2022年在職工程碩士考試英語(yǔ)真題

2022年在職工程碩士考試英語(yǔ)真題PartTwoReadingComprehension

Directions:

Inthisparttherearethreepassagesandonechart，eachfollowedbyjivequestions

orunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthem，therearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，Cand

D.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithasingle

linethroughthecenter.

Questions11-15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Everwonthelottery?No?Butdidthatstopyoubuyinganotherlotteryticket?Iftheanswerisanother“no“，youmightcallyourselfanoptimist.

AccordingtoresearchersatUniversityCollegeLondon，humanbeingsaresanguinecreatures.Itisallinthebrain，theysay.Astudysuggeststhathumanbrainisveryefficientatprocessinggoodnews:about80%ofpeoplehaveatendencytoseetheglassashalf-full，nothalf-empty，eveniftheydon”tconsiderthemselvestobeoptimists.

Thegoodnewsisthatthisbringsahealthbenefit,Havingapositiveoutlookonlifereducesanxiety.Astudyofnearly100，000womenshowedalowerriskofdeathfromheartdiseaseamongoptimists.

Butthereareproblemsinalwayshavinganoptimisticattitude.Theauthorsofthestudypointoutthatthe2022financialcrisismayhavebeencausedbyanalystsoverestimatingtheirassets”performanceeveninthefaceofclearevidencetothecontrary.

Therearepersonalhealthriskstoo.DrTaliSharot，leadresearcher，said:”””SmokingKills”messagesdon”tworksincepeoplethinktheirchancesofcancerarelow.There”saveryfundamentaltendencyinthebrain.“

But，astheysay，everycloudhasasilverlining.Evenifseeingtheworldthroughrose-coloredglassesposesarisktoourhealth，it”snotsomethingthatislikelytocauseustolosesleep.Let”sjustkeepourchinsupandkeepsmiling!

11.Whatdoes“sanguine”(para.2)mean?

A.DepressedBCheerfulC.LuckyD.Emotional

12.ThestudymentionedinParagraph2indicatesthatpeople______.

A.aremoreoptimisticthantheybelieve

B.arelessoptimisticthantheybelieve

C.likegoodnewsmorethantheythink

D.likegoodnewslessthantheythink

13.WhatstudymentionedinParagraph2indicatesthatpeople_____.

A.Collectingfalseinformation

B.OveremJ1hasizingevidence.

C.Misjudgingthesituation.

D.Givingapessimisticforecast.

14.Theauthorsuggestsinthelastparagraphthatwe______

A.adjustourgoalsinlife

B.learntoreleasebadmood

C.avoidbeingoveroptimistic

D.maintainapositiveattitude

15.whatisthemainofthepassage?

A.Peopletendtobeoptimisticevenincrisis.

B.Optimistsenjoylifebetterthanpessimists.

C.Beingoptimistichasbothbenefitsandrisks.

D.Optimismiswhatkeepsusgoingforward.

Questions16-20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

TheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)haslaunchedaninvestigationintoallegationsthatitsofficialsinmorethan50countrieshavebeensellingLondonOlympicsticketsontheblackmarketforprofit.TheIOCmetatanemergencysessiononSaturdaytolookintoapileofevidenceuncoveredbyBritain”sSundayTimesnewspaper.Thepaperclaimsthathigh-rankingOlympicofficialshavebeensellingticketsforthegamesathugelyinflatedprices.Thehighestpricedticketsontheblackmarketwereforthemen”s100-meterfinal.Therochasissuedastatementsayingittakestheseallegationsveryseriouslyandhasimmediatelytakenthefirststepstoinvestigate.“

IOCrulesforbidnationalOlympicscommitteesfromsellingticketsoverseas，increasingticketpricesorsellingticketstounauthorized，third-partyresellers.Despitethis，SundayTimesundercoverreportposingasillegalticketsellerssaytheyhaverecordedevidenceof27officialssellingticketsdistributedto54countriesOneofthemostseriousallegationswasagainsttheGreekOlympicCommitteepresidentSpyrosCapralos.Hedeniessayinghehad“pulledstrings“withtheheadoftheLondonOlympicsSebastianCoeeventhoughthepaperpostedvideosofitsreporters”negotiationswithCapralosonitswebsite.MrCapraloshassofarrefusedtocomment.

16TheIOCisinvestigatingitsownofficialsfor_______.

A.runningtheblackmarketB.secretlymeetingreporters

C.illegallysellingticketsD.criticizingSundayTimes

17.Theword“allegations“(Para.1)”probablymeans“_______”

A.discussionsB.claims

C.announcementsD.opinions

18.SundayTimesrevealed_______.

A.detailsaboutIOC”semergencysession

B.evidenceagainstsomeIOCofficials

C.ticketpricesformen”s100-meterfinal

D.pricingpolicyoftheLondonOlympics

19.WhichofthefollowingisNOTagainsttheIOCrulesconcerningitsofficials?

A.Sellingticketsinternationally.

B.Raisingthepricesofthetickets.

C.Sellingticketstounofficialresellers.

D.Givingticketstotheirfriends.

20.Faceswiththeevidenceagainsthim,Capralos_____

A.blamedotherofficials

B.admittedthefacts

C.issuedastatement

D.gavenoresponse

Questions21-25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Pressedbycompetitionanditsownsuccess，thepopularsearchengineGooglehascreatedanautomatedwaytosearchfornewemployeeswhoarefullyappropriateaswellashigh-achieving.

Inaproject，the100，000peoplewhofillinonlinejobapplicationsforGoogleeachmonthwillbeaskedtocompleteacomplicatedquestionnaire(問(wèn)卷)exploringtheirattitudes，behaviour，personalityandbackgroundsgoingbacktotheirschooldays.

Thequestionsrangefromwhetherapplicantshaveeversetaworldrecord，towhethertheirworkspaceismessyortidyorwhatmagazinestheyread.AnswersarestudiedbyGoogle”smathematicianstocalculateascoremeanttopredicthowwellapersonwillfitintotheorganization”sdiversifiedandcompetitiveculture.

Psychometrictests(心理測(cè)試)arealreadyusedbymoretraditionalcompaniestoselectworkers，buttheyareunheardofinacompanylikeGoogle，whichisbuiltonabeliefinindividualtalent.Theonlinequestionnaireisbasedontheanswersto300questionssentoutlastsummertoeveryemployeeattheheadofficeinCalifornia”sSiliconValley.Somequestionswerefactual:Whatprogramminglanguagesareyoufamiliarwith?Whatinternetmailinglistsareyouon?

Otherquestions，however，triedtoestablishpersonalityandbehaviouralcharacteristics:Haveyouevertutoredanotherperson?

“Wewantedtocastaverywidenet，“saidLaszloBock，Google”sVice-PresidentforPeopleOperations.“Itisnotunusualtowalkintoourofficeandbumpintodogs.Maybepeoplewhoowndogshavesomepersonalityfeaturethatisuseful.“

21Googlehascreatedanewwayofrecruitinginorderto_____.

A.findthemostappropriateemployees

B.bettercompetewithothercompanies

C.spreaditsuniqueco叩orateculture

D.conductanonlineresearchproject

22.Theinformationgainedfromthequestionnairewillbe_____.

A.analyzedinareport

B.summedupinafigure

C.organizedintoachart

D.keptinitsrawstate

23.WhatistrueabouttheGoogleonlinequestionnaire?

A.Itwasbasedonasurveyofitsemployees.

B.Itfocusesonbackgroundquestions.

C.Itwasdesignedbysomemathematicians

D.Ithasbeenfilledoutby100，000people

24.WhatdistinguishesGoogleonlinequestionnaire?

A.Preferringthosewhoownpets.

B.Stressingoverallpersonalqualities.

C.Askingmorecomplexquestions.

D.Believinginhigh-achievingexperience.

25.By“castingawidenet“(lastparagraph)，LaszloBockmeans

A.recruitingawiderangeoftalents

B.findingcandidateswithpeculiarpersonality

C.identifyingcandidateswithwideinterests

D.pickingoutasmanyapplicantsaspossible

Questions26-30arebasedonthefollowingchart:

CigaretteSmokingbyGradeLevel:2022-2022

(說(shuō)明：2022年為白框，2022年為灰框，2022年是黑框，掃描問(wèn)題無(wú)法顯示。)

26.Thepurposeofthechartistoshow________

A.thepercentagesofsmokersinschools

B.theincreaseofsmokersingrades9-12during2022-2022

C.thenumberofteenagesmokersingrades9-12

D.theamountofmoneyspentbyyoungsmokers-overtheyears

27.Whichgradehadthehighestpercentageofsmokersin2022????

A.The9th.B.The10th.

C.The11th.D.The12th

28.Thepercentageofthe9thgradesmokersin2022was______

A.23.2B.25.2

C.31.2D.33.4

29.Whichgradesawthegreatestincreaseofsmokersoverthefouryears?

A.The9th.B.The10th.

C.The11th可D.The12th.

30.Whattendencycanwefindfromthechart?

A.Smokersinallgradeshaveincreased.

B.Thehigherthegrade，themorethesmokers.

C.Theolderastudent，themorehesmokes.

D.Lowgraderssmokelessheavily.

PartThreeCloze

Directions:

Therearetenblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachnumberedblank，thereare

fourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronthe

ANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Workingmemory,orshort-termmemory，involvestheabilitytoholdanduse

informationintheimmediatefuture.31isonlyheldinworkingmemoryforabout20seconds.Thechallengethatstudents32istomoveinformationfromtheirworkingmemoriesintotheirlong-termmemories.Iftheydon”tdothisinaboutthefirstfewminutesafterreceivingtheinformation，thatinformationcanbelost.Tokeepthisnewlylearnedmaterialfrom33away,itneedstoenterthenetworkofthebrain”swiring.

Afterrepeatedpractice，workingmemoriesaresetdownaspermanentneuronal

(神經(jīng)的)circuits34tobeactivated(激活)whentheinformationisneeded.Whenamemoryhasbeenrecalled35itsneuronalcircuitsaremorehighlydeveloped

becauseoftheirrepeatedactivation.

36exercisingamuscle，thesecircuitsthenbecomemoreefficientandeasiertoaccessandactivate.Practiceresults37repeatedstimulationofthememorycircuit.Likehikersalongapath38eventuallyleaveadepressionintheroad，repeatedpracticestimulatescellsinthememorycircuitsuchthatthecircuitisreinforcedandbecomes39.Thismeansitcanbequicklyturnedfromofftoon，andswitched.40throughavarietyofcuescominginfromthesenses.

31.A.MaterialB.InformationC.KnowledgeD.Ability

32.A.haveB.takeC.faceD.hold

33.AslippingB.turningC.movingD.stepping

34.A.usefulB.goodC.openD.ready

35.A.usuallyB.oftenC.wellD.soon

36.A.DuringB.ByC.LikeD.Unlike

37.A.inB.atC.fromD.with

38.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.who

39.A.strongerB.weakerC.longerD.shorter

40.A.overB.backC.offD.on

PartFourDialogueCompletion

PartThreeCloze

Directions:

Therearetenblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachnumberedblank，thereare

fourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronthe

ANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Workingmemory,orshort-termmemory，involvestheabilitytoholdanduse

informationintheimmediatefuture.31isonlyheldinworkingmemoryforabout20seconds.Thechallengethatstudents32istomoveinformationfromtheirworkingmemoriesintotheirlong-termmemories.Iftheydon”tdothisinaboutthefirstfewminutesafterreceivingtheinformation，thatinformationcanbelost.Tokeepthisnewlylearnedmaterialfrom33away,itneedstoenterthenetworkofthebrain”swiring.

Afterrepeatedpractice，workingmemoriesaresetdownaspermanentneuronal

(