthangood.Inaworkingpaper,EmoryUniversityresearchersfoundthatwhendoctorsdeliveringababyhaveabadresult,theyaremorelikelytoswitchtoadifferentdeliverymethodwiththenextpatient,oftenunnecessarilyandsometimeswithworseresults.Becausedoctorsmakesomanydecisionsthathaveseriousconsequences,thefalloutfromsecond-guessingappearsespeciallylargeforus.A2006studyfoundthatifapatienthadableedafterbeingprescribed(開藥)warfarin,thephysicianwasabout20%lesslikelytoprescribelaterpatientsthebloodthinnerthatpreventsstrokes(中風(fēng)).However,ifapatientwasnotonwarfarinandhadastrokephysicianswerestillnomorelikelytoprescribewarfarintotheirotherpatients.Thesefindingshighlightinterestingbehavioralpatternsindoctors.Intheblood-thinnerstudy,doctorsweremoreaffectedbytheactofdoingharm(prescribingabloodthinnerthatendeduphurtingdoctorsweremoreaffectedbytheactofdoingharm(prescribingabloodthinnerthatendeduphurtingapatient)andlessaffectedbylettingharmhappen(notprescribingabloodthinnerandthepatienthavingastroke).Yetastrokeisoftenmorepermanentanddamagingthanableed.Butthisphenomenonisnotuniquetomedicine.''OverreactiontoFearsomeRisks''holdstrueforbroadersociety.Forinstance,sensationalheadlinesaboutsharkattacksonhumansinFloridain2001causedapanicandledthestatetoprohibitshark-feedingexpeditions.Yetsharkattackshadactuallyfallenthatyearand,accordingtothestudy,suchachangewasprobablyunnecessarygiventheextremelysmallriskofsuchanattackhappening.Humansarelikelytobeinfluencedbyemotionalandoftenirrational（不理性的）thinkingwhenprocessinginformation,badeventsandmistakes.Asmuchaswedon'twanttocauseanunfortunateeventtohappenagain,weneedtobeawarethataworstsituationthatcanbeimagineddoesn'tnecessarilymeanwedidanythingwrong.Whenweoverthink,wefailtorelyonthinkingbasedonwhatweknoworhaveexperienced.Instead,wemayinvoluntarilyoveranalyzeandcometothewrongconclusion.Ihavetreateddozensofpatientswhopresentedwiththesameillnessesasmyfirstpatient,whodiedmorethanayearago.Insteadofsecond-guessingmyself,Itrustedmyclinicalinstinct（本能）andstayedthecourse.Everyoneofthosepatientssurvived.Youshouldtrustyourinstinctinyourlife,too.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat .badmedicaloutcomesaffectdoctorsBdeliveringbabiescanbedifficultworksomedoctorsarenotveryexperienceddoctorssometimesmakesillymistakesIntheblood-thinnerstudy,doctors .tendtoprescribelesseffectivemedicinearemoreconcernedaboutthepatients'safetybecomelessconfidentinwritingaprescriptionbelieveastrokeismoretreatablethanableedingWhatdoestheunderlinedword''fallout''inParagraph3probablymean?A.Result B.Benefit C.Difference D.AbsenceTheauthorwillprobablyagreethat .weshouldnotdoubtourowndecisionsourexperiencewillpavewayforourfuturehumansareemotionalandirrationalonthewholeinstinctsdon'tnecessarilyleadtowrongdirectionsCContrarytothelong-heldbeliefthatplantsinthenaturalworldarealwaysincompetition,newresearchhasfoundthatinsevereenvironmentsadultplantshelpsmalleronesandgrowwellasaresult.Theresearch,ledbyDrRocio,studiedadultandseedling（幼苗）plantsintheecologicaldesertinthesouth-eastofSpain.DrRociosaid,“Ifyou'reaseedlinginapoorland—thetopofamountainorasandhill,forexample-andyou’reluckyenoughtoendupunderneathabigplant,yourchancesofsurvivalarecertainlybetterthanifyoulandedsomewhereonyourown.Whatwehavefound,whichwassurprising,isanestablishedlargeplant,calleda‘nurse’,protectsaseedling;italsoproducesmoreflowersthanthesameplantsofsimilarlargesizegrowingontheirown.”O(jiān)therbenefitsofnurse-seedlingpartnershipsincludethatmorevarietyofplantsgrowingtogethercanhaveapositiveeffectontheenvironment.Forexample,vegetationareaswithnurseplantswithmoreflowersmightbeabletoattracthighernumbersofpollinators（傳粉者）inanarea,inturnsupportinginsectandsoillifeandevenprovideagreaterrangeofdifferentfruittypesforbirdsandotheranimals.“Thebiggestwinnerforthissystemofnursingaplantisbiodiversity（生物多樣性）,”DrRociosaid.“Themorebiodiverseanarea,thegreaternumberofspeciesofplants,insectlife,mammalsandbirds,andthebetterthechancesoflong-termhealthyfunctioningoftheenvironmentandecosystems.”Thissystemiswin-winforadultandseedlingplantsinunfavorableenvironments.Theresearchisofvaluetothosewhomanageandprotectplantsintoughenvironments.Mosthomegardenersandfarmersplantoensuretheirsoilandconditionsarethebesttheycanbeforplantgrowth,butthefindingsmightbeofvaluetothosewhogardeninbareplaces.Whatisacommonunderstandingofplants?A.Theycanhelpeachother. B.Theycansurviveillconditions.C.Theycompetewitheachother. D.Theygrowwellontheirown.Whatwillhappentoseedlingplantsiftheygrowunderadultplants?A.Theywillproducemoreflowers. B.Theywilldieowingtocompetition.C.Theywillmakeadultplantslarger. D.Theywillgetsupportfromadultplants.Whatistheeffectofthenurse-seedlingpartnership?Itleadstounfavorableenvironments.Itproduceslong-termhealthychances.Itattractshigherandlargerpollinators.DItprovidesamorevarietyofplanttypes.Whowillbenefitfromthenewresearch?Peoplestudyingorganicfarming.Peopleprotectingplantsonsandhills.Peoplewantingtochangebiodiversity.Peoplekeepingmoreanimalsonthefarm.DCokewasintroducedbytheCocaColacompanyin1886,makingitarathertrueandtestedfavoriteofgenerationsofpeopleinover200countries.Thislistshouldgiveyousomeideasonhowtogetmorefromyourcokethanusual..CocaColaisanexcellentrustbuster（除銹劑）.Ifyouhaveabunchofsmallrustyobjects,putthemincokeovernightandgivethemagoodscrubinthemorning.Cokehelpstobreakdowntherust,makingcleaningmucheasier.Besuretothrowouttheusedcokewhenyouaredonewithitoryoumightbetakingatriptothedoctor..Likethepreviousitem,thecitricacid（檸檬酸）incokemakesforanexcellentwindowcleaner.Thisisespeciallyusefulforcarwindows.Pouracanofcokeoverthewindowandrubthewindow,thenwipeitoffwithawetclothtoremoveanysugarymatterfromthesugarinthedrink.Ascokeisfullofsugar,youshouldcleanthestickymatteroffthewindowglasses,oritwillbenotacleanerbutadirt..Forthoseofyouwholiveinareaswhereskunk（臭鼬）smellscanbeanissuefromtimetotime,onecanofcokeaddedtowaterwithdetergent（清潔劑）reallyhelpstobreakthesmelldown.Ifyouhavebeensprayed,standintheshowerandcoveryourselffromheadtotoewithcoke—waitforafewminutes,thenwashyourselfwithashower.Cokeisanexcellenthairtreatmentsoyougettwotipsforthepriceofonewiththisitem!.Potscansometimesgetblackonthebottom.Theblackisalmostimpossibletoremove;thisiscausedbyover-cooking.Toremovetheblackandrenewyourpot,pourinacanofcoke（orasmuchasyouneedtocovertheblackenedareabyaninch）andputitonthestoveonalowheat.Afteranhourorso,washthepotasnormal.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scrub”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Start. B.Cleaning.C.Shake. D.Example.Whatisimportantwhileusingcoketocleancarwindows?Useadrycloth.Rubthewindowlightly.Don’tpourtoomuchcoke.Cleanthesugarymatterthoroughly.Forwhichpurposedoescokehavetobemixedwithothermaterial?A.Togetridoftheblackonthepot.Tobreakdowntherust,Toremovesmells.Tocleanwindows.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anadvertisement. B.Areview.C.Anewsreport. D.Apracticalguide.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Readingisnotjustanimportantprofessionalskill.Itisalsoawaytoenjoyinformative,creative,andinspiringworksofliteraturethatenrichourlifeexperiences. 16 Inordertobuildyourreadinghabitandenjoyyourreadingtothefullest,beginpracticinggoodreadingskillsasfollows.Readforcontent.Whenyouread,readforthemainideaofeachparagraph,alongwithitssupportingreasons.Whenbuildingupreadingskills,itcanbehelpfultoreadwithapencilinhandtotakenotes. 17 Lookupunfamiliarwords.MerriamWebsteronlineisawonderfulresourcefordefining（定義）unfamiliarwords. 18 Whenyoureachagoodstoppingpoint,returntoeachwordandlookitup,re-readingthesentencewhereitappears.Thishelpsunderstandthewordanditsusageincasetherearevariousmeanings.Letyourimaginationgetinvolved（參與）. 19 Learntoenjoyyourreadingwithoutaskingtoomanyquestions.Justenjoyandlookforwardtogettingtheinformation,ideasandthoughtsexpressedbythewriter. 20 Readingforlearningandenjoymentisneverahurry.Instead,takeyourtime,developyourskillsatyourownspeed.Donotgetdiscouragedifyouareaslowreader,especiallyatfirst.Eachday,asyouread,yourmindwilltakethereadingskillsitlearnedbeforeandapplythemagain,oftenwithgreatereffects.A.Don’trush.B.Simplyunderlinetheunknownwords.C.Getadictionaryintheselectedlanguage.D.Bookclubsgiveyouabilitytotalkaboutwhatyouread.E.Agoodreadinghabitrequirestimeandeffortstodevelop.F.Itisalsohelpfultounderlinethekeyideaofeachparagraph.G.Goodreadersconcentrateonreadingandletitinspiretheirimagination.第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Weeksago,Iwastravelingbytrain.Afterseveralstations,thedeliverymanfromthecafeteriacamealongto___21___thepre-bookedhotmealsanddrinks.Justbehindhimrushedina9-year-oldgirl,whoputoutherhand,22somefood.Thefoodsupplierwas23andpushedheroutofthecoach（旅客車廂）.Somethinginmemademe___24___.Isteppedoutsideandsawthechildstillstandingthereandcrying.Iaskedherifshewashungryandshe___25___.SoIgrabbedherhandandsaidI’dbuyherfood.WhenItookhertothecoachwiththecafeteria,thepeoplestandingtherehada（an）___26___expressionontheirface,seeingthelittlegirlwithme.___27___theirreaction,Iaskedherto___28___whatevershewanted.AsIpointedtoeachitem,she___29___nodding. 30 ,wecollectedsomuchfood.WhenIturnedtothecashiertopaythebill,thelittlegirl 31 hurryingdownthetrain.Thecashiershookhisheadindisbeliefandsaidthegirlmustbelaughingforhavingfooledmeinto 32 herunhappiness.AsIreturnedtomycoach,thecashier’s 33 mademedoubtwhethershe’dreallyfooledme.SoI 34 andwentdownthetrain,followingthe 35 thelittlegirlhadtaken.Afterseveralcoaches,Iwalkedtoaly-desertedcoach.HereIsawa 36 whichleftmesurprised.Thislittlegirlwassittingina 37 withtwoothermiserable-lookingyoungboys.Shehadputallthefoodinthecenterandwas 38 puttingfoodintothehandofayoungblindboy.Seeingallthis,Icouldn’thelp 39 .Thelittlegirltaughtusthatonecanbe 40 evenwhenpoor.21.A.takeawayB.handoutC.throwaway D.findout22.A.beggingforB.pickingupC.pointingto D.lookingat23.A.frightenedB.disappointedC.annoyed D.worried24.A.doubtB.stopC.watchD.react25.A.agreedB.signedC.noddedD.refused26.A.sadB.puzzledC.happyD.excited27.A.AdmiringB.NoticingC.IgnoringD.Analyzing28.A.listB.slideC.thinkD.choose29.A.triedB.keptC.beganD.practiced30.A.FinallyB.NervouslyC.Immediately D.Suddenly31.A.finishedB.forgotC.started D.risked32.A.rememberingB.believingC.realizing D.missing33.A.wordsB.opinionsC.thoughts D.attitudes34.A.turnedbackB.turnedoverC.turnedup D.turnedout35.A.adviceB.foodC.train D.direction36.A.coachB.stationC.face D.sight37.A.groupB.teamC.circle D.crossroads38.A.insteadB.onlyC.also D.again39.A.weepingB.smilingC.shouting D.regretting40.A.friendlyB.generousC.polite D.greedy第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Theall-maleBeijingMasterChoir（合唱團(tuán)）performedpatriotic（愛國的）andfolksongsduringaperformanceattheForbiddenCityConcertHallinBeijing 41. March7.Thiskickedoff 42. seriesofconcertscelebratingthe100thanniversaryofthefoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChina.Thenewlyfoundedchoir, 43. performancegivesclassicsafreshnewsound,willtourBeijing,TianjinandcitiesinHebeiprovincewith10concertsduringthefirsthalfof2021, 44. （cover）avarietyofartforms,suchassymphony（交響樂）,traditionalChinesemusic,danceandpianorecitals（鋼琴獨(dú)奏）.ZhengJian,co-founderandartisticdirectorofthechoirsaidmoreChinesefolksongswouldbeincluded.“Overthepastcentury,theParty 45. （make）agreatcommitmentto 46. （improve）thelivesofthepeople,”saysXuJian,generalmanageroftheForbiddenCit