2021屆徐水縣第一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期中試題及參考答案

2021屆徐水縣第一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)期中試題及參考答案第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)AThefollowing4famouspaintings,fromJanvanEyck’sportraittoPabloPicasso’smasterpiece,havestoodthetestoftime.TheArnolfiniPortraitJanvanEyck’sArnolfiniPortrait,anoilpaintingonwoodproducedin1434,isundoubtedlyoneofthemasterpiecesintheNationalGallery,London.Thispaintingisasvisuallyinterestingasitisfamed.Itisalsoaninformativedocumentonfifteenth-centurysociety,throughvanEyck’sheavyuseofsymbolism-whilehusbandswentouttoengageinbusiness,wivesconcernedthemselveswithdomesticduties.TheStarryNightVincentvanGoghpaintedTheStarryNight,oiloncanvas,amoderatelyabstractlandscapepaintingofanexpressivenightskyoverasmallhillsidevillage,duringhis12-monthstayatthementalhospitalnearSaint-Remy-de-Provence,Francebetween1889and1890.WhentheMuseumofModernArtinNewYorkCitypurchasedthepaintingfromaprivatecollectorin1941,itwasnotwellknown,butithassincebecomeoneofvanGogh'smostfamousworks.TheHarvestersTheHarvestersisanoilpaintingonwoodcompletedbyPieterBruegeltheElderin1565.ItdepictstheharvesttimewhichmostcommonlyoccurredwithinthemonthsofAugustandSeptember.NicolaesJonghelinck,amerchantbankerandartcollectorfromAntwerp,commissionedthispainting.ThepaintinghasbeenattheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCitysince1919.GuernicaGuernica,alargeblack-and-whiteoilpainting,waspaintedbytheCubistSpanishpainter,PabloPicassoin1937.Thetitle‘Guernica’referstothecitythatwasbombedbyNaziplanesduringtheSpanishCivilWar.Thepaintingdepictsthehorrorsofwarandasaresult,hascometobeananti-warsymbolandareminderofthetragediesofwar.Today,thepaintingishousedattheMuseoNationalCentrodeArteReinaSofiainMadrid.Whatdothefourpaintingshaveincommon?A.Theyareoilpaintings. B.TheyarekeptinNewYork.C.Theyshowdifferentpeople’slives.D.Theyarecreatedduring10thcenturyto19thcentury.WhatdoweknowaboutTheStarryNight?Itshowsthesceneryofasmallhillsidevillage.VanGoghproduceditwhenlivinginhishome.Aprivatecollectorgaveitawaytothemuseum.Itwasnotfamousbefore1941.Whosepaintingshowsthedestructionofwar?A.JanvanEyck. B.VincentvanGogh. C.PieterBruegel. D.PabloPicasso.BTheideaofgrowingfoodinadesertwouldmakemostpeoplelaughbutthisisquicklybecomingareality.Therearecurrentlytwodesertfarmsintheworldwherequalityvegetablesarebeingplantedcheaplyandeasily.SundropFarms,basedinSouthAustralia,usesexperimentalgreenhousestogrowtomatoes,peppersandcucumbers.Thebiggestchallengeofgrowingfoodinadesert,obviously,isthelackofavailablewater.TheresearchersatSundropFarmshavegottenaroundthisproblembyusingthesuntodesalinate（淡化）seawater.Itcanalsobeusedtocontrolthetemperatureofthegreenhouses.WithoutdependingonlimitedresourcessuchaslandandfreshwaterSundropFarmshasmadefarmingapractice.Thiscanincreasetheworld’sfoodsupplies.Anotherbenefitofthiskindoffarmingisthatitcanbedoneanywhere,thusreducingthecostsoftransportingfoodtodistantlocations.Yetanotherbenefitisthatitreducestheneedforpesticides（殺蟲劑）.AnotherexperimentaldesertfarmistheSaharaForestProject,whichbeganinQatarinDecember2012.Greenhousesinthefarmarecooledbysaltwater.Solarpowerandothertechnologiesareusedtogethertohelpmakevegetation（植被）growinthedesertenvironment.Asdesertshaveexpandedoverrecentyearsaroundtheworldduetoglobalwarming,thisprojectcouldsolvetheproblem.TheresultformtheQatarprojectwerebetterthanexpectedandinJuneof2014,Jordanagreedtohostanotherone.ThiswillbemuchbiggerthantheQatarprojectandtheprojectmemberswillhaveevenmoreopportunitiestotesttheirexperimentsonamuchlargerscale.Itisnotclearyetthatdesertfarmingresentsthefutureoffarmingbuttheseprojectshaveshownsomesuccessinthefield.Whatdoes“thisproblem”inparagraph2referto?Seawaterisbardtopurify.Thedesertisshortofwater.Thetemperatureishighinthedesert.Desertfarmsaren’tfittoplantvegetables.Whatisoneofthecharactersofdesertfarming?A.Itneedsmorepesticides. B.Itsavesdeliverycosts.C.Ithasalocationlimit. D.ItsolvesfoodwasteproblemsWhatcanweknowabouttheSabaraForestProject?ItlivesuptoexpectationsItcanhelpproducemorefoodItisstartedtopreventglobalwarmingItusestechnologytoproducesaltwaterWhatcanbeinferredaboutdesertfarmingfromthelastparagraph?Itstillhasproblemstosolve.Itrepresentsthefutureoffarming.Itsearlysuccesshasarousedinterestinit.Itsaimistocreatemorejobopportunities.CTheearlylifeofthegreenseaturtle（海龜）isfullofdanger.Onlyonein1,000babyseaturtlessurvivetoadulthood（成年）.Fromitshomeinthesand,itbreaksitseggwithaneggtooth.Itsmotherisnottheretohelpit.Instead,itisgreetedbycrabs,coyotes,anddogswaitingtoeatitfordinner.Tosurvive,thebabyturtlemusthideinthesanduntilnight.Then,itmovesslowlytothesea.Thesmallturtlemustswimhardtoreachtheoceanwaters.Inthesea,ittrieshardtofindfood.Itmustalsokeepitselffrombeingfoodforfish.Asdangerousastheseaturtle’slifeisinthenaturalworld,itsmostdangerousenemiesarehumans.Therubbishleftbyhumansintheoceancausesproblemsforthesmallgreenseaturtle.Alittleturtlemighteatapieceofplastic（塑料）inthesea.Itmightalsoeatoilontheocean’ssurface.Youngturtlesalsogetcaughtinfishingnets.Therearelawsagainsthuntingseaturtles.Still,manyarehunted,bothfortheirmeatandfortheirshells（殼）.Allofthesedangersmustbeprevented.Seaturtlesthatdosurvivetogrowintoadulthoodgothroughmanychanges.Forexample,adultgreenseaturtlesweighabout500pounds.Theystopeatingjellyfishandothermeatandeatonlyplants.Andtheymayplanatriptogobackhomeagain.Amotherseaturtlegoesbacktothebeachwhereshewasborn.Thisistheonlyplacewhereshewilllayeggs.Evenifithasbeenfortyyearssinceshewasababy,shealwaysknowsherwaybackhome.Whydobabyturtlesmovetotheseaatnight?Theydislikesunshine.Theypreferlowertemperatures.Theycanfindfoodeasilythen.Theyneedtoavoidenemies.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheyoungturtlesinParagraph3?A.Pitiful. B.Careless.C.Interesting. D.Courageous.Whatcanwelearnaboutseaturtles?Theymainlyfeedonfishandmeat.Theyalwaysproduceeggsattheirbirthplaces.Theycanliveforaroundfortyyears.Theyvisittheirbeachhomesseveraltimesayear.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Thehomesofgreenseaturtles.Howseaturtlesfindtheirfood.Thedangersfacedbyseaturtles.Howyoungturtlesbecomeadults.DDoyoueverlistentothesongsthatyourparentslike?Chancesarethatyoudon’t.Youprobablythinkthemusicthattheylikeisoldandboringandthatthesongsonyourplaylistaremuchcooler.Butscientistsfoundthatpeople’smusictastechangesastimegoesby.Soitislikelythatyourownmusicalpreferenceswillfollowasimilarpathtoyourparents’,whetheryoulikeitornot.Weusedtothinkthatcultureandpersonality（個(gè)性）aretheonlyreasonsfordifferentmusicchoices.ButresearchersattheUniversityofCambridgenoticedthataspeopleenterintodifferentagegroups,theirsocialenvironmentchanges,andsodoestheirmusictaste.Therearesomemusicalperiodsthatpeoplegothroughintheirlife.Thefirstperiodcomesintheteenageyears,duringwhichpeoplelikestrongmusicsuchaspunkandrock,becauseteenagerstendtobeaggressiveorwanttobeindependent.Butaspeoplemoveintoearlyadulthood,theirlifestyleschangetheywanttobuildcloserelationshipswithothers.Asaresult,theybecomefonderofcontemporarymusic,suchaspopandR&.B,whichisusuallyupliftinganddanceable.Whenmiddleagecomes,mostpeoplehavesettleddown.Duringthisperiod,peopleprefermusic,suchasjazzandclassical,aswellasmusiclikecountry,folkandblues.Asforoldpeople,theypreferoldsongsintheirchildhoods.Theygenerallylistentorelaxingmusic,suchascountrymusicandjazzmusic.Butyoumustbequestioning.“Aren’tthereoldpeoplewhoarestillinterestedinorevencrazyaboutrockmusic?”O(jiān)fcoursethereare.Buttheirreasonsforlisteningtorockmusicmayhavechanged.Atthatagepeoplemaylistentoremindthemselvesoftheiryouth.Whatdoyoungpeopleusuallythinkofthesongstheirparentsenjoy?A.Theyareactuallylesscool. B.Theyareworthlisteningto.C.Theyareespeciallyserious. D.Theyarehardtounderstand.Howmanymusicalperiodsaretherethatpeoplegothroughintheirlife?A.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.Peoplewhowanttomakefriendsmostlyprefer .A.jazzmusic B.countrymusicC.rockmusic D.popmusicWhatisthebesttitleforthetext?PeopleHaveDifferentOpinionsonMusicPeopleListentoMusicfortheSameReasonPeople’sTasteinMusicChangeswithTimePeople’sLifestyleCanBeChangedbyMusic第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)IfIcouldofferyouamagicdrugthatwouldmakeyouhappier,healthier,moreoptimisticandmoreproductive,andcostnothingandwillrequireverylittleeffort,wouldyoubeinterested？Ofcourseyouwould！Sciencetellsusthatan“attitudeofgratitude”isagoodhealthchoice.___16___Andgratituderequireslittletimeandnomoney.Butwhycangratitudeimproveourproductivityandresults？___17___Welearntheimportanceofsaying“thankyou”aslittlechildren.Thischildhoodlessonisextremelyofgreatuse.___18___Howdoyoufeelaboutthem?Doestheirappreciationpositivelyimpactyourrelationwiththem?Ofcourseitdoes!Sobegratefulforpeople,theircontributionsandtheiractionsandmakesureyouletthemknowhowyoufeel.Gratitudeimprovesproblemsolvingskills.Toooftenwelookatproblemsolvingwithaveryboredorexhaustedview.___19___Wealsoenteraproblemsolvingsituationwithaperspectiveofpavementandopportunityratherthanchallengeorissue.Gratitudehelpsuslearn.Everydarkcloudhasasilverlining.Behindeveryproblemliesanopportunity. 20 So,themoreawareandgratefulweareofwhatwehaveandourcapabilities,themorecapableandelectivewebecomeinliving.Gratitudeimprovesattitudes.Gratitudeimprovesrelationships.Beingmoregratefuloftenmakesushappierandmoreoptimistic.Thinkaboutthosepeoplethatyouknowwhoaremostappreciativeofyou.Gratefulpeopleexperiencefewerachesandpainsandreportfeelinghealthierthanotherpeople.However,whenwethinkaboutwhatwearegratefulfor,weopenourmindsuptonewpossibilitiesandconnections.Beinggratefulforoursituation,evenifwedon’tlikeeverythingaboutit,allowsustobethankfulforopportunitytolearnsomethingnew.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)Weboughtamicrowavelastweek.Thismaynotseemlikebig___21___,butwe’veneverownedonebefore.InaNewYorkCitykitchenwithsmallcounterspace,acubicfootisfartoo___22___todeserveoccupationbyasingleappliance.Buttheconvenienceofheatingfood___23___finallyoutweighedtheconvenienceofspace.Sothisisabetter___24___forus.Ihave___25___thattherearedifferenttypesofchoiceswegetinlife.Thefirstisthegoodvs.goodvariety.Thatis,bothchoiceswill___26___us.Whichflavoroficecreamtastesbetter?Whichcardoyou___27___?Whicheveroptionweselect,theworstoutcomeisthatour___28___isn’toptimized（使最優(yōu)化）.Notaproblem.Nextupisgoodvs.bad.Thesechoicesareeither___29___orincrediblyhard.Oftenweneedtochoosebetweenshort-termpleasureandlong-termgood.Whatfeelsthebesttodaymaybe___30___fiveyearsfromnow,andwhat’sthehardestatthemomentmaybewhat’soptimalforthefuture.Goodvs.badchoices___31___insight（洞察力）andstickingtoour___32___.Finallythere’stheleast-worstoptionsituation,whereeverypossibilityis___33___,andwehaveto___34___whichisleastharmful.Dowechoosethedangerousoperationorlikely___35___?Inwhichpoorneighborhooddoweraiseourkids?Sometimeswehavetofacemany___36___ofthissortandwemustmakeachoice.Mymicrowavepurchase___37___fallsinthegoodvs.goodcategory___38___Ihadtheprivilegeofweighingoneconvenienceagainstanotherandmakingachoice.ThoughInowworkaroundthemonsterpresenceinmymini-kitchen,I___39__thebenefitsitoffers.Facinginconvenienceisnotaproblem;howyoubehave___40___.21.A.newsB.changeC.lossD.trouble22.A.commonB.spaciousC.preciousD.hard23.A.freelyB.effectivelyC.quietlyD.quickly24.A.chanceB.choiceC.planD.life25.A.noticedB.agreedC.doubtedD.admitted26.A.affectB.confuseC.benefitD.inspire27.A.hateB.preferC.acceptD.make28.A.pleasureB.experienceC.timeD.fund29.A.reasonableB.effortlessC.rightD.wise30.A.comfortableB.harmfulC.dangerousD.important31.A.turnoverB.putonC.callforD.takeup32.A.routinesB.dreamsC.habitsD.values33.A.painfulB.uselessC.helpfulD.unnecessary34.A.explainB.showC.decideD.guess35.A.deathB.recoveryC.survivalD.injury36.A.opportunitiesB.debates C.dilemmasD.barriers37.A.hopefullyB.finallyC.nearlyD.clearly38.A.butB.ifC.although D.because39.A.stressB.enjoyC.ignoreD.predict40.A.worksB.succeedsC.failsD.matters第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式ThedynastyfollowingSuiistheTangDynasty(618-907).Itsfirstemperor(皇帝)was41.officerofSui.HeandtheotherrulersofTanglearnedfromthe___42.___(fail)ofSuiandruledtheircountryintheoppositeway.Theyhelda___43.___(good)attitudetowardsthepeopleandtheneighboringcountriesthanbefore.Thiscouldbeshownbythousandsofpoemsofdifferentstyles___44.___(write)duringthisperiodoftime.The200yearsafterTangwasagainatimeofdivisioncalledtheFiveDynastiesandTenKingdomsPeriod(907-960).Itwasnamed___45.___thefivedynastiesinthenorthandthetenkingdomsinthesouth.Thisperiodoftime___46.___(end)bytheSongDynasty(960-1279).However,Songwasveryweakinpowerandwasalwaysinvadedbyits___47.___(neighbor).Itwas 48. (final)replacedbytheYuanDynasty(1206-1368)foundedbytheMongolians.Yuanwasthefirstperiodoftime___49.___thewholeChinawasruledbytheminority.TheMongolia