中考英語單項(xiàng)突破閱讀

來源于：中考網(wǎng)

09年中考英語單項(xiàng)突破閱讀1

中考英語單項(xiàng)突破閱讀1

中考英語“閱讀理解”題主要是考查考生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識(shí)的能力，包括閱讀能力、理解能力、

歸納概括能力、邏輯推理能力以及對(duì)材料的評(píng)估能力等。很多同學(xué)在做題時(shí)常常有一種"讀得懂做不對(duì)”的

感覺。

首先，中考試題中的閱讀文章題材多樣（涉及政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、歷史地理、科學(xué)技術(shù)

等各個(gè)方面），體裁形式豐富（包括記敘文、說明文、議論文、應(yīng)用文以及新聞報(bào)道、廣告、通知、操作說明、

表格等），這就需要考生在平時(shí)對(duì)各方面的知識(shí)都有所積累,迎合中考命題趨勢(shì)。

其次,閱讀理解主要是考查考生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識(shí)的能力，包括閱讀、理解、歸納概括、邏輯推

理以及對(duì)材料的評(píng)估能力等。在閱讀技巧上，考生要了解文章的個(gè)別詞或句子、文章的某細(xì)節(jié)或情節(jié)、文章

的主題、文章的背景知識(shí)、文章的結(jié)論或結(jié)局、文章內(nèi)涵的寓意等。

第三,從問題設(shè)置上可以將問題總結(jié)為四種類型：

（一）直接題目：這種題目比較簡(jiǎn)單，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié),就可以解答

出來,有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案。

（二）理解性問題：要求對(duì)文中個(gè)別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞、詞組或句子做出解釋。解答這類題目時(shí)需要對(duì)有

關(guān)的上下文，甚至整篇文章的內(nèi)容建立準(zhǔn)確、立體的理解才能做出正確答案。

在這里教給大家一個(gè)對(duì)付看不懂的單詞的方法,就是猜詞,怎么猜?如何猜?這是有一定的方法和技

巧的，根據(jù)文章中所提到的線索,進(jìn)行推理猜詞。

Whenyouread,youwillfindsomenewwords.Whatshouldyoudo?Youcanlookupthewords

inthedictionary,butitwilltakeyoumuchtime.Sometimesyoucanguessanewwordbecause

youknowsomeofthepartsofthenewwords.Forexample,awritermeansapersonwritessomething.

Sometimesitisnotenoughtoknowthepartofanewwordtounderstandit,butitmayhelpyou

alot.

1.Iwanttoopenthecanofbeans.Whereistheopener?

A.開門人B.開罐器C.開關(guān)D.更開放的

2.Johngavehissisterapairoflargegreenandblackshoesforherbirthday.Itwas

reallyanoddpresent.

A.貴的B.奇特的C.精致的D.好的

3.Afishtakesoxygenwithhisgill.魚鯉

（三）推理性題目：這種題目考生往往不能直接從文中找到答案,而需要根據(jù)上下文及其相互間的關(guān)

系或?qū)φ恼逻M(jìn)行深層理解后,才能找到答案。有時(shí)甚至還得考慮作者的主旨、傾向等因素加以推理,才

能獲得正確答案。

（四）概括性題目：要求考生在閱讀和理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)文章做出歸納、概括或評(píng)價(jià)。解這種題目

時(shí)，不能只憑文中的只言片語而斷章取義，比如涉及文章的標(biāo)題、主題、結(jié)論、結(jié)局等有關(guān)問題，都需要在細(xì)

讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合所學(xué)語言知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)、生活常識(shí)、專業(yè)知識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯思維推理判斷，從而獲取文

章中內(nèi)含的信息。

重點(diǎn)詞匯：

Mainly/Fromthetextweknowthat............/whole/whatcanyouinferfromthispassage?

在看具體閱讀文章之前,我還想和大家探討一個(gè)問題，當(dāng)你拿到一篇閱讀文章的時(shí)候,你是先看文章

還是先看后面的題目呢?在這里我只想對(duì)你說，你的習(xí)慣是先看文章也好，還是先看題目也罷，都可以，只要

你按照自己的這種習(xí)慣就好，我只想對(duì)在座的同學(xué)們說，無論你是先看文章，還是先看題目，在這里希望大家

注意的是，在此之前第零個(gè)步驟就是先花1秒鐘的時(shí)間掃看一下文章的中文注視詞和文章的題目，這對(duì)你做

文章多少是有一定的幫助的。還有我要強(qiáng)調(diào)的就是:文章題目百分之八十都會(huì)出現(xiàn)在以下三個(gè)地方：

1全文的首段

2每段的首句

3全文的末句

換言之，這幾處大家一定要讀懂、讀透。

還有以下給大家總結(jié)了一些在閱讀當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的一些關(guān)鍵的詞，這些詞周圍往往也是比較容易出考題

的地方所在。

1.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的：but,however,

2.表示原因的：because,for

3.表示結(jié)果的：so,sothat

4.一些重要的形容詞和短語：important,morethan,insurprise

5.表示強(qiáng)調(diào)等感情色彩強(qiáng)烈的詞：must,haveto,do

6.表示順序的詞：First..Second.....Third..........

UnitOne

PartOne

PassageA

Onedayalargerock（巖石）fel1downfromamountain.Therockrolled（滾）downandstopped

inthemiddleofaroadinavillage.Itwaslikeabigball.

SomeofthestrongestmenintheviHagetriedto1ifttherock.Theydidtheirbestbut

theycouldn'tmoveitaway.Theytriedtopushit,theytiredtorollit,theytriedtopullit

withropes,butnothingworked."Well,〃theyagreed,“there'snothingwecandoaboutit.We,11

havetobuildanotherroad.”

Atthetimeayoungboyabout12yearsoldwasstandingby."Excuseme,“hesaid,“but

IthinkIcanhelpyoumovetherock.”

"You?"theyshouted."Whatareyoutalkingabout?Allofushavejusttried,andeven

togetherwecan,tmoveitatall."Themenalllaughedattheboy.

Thenextmorningsomepeoplecameintotheroad.Oneofthemshouted,“Therockisgone.”

Morepeopleranoutintotheroadtoseeforthem-selves.Itwastrue.Therockwasn'tonthe

roadanymore.Itwasn'tevenneartheroad.Infact,noonecouldseetherockanywhere.

“Thisisimpossible."theysaid."Wherehasitgone?”Thetwelve-year-oldboystoodout,

smiling."ItoldyouIcouldmoveit,“hesaid.

diditlastnight.Yousee,“hesaid."Idugadeepholenexttotherockandtherock

rolleddownintotheholebyitself.ThenIcovereditwiththeearth.*

1.Whathappenedinthevillageoneday?felldownfromthemountain.

A.AlittleboyB.Abigrock

C.ThestrongestmenD.Somepeople

2.Thestrongestmeninthevillagecoulddonothingabouttherockbecause

A.theywerelazyB.theywere

strongenough

C.therockwastoobigD.theythought

someoneelsecould

3.Whenthevillagersheardtheboy'swords,theyfelt.

A.

happyB.

sad

C.

surprisedD.

afraid

4.Thenextmorning,thepeopleintheviHagefound.

A.theboylostB.no

rockontheroad

C.therockwasstillthereD.theboywas

diggingahole

5.Fromthestory,weknowthatsometimeschildrenarethanmen.

A.strongerB.cleverer

C.moreinterestingD.morecareful

參考答案:BCCBB

PassageB

(B)

TheEnglishlanguageisdifferentfromanyotherlanguage.YetEnglishwordsdonotstay

thesame.The1anguageisalwayschanging.Weneednewwordsfornewinventionsandnewideas.

Differentwordscomeintouse,orolderwordsareusedinanewway.

Englishcanchangebyborrowingwordsfromotherlanguages,“tomato"wasborrowedfrom

Mexico,theword"coffee“camefromTurkey,and〃tea〃camefromChina.Nownewspaceandscience

wordsarebeingborrowedfromothercountries,too.

Newwordsarealsomadebyaddingtwowordstogether."Postman"and"grandfather"arewords

madeupoftwoparts.

Sometimesnewwordsareshorterformsofolderwords.Theword"photo"wasmadefrom

photographbycuttingofftheendofthe1ongerword."Plane"wasmadebycuttingoffthefront

partofairplane.〃Smog〃wasmadebyusingonlythefirsttwoandlasttwolettersfromthewords

smokeandfog.

Thenamesofpeopleandproductscanbecomenewwords.Oursandwichwasnamedafteraman

named"Sandwich”.

6.TheEnglishlanguageneedsnewwords.

A.tomakeitmorebeautifulB.tomakeupsome

stories

C.tokeepupwithotherlanguagesD.fornewinventions

andnewideas

7.Thepassagemakesyouthinkthat.

A.allthenewwordsareborrowedfromotherlanguages

B.languagesdonotstaythesameallthetime

C.theEnglishlanguagehasmorewordsthanotherlanguages

D.allolderwordsareusedinanewway

8.Onthewhole,thepassageisabout.

A.borrowingwordsfromotherlanguages

B.namingnewproducts

C.thedevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguage

D.theoldEnglish

9.Theword“coffee"isanexampletoshowthat.

A.theEnglishlanguageisalwayschangingveryfast

B.Englishcanchangebyborrowingwordsfromotherlanguages

C.Englishisnotasperfectassomeotherlanguages

D.sometimesnewwordsareshorterformsofolderwords

10.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.NewwordsintheEnglish1anguagecomeintobeingindifferentways.

B.NewEnglishwordsmustbelongerthantheolderones.

C.Al1thelanguagesexceptEnglishalwaysstaythesame.

D.Noneofthelanguagesintheworldarechanging.

參考答案:DBCBA

PassageC

（0

Today,roller-skatingiseasyandfun.Butalongtimeago,itwasn*teasyatall.Before

1750,noonehadanyideasofroller-skating.ThatchangedbecauseofamannamedJosephMeriin.

Helikedtomakethingsandplaytheviolin（小提琴）inhisfreetime.JosephMerlinwasaman

ofideasanddreams.Peoplecalledhimadreamer.

OnedayMerlinwasinvitedtoaparty.Hewasverypleasedandalittleexcited.Asthe

dayofthepartycamenear,Mer1inbegantothinkhowtomakeanamazingentranceattheparty.

Hehadanidea.Hethoughtevery-oneatthepartywouldshowmuchinterestifhecouldskateinto

theroom.

Merlintrieddifferentwaystomakehimselfroll.Finally,hedecidedtoputtwowheels

undereachshoe.Thesewerethefirstrollerskates.Meriinwasveryproudofhisinventionand

dreamedofarrivingatthepartyonwheelswhileplayingtheviolin.

OnthenightofthepartyMerlinrolledintotheroomplayinghisviolin.Everyonewas

verysurprisedtoseehim.Therewasjustoneproblem.Merlinhadnowaytostophisrollerskates.

Herolledonandon.Suddenly,heranintoahugemirror（鏡子）thatwashangingonthewall.The

mirrorfelldown,breakingintopieces.Merlin'sideawassogoodthatnobodyforgothisspecial

entranceforalongtime.Butcouldhefindoutawaytostophisrollerskates?

11.Thepassageismainly（主要地）about.

A.acarelessmanB.a

wonderfuldream

C.thebirthofrollerskatesD.the

birthofviolins

12.PeoplethoughtMerlinwasadreamerbecausehe.

A.dreameddayandnightB.liked

makingthings

C.wasaninterestingmanD.wasfull

ofstrangeideas

13.Merlinwantedtosoheputwheelsunderhisshoes.

A.playtheviolinwellB.

arriveatthepartysooner

C.betallerthantheothersD.

surprisethepeopleattheparty

14.Whatdidthewriterwanttotellusinthelastparagraph?

A.Merlinmadealotoftrouble.

B.Rollerskatesshouldbeimproved.

C.ThepeoplewereangrywithMerlin.

D.Mer1inwasstrongenoughtobreakthemirrorintopieces.

15.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.NothinghappenedtoMerlinattheparty.

B.Merlinmadeasurprisingentrancethatday.

C.NoonenoticedMer1inwhenheenteredtheroom.

D.Merlincouldn,tsleepwellbecausehedreamedalot.

參考答案:CDDBB

09年中考英語單項(xiàng)突破閱讀2

09年中考英語單項(xiàng)突破閱讀2

Parttwo

(A)

WhenDavidWilliamsleftthecollege(大學(xué))，hewenttoAustralia.Whenhereturnedto

Englandforavisittwentyyearslater,hedecidedtogobacktohisoldcollege.

Davidwasverygladwhenhefoundoutthathisoldcollegeteacherwasstillteachingthere.

Hewenttovisittheoldman,andaftertheyhadaninterestingtalk,theteacherwentoutto

getsomething.Whilehewasaway,Davidsawanexampaperonthedesk.Helookedatthedateon

itandsawthatitwasgiventothestudentsaweekago.Davidpickedthepaperupandreadit.

Whentheteachercameback,Davidsaidtohim,〃Mr.Smith,I'msurethattheseareright

thesamequestionsthatyouaskedusinourexamstwentyyearsago!Howisthatpossible?”

“Yes,that'sright,〃agreedtheteacher."Thequestionsarethesame,buttheanswershave

changed.z/

1.Davidwenttoafterheleftthecollege.

A.EnglandB.

Australia

C.anothercollegeD.his

teacher'soffice

2.Davidfeltwhenhefoundoutthathiscollegeteacherwassti11teachingthere.

A.worriedB.sorry

C.surprisedD.happy

3.Thestudentstookthesameexam.

A.twentyyearsagoB.while

David*steacherwasaway

C.aweekagoD.while

David'sreadthepaper

4.Canyouguesswhytheteacherstillusedthesameexampapertwentyyearslater?Because

A.timeshavechanged,answershavechanged,too

B.differentstudentshavethesameanswers

C.thestudentsliketotheexam

D.theteacherlovedhisstudentsverymuch

參考答案:BDCA

PassageB

B

Mabe1isacashier（收銀員）inabigshopinNewYork.Peoplecanbuymedicine,watches,

sweets,andmanyotherthings.TheypayMabelforthethingstheybuy.

Attheshoppeoplecanalsobuylotterytickets（彩票）.Theypayonedollarforalottery

ticket.Therearepicturesontheticket.Somepicturesarewinningpictures,andsomepictures

arelosingpictures.Mostpeoplewinnothing.Somepeoplewintwodollars.Afewluckypeople

winthousandsofdollars.

OnedayMabelwasworkingattheshop.Shesoldthreelotteryticketstoawoman.Thewoman

lookedatthepicturesonthetickets.Thenshethrewtheticketsonthecounter（柜臺(tái)）andwalked

away."Thesearelosingtickets,“shethought.

Mabelpickeduptheticketsandlookedatthem.Shewassurprised.Thenshewasexcited（興

奮的）.Oneticketwasawinningticket!

“Excuseme!”Mabelcalledtothewoman."Youwon$50,000!〃

Thewomancamebacktothecounter.Shetookthewinningticketandlookedatit."You're

right,“shesaid."Iwon$50,000.“Thewomanwalkedawayslowly,lookingattheticketagainand

again.Thensheturnedaround."Thankyou!Thankyouverymuch!”shesaidtoMabel.

WhydidMabelgivethewomantheticket?Whydidn'tshekeeptheticket?Didn'tshewant

the$50,000?

“OfcourseIwantedthemoney,“Mabelsaid."Butitwasherticket.Itwasn，tmyticket.

Well,I*msorrythatyouaren*trich,〃hermothersaid."BuiI'mhappythatyou'rehonest

（誠(chéng)實(shí)）.

5.Mabelatthebigshop.

A.receivesandpaysoutmoneyB.putsthingsontheshelves

C.helpspeoplechoosethingsD.carriesthingsforold

people

6.Onelotteryticketcosts.

A.nothingB.three

dollars

C.twodollarsD.onedollar

7.Thewomanwasluckybecause.

A.allherthreeticketswerewinningtickets

B.allherthreeticketswerelosingtickets

C.Mabelfoundthewinningticketandgaveitbacktoher

D.shefoundthewinningticketherself

8.Mabeldidn'tkeepthewinningticketbecause.

A.shewon$50,000,too

B.hermothertoldhernottodoso

C.shedidn'twanttohaveanythingthatwasnothers

D.hermotherwasveryrich

參考答案:ADCC

PassageC

（O

JeffKeithhasonlyoneleg.Whenhewas12yearsold,Jeffhadcancer（癌癥）.Doctors

hadtocutoffmostofhisrightleg.EverydayJeffputsonanartificialleg（man-madeleg）.

Thelegisplastic（塑膠）.WiththeplasticlegJeffcanski（滑雪），rideabicycle,swim,and

playsoccer.Hecanalsorun.

Whenhewas22yearsold,JeffKeithranacrosstheUnitedStates,fromtheEasttothe

West.HestartedrunninginBostononApri11.HestoppedrunninginLosAngeles.Heran5,150

kilometers;that'sabout26kilometerseachday.Jeffworeout36pairsofrunningshoesandfive

plasticlegs.

JeffstoppedincitiesonthewaytoLosAngeles.IneverycitypeoplegaveJeffmoney.

ThemoneywasnotforJeff.ItwasfortheAmericanCancerSociety（美國(guó)癌癥協(xié)會(huì)）.TheAmerican

CancerSocietyusedthemoneytolearnaboutcancer.

OnthewaytoLosAngelesJefftalkedtopeopleaboutcancer.Healsotalkedaboutbeing

disabled（傷殘）.Jeffisdisabled,buthecandomanythings:heskis,swims,playssoccer,and

runs.Hefinishedcollegeandisstudyingtobealawyer（律師）.Jeffsays,“Peoplecandoanything

theywanttodo.Iwantpeopletoknowthat.Irannotonlyfordisabledpeople.Iranforeverybody.zz

9.ThemoneyJeffgotonthewaytoLosAngeleswasusedfor.

A.helpingpeoplewhohavecancerB.

learningaboutcancer

C.helpingdisabledpeopleD.

Jeff'sstudytobealawyer

10.Thestorytellsusthat________.

A.Jeffisaluckypersonbecauseeverybodygiveshimmoney

B.JeffissostrongthathecanrunacrossAmerica

C.disabledpeoplelikeJeffalwayshaveakindheart

D.Jeffwantstoshowthatdisabledpeoplecandoanythingtheywantto

11.HowlongdidittakeJefftorunfromBostontoLosAngeles?

A.Sixandahalfmonthsmoreorless.

B.Morethantwohundreddays.

C.Almosttwenty-fiveweeks.

D.Lessthanhalfayear.

參考答案:BDA

PartThree

教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1.alone/lonely

2.interested/interesting

3.選項(xiàng)解析

PassageA

（A）

Happinessisforeveryone.Youdon'tneedtocareaboutthosepeoplewhohavebeautiful

houseswithlargegardensandswimmingpoolsorthosewhohavenicecarsandalotofmoneyand

soon.Why?Becausethosewhohavebighousesmayoftenfeellonelyandthosewhohavecarsmay

wanttowalkonthecountryroadsattheirfreetime.

Infact,happinessisalwaysaroundyouifyouputyourheartintoit.Whenyouarein

troubleatschool,yourfriendswi11helpyou;whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons,yourparents

arealwaystakinggoodcareofyourlifeandyourhealth;whenyougetsuccess,yourfriendswill

saycongratulationstoyou;whenyoudosomethingwrong,peoplearoundyouwi11helpyoutocorrect

it.Andwhenyoudosomethinggoodtoothers,youwillfeelhappy,too.Alltheseareyourhappiness.

Ifyounoticeabitofthem,youcanseethathappinessisalwaysaroundyou.

Happinessisnotthesameasmoney.Itisafeelingofyourheart.Whenyouarepoor,you

canalsosayyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavesomethingelsethatcan'tbeboughtwithmoney.

Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcansayloudlyyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavemore

chancestochallengeyourself.Soyoucannotalwayssayyouarepoorandyouhavebadluck.As

thesayinggoes,lifeislikearevolving（旋轉(zhuǎn)的）door.Whenitcloses,italsoopens.Ifyou

takeeverychanceyouget,youcanbeahappyandluckyperson.

1.Thosewhohavebighousesmayoftenfeel.

A.

happyB.

lonely

C.

free

D.excited

2.WhenyoufalldowninaPEclass,bothyourteacherandyourclassmateswill

A.laughat

you