英語(yǔ)中考備考八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Modules10～12

八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Modules10～12Ⅰ.單詞記憶【核心速記】1._____(v.)滑冰2._____(adj.)厚的3.____(v.)說笑話;開玩笑

(n.)笑話;玩笑4.___________(n.)溫度5.______(n.)度;度數(shù)skatethickjoketemperaturedegree6.________(conj.)然而;盡管7._______(adv.)(某人或某事物)也不8.____(v.)但愿;希望9._________(n.)筷子10._____(v.)有……的味道;(n.)味道;滋味11.__________(n.)經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)驗(yàn)12._______(v.)想象,設(shè)想13._______(n.)問題;煩惱;困難althoughneitherwishchopsticktasteexperienceimaginetrouble14._____(v.)警告;告誡15._____(v.)保持;留在16._____(adj.)勇敢的;無(wú)畏的warnkeepbrave【構(gòu)詞串記】1.cloud(n.)→______(adj.)多云的2.sun(n.)→______(adj.)晴朗的3.snow(n.&v.)→______(adj.)多雪的;下雪的4.thin(adj.)→_____(反義詞adj.)厚的5.surprise(n.&v.)→_________(adj.)感到驚訝的→_________(adj.)令人驚訝的6.break(v.)→_______(adj.)破碎的7.medicine(n.)→_______(adj.)醫(yī)學(xué)的cloudysunnysnowythicksurprisedsurprisingbrokenmedical8.harm(n.)→________(adj.)有害的9.train(v.)

→_______(n.)訓(xùn)練;培訓(xùn)10.help(n.)

→_______(adj.)有用的harmfultraininghelpfulⅡ.短語(yǔ)快譯1.快點(diǎn)come___2.例如___example3.首次;初次___thefirsttime4.在……的底部__thebottomof...5.抬起;提起lift___6.確保;確認(rèn)make____7.有時(shí);間或_____time__time8.一副國(guó)際象棋a_____setonforforatupsurefromtochess9.急救____aid10.疼痛in____11.總之in_____12.不和……接觸keep_______...firstpainshortclearofⅢ.句式填寫1.美國(guó)冬天的天氣怎么樣?_______theweather____inAmericainwinter?2.在過春節(jié)的這個(gè)月里,你最好不要理發(fā)。_______________haveyourhair___duringtheSpringFestivalmonth.3.首先,看看他怎么了。Firstofall,findout________________him.What’slikeYou’dbetternotcutwhat’swrongwith4.但是他有可能很難聽到你說話或者和你對(duì)話。Buthe_____havetrouble_______youor________toyou.5.那是如此好的建議,以至于你可能成為一名醫(yī)生。That’s____goodadvice____youcouldbeadoctor.couldhearingspeakingsuchthat【即時(shí)基礎(chǔ)小測(cè)】Ⅰ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫出下列單詞1.Whata_____(勇敢的)boy!Herushedintothefireandsavedababy.2.—Mayweskateontheice,MrSmith?—No,it’stoodangerous.Theiceisn’t_____(厚)enough.3.—Ihave_______(困難)inlearningEnglish.—Don’tworry.Iwillhelpyouwithit.bravethicktrouble4.Theteachergaveusalotof_______(有用的)booksinmaths.5.MrBlackisanoldprofessorwithlotsof__________(經(jīng)驗(yàn)).6.Mysisterstudiesata_______(醫(yī)學(xué)的)college.helpfulexperiencemedicalⅡ.根據(jù)提示寫出下列詞組或句型1.——你怎么啦?你看上去臉色蒼白。——我感覺不舒服?！猒________________you?Youlookpale.—Ifeelterrible.2.在你交試卷之前,確保沒有錯(cuò)誤。_________there’snomistakebeforeyouhandinyourpaper.3.他是如此好的一個(gè)男孩以至于每個(gè)人都喜歡他。Heis____agoodboy____everyonelikeshim.4.我們應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離火,因?yàn)樗芪ｋU(xiǎn)。Weshould____________fire,becauseit’sverydangerous.What’swrongwithMakesuresuchthatkeepclearof考點(diǎn)一:althoughconj.然而;盡管【詞義辨析】although,though與but的辨析although用作連詞,意為“雖然”,比though更加正式,語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)although引導(dǎo)的從句放在主句前后均可。although不能與but連用,但可以和yet,still連用though用作連詞,意為“雖然;盡管”,放在句首、句末均可。用作副詞,放在句末,意為“可是,不過”用于短語(yǔ),asthough“好像,仿佛”;eventhough“即使,縱然”but并列連詞,意為“但是”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】(2014·賀州中考)

Bobisverytall,

hecan’tplaybasketball.A./;but

B.Although;butC.Because;soD./;although【解析】選A?？疾檫B詞的用法。句意:鮑勃

個(gè)子很高,

他不能打籃球。but但是,不與although連用,表示與前句之間的轉(zhuǎn)折;although雖然,表示讓步,不與but連用,because因?yàn)?不與so連用。結(jié)合句意,故選A?？键c(diǎn)二:neitheradv.(某人或某事物)也不【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】neither的四種詞性副詞置于句首,用倒裝語(yǔ)序。neither+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ),意為“……也不……”,前面一句應(yīng)為否定句代詞

(1)常與of連用,neitherof+代詞/名詞復(fù)數(shù)

(2)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形容詞

(1)用在單數(shù)名詞前

(2)與其所修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)連詞

(1)與nor構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)neither...nor,意為“既不……也不……”,連接兩個(gè)并列成分表示否定,反義短語(yǔ)為both...and...,連接同等成分表示肯定

(2)連接主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”

(1)—Idon’tlikethisbook.我不喜歡這本書?！狽either/NordoI.我也不喜歡。

(2)—Whichonewouldyoulike?你喜歡哪一個(gè)?—Neither.兩個(gè)都不喜歡。

(3)NeitherboylikesEnglish.兩個(gè)男孩都不喜歡英語(yǔ)。

(4)Heisneitherfatnorthin.他既不胖也不瘦。【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2015·上海中考)Iamnotgoodatplayingbadminton.Garyisn’t,either.(合并為一句)_______Gary____Iamgoodatplayingbadminton.②Neitheryounorshe______(know)it.Neithernorknows考點(diǎn)三:comeon快點(diǎn)【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)comeon用于口語(yǔ)中,用來督促,鼓勵(lì),使繼續(xù)努力,不泄氣,意為“快點(diǎn)!加油!”(2)和come有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①—I’mreallytired.Ihavetostoprunning.—________(加油),Jim.Youcanmakeit.②Ifyouworkhard,I’msurethatyourdreamwill_________(實(shí)現(xiàn)).

Comeoncometrue考點(diǎn)四:tastev.有……的味道n.味道;滋味【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】【溫馨提示】

其他的和taste有類似用法的感官動(dòng)詞有:look(看起來),sound(聽起來),smell(聞起來),feel(摸起來)等。【圖解助記】【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2014·樂山中考)—Ican’tstandthesmellofthestinkingtofu.—Wouldyouliketohaveatry?It

quitedelicious!A.looks

B.sounds

C.tastes【解析】選C?？疾橄祫?dòng)詞的辨析。后兩句句意:你想嘗試一下嗎?它嘗起來很美味。look“看起來”;sound“聽起來”;taste“嘗起來”;由上下文可知,本句中的it是指stinkingtofu這種食物,故應(yīng)用taste“嘗起來”一詞。

②(2014·河北中考)Momismakingdinner.It

sonice!A.smells

B.tastes

C.feels

D.sounds【解析】選A?？疾楦泄賱?dòng)詞的用法。句意:媽媽正在做晚飯。飯聞起來很香!smell聞起來;taste嘗起來;feel感覺起來;sound聽起來。故選A。考點(diǎn)五:troublen.問題;煩惱;困難【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】trouble的兩種詞性名詞“煩惱,困難”,通常是不可數(shù)名詞DoyouhavetroubleinlearningEnglish?你在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)上有困難嗎?動(dòng)詞“(使)煩惱”“麻煩”“費(fèi)心”MayItroubleyoutopassmethesalt?請(qǐng)把鹽遞給我好嗎?【歸納拓展】與trouble有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)【一言辨異】Donottroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.不要自找麻煩。【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①—Ihavegreat_______in________(learn)physicsandIamworried.Couldyouhelpme?—Sure,I’dbegladto.②我們應(yīng)該盡力幫助陷入困境的人。Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthepeople_________.

troublelearningintrouble考點(diǎn)六:keepv.保持;留在【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】【歸納拓展】與keep有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)

(1)keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事

(2)keep(sb.)away(fromsth.)(使)某人離開(某物)(3)keep(on)doingsth.繼續(xù)做某事

(4)keepupwith跟上,不落在后面

(5)keepintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系

(6)keepapet飼養(yǎng)一個(gè)寵物

(7)keepsb./sth.out(ofsth.)不讓某人/物入內(nèi)

(8)keepoff遠(yuǎn)離,避開,讓開【溫馨提示】keep還可以當(dāng)“借”講,可以和一段時(shí)間連用,而borrow則不可以和一段時(shí)間連用。Iborrowedabookfromthelibraryyesterday,andIcankeepitfortwoweeks.昨天我從圖書館借了一本書,我可以借兩周的時(shí)間。【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2014·達(dá)州中考)圖書管理員告訴我,這本書我能借一周。ThelibrariantoldmethatIcould_____thisbookfor_____days.②It’simportantforustokeep_______(health).

keepsevenhealthy考點(diǎn)七:makesure確保;確認(rèn)【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】makesure的同義短語(yǔ)為besurebesure+of/about動(dòng)名詞或名詞“確信……”;“對(duì)……有把握”besuretodo表示說話人對(duì)句子主語(yǔ)作出的判斷,認(rèn)為句子主語(yǔ)“必定”“必然會(huì)”“準(zhǔn)會(huì)”besuretodo(祈使句)不是表示判斷,而是表示對(duì)對(duì)方的要求,意為“務(wù)必要”“一定要”make/besure+賓語(yǔ)從句表示主句主語(yǔ)對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句中涉及的事物所作出的判斷,意為“確信某事一定會(huì)……”【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①Theseoperationscanmakesure

.A.toyoursafety

B.ofyoursafetyC.thatyou’resafetyD.toyousafe【解析】選B。考查makesure短語(yǔ)。句意:這些操作可以確保你的安全。makesure后可跟of短語(yǔ)或that從句,由此可以排除A、D兩項(xiàng);C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤在于系動(dòng)詞后不可用safety。故選B。②請(qǐng)務(wù)必盡快完成。Besure_______(finish)itassoonaspossible.tofinish【備選要點(diǎn)】考點(diǎn)一:experiencen.經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)驗(yàn)【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】experience的兩種詞性【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2013·山西中考)InApril,theweatherinsomeplacesinShanxiwasreallychangeable.Peoplestillremembertheyhave

fourseasonsinaweek.A.organizedB.experienced

C.described【解析】選B。考查詞義辨析。句意:四月份山西一些地方的天氣是多變的。人們?nèi)匀挥浀盟麄冊(cè)谝粋€(gè)星期經(jīng)歷四個(gè)季節(jié)。②—MrLiwassenttoteachChineseinanAmericanhighschoollastyear.—Yes,Iknow.Hetoldmehewouldneverforgethispleasant

whileworkingthere.A.experimentsB.expressionsC.experiencesD.explorations【解析】選C。考查詞義辨析。句意:——去年李老師被派到美國(guó)的一所高中教中文。——是的,我知道。他告訴我他將永遠(yuǎn)忘不了在那工作的愉快經(jīng)歷。experiment實(shí)驗(yàn);expression表情,表達(dá);experience經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗(yàn);exploration探險(xiǎn);探索。故選C?？键c(diǎn)二:imaginev.想象;設(shè)想【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)imaginesth.想象某事

(2)imagine(sb/sb’s)doing想象

(某人)做某事

(3)imaginesb./sth.(tobe)adj./as+n.后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),即賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)通常是由不定式

(tobe)加形容詞或as加名詞構(gòu)成的。

(4)imagine+賓語(yǔ)從句Wecannotimaginelifewithoutanyhardships.我們不能想象沒有任何坎坷的生活。

【溫馨提示】imagine后跟否定意義的賓語(yǔ)從句,而且主句的主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí),否定詞要移到主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面

(即否定前移)。Ididn’timaginethatIwouldbecomeawriterinmychildhood.在孩提時(shí)代,我并沒有想過自己會(huì)成為一名作家?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①TheInternetissocloselyconnectedwithourdailylife.Canyou

alifewithoutit?A.understandB.imagineC.considerD.expect【解析】選B?？疾樵~義辨析。句意:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與我們的日常生活如此密切相關(guān)。你能想象一下沒有它的生活嗎?understand理解;imagine想象;consider考慮,認(rèn)為;expect期望,指望。②Icanimaginehowtheaccidenthappened.(改為否定句)______________________________________③Canyouimagine_____(live)withoutacomputer?Ican’timaginehowtheaccidenthappened.living考點(diǎn)三:warnv.警告;告誡【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)warnsb.(not)todosth.警告某人

(不要)做某事

(2)warnsb.of/aboutsth.提醒、警告某人注意某事

(3)warnsb.against(doing)sth.警告某人不做某事

(4)warn后接從句,that常省略【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①(2014·咸陽(yáng)中考)—What’sthemostimportantmorningnewsonCCTVtoday?—TheChinesegovernmentwarnedJapan

doharmtoChina’sterritorialsovereignty(領(lǐng)土主權(quán))againandagain.A.tonot

B.didn’t

C.notto

D.donot【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意:——今天最重要的早間新聞是什么?——中國(guó)政府反復(fù)警告日本不要侵犯中國(guó)的領(lǐng)土主權(quán)。warnsb.nottodosth.警告某人不要干某事,故選C。②地震總是發(fā)生得很突然,所以很難給予人們預(yù)警。Earthquakesalwayshappensuddenly,soitisdifficultto_____people________them.warnabout/of考點(diǎn)四:

You’dbetternothaveyourhaircutduringtheSpringFestivalmonth.在過春節(jié)的這個(gè)月里,你最好不要理發(fā)?！局R(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)hadbetter(常簡(jiǎn)略為’dbetter)是固定詞組,hadbetter“最好”,用于表示對(duì)別人的勸告、建議或表示一種愿望。hadbetter后面必須跟動(dòng)詞原形,即hadbetterdosth.“最好做某事”,否定句式為:hadbetternotdosth.“最好不要做某事”。

(2)get/have+sth.+過去分詞意為“使某事被做,讓/請(qǐng)別人做某事”,其中sth.是動(dòng)作的承受對(duì)象,done是過去分詞表示被動(dòng)?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】①—Simon,whatdoIneedtotakeforthehiking?—You’dbetter____(take)morewaterthanusual.It’shottoday.

take②(2014·重慶中考)You’dbetter

Oliveraboutit.It’sasecret.A.tell

B.totell

C.nottell

D.nottotell【解析】選C?？疾楣潭ù钆?。句意:你最好不要告訴Oliver。這是秘密。hadbetter(not)dosth.最好做(不做)某事。根據(jù)secret可知選C。③HewantedtohavehisTV________(repair).repaired考點(diǎn)五:What’swrongwithsb.?某人怎么了?【知識(shí)構(gòu)建】(1)What’swrongwith...?……怎么了?通常用于詢問某人/事物出了什么毛病。

(2)同義句型有:What’sthematter/trouble/problemwithsb.?What’ssb.’strouble?What’supwithsb.?Whathappenedtosb.?【歸納拓展】(1)賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序要用陳述句語(yǔ)序,即按照主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)的順序。What’swrongwith...里的what是作主語(yǔ),所以它在賓語(yǔ)從句中語(yǔ)序不變。

(2)What’sthematter?Whathappenedtoyou?里的what都是作主語(yǔ),句子都是陳述語(yǔ)序,所以,在賓語(yǔ)從句中都不需要改變語(yǔ)序。

(3)Whatisyourtrouble?中疑問詞作表語(yǔ),句子是倒裝語(yǔ)序,在賓語(yǔ)從句中需要改變語(yǔ)序。【對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】(2013·武漢中考)—Tellme

.—Well,it’slike...A.whatiswrongwithitB.whatisitC.whatthematteriswithitD.whatisitlike【解析】選A?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句及交際用語(yǔ)。——句意:告訴我它怎么啦?——喔,它就像……。whatiswrongwith...?……怎么了?該句式本身就是主謂語(yǔ)序,what作主語(yǔ),在賓語(yǔ)從句中語(yǔ)序不變?！炯磿r(shí)考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練】Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—What’swrongwithyou?—

.A.It’srightB.I’msorryC.IlikesometeaD.Ihaveacold2.(2015·宜賓中考)Itis

abeautifulgarden

weliketoplayinit.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.very;that3.Jiaozitastes

.I’dliketohavemore.A.wellB.nice

C.badly

D.terribly4.(2014·臺(tái)州中考)Mymotherpreferstotakeabustoheroffice

shehasacaronherown.A.ifB.becauseC.althoughD.untilⅡ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Youcouldasktheteacherforhelpwhenyouhavetroublein________(learn)English.