愛倫坡英文介紹

EdgarAllanPoe——0805359213寢室2021/5/91Born:January19,1809)

Boston,Massachusetts,U.S.Died:October7,1849)(aged

40)

Baltimore,Maryland,U.S.Nationality:AmericanSpouse(s):VirginiaElizaClemmPoeEdgarAllanPoe2021/5/92EdgarAllanPoewasanAmericanauthor,poet,editorandliterarycritic,consideredpartoftheAmericanRomanticMovement.Bestknownforhistalesofmysteryandthemacabre,PoewasoneoftheearliestAmericanpractitionersoftheshortstoryandisconsideredtheinventorofthedetectivefictiongenre.Heisfurthercreditedwithcontributingtotheemerginggenreofsciencefiction.Achievement2021/5/93AllanPoewasthefirstwell-knownAmericanwritertotrytoearnalivingthroughwritingalone,resultinginafinanciallydifficultlifeandcareer.HewasorphanedyoungandwastakeninbyJohnandFrancesAllan,buttheyneverformallyadoptedhim.HeattendedtheUniversityofVirginiaforonesemesterbutleftduetolackofmoney.Hispublishingcareerbeganhumbly,withananonymouscollectionofpoems,TamerlaneandOtherPoems(1827),creditedonlyto"aBostonian".Life2021/5/94AssessmentPoewasacomplexperson,tormentedandalcoholicyetalsoconsiderateandhumorous,agoodfriend,andanaffectionatehusband.Indeed,hispainfullife,hisneuroticattractiontointensebeauty,violenthorror,anddeath,andhissenseoftheworldofdreamscontributedtohisgreatnessasawriter.Suchcompellingstoriesas“TheMasqueoftheRedDeath”and“TheFalloftheHouseofUsher”involvethereaderinauniversethatisatoncebeautifulandgrotesque,realandfantastic.

2021/5/95Hispoems(including“ToHelen,”“TheRaven,”“TheCityintheSea,”“TheBells,”and“AnnabelLee”)arerichwithmusicalphrasesandsensuous,attimesfrightening,images.Poewasalsoanintelligentandwittycriticwhooftentheorizedabouttheartofwriting.Theanalyticalmindhebroughttocriticismisevidentalsoinhisfamousstoriesofratiocination,notably“TheMurdersintheRueMorgue”and“ThePurloinedLetter.”PoeinfluencedsuchdiverseauthorsasSwinburne,Tennyson,Dostoyevsky,ConanDoyle,andtheFrenchsymbolists.

2021/5/96PoeandhisworksinfluencedliteratureintheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld,aswellasinspecializedfields,suchascosmologyandcryptography.Poeandhisworkappearthroughoutpopularcultureinliterature,music,films,andtelevision.Anumberofhishomesarededicatedmuseumstoday.Influence2021/5/97SelectedListofWorksPoetryTalesOtherworks2021/5/98Tamerlane帖木兒TheRaven烏鴉Lenore麗諾爾AlAaraaf阿爾阿拉夫TheBells鐘Eldorado黃金國ToHelen致海倫AnnabelLee安娜貝爾·李TheCityintheSea海中之城TheHauntedPalace鬧鬼的宮殿TheConquerorWorm征服者爬蟲Sonnet—ToScience十四行詩——致科學Ulalume—ABallad尤娜路姆——一首歌謠ADreamWithinADream夢中之夢

Poetry2021/5/99Tales“TheBlackCat”黑貓"TheCaskofAmontillado"一桶蒙特亞白葡萄酒“TheFalloftheHouseofUsher”厄舍古屋的倒塌“TheGold-Bug”金甲蟲“Hop-Frog”跳蛙“TheImpofthePerverse”反常之魔"Ligeia"麗姬婭“TheMasqueoftheRedDeath”紅死魔的假面舞會"TheMurdersintheRueMorgue"莫格街謀殺案

ATaleoftheRaggedMountains凹凸山的故事TheTell-taleHeart泄密的心2021/5/910OtherWorksPolitian(1835)–Poe‘sonlyplay波利希安TheNarrativeofArthurGordonPymofNantucket(1838)–Poe'sonlycompletenovel阿·戈·皮姆的故事

“TheBalloon-Hoax”(1844)–Ajournalistichoaxprintedasatruestory氣球騙局“ThePhilosophyofComposition”(1846)–Essay寫作的哲學Eureka:AProsePoem(1848)–Essay我發(fā)現(xiàn)了：一首散文詩“ThePoeticPrinciple”(1848)–Essay詩歌原理"TheLight-House"(1849)–Poe'slastincompletework光之塔2021/5/911TheRavenIttakesPoe4yearstocomplete“TheRaven”Topicofthepoem:death:“thedeathofabeautifulwomanis,unquestionably,themostpoeticintheworld”→asenseofmelancholyoverthedeathofabelovedbeautifulyoungwomanMoodofthepersona:melancholic,sorrowful,evendesperate

2021/5/912SettingofthePoemmidnight:atimeassociatedwiththeendoflifebleakDecember:aseasonassociatedwiththeendoflifetheroom:warmedandlightedby“dyingembers”,associatedwiththesupernaturalthepurplecurtains:acolorassociatedwithFunerealcustom2021/5/913TheRaven烏鴉byEdgarAllanPoeOnceuponamidnightdreary,whileIponderedweakandweary,Overmanyaquaintandcuriousvolumeofforgottenlore,WhileInodded,nearlynapping,suddenlytherecameatapping,Asofsomeonegentlyrapping,rappingatmychamberdoor.`'Tissomevisitor,'Imuttered,`tappingatmychamberdoor–Onlythis,andnothingmore.'

從前一個陰郁的子夜，我獨自沉思，慵懶疲竭，沉思許多古怪而離奇、早已被人遺忘的傳聞——當我開始打盹，幾乎入睡，突然傳來一陣輕擂，仿佛有人在輕輕叩擊，輕輕叩擊我的房門?！坝腥藖砹?，”我輕聲嘟喃，“正在叩擊我的房門——唯此而已，別無他般?！?021/5/914Ah,distinctlyIrememberitwasinthebleakDecember,Andeachseparatedyingemberwroughtitsghostuponthefloor.EagerlyIwishedthemorrow;-vainlyIhadsoughttoborrowFrommybookssurceaseofsorrow-sorrowforthelostLenore–FortherareandradiantmaidenwhomtheangelsnamedLenore–Namelesshereforevermore.哦，我清楚地記得那是在蕭瑟的十二月；

每一團奄奄一息的余燼都形成陰影伏在地板。

我當時真盼望翌日；——因為我已經枉費心機

想用書來消除悲哀——消除因失去麗諾爾的悲嘆——

因那被天使叫作麗諾爾的少女，她美麗嬌艷——

在這兒卻默默無聞，直至永遠。

2021/5/915AndthesilkensaduncertainrustlingofeachpurplecurtainThrilledme-filledmewithfantasticterrorsneverfeltbefore;Sothatnow,tostillthebeatingofmyheart,Istoodrepeating`'Tissomevisitorentreatingentranceatmychamberdoor–Somelatevisitorentreatingentranceatmychamberdoor;-Thisitis,andnothingmore,'那柔軟、暗淡、颯颯飄動的每一塊紫色窗布

使我心中充滿前所未有的恐怖——我毛骨驚然；

為平息我心兒停跳．我站起身反復叨念

“這是有人想進屋，在叩我的房門——。

更深夜半有人想進屋，在叩我的房門；——

唯此而已，別無他般。”

2021/5/916Presentlymysoulgrewstronger;hesitatingthennolonger,`Sir,'saidI,`orMadam,trulyyourforgivenessIimplore;ButthefactisIwasnapping,andsogentlyyoucamerapping,Andsofaintlyyoucametapping,tappingatmychamberdoor,ThatIscarcewassureIheardyou'-hereIopenedwidethedoor;-Darknessthere,andnothingmore.很快我的心變得堅強；不再猶疑，不再彷徨，

“先生，”我說，“或夫人，我求你多多包涵；

剛才我正睡意昏昏，而你來敲門又那么輕，

你來敲門又那么輕，輕輕叩擊我的房門，

我差點以為沒聽見你”——說著我拉開門扇；——

唯有黑夜，別無他般。

2021/5/917Deepintothatdarknesspeering,longIstoodtherewondering,fearing,Doubting,dreamingdreamsnomortaleverdaredtodreambeforeButthesilencewasunbroken,andthedarknessgavenotoken,Andtheonlywordtherespokenwasthewhisperedword,`Lenore!'ThisIwhispered,andanechomurmuredbacktheword,`Lenore!'Merelythisandnothingmore.凝視著夜色幽幽，我站在門邊驚懼良久，

疑惑中似乎夢見從前沒人敢夢見的夢幻；

可那未被打破的寂靜，沒顯示任何跡象。

“麗諾爾？”便是我囁嚅念叨的唯一字眼，

我念叨“麗諾爾！”，回聲把這名字輕輕送還，

唯此而已，別無他般。

2021/5/918Backintothechamberturning,allmysoulwithinmeburning,SoonagainIheardatappingsomewhatlouderthanbefore.`Surely,'saidI,`surelythatissomethingatmywindowlattice;Letmeseethen,whatthereatis,andthismysteryexplore–Letmyheartbestillamomentandthismysteryexplore;-'Tisthewindandnothingmore!'我轉身回到房中，我的整個心燒灼般疼痛，

很快我又聽到叩擊聲，比剛才聽起來明顯。

“肯定，”我說，“肯定有什么在我的窗欞；

讓我瞧瞧是什么在那里，去把那秘密發(fā)現(xiàn)——

讓我的心先鎮(zhèn)靜一會兒，去把那秘密發(fā)現(xiàn)；——

那不過是風，別無他般！”

2021/5/919OpenhereIflungtheshutter,when,withmanyaflirtandflutter,Intheresteppedastatelyravenofthesaintlydaysofyore.Nottheleastobeisancemadehe;notaminutestoppedorstayedhe;But,withmienoflordorlady,perchedabovemychamberdoor–PercheduponabustofPallasjustabovemychamberdoor–Perched,andsat,andnothingmore.我猛然推開窗戶，心兒撲撲直跳就像打鼓，

一只神圣往昔的健壯烏鴉慢慢走進我房間；

它既沒向我致意問候；也沒有片刻的停留；

而以紳士淑女的風度，棲在我房門的上面——

棲在我房門上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面——

棲坐在那兒，僅如此這般。

2021/5/920Thenthisebonybirdbeguilingmysadfancyintosmiling,Bythegraveandsterndecorumofthecountenanceitwore,`Thoughthycrestbeshornandshaven,thou,'Isaid,`artsurenocraven.Ghastlygrimandancientravenwanderingfromthenightlyshore–TellmewhatthylordlynameisontheNight'sPlutonianshore!'Quoththeraven,`Nevermore.'于是這只黑鳥把我悲傷的幻覺哄騙成微笑，

以它那老成持重一本正經溫文爾雅的容顏，

“雖然冠毛被剪除，”我說，“但你肯定不是懦夫，

你這幽靈般可怕的古鴉，漂泊來自夜的彼岸——

請告訴我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府陰間！”

烏鴉答日“永不復還。”

2021/5/921MuchImarvelledthisungainlyfowltoheardiscoursesoplainly,Thoughitsanswerlittlemeaning-littlerelevancybore;ForwecannothelpagreeingthatnolivinghumanbeingEveryetwasblessedwithseeingbirdabovehischamberdoor–Birdorbeastabovethesculpturedbustabovehischamberdoor,Withsuchnameas`Nevermore.'聽見如此直率的回答，我驚嘆這丑陋的烏鴉，

雖說它的回答不著邊際——與提問幾乎無關；

因為我們不得不承認，從來沒有活著的世人

曾如此有幸地看見一只鳥棲在他房門的面——

鳥或獸棲在他房間門上方的半身雕像上面，

有這種名字“永不復還?！?/p>

2021/5/922Buttheraven,sittinglonelyontheplacidbust,spokeonly,Thatoneword,asifhissoulinthatonewordhedidoutpour.Nothingfurtherthenheuttered-notafeatherthenhefluttered–TillIscarcelymorethanmuttered`Otherfriendshaveflownbefore–Onthemorrowwillheleaveme,asmyhopeshaveflownbefore.'Thenthebirdsaid,`Nevermore.'但那只獨棲于肅穆的半身雕像上的烏鴉只說了

這一句話，仿佛它傾瀉靈魂就用那一個字眼。

然后它便一聲不吭——也不把它的羽毛拍動——

直到我?guī)缀跏遣覆缸哉Z“其他朋友早已消散——

明晨它也將離我而去——如同我的希望已消散?！?/p>

這時那鳥說“永不復還?！?/p>

2021/5/923Startledatthestillnessbrokenbyreplysoaptlyspoken,`Doubtless,'saidI,`whatituttersisitsonlystockandstore,CaughtfromsomeunhappymasterwhomunmercifuldisasterFollowedfastandfollowedfastertillhissongsoneburdenbore–TillthedirgesofhishopethatmelancholyburdenboreOf"Never-nevermore."'驚異于那死寂漠漠被如此恰當的回話打破，

“肯定，”我說，“這句話是它唯一的本錢，

從它不幸動主人那兒學未。一連串無情飛災

曾接踵而至，直到它主人的歌中有了這字眼——

直到他希望的挽歌中有了這個憂傷的字眼

‘永不復還，永不復還。’”

2021/5/924Buttheravenstillbeguilingallmysadsoulintosmiling,StraightIwheeledacushionedseatinfrontofbirdandbustanddoor;Then,uponthevelvetsinking,IbetookmyselftolinkingFancyuntofancy,thinkingwhatthisominousbirdofyore–Whatthisgrim,ungainly,gaunt,andominousbirdofyoreMeantincroaking`Nevermore.'但那只烏鴉仍然把我悲傷的幻覺哄騙成微笑，

我即刻拖了張軟椅到門旁雕像下那只鳥跟前；

然后坐在天鵝絨椅墊上，我開始冥思苦想，

浮想連著浮想，猜度這不祥的古鳥何出此言——

這只猙獰丑陋可怕不吉不祥的古鳥何出此言，

為何聒噪‘永不復還?！?/p>

2021/5/925ThisIsatengagedinguessing,butnosyllableexpressingTothefowlwhosefieryeyesnowburnedintomybosom'score;ThisandmoreIsatdivining,withmyheadateaserecliningOnthecushion'svelvetliningthatthelamp-lightgloatedo'er,Butwhosevelvetvioletliningwiththelamp-lightgloatingo'er,Sheshallpress,ah,nevermore!我坐著猜想那意見但沒對那鳥說片語只言。

此時，它炯炯發(fā)光的眼睛已燃燒進我的心坎；

我依然坐在那兒猜度，把我的頭靠得很舒服，

舒舒服服地靠在那被燈光凝視的天鵝絨襯墊，

但被燈光愛慕地凝視著的紫色的天鵝絨襯墊，

她將顯出，啊，永不復還！

2021/5/926Then,methought,theairgrewdenser,perfumedfromanunseencenserSwungbySeraphimwhosefoot-fallstinkledonthetuftedfloor.`Wretch,'Icried,`thyGodhathlentthee-bytheseangelshehassenttheeRespite-respiteandnepenthefromthymemoriesofLenore!Quaff,ohquaffthiskindnepenthe,andforgetthislostLenore!'Quoththeraven,`Nevermore.‘接著我想，空氣變得稠密，被無形香爐熏香，

提香爐的撒拉弗的腳步聲響在有簇飾的地板。

“可憐的人，”我呼叫，“是上帝派天使為你送藥，

這忘憂藥能中止你對失去的麗諾爾的思念；

喝吧如吧，忘掉對失去的麗諾爾的思念！”

烏鴉說“永不復還?！?/p>

2021/5/927`Prophet!'saidI,`thingofevil!-prophetstill,ifbirdordevil!-Whethertemptersent,orwhethertempesttossedtheehereashore,Desolateyetallundaunted,onthisdesertlandenchanted-Onthishomebyhorrorhaunted-tellmetruly,Iimplore-Isthere-istherebalminGilead?-tellme-tellme,Iimplore!'Quoththeraven,`Nevermore.‘“先知！”我說“兇兆！——仍是先知，不管是鳥還是魔！

是不是魔鬼送你，或是暴風雨拋你來到此岸，

孤獨但毫不氣餒，在這片妖惑鬼崇的荒原——

在這恐怖縈繞之家——告訴我真話，求你可憐——

基列有香膏嗎？——告訴我——告訴我，求你可憐！”

烏鴉說“永不復還?！?/p>

2021/5/928`Prophet!'saidI,`thingofevil!-prophetstill,ifbirdordevil!BythatHeaventhatbendsaboveus-bythatGodwebothadore-Tellthissoulwithsorrowladenif,withinthedistantA