教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力題庫整理匯編

教師資格之中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力題庫整理匯編

單選題（共50題）1、Inapre-listeningactivity,studentsneedtolearntocopewithsomeambiguityinlisteningandrealizethattheycanstilllearnevenwhentheydonotunderstandeverysingleword.Theaimofthisactivityistodeveloptheskillof__________.A.listeningforspecificinformationB.listeningforgistC.listeningforstructureD.listeningforvocabulary【答案】B2、Whichofthefollowingmaybettercheckstudents'abilityofusingagrammaticalstruc-ture?A.HavingthemworkouttheruleB.HavingthemgivesomeexamplesC.HavingthemexplainthemeaningD.Havingthemexplainthestructure【答案】B3、Johnfeltgreat__________abouthisupcomingtriptoSidney;indeed,hecouldhardlycontainhisenthusiasm.A.unrestB.uncertaintyC.anxietyD.excitement【答案】D4、WhatcanbedoneaboutmassunemploymentAllthewiseheadsagree:there’renoquickoranyanswers.There’sworktobedone,butworkersaren’treadytodoit.They’reinthewrongplaces,ortheyhavethewrongskills.OurproblemareA.CorporatemismanagementB.InsufficientdemandC.TechnologicaladvancesD.Workers’slowadaptation【答案】B5、Anaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpare__________ofthepphoneme.A.analoguesB.tagmemeC.morphemesD.allophones【答案】D6、Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisasubjectclause?A.WearequitecertainthatwewillgetthereintimeB.Hehastofacethefactthattherewill,benopayrisethisyearC.ShesaidthatshehadseenthemanearlierthatmorningD.It'ssheerluckthattheminersarestillaliveaftertendays【答案】D7、Passage2A.arrogantB.frankC.self-centeredD.impulsive【答案】B8、Passage1A.itsemployeesworkhardB.tobreakthe24/7habitneedstoactcollectivelyC.peopleworkmoreproductivelyiftheirburnoutisreducedD.makingarulehelpsemployeesworkproductively【答案】B9、Iftapwaterwereasdangerousassomepeoplethink，_________wouldbegettingsick．A.alotofmoreusB.morealotofusC.alotofusmoreD.alotmoreofus【答案】D10、Catshavethewidesthearingrangeofnearlyanymammal”notonlycantheyperceivesoundinwhatwedefineasthe“ultrasonic”range,theycanalsoappreciateallthebassDrDrecanthrowatthem.Theycanswiveltheirwhiskersforwardswhilehuntingtoprovideakindofshort-rangeradar.Andtheycanseeexceptionallywellinthedarkthankstoareflectivesurfacebehindtheretinathatbounceslightback,givingitasecondchancetohitaphotoreceptor.Theyseemoredistinctimagespersecondthanwedo.A.CatscanbetrainedtolandsafelyB.CatstendtousetheirclawsasbrakesC.Somecatscanadopta“parachute”positionD.Mostcatsaregoodatplayingtricksinmid-air【答案】C11、請(qǐng)閱讀Passage2，完成第小題。A.DunhuangB.EarlyChineseartC.IndianandChineseart.?D.PersianandMiddleEasternart【答案】A12、Againas__________inthisexperiment,hedidn′tloseheart.A.hefailedB.didhefailC.hedidfailD.hadhefailed【答案】A13、Whichofthefollowingactivitiesismostappealingtostudent’scharacteristics?A.Cross-wordpuzzleB.grammarinstructionC.RecitingtextsD.Role-play【答案】D14、ThenumberofAmericanswhoreadbookshasbeendecliningforthirtyyears,andthosewhodoreadhavebecomeproudof,evenabitover-identifiedwith,theenterprise.AlongsidethetotebagsyoucanfindT-shirts,magnets,andbuttonsprintedorsewnwithcoversofclassicnovels;theWebsiteEtsysellstightsprintedwithpoemsbyEmilyDickinson.AspreadinTheParisReviewfeaturedliterature-inspiredpaint-chipcolors.Themerchandisingofreadinghasacuriouslyundifferentiatedflavor,asifwhatyoureadmatteredlessthanthatyoureaD.Inthisclimateofembattledbibliophilia,anewsubgenreofbooksaboutbookshasemerged,amixofliterarycriticism,autobiography,self-help,andimmersionjournalism:authorsundertakereadingstuntstoprovethatreading--anything--stillmatters."IthoughtofmyadventureasOff-RoadorExtremeReading,"PhyllisRosewritesin"TheShelf:FromLEQtoLES",thelateststuntbook,inwhichshereadsthroughamoreorlessrandomshelfoflibrarybooks.Shecompareshervoyage,toErnestShackleton'sexplorationsintheAntarctic."However,Iliketosleepunderaquiltwithmyheadonagoosedownpillow,"shewrites."SoIwouldreadmywayintotheunknown--intothepathlesswastes,intothinair,withnoreviews,nobest-sellerlists,nocollegecurricula,noNationalBookAwardsorPulitzerPrizes,noads,nopublicity,notevenwordofmouthtoguideme."A.WhatreallymattersisthefactthatyoureadB.AnemphasisshouldbeplacedonwhatyoureadC.ThemerchandisingofreadingcanboostbooksalesD.Readingasaseriousundertakingshouldnotbemerchandise【答案】D15、Whatisthecorrectwaytoreadthedecimal"106.16"inEnglish?A.OnehundredandsixpointonesixB.OnehundredandsixpointsixteenC.OnehundredandsixpointsonesixD.Onehundredandsixpointssixteen【答案】A16、WhichofthefollowingaboutteachingassessmentisinappropriateA.DiagnosticassessmentisakindoftestcardedoutafterateachingactivityB.Formativeassessmentshouldbestudent-orientedC.SummativeassessmentisoftencarriedoutattheendofatermD.Portfolios,dailyreports,anddeliveringspeechesareallformativeassessment【答案】A17、TheNeutralityofAmericanintheEarlyWorldWarIIA.permittedthesellingofarmstobelligerentnationsB.antagonizedJapanC.permittedtheBritishtotradeonlywiththeAlliesD.ledtoLend-LeaseAct【答案】A18、Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertoleranceinmixedsocieties.Allthesefactorstendtoprotnotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.A.SocialchangetendstomeetwithmoredifficultyinbasicandemotionalaspectsofsocietyB.DisagreementwithandargumentaboutconditionstendtoslowdownsocialchangeC.SocialchangeismorelikelytooccurinthematerialaspectofsocietyD.Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinwhatpeoplelearnedwhentheywereyoung【答案】B19、Passage1A.itsemployeesworkhardB.tobreakthe24/7habitneedstoactcollectivelyC.peopleworkmoreproductivelyiftheirburnoutisreducedD.makingarulehelpsemployeesworkproductively【答案】B20、Passage2A.EnvironmentalprotectionB.AnimalrightsC.ReligiousbeliefD.Moralpurity【答案】D21、Problemsolvingactivities,roleplay,informationgap,etc.aretypicalclassroomactivitiesof____.A.theDirectMethodB.theDirectMethodC.theAudiolingualMethodD.CommunicativeLanguageTeaching【答案】D22、請(qǐng)閱讀短文。A.fullofambitionB.self-disciplinedC.fullofenthusiasmD.knowledgeable【答案】C23、Passage1A.ThefrontalcortexB.ThemiddleofthebrainC.TheprefrontalcortexD.Thebackpartofthebrain【答案】B24、Passage1A.RussiaB.IndiaC.ChinaD.America【答案】C25、Whenitcomestoairlinetravel,perhapsnothinghasrevolutionizedthepassengerexperiencemorethanairlineapps.Indeed,they'rebecomingsoubiquitousthatmorethan50percentofU.Stravelershaveatleastoneairlineappinstalledontheirsmartdevice,accordingtotravelindustryresearchfirmPhocuswright.A.AirlineappshavemadeairlinecompetitionsfiercerthaneverB.Airlineappshaveimmenselytransformedtravelers'digitallivesC.AirlineappswillprobablyreplaceairlinestaffinthenearfutureD.Airlineappshaveprovidedmagazinesandnewspaperfortravelers【答案】B26、請(qǐng)閱讀Passagel。完成第小題。A.QuestionedB.ImprovedC.ChallengedD.Weakened【答案】D27、Passage1A.thepowerofinfluencegoeswithsocialinteractionsB.interpersonallinkscanbeenhancedthroughthemediaC.influentialshavemorechannelstoreachthepublicD.mostcelebritiesenjoywidemediaattention【答案】A28、WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttaskdesignisincorrectA.ActivitiesmusthaveclearandattainableobjectivesB.ActivitiesshouldbeconfinedtotheclassroomcontextC.Activitiesmustberelevanttostudents'lifeexperiencesD.Activitiesshouldhelpdevelopstudents'languageability【答案】B29、Itwasnotuntildawn__________thesnowcappedpeakintheremoteareainTibet.A.thattheysightedB.didtheysightC.thattheydidnotsightD.hadtheysighted【答案】A30、Liberia，theoldestindependentNegrostateinWestAfrica，hasbeenstrugglingforsurvivaleversinceitsfoundationin1822．ProgresshasbeenhamperedbyconstanthostilitybetweentheAmericanA.1822B.1910C.1920D.1920s【答案】B31、Themainobjectiveofmechanicalpracticeistohelpstudentslearnbyhearttheofalanguageitem.__________A.meaningB.functionC.contextD.form【答案】D32、Thecoreofsystematictextbookevaluationistoexaminehowwellagiventextbookmatchestheneedsof_________andhoweffectivelyandefficientlyitcanrealizetheobjectivesoftheprogram．A.alanguageprogramB.areaderC.teachersD.schools【答案】A33、_______dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.A.LinguistictheoryB.SociolinguisticsC.AppliedlinguisticsD.Comparativelinguistics【答案】C34、Ofthefollowingsoundcombinations,only_______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.A.kilB.bkilC.ilkBD.ilbk【答案】A35、LastSundayshecametovisitusoutoftheblue.Theitalicizedphrasemeans__________.A.unexpectedlyB.unhappilyC.untidilyD.unofficially【答案】A36、Theworldmarketis__________changing.Wemustanticipatethechangesandmaketimelyadjustments.A.stablyB.constantlyC.scarcelyD.occasionally【答案】B37、Heimmediatelyrepliedwithan__________"YES"totherequestthatheattendthepublichearing.A.effectiveB.eloquentC.emotionalD.emphatic【答案】D38、Whenitcomestoairlinetravel,perhapsnothinghasrevolutionizedthepassengerexperiencemorethanairlineapps.Indeed,they'rebecomingsoubiquitousthatmorethan50percentofU.Stravelershaveatleastoneairlineappinstalledontheirsmartdevice,accordingtotravelindustryresearchfirmPhocuswright.A.UnlimiteDB.EasyC.ImmediateD.Direct【答案】A39、Passage1A.TheconstructionofbridgesandtunnelsbecamemuchmoreexpensiveB.TheoriginalobjectiveofdynamitewastohelptheRussiannavyC.ManypeopleusednitroglycerineasaweaponinwarD.AlfredNobelgaveawayprizestospecialistsinsixcategories【答案】D40、__________consciousofhermoralobligationsasacitizen.A.MarshawasandalwayswillbeB.MarshahastobeandalwayswillbeC.MarshahadbeenandwillalwaysbeD.Marshahasbeenandwillalwaysbe【答案】D41、Passage1A.Competitionhelpstosetupself-respectB.CompetitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopmentC.FailuresarenecessaryexperiencesincompetitionD.Opinionsaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople【答案】D42、Passage2A.hewouldsurvivebestB.hewouldhavealotoftroubleC.theevolutionofmemorywouldstopD.hisabilitytolearnwouldbeenhanced【答案】B43、Ifit__________possible,Iwouldhavehelpedhim,butIwastoobusy.A.isB.wasC.wereD.hadbeen【答案】D44、__________yourvaluablehelp,wecouldn'thavefinishedtheexperimentaheadoftime.A.IfitwerenotforB.HaditnotbeenforC.WereitnotforD.Ifithasnotbeenfor【答案】B45、Thecommittee__________aconclusiononlyafterdaysofdiscussion.A.releasedB.achievedC.reachedD.accomplished【答案】C46、Inwhichofthefollowingsituationsdoestheteacherplaytheroleoforganizer?A.OrganizingstudentstodoactivitiesbygivinginstructionsB.WalkingaroundtoofferhelptothosewhoneeditbothinideasandlanguageC.GivingfeedbackanddealingwitherrorsD.Theteacherjoinsinstudents’activity【答案】A47、Passage2A.voicesforworkingwomenB.appealstopassionateworkaholicsC.triggersdebatesamongmommiesD.praisesmotivatedemployees【答案】A48、_______millionsofpeoplefromruralareascontinuetofloodintolargecities，whitecollarsareretreatingtosmallercities，insearchofarelaxedlifestyle．A.WhileB.WhenC.AsD.If【答案】A49、__________assessmentisusedtomeasurehowtheperformanceofaparticularstudentorgroupofstudentscompareswiththatofanother.A.Criterion-referencedB.Norm-referencedC.FormativeD.Summative【答案】B50、PresidentArlinghasputhislongawaitedeconomicrestructuringprogrambeforetheCongress.ItprovidesacoordinateD.programofinvestmentcredits,researchgrants,educationreforms,andchangesdesignedtomakeAmericanindustrymoreA.investmentB.economyC.technologyD.tax【答案】C大題（共10題）一、下列教學(xué)片段選自某高中課堂實(shí)錄：T:Thankyou.Lookatthepicture.WehavelearnedWangHui'sexperiencesinEngland.Todaylet'stalkabouthowWangHuiwrotethepassage.Openyourbookandlookatthepassage.Howmanyparagraphs?Ss:Five.T:Yes.Let'sfindoutthekeywordsofeachparagraph.Ss:Wayoflife;somethinginteresting...T:Good.Lookatthepicture.What'sthestructureofthepassage?AorB?Ss:(學(xué)生思考討論)A.T:Well,Next.Let'stalkabouthowWangHuiwrotehislifeinEngland.Thefirstparagraph:WangHuitalkedabout...Ss:Wayoflife.T:Lookatthepicture.WhatdidWangHuisay?S1:Whenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime,youmustuseMrorMrs.S2:Whenyougettoknowbetter,youusetheirfirstnames.【答案】(1)教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)主要包括課堂導(dǎo)入(1ead．in)，新課講授(presentation)，鞏固提高(consolidation)，總結(jié)與作業(yè)(summaryandhomework)。該片段屬于課堂導(dǎo)入和新課講授階段。(2)課堂導(dǎo)入的目的在于使學(xué)生的注意力集中到課堂中來，明確教學(xué)任務(wù)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲和學(xué)習(xí)興趣。新課講授的目的在于呈現(xiàn)本堂課的教學(xué)內(nèi)容．包括語言結(jié)構(gòu)和語言功能．讓學(xué)生掌握基本語言知識(shí)．同時(shí)鍛煉學(xué)生的語言能力，即聽說讀寫能力。通過教學(xué)活動(dòng)的設(shè)置，完成教學(xué)任務(wù)，達(dá)到教學(xué)目標(biāo)。(3)有效教學(xué)是教師遵循教學(xué)活動(dòng)的客觀規(guī)律，以最優(yōu)的過程和最大的效率促進(jìn)學(xué)生在知識(shí)、技能、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀方面“三維目標(biāo)”上獲得整合、協(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展，從而有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期的教學(xué)目標(biāo)，滿足社會(huì)和個(gè)人的教育價(jià)值需求而組織實(shí)施的教學(xué)活動(dòng)．①該教學(xué)片段中，教師通過回顧舊知識(shí)的方式引入新課，但是沒有進(jìn)一步讓學(xué)生展開討論，沒有充分激活學(xué)生的關(guān)聯(lián)知識(shí)。導(dǎo)入內(nèi)容趣味性不高，不利于激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。②教師在新授環(huán)節(jié)采用了學(xué)生討論的形式，鍛煉了學(xué)生的1：3語表達(dá)能力，同時(shí)培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的合作精神。③在新授環(huán)節(jié)中，教師應(yīng)注意讓學(xué)生整體感知文章，而不是機(jī)械地分析每一部分的大意，這樣不利于學(xué)生閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)。④教學(xué)反饋較單一，應(yīng)多用一些啟發(fā)性的反饋語，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生積極探索新知，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主探究能力，提高教學(xué)效率。二、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。在對(duì)待學(xué)生問答時(shí)，教師應(yīng)如何給予評(píng)價(jià)列舉兩種評(píng)價(jià)用語。【答案】(1)為了使提問真正地發(fā)揮應(yīng)有作用，學(xué)生回答后，教師一定要及時(shí)、恰當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)其答案有所反饋，切忌對(duì)學(xué)生的回答不置可否。學(xué)生需要了解自己的回答究竟是值得稱贊還是應(yīng)當(dāng)糾正、有待改正，因此教師的評(píng)價(jià)用語不能一般化、公式化。要把對(duì)學(xué)生活動(dòng)的真實(shí)感受傳給學(xué)生。教師要根據(jù)學(xué)生回答問題時(shí)的不同表現(xiàn)，選用不同的評(píng)價(jià)用語，使教師的評(píng)價(jià)成為課堂教學(xué)真實(shí)交際的一部分。(2)評(píng)價(jià)用語：①當(dāng)學(xué)生的英語水平不是很好的時(shí)候．在回答問題時(shí)，教師可以用Good／Yes／Right／OK．鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生回答。當(dāng)學(xué)生回答錯(cuò)誤時(shí)。用“Thinkitover．"或給學(xué)生適當(dāng)?shù)膯l(fā)或暗示。②隨著學(xué)生英語水平的提高，教師應(yīng)豐富評(píng)價(jià)用語的表達(dá)方式，如…It’sreallyahardquestion，butyouranswerisquiteright．”“Iappreciatewhatyoudidinmyclass．”“I’mverygladthatyoumakeprogresseveryday．”，使學(xué)生在持之以恒的學(xué)習(xí)過程中收獲成功的喜悅。三、下面是某教師的課堂教學(xué)片段：T:...Now,let'smakeourownwisheswith"ifonly".Butpleasedon'tforgettogiveadescription,eventhoughit'sverybrief,ofsituation,thecontext,whereyoumakethewishwithoneortwosentences...HowaboutLiz?Liz:Nowit's5o'clock,andthereisatrafficjamontheexpressway.Thehotelwillcancelourroomat6o'clockifwedonotgettothehotel.Then,I'llsay:Oh,IwishifonlyIdidn'tgoonthejourney.T:Listen,Liz.Yousee,onceyouuse"Iwish",youdon'tneedtouse"ifonly".Justuseeitherone.Liz:Yes.T:Sowillyoutryagain?Justthewish.Liz:IfonlyIdidn'tgoonthejourney.T:Tomakeitbetter,youcansay"ifonlyIhadn'tgoneonthisjourney",becauseyouarealreadyontheway.Goon,please.請(qǐng)根據(jù)所給材料，分析該教師的教學(xué)目的和教學(xué)過程，評(píng)價(jià)其教學(xué)行為和反饋方式?！敬鸢浮?1)分析教學(xué)目的和教學(xué)過程①教學(xué)目的：知識(shí)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生掌握由ifonly引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣的用法。技能目標(biāo)：提高學(xué)生的英語造句能力、語法運(yùn)用能力以及英語表達(dá)能力。情感目標(biāo)：學(xué)生可以正確認(rèn)識(shí)自己的錯(cuò)誤并且改正錯(cuò)誤，養(yǎng)成良好的意志品質(zhì)。②教學(xué)過程：該教學(xué)情境屬于語法教學(xué)中的鞏固環(huán)節(jié)。教師采用讓學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)語境進(jìn)行造句的方法對(duì)所學(xué)的ifonly引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣的用法進(jìn)行鞏固。教學(xué)過程中師生對(duì)話，既學(xué)習(xí)了語法又鍛煉了口語表達(dá)能力。(2)評(píng)價(jià)教學(xué)行為和反饋方式優(yōu)：①及時(shí)評(píng)價(jià)，幫助學(xué)生糾正語法錯(cuò)誤。做到語法訓(xùn)練的準(zhǔn)確性。②語法鞏固練習(xí)設(shè)置要求學(xué)生結(jié)合具體語境造句．可以鍛煉學(xué)生在自己所創(chuàng)設(shè)的語境中應(yīng)用英語，鍛煉了語言綜合運(yùn)用能力。③教學(xué)素材的使用貼近學(xué)生生活．如：makeourownwishes就可以讓學(xué)生有話可說，體現(xiàn)了英語教學(xué)的實(shí)踐性，真正體現(xiàn)了素質(zhì)教育的理念。④該教學(xué)片段屬于語法教學(xué)中的鞏固環(huán)節(jié)，因此，體現(xiàn)了語言教學(xué)的漸進(jìn)性、持續(xù)性。缺：①語法鞏固練習(xí)形式顯單一枯燥。該教師僅采用了讓學(xué)生造句的練習(xí)方法。②反饋過程缺少對(duì)學(xué)生的鼓勵(lì)．會(huì)打擊學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性。學(xué)生回答問題之后，沒有鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生，而是直接“Listen，Liz．Yousee，onceyouuse…”③反饋的方式過于直接，可以采用引導(dǎo)的方式，讓學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的語法錯(cuò)誤并進(jìn)行改正，達(dá)到印象深刻的目的。該老師在教學(xué)過程中總是直接指出學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤。④教師沒有充分預(yù)料到學(xué)生的出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)，做到提前糾錯(cuò)。如在讓學(xué)生造句之前．應(yīng)該區(qū)別ifonly和wish在虛擬語氣句子中的用法。這樣在學(xué)生造句過程中就不會(huì)出現(xiàn)Liz的問題了。四、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。在語法教學(xué)中，語法練習(xí)的形式有哪幾種(10分)?請(qǐng)對(duì)任意兩種練習(xí)形式進(jìn)行舉例說明(10分)?！敬鸢浮?1)語法練習(xí)的形式①機(jī)械型練習(xí)。這類練習(xí)的作用是幫助學(xué)生熟記、掌握語法規(guī)則和形式，一般使用互不連接的單獨(dú)結(jié)構(gòu)、短語或句子。常見的練習(xí)形式有填空、選擇和替換等。②意義型練習(xí)。這類練習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)形式的正確理解和輸出，但同時(shí)涉及了意義。練習(xí)仍然使用互不連接的單獨(dú)結(jié)構(gòu)，答案通常是確定的。常見的練習(xí)形式有：基于意義的填空或選擇、配對(duì)、改錯(cuò)及合并句子、漢譯英或英譯漢等。③交際型練習(xí)。這類練習(xí)最有使用價(jià)值和趣味性，它強(qiáng)調(diào)以交際為目的的意義輸出或理解.在交際過程中同時(shí)注意結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用。常見的練習(xí)形式有：兩人活動(dòng)、小組討論活動(dòng)、角色扮演活動(dòng)、頭腦風(fēng)暴活動(dòng)等。(2)練習(xí)舉例①機(jī)械型練習(xí)——替換練習(xí)T：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebox.S：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebox.T：shelf.S：I’mtryingtofindabookintheshelf.T：bed.S：I’mtryingtofindabookinthebed.⑦意義型練習(xí)——漢澤英我打算在我家鄉(xiāng)買套房子。五、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)。用中文作答。閱讀所給材料，回答下列三個(gè)問題：(1)這兩份材料分別屬于哪種語篇類型?(6分)(2)這兩份材料分別適合于哪種課堂教學(xué)?說明理由(至少寫出兩個(gè)要點(diǎn))。(12分)(3)分析教師選用文本材料時(shí)需要考慮的基本要素(至少寫出三個(gè)要點(diǎn))。(12分)材料1Tom:HelloAlice.I'minterestedinyourworksavingbirds!Whatdoyouthinkisthemostdifficultpartofyourwork?Alice:Well...Isupposeit'ssavingwildbirdscoveredinoil.That'sthemostdifficultofall.Tom:Howdoesthathappen?Alice:Theoilcomesfromboats.Itfloatsonthewaterandcoversthebird'sfeatherswhentheyswimthroughit.Tom:Thatsoundsterrible.Whatdoyoudoaboutit?Alice:Thefirstthingwedoistomakesurethebirdhasn'ttriedtocleanitselfwithitsbeak.Asitdoesso,thebirdeatssomeoilandbecomessick.【答案】(1)語篇指的是實(shí)際使用的語言單位，是一次交際過程中的一系列連續(xù)的語段或句子所構(gòu)成的語言整體。根據(jù)韓禮德的觀點(diǎn)，語篇是一個(gè)語義單位或意義潛勢(shì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)化．任何一個(gè)口頭或書面語言片段，不論其長(zhǎng)短，只要能構(gòu)成一個(gè)語義整體，即表達(dá)完整的意思．就可以稱之為語篇。語篇之所以重要．是由于它是交際過程中傳遞(口頭或書面的)信息的語言形式：根據(jù)語篇的概念，第一篇屬于會(huì)話語篇，第二篇屬于段落語篇。(2)第一篇適合口語教學(xué)．第二篇適合閱讀教學(xué)。理由：①第一篇語言比較簡(jiǎn)單，沒有生僻詞匯，句式偏向口語化，適合用于口語練習(xí)；第二篇語言偏向書面化，詞匯相對(duì)較復(fù)雜，并且多了長(zhǎng)難句，適合進(jìn)行句子的分析，因此適合閱讀教學(xué)。②第一篇偏向生活化，有生活氣息．適合平時(shí)與人交際使用．英語口語的最終目的就是讓學(xué)生達(dá)到溝通交流．因此會(huì)話語篇可以提供這樣一個(gè)交流的環(huán)境。第二篇偏向說明性語言，是補(bǔ)充介紹知識(shí)的．因此可以作為閱讀材料來使學(xué)生在知識(shí)層面有所豐富和提高．同時(shí)也加強(qiáng)了語言理解方面的訓(xùn)練。(3)需要考慮的基本要素：①教學(xué)內(nèi)容要素教學(xué)內(nèi)容是要完成的教學(xué)任務(wù)，是實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主要載體。因此教師在選擇材料時(shí)．需將教科書作為主要依據(jù)。教材分析基本關(guān)注教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)及考點(diǎn)方面。比較注重顯性教材的運(yùn)用而忽視隱性教材的挖掘和利用，較少關(guān)注與學(xué)習(xí)教材內(nèi)容有密切關(guān)系的認(rèn)知和心理因素．以及教材對(duì)學(xué)生能力的要求，而對(duì)教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)也只是闡述其內(nèi)容，沒有做進(jìn)一步的分析。在新課改背景下，教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析既要有對(duì)顯性教材的運(yùn)用，也要有對(duì)隱性教材的挖掘和利用。⑦教學(xué)對(duì)象要素學(xué)生是分析教學(xué)任務(wù)必須要考慮的因素．分析學(xué)生是為了幫助學(xué)生解決學(xué)習(xí)中的困難．完成教學(xué)任務(wù)。教師應(yīng)該做到以下兩點(diǎn)：一是要了解教學(xué)活動(dòng)開始前學(xué)生在認(rèn)知、情感、態(tài)度等方面已經(jīng)達(dá)到了什么樣的水平，這一水平標(biāo)志著學(xué)生已經(jīng)能做什么，說什么，想明白了什么等(即學(xué)生的學(xué)情)。這是學(xué)生掌握新的學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的起點(diǎn)水平。二是要了解教授了教學(xué)材料后預(yù)期學(xué)生在認(rèn)知、情感、態(tài)度等方面必須達(dá)到的狀態(tài)。對(duì)這種狀態(tài)的把握最終會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)化為確定的教學(xué)任務(wù)與具體的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。只有當(dāng)教師的心中對(duì)教學(xué)前和教學(xué)后這兩種狀態(tài)的差距做到心中有數(shù)時(shí)。才能根據(jù)學(xué)生的實(shí)際情況，確定恰當(dāng)?shù)慕虒W(xué)內(nèi)容。③教學(xué)目標(biāo)要素教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教育者在教學(xué)過程中，希望受教育者達(dá)到的要求或產(chǎn)生的變化結(jié)果，也是教師完成教學(xué)任務(wù)的歸宿。新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)從關(guān)注學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)出發(fā)，強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的主體，教學(xué)目標(biāo)是教學(xué)活動(dòng)中師生共同追求的，而不是由教師所操縱的。因此，教學(xué)目標(biāo)的主體顯然應(yīng)該是學(xué)生。教師在選擇教學(xué)材料的同時(shí)也要以學(xué)生為出發(fā)點(diǎn)．思考需要完成怎樣的教學(xué)目標(biāo)或達(dá)到怎樣的教學(xué)效果。六、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)：請(qǐng)閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計(jì)20分鐘的寫作教學(xué)方案，幫助學(xué)生順利完成該寫作任務(wù)。教案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點(diǎn)：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustification教學(xué)時(shí)間：20分鐘學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中年級(jí)第一學(xué)期學(xué)生，班級(jí)人數(shù)40人，多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達(dá)到《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（2011年版）》五級(jí)水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。語言素材：WRITING?1.Thinkofsomeonefamousthatyouadmirealot,forexample,anartist,amusicianorwriter.?2.Writetwoorthreeparagraphsabouthisorherlife.Belowaresomesuggestionstohelpyou.【答案】Teachingtype:WritingclassTeachingcontents:Thisisawritingclassfromseniorhighschool,whichisabouthowtodescribeaperson.Studentsarerequiredtosharethedetailedinformationaboutthepeopletheyadmire,suchasthelivingplace,thelifestory,andtoexpressthereasonswhytheylikethesecelebritiessomuch.TeachingObjectives:(1)Knowledgeobjectives①StudentsareabletoknowthedetailedinformationaboutthepeopletheyadmireandcandescribeitcorrectlyandproperlyinEnglish.(2)Abilityobjectives:①Studentsareabletoarrangethewritingmaterialstheyhaveandorganizethemlogically.②Throughsharingthestoriesoftheirfavoritepeople,students’speakingabilitywillbesignificantlyimproved.(3)Emotionalobjectives:①Studentscanlearnthecorrectandpositivevaluesfromthepeopletheylike.②Studentsareabletoenhancetheabilitiesofcriticalthinkingandrationalthinkingthroughassessingsomeonereasonably.Teachingkeyanddifficultpoints:TeachingKeypoint:Howtocollectthewritingmaterialsandorganizethemproperly.七、根據(jù)題目要求完成下列任務(wù)，用中文作答。以下是某教師的課堂教學(xué)片段：(教師拿出若干不同顏色的禮物盒擺在桌上，然后將一個(gè)玩具汽車快速藏人其中一個(gè)盒子里，請(qǐng)學(xué)生猜玩具在哪個(gè)盒子里)T：Whereisthecar?S：Isitintheredbox?T：Maybe．T：Nowlet’Sseewherethecatis…Look!It’sintheyellowbox．(教師用PPT呈現(xiàn)課文人物John的照片)T：Lookatthisphoto．He’sJohn．He’sanAmericanboy．Helivesinourcity．Hestudiesinourschool．Buttodayhe’snotintheclassroom．WhereisJohn?Guess，please!S：Isheathome?T：Maybe．S：Isheinthesupermarket?T：Perhaps．【答案】(1)復(fù)習(xí)導(dǎo)入環(huán)節(jié)：運(yùn)用實(shí)物創(chuàng)設(shè)情境。教師拿出若干不同顏色的禮物盒及玩具汽車等．為學(xué)生們創(chuàng)設(shè)了一個(gè)具體直觀的具有信息差的猜測(cè)情境，復(fù)習(xí)舊知，激發(fā)興趣。實(shí)物情境因其本身的直觀具體性，使學(xué)生看得見，摸得到，利于感受，利于理解。教師在教學(xué)過程中，向?qū)W生出示某些與教學(xué)內(nèi)容相關(guān)的實(shí)物，創(chuàng)設(shè)實(shí)體情境，可以有效地吸引學(xué)生的注意力．激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率。(2)課文教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)：運(yùn)用多媒體創(chuàng)設(shè)情境。教師用PVT呈現(xiàn)課文人物John的照片及John躺在臥室床上的畫面，呈現(xiàn)問題WhereisJohn?并播放課文錄音等，為學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)視聽情境。通過多媒體為學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)豐富多彩、形象生動(dòng)、妙趣橫生的教學(xué)情境，可以充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的試聽感官系統(tǒng)，激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣，提高學(xué)生的認(rèn)知能力。同時(shí)，還可以提高課堂的信息容量；縮短教學(xué)時(shí)問，提高教學(xué)效率；實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)方式的多元化，利于優(yōu)化課堂教學(xué)效果。(3)語言操練環(huán)節(jié)：運(yùn)用活動(dòng)創(chuàng)設(shè)情境。教師組織學(xué)生做游戲操練對(duì)話的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)Whereis…?及其回答，體現(xiàn)了這一創(chuàng)設(shè)情境的方式。教師結(jié)合學(xué)生情況及教學(xué)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)多樣化的教學(xué)活動(dòng)，可以有效地激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性，活躍課堂氣氛。八、下面是某教師的課堂教學(xué)片段：T:Whatdidyourmumdoyesterday,WangLinS:Mymumbuyedthedressforme.T:Oh,thatisnice.Yourmumboughtitforyou,didsheS:Yes.T:WheredidshebuyitS:Shebuyeditintown.T:Oh,sheboughtitintownforyou.Well,itisverynice.請(qǐng)根據(jù)所給材料回答下列三個(gè)問題。(1)學(xué)生在對(duì)話中的語言錯(cuò)誤是什么(2)該教師采用什么方式來糾正學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤效果如何(3)教師還可以采用哪些方式糾錯(cuò)請(qǐng)舉例說明?！敬鸢浮?1)該學(xué)生犯了13語語法錯(cuò)誤，用錯(cuò)了動(dòng)詞過去式的形式。即Mymumbuyedthedressforme.buyed→bought，Shebuyeditintown.buyed→bought。(2)該教師采用了重述法(Recasts)來糾正學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤。教師對(duì)學(xué)生語言表達(dá)中的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行了含蓄糾正。即先進(jìn)行部分肯定之后用正確的語言重述學(xué)生的表達(dá)，不指出錯(cuò)誤，而通過不同的語氣(如反問)、語調(diào)、眼神、動(dòng)作等，讓學(xué)生