2023學(xué)年完整公開課版EEC九上第9單元structure

被動(dòng)語態(tài)

Unit9

Lesson3

ThePassiveVoice單位：哈156中學(xué)作者：方文EEC版九年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語被動(dòng)語態(tài)基本用法當(dāng)句子的主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語的形式是主動(dòng)語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時(shí)態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。

小竅門：我們可以這樣看被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成：

be+

及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示時(shí)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)要變化不變化Hisbrotherwashesbowlsevery

day.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Bowlsare

washedbyhis

brother

every

day.改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeilun.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.你知道這些被動(dòng)句的否定句和一般疑問句嗎？1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：S(主語）+am/is/are+過去分詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)Thelittlebaby

waslookedafterbyhimyesterday.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般過去時(shí)：S+was/were+過去分詞Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主謂賓(受動(dòng)者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.3.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時(shí)：S+will+be+過去分詞4．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：S+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

S+am/is/are+being+過去分詞I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

S+was/were+being+過去分詞We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

S+have/has+been+過去分詞各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：一般將來時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+doneArecorderisusedinourEnglishclasseveryday.

use…for

playoftenFootballisplayedallovertheworld.Acameraisusedfortakingphotos.robyesterdaysenduplastyearAman-madesatellitewassentupintospacelastyear.Abankwasrobbedyesterday.mustplantcoverwith

inafewyears’timeThetree

mustbeplantedontheground.Theground

willbecovered

with

treesinafewyears’time.

sendto

rightnowatalkgivesoonTheywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.Atalkwillbegivensoon.digTheearthisbeingdug

now.eatupalreadyThefoodhasbeeneatenupalready.練習(xí)：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.TheymadecomputersintheU.S.A.3.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.4.Peopleusedmetalformakingmachines.5.TheyproducesilkinSuzhouandHangzhou.6.TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.

7.TheywritebusinesslettersinEnglish.

8.TheygrowriceinSouthChina.

9.TheyplantmanytreesinNorthChina.

10.LuXunwrotethisbook.

11.Theworkersbuiltsomebridges.12.Wecanusetheboxasatable.

13.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday

被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的特殊情況1.不及物動(dòng)詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時(shí)，在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，仍然要帶上介詞。e.g.Thestudentslisten

totheteachercarefullyinclass.被動(dòng)句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被動(dòng)句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.

2.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶有復(fù)合賓語(有賓補(bǔ)),并且賓補(bǔ)是省去“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上“to”e.g.Theymakeusdoallthework.被動(dòng)句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.e.g.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被動(dòng)句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.e.g.Isawhimwalktoschool.被動(dòng)句：Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme.這些動(dòng)詞真奇怪，主動(dòng)句中to離開，被動(dòng)句中to回來。（let，have，make，feel，see,watch,hear,notice…)

3.當(dāng)動(dòng)詞帶雙賓語時(shí)(一個(gè)賓語是指人，一個(gè)是指物)，將其中指人的賓語提前作被動(dòng)句的主語時(shí)，另一個(gè)賓語按順序照抄下來；如是將指物的賓語提前作被動(dòng)句的主語，在被動(dòng)句中則指人賓語前應(yīng)加“to”或“for”。常見加to的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell…常見加for的動(dòng)詞有make,draw,buy…e.g.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.

被動(dòng)1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.

被動(dòng)2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.

被動(dòng)1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.

被動(dòng)2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.練習(xí)：將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句。

1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.

2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.

3.Wetookcareofthethings.4.Theygaveussomework.

5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.

6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.

1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISES

areusedarecleaned(變被動(dòng)語態(tài)）5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.

wasmadetohave

canbe

used3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.The

ticket

was

found

was

told9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.

we

were

given

were

giventous7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMust

be

finished10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.

wasasked

isdone12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.

can