2017年考研英語一真題答案及解析

SectionIUseof本文選自USNews“TheHealthBenefitsofHugging”一文，講述擁抱對人類健康的影響。與往年相似，Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!”1helyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthis1.[A]Unlike不同 [B]Besides除···之外（還 [C]Throughout在整個期 [D]Despite盡【解析】考生需要分析本空所引導(dǎo)的原文信息helyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout與之后的句子信息itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind之間存在何種邏輯關(guān)系來判斷答案。之后的句子healthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind是在說明“擁抱對于健康的益處”。本空所在部分的原文信息也是在講2.[A]equal [B]restricted受限制 [C]connected有關(guān)聯(lián)的[D]inferior差用來定義“你”和“你在意的人”之間的關(guān)系的。同時，該形容詞出現(xiàn)在一個管理結(jié)構(gòu)helyoufeelcloseand2to中很容易判定選項[C]connected有關(guān)聯(lián)的)是最佳答案。3.[A]host許多；一大 [B]view觀 [C]lesson教 [D]choice選【解析】ahostofhealthbenefits（對于健康的益處）搭配最符合題意，即“擁抱會給健康4.[A]recall回想；[B]forget遺 [C]avoid避 [D]keep保持；保winter（在這個冬天生?。゛warmembracegettingsickthiswinter之間的關(guān)系。四個選項中只有選項[C]avoid避免罪符合全文主旨傾向，故為最佳答B(yǎng)esideshelyoufeelcloseandconnectedtopeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringahostofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.本句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是：it（主語）+turnsout（謂語）+that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。介賓短語Besideshel...about充當(dāng)狀語；其中包含一個省略了that/whom的定語從句youcareabout，此定語從句的先行詞是people。Inarecentstudy5over400healthyadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptof6theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelothe種影響？來自賓夕法尼亞州大學(xué)的研究人coldafterbeing7tothe.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere125.[A]collecting收 [B]affecting影 [C]guiding引 [D]involving涉 到……Collecting收集，一般不接人做賓語;affecting影響，guiding引導(dǎo)，均不符合科學(xué)研究類文章語境。Involving涉及，包含，在此處語義最為通順，故D為正確答案。6.[A]on [B]in在······ [C]at 7.[A]devoted致力，獻(xiàn) [B]exposed使接觸；使[C]lost失去；輸 [D]attracted吸索是tothe（），而且句中還有develothecommoncold（得普通感冒）。按照常理，“得普通感冒”應(yīng)該是在接觸之后。綜合這些線索判斷，此處的動詞所表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是“接觸”，因此最佳選項是[B]exposed使接觸；使。8.[A]across穿 [B]along一 [C]down向 [D]out在室【解析】四個選項填入空格后構(gòu)成的固定搭配分別為：[A]comeacrosswith（給予[所需錢財]），[B]comealongwith(與···一起來)，提供[所需資料]，[C]comedownwith（染上，患[病]）和[D]comeoutwith（說出，提出）。9.[A]imagined想 [B]denied[C]doubted懷 [D]calculated計resarcereffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect,說明了擁抱的有益效果，句中還出現(xiàn)了具體數(shù)據(jù)。綜合這些線索判斷，最佳答案是選項[Dcalculated10.[A]served服 ined解 [C]restored恢復(fù)；修 [D]required要thestress-reducingeffectsofhugging（擁抱的減壓效果），該動詞之后銜接釋）最為合理，即“擁抱的減壓效果解釋了約32%的有益效果”，意思就是擁抱是有益處的。11.[A]Thus因 [B]Still仍 [C]Rather相 [D]Even即顯存在讓步關(guān)系，能表示讓步關(guān)系的選項是[D]Even12.[A]defeats失 [C]errors錯 [D]tests測息都是在闡述擁抱使人避免得病的信息。綜合這些線索判斷，四個選項中明顯選項[B]symptoms(癥狀)所表示的“疾病癥狀”與這些線索的關(guān)系最緊密，填入空格后意思也最貼切，即“那些感受到社會支持和得到擁Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocomedownwithacold,andtheresearcherscalculatedthatthestress-reducingeffectsofhuggingexinedabout32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat’susually14withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyat之下的人們來說起到了保護(hù)的作用”，大學(xué)“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat’susually14withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyat之下的人們來說起到了保護(hù)的作用”，大學(xué)Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty.”13.[A]highlighted突出 [B]minimized最小化 [C]controlled被控制 [D]increased增加【解析】本空所需形容詞/riskforcolds（得感冒的風(fēng)險），該詞組之后又出現(xiàn)了被控制的和[B]minimized最小化的；因為既然risk來源于stress，而本文的主旨傾向是“壓力導(dǎo)致人們易或“最小化的”，這兩項所表達(dá)的意思與文章的主旨傾向，故均予以排除。選項[A]highlighted（突出的）在risk[D]increased（增加的）最為合理，即得感冒的風(fēng)險是增加的，既符合文章的主旨傾向，且修飾riskhighlighted要順暢得多。 [B]equipped配 [C]presented授 [D]compared比【解析】本空需填動詞是以形態(tài)出現(xiàn)的，且能與空格后的with構(gòu)成詞組。這個動詞詞組處于一個對先行詞risk15.[A]assess評 [B]moderate減 [C]generate產(chǎn)生[D]record記有同位從句對thefeeling進(jìn)行修飾，即“別人在你遇到時給予幫助”的感覺。根據(jù)文章的主旨傾向，thefeeling輕”。四個選項中最合理的動作是[C]generate產(chǎn)生，即產(chǎn)生這種正面的feeling。選項[A]assess評估和[D]record（記錄）所表示的動作則與題意無關(guān)，故均應(yīng)排除。16.[A]inthefaceof面 [B]intheformof [C]inthewayof用······方法；關(guān)于······方 [D]inthenameof Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-benefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,often“thebondinghormone”18itpromotesattaentrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.17.[A]attribute把·····歸 [B]commit投入[C]transfer移交；遷 [D]return歸【解析本空需填動詞與to構(gòu)成詞組搭配dosth.tosth此動詞的直接賓語是thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhugging（擁抱的減壓、效果），to之后是間接賓語thereleaseofoxytocin..（···催產(chǎn)素的釋放），之后的后置定語oftencalled“thebondinghormone”進(jìn)一步解釋了oxytocin常被稱作“黏結(jié)激素”。據(jù)此可以判斷出thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhugging是結(jié)果，而thereleaseofoxytocin是原因所在，或者說thereleaseofoxytocin導(dǎo)致了thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhugging四個選項中能表達(dá)此意的只有選項[A]attribute把············· 18.[A]unless除 [B]because因 [C]though盡 [D]until直關(guān)系的選項是[B]because因為，故為最佳答案。19.[A]emerges出 [B]vanishes[C]remains留存[D]decreases減inthebrainOxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain中出現(xiàn)過，此信息已經(jīng)oxytocinbrainBsomeofitisreleasedintotheA。20.[A]experiences經(jīng)歷；體驗[B]combines聯(lián)合；結(jié) [D]influences影【解析】本空需填動詞的主語是代詞it，而此處的it指代的是在文中多處出現(xiàn)的oxytocin；該動詞的賓語是Someexpertsattributethestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”becauseitpromotesattaentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornSomeexperts（主語）+attribute...to...結(jié)構(gòu)（謂語）；其中，thestress-reducinghealth-relatedbenefitsofhuggingthereleaseofoxytocin語，oftencalledthebondinghormoneoxytocin（相當(dāng)于一個定語從句）。主句之后PartA文章出自2016年5月TheWashingtonPost《》標(biāo)題為HurryupandWait（趕緊，等著），是美21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804is 22.Whichofthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsmajor23.Theword“expedited”(Line4,Para.5)isclosestmeaning .25.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforFirsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceare mendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.show...thisishowfarinadvanceare mendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.this)+islinesare mendingpeopleshowup，tocatchadomesticflight，atAmericansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans’economicandprivatelives,nottomentionbeadragnottoButdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportforthedemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturn，orundermines。publicsupportfortheprocessLastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago’sO’HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhase—butthelinesareLastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.該句的主干是：theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)（主語）+found（謂語）+thatabletosneakweapons…,其中還包含一個everytime引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago’sO’HareInternational.本句看似復(fù)雜，實為一個簡單的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen為主語，haveresultedin是謂語，long…International是賓語。combinedwith…prices是插入語。Partoftheissueisthattheernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggage（22)這個問題的部分原因在于沒有預(yù)料到航空的增，安理現(xiàn)于募航檢線上的心安檢員。部分原因在于機(jī)場空間有限，只能設(shè)置一定數(shù)量的篩查通道。還有一個因素可能是，盡管司thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputeAnotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.aretryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbags，toavoidchecked-baggagefeesthough引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeoplein以帶來旅客和安全管理局的雙贏。23通過背景檢查間。安全管理局希望預(yù)查項目人數(shù)能夠達(dá)到2,500萬人。Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.：Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck’sfatalflaw.ingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintongsodirectly,byheltofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinother驚人的價格：乘客必須每五年支付85來進(jìn)行背景調(diào)stickerfatalpricelookButCongressshouldlookintongsodirectly,byheltofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherTheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicinunnecessary該句包含由并列連詞while的兩個并列分句。前一個并列分句的主干為TheTSAcannotcontinueresourcesintounderusedPreChecklanes；第二個并列分句的主干為：mostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessaryThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentioned stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurity highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S emphasistheimportanceofprivacy ：ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804【解析】根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段句ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.（804號航班墜毀的悲劇再一次提醒了人們安檢的重要性，該航班可能是在地中海上空被分子擊落的。）這里相當(dāng)于舉例，目的是證明論點，因此正確答案的位置很有可能在定位句的上一句，即第二段：Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.也即提及此事的目的是為了解釋人愿意目前耗時的安檢程序，以換取更高的安全性。故選項B為正確答案。Whichofthefollowingcontributionsto longwaitsatmajorairports?Newrestrictionsoncarry-on Thedecliningefficiencyofthe Anincreaseinthenumberof ：longwaitsatmajorairports【解析】根據(jù)題干定位到文章第三段句Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago’sO’HareInternational.（從那以后機(jī)場便加強(qiáng)了安保措施，而且經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況改善和低油價使得航空旅行人數(shù)增加，導(dǎo)致了enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen（從那以后機(jī)場便加強(qiáng)了安保措施），另一個是ariseinairlinetravel（航空旅行人數(shù)增加），后者相當(dāng)于選項C，故該項正確。Theword“expedited”(Line4,Para.5) isclosestinmeaningto 題。第五段首句建議了一項解決措施：可以讓的人加入預(yù)檢程序，預(yù)檢對于旅客和安全管理局來說應(yīng)Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.解OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogram Adramaticreductionofits Theernment’sreluctancetoback Anunreasonablepricefor 【解析】根據(jù)題干定位到文章第六段句：Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.：Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.冒號之后的信息具體解釋了預(yù)檢程序的問題之一：乘客必須每五年支付85進(jìn)行背景。由此可知，不合理是其中一個問題所在。選項DWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthe GettingStuckinSecurity LessScreeningforMore 文章面的段落說明了機(jī)場安檢出現(xiàn)的問題——排隊時間長，然后在后面的段落提出了解決措施——讓

Kea《如何解決在阿火山上建造望遠(yuǎn)鏡的相關(guān)爭議》是對選擇阿火山作為“30米望遠(yuǎn)鏡”臺址的尾處明確表示他支持在阿火山上建造望遠(yuǎn)鏡。26.QueenLiliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicaldue28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbylocalspartly29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogress30.Theauthor’sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeatheTMTsiteisone“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,”wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii’slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.shaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewoftheallisnotshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity’sviewofthecosmos.或事由。agiantobservatory…cosmos是theThirtyMeterescope(TMT)的同位語，對其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明；同位語中包含一個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞observatory。AtissueistheTMT’snnedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld’smostpowerfulescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofournet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.有爭議的是TMT的計劃修建地點——莫亞山。拜。他們認(rèn)為這個“生命之臍”連接著夏威夷群島和。atAtissueistheTMT’snnedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.該句的主干是個主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝句：AtissueistheTMT’snnedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoMaunaKea的同位語，對其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明；worshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko是裝飾此同位語的后置定語。that引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句修飾先行詞piko。OppositiontoescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignAsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.本句乍一看很復(fù)雜，其實很容易拎出基本結(jié)構(gòu)；A…groupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshave…viewedtheirapainfulreminderoftheoccupationof…nation。Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggerescopes,theyforgotthatscienceisnottheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea’sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland’sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissance弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)或是莫亞山在島上居民心中的圣潔地Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassembleallescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii’sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.修飾先行詞curiosity。動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)toexploretheheavens是目的狀語。CallstodisassembleallescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.todisassemble…Keatoban…therecalls的后置定語。同位語從句中，主干astronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsabout…goingbigquestions的后TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizetheescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberofescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbeedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudytheTMT的選址定在島上其他位置看不到的地 Paragraph1 theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancient herappreciationofstarwatchersfeatsinher 【解析】根據(jù)題干定位到文章第一段句①。接下來的句②進(jìn)一步解釋：StarwatcherswereamongtheesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.（觀星師是夏威夷社會最受尊敬的群體之一。）可見，天文學(xué)在古代夏威夷是很受重視的，選項B剛好體現(xiàn)此信息，故該項正確。27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanastronomicalsitedue.itsgeographicalitsprotectiveitsreligious[D]itsexisting【解析】根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段。該段一共有三句話，每句都體現(xiàn)了阿火山的重要性，特別是最后一句RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea’speakrisesabovethebulkofournet’sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.（阿火山坐落于太平洋中，山頂高出地球大部分的濃密大氣，這些條件使望遠(yuǎn)鏡可獲得無比清晰的圖像。）由此可知其地理優(yōu)勢。故選項A正確。TheconstructionoftheTMTis bysomelocalspartly itmayriskruiningtheir lectual itremindsthemofahumiliating theirculturewillloseachanceof theyfearlosingcontrolofMauna ：TheconstructionoftheTMT，opposed②解釋了的原因：AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.（一群人數(shù)不多但意見夏威夷人和環(huán)保主義者長期以來一直將這些望遠(yuǎn)鏡的存在視ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5 thatprogressintoday’sastronomy isfulfillingthedreamsofancient helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrossthe mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiian questionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.（……天文暗示“正在實現(xiàn)古代夏威夷人的夢想”。選項A正確。Theauthor’sattitudetoward MaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisone severe slight full ：Theauthor’sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMT【解析】解決此題的關(guān)鍵是在對應(yīng)段落中找到作者態(tài)度的標(biāo)志。根據(jù)題干定位到文章最后一段。該段最后一句提到：Thereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbe edonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.（每個人都應(yīng)該有權(quán)到冒納山擁抱他們的文化遺產(chǎn)并研究星空。）由此可知，作者對于選擇山作為“30D文章出自2016年7月TheIndependent獨立報》標(biāo)題TheUKIsOneoftheWorstCountriesatConvertingGDPintoActualWellbeing-WhichCouldEx 是對GDP的討論，題材為社會科學(xué)。本文通過·F的GDP觀點引出了英國脫歐的話題。接下來的段落作者用大量的事實說明了重視GDP的同時還應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮其他因素。文章的結(jié)尾段提到了民生（或安康）這個重要因素，解決問題的辦法就是重新關(guān)注與改善民生，而不僅僅是擔(dān)心GDP的數(shù)字?！觀點的原32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph233.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentstudy34.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggests35.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetextRobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto. 脫離歐盟，GDP因此已預(yù)計放緩，現(xiàn)在是評估所referThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedmakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?半個多世紀(jì)以來。GDP及其有效性的問題一直困擾GDP是西方世界羨慕的對象，失業(yè)率有史以1700萬的人會對脫歐給國家經(jīng)濟(jì)前景帶來影響的betheenvyIfeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?despite…prospectswhat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesare最近一項對國家及其把經(jīng)濟(jì)增長轉(zhuǎn)化為的能力的年度研究為這個問題帶來了些許答案。在研究的163個面是表現(xiàn)的國家之一。該研究不僅僅是只關(guān)注shedlightAcrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshave todecline.Yetthisisn’tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivil eequalityand一致的。是的，自2008年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)以來經(jīng)濟(jì)的…therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavetodecline.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry’ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducation es–allthingsthatcontributetoa’ssenseofwell-那么說指的就是，盡管GDP是衡量國家經(jīng)濟(jì)不足了。GDP沒有考慮到一些重要的因素，如環(huán)境質(zhì)量eThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butmakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevensee是重新關(guān)注提高而不是僅僅擔(dān)心GDP數(shù)字的政策制Butmakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.從句修飾先行詞makers。主語后面帶了兩個并列的謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)couldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeRobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecause 文中了·F的觀點，因為praisedtheUKforits identifiedGDPwithhappiness misinterpretedtheroleofGDP hadalowopinionofGDP exceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”（·F曾經(jīng)，一國的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（CDP）可以衡量“一切，除了讓生活變得有價值的事情”。）由此可知，·F對GDP評價不高，選項D正確。ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2 .theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomic [B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.英國普遍將GDP作為衡量成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[CtheUKwillcontributelesstotheworld [D]makersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP英國的決策者對GDP的關(guān)注較少：Paragraph2④和句⑤提到：BymostrecentmeasurestheUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworldwithrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfiguresIfeverythingwasgoingsowellthenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?（GDP一B，故該項正確。Whichofthefollowingistrue abouttherecentannualstudy?Itissponsoredby163countries ItexcludesGDPasan Itscriteriaarequestionable Itsresultsareenlightening theirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.（最近的一項年度研究調(diào)研了各國及其將收獲。此信息剛好對應(yīng)選項D。Inthelasttwoparagraphs, theauthorsuggeststhat theUKispreparingforaneconomic highGDPforeshadowsaneconomic GDPitisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyond itrequirescautiontohandleeconomic SowhatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.（所以，指的是，雖然GDP一直是衡量各國經(jīng)濟(jì)活動最常見的方法，但是它不足以作為衡量的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。）由此可知，GDP不是唯一的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。接下來的句②進(jìn)一步解釋：GDP未包含形成人們感的因素。第七段又講：應(yīng)該重新專注與改善民生，而不僅僅GDP的數(shù)字。選項C剛好符合此意，特別是選項中的beyondGDP，故該項正確。Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext? [A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson 英國的教訓(xùn)：高GPD但缺乏感[B]GDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth GDP數(shù)據(jù)：全球經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢之窗[C]RebortF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP ·F：GDP的終結(jié)者[D]Brexit,theUK’sGatewaytoWell-being 過·F的GDP觀點引出了英國脫歐的話題，接下來的段落作者用大量的事實說明了重視GDP的同時還應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮其他因素，文章的結(jié)尾段提到了民生（或安康）這個重要因素。能夠與這些信息相匹配的選項剛好A。文章出自2016年6月TheChristianScienceMonitor《科學(xué)》標(biāo)題Thelaw’sFineLineBetweenGraftandAccess《和接觸在法律上的一線只差》為對前州長案裁決的討論，題材是社會科學(xué)。本文開頭先提到對弗吉尼亞州前州長案的裁決；接下來的段落則進(jìn)一步說明了的立場，對行為的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行討論；后面的段落強(qiáng)調(diào)了公職人員做事的，不能存在雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；最后表明了作者36.Theunderlinedsentence(Para.1)mostshowsthatthe37.AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactiscorruptiveonlyifit38.Thecourt’srulingisbasedontheassumption39.Well-endlawsinernmenttransparencyneeded40.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthecourt’srulingInarareunanimousruling,theU.SSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiaernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrari fromseekingaccessto了吉尼亞州麥克唐納的貪為包括從一家尋求接近改的公司那里接受像勞力士Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariAutofromaseekingaccesstoernment.該句的主干為：itdidsoit指代上文中的theUSSupremeCourt,didso指的是hasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiaernor.RobertMcDonnell。Whileholding…conduct是伴隨狀語，與主句形成了對比關(guān)系。句末是which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，修飾先行詞hisconduct。Thehighcourt’sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell’strialfailedtolajurythatitmustlookonlyathis“officialacts,”ortheformerernor’sdecisionson“specific”and“unsettled”issuesrelatedtohisduties.告訴陪審團(tuán)必須只看麥克唐納的“行為”，或只看這位Thehighcourt’sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell’strialfailedtolajurythatitmustlookonlyathis“officialacts,”ortheformerernor’sdecisionson“specific”and“unsettled”issuesrelatedtohisduties.句2的賓語部分由兩個并列結(jié)構(gòu)一起充當(dāng)：his“officialacts”和theformerernor’sdecisionson“specific”and“unsettled”issuesrelatedtohisduties。Merelyhelagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,notcorruption,thejustices。Merelyhelagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis“distasteful”and“nasty.”Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan“officialact”. Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis“distasteful”and“nasty.”Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall