高考英語大一輪復習Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero課件新人教版必修1

基礎知識自測重點詞匯講練寫作句型仿寫基礎知識自測1.___________vt.

獻身；專心于

___________n.

忠實；忠誠

___________adj.

忠實的；深愛的devoteddevotedevotion一、單詞拓展(A)單詞派生2.___________vt.

帶領；引導n.

導游

___________n.

指導；領導，向?qū)uideguidance3.____________adj.平等的

____________n.平等

____________adv.平等地equalequalityequally4._________adj.有活力的;積極的

_________n.行動

_________n.活動5._________adj.暴力的

_________n.暴力，暴行violenceactiveactionactivity

violent1.Monicaisa_______friend.His_______tousisquiteclear.(devote)(B)靈活運用devoteddevotion第一個是形容詞修飾名詞，表示“忠實的”；第二個是名詞作主語，表示“忠實、忠心”。2.Weshouldtakeanactivepartinafter-class__________(active).3.Someofthefilmsarefullof______,whichisnotgoodforyoungkids.(violent)

violence

介詞后接名詞作賓語泛指各類課外活動。activities4.WelcometoBeijing.I’myour_______inthistrip.(guide)在形容詞性物主代詞后用名詞,表示“導游”。5.Theybelievedthatallmenandwomenwereborn______.(equal)習語:bebornequal天生平等。

equal

guide二、短語翻譯1.________________被判處…(徒刑)2.___________________事實上3._____________失業(yè)4._____________設立；建立setupbesentencedtoasamatteroffactoutofwork5.________________當權(quán)；上臺6.____________喪失勇氣或信心7.____________求助于；致力于8.____________在困境中introublecometopowerloseheartturnto9.________________同…斗爭到底10.________________為…而死11.________________炸毀；給充氣12.____________________________

把…關(guān)進監(jiān)獄fightagainstdiefor…blowupput…in/intoprison三、語篇填空

MynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.ThetimewhenIfirst1_______(meet)NelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Iwastwelveyearsold.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblack2_______(law)towhomIwentforadvice.Heoffered3_________(guide)topoorblackpeopleon4_______(they)legalproblems.

their

guidance

lawyermetHewasgenerouswithhistime,5______whichIwasgrateful.IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.Ibeganschoolatsix.Theschool6________Istudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.Ihadtoleavebecausemyfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.whereforIcouldnotread7_____writewell.After8_________(try)hard,Igotajobinagoldmine.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbook9________(live)inJohannesburg.10______(sad),IdidnothaveitbecauseIwasnotbornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.Sadlytolivetryingor1.met

由后面的was可知用一般過去時。2.lawyer

在冠詞加形容詞后用名詞，表示“律師”。3.guidance

作offered的賓語用名詞，表示“指導”。4.their

在名詞前作定語。5.for

引導定語從句的which，指前句內(nèi)容“他十分慷慨地給予時間(就法律問題給予指導)”這回事；又由begratefultosb.forsth.(因某事感謝某人)可知，填介詞for。6.where

引導定語從句并在從句中作地點狀語。7.or

在否定句中表示并列，用or。8.trying

因after是介詞，介詞后要用動詞的-ing形式作賓語。9.tolive

表示目的用不定式。10.Sadly

作狀語，修飾全句，用副詞。四、語段改錯

WiththehelpofMandela,Ibecamemorehopeaboutmyfuture.IneverforgotwhatkindMandelawas.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouthLeague,IjoinedthemassoonasIcan.Hesaid:“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogresses,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewhichwehavealmostnorightsatall.”hopefulhowitcouldprogresswhere“…wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,norfightthegovernment…onlythenwedecidetoanswerforviolencewithviolence.”But…Iknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequally.didequalor1.hope→hopeful

在became后作表語，要用形容詞。2.what→how

修飾作表語的形容詞kind，用how，表示“多么”。3.them→it

指參加theANCYouthLeague這個組織，用代詞it。4.can→could

由上文動詞時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時。5.progresses→progress

因progress是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復數(shù)形式。6.which→where

引導定語從句并在從句中作地點狀語，用where。7.nor→or

因either…or…是固定搭配。8.在we前加did

因onlythen位于句首，謂語要用部分倒裝；由上文可知，decide應為一般過去時，故在主語前加did。9.去掉answer后的for

因answerviolencewithviolence意為“以暴制暴”；而answerfor意為“對……負責，因……而受罰”。10.equally→equal

作賓語要用形容詞。重點詞匯講練例句

She

devotedherselfentirelyto

writing.她全心投入寫作。

1.devote

vt.

獻身于；致力于派生devotedadj.深愛的，忠實的

devotionn.奉獻devote…to…把……用在／獻給……devoteoneselfto…獻身于／致力于……bedevotedto…專心于／深愛／忠誠……搭配注意

to是介詞,后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞。運用將下列句子譯成漢語。⑴Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind.⑵Pleasedevotemoretimetoyourwork.請把更多的時間用于工作。他把一生都致力于造福人類的事業(yè)。⑶Hedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoor.⑷Sheisdevotedtoherstudies.(5)Sheisdevotedtoherchildren.她深愛她的孩子。他致力于幫助窮人。她專心于她的學習。2.vote

v.

投票；選舉

n.

投票；選票；表決例句

Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.這是真話。當時黑人沒有選舉權(quán)，無法選擇他們的領導人。votefor…投票贊成/選(……)voteagainst…投票反對搭配運用根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。(1)下屆選舉我可能選她。Imay___________atthenextelection.voteforher(2)此事將通過投票的方式表決。Thematterwillbedecided______________.(3)十六票贊成我的建議，十五票反對。Therewere16__________infavorofmysuggestion,and15____________.againstbyvotevotes3.equaladj.

平等的；相等的例句

Iknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.我知道這有助于我們實現(xiàn)使黑人與白人平等的夢想。派生equalityn.平等(記:e+quality)equallyadv.與……相等地;同等地搭配beequalto與……平等,等于運用根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。(1)人人生而平等。Allmen_______________.(2)婦女要求同工同酬。Womendemand______________________.equalpayforequalworkarebornequal4.escape

v.

逃走;逃脫;避開;避免例句

Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.那是一座任何人也逃不出去的監(jiān)獄。用法⑴不與away,off連用；⑵不可用被動語態(tài)。搭配escapefrom從……逃走；逃脫escapedoingsth.避免做某事

翻譯⑴escapefromthejail_____________⑵escapesb.’sattention____________⑶escapebeingcaughtintherain___________避免淋雨從監(jiān)獄里逃出來逃過某人的注意5.

educatevt.教育；訓練例句

SinceIwasbettereducated,Igotajobworkinginanoffice.因為我受過較好的教育，我得到了一份坐辦公室的工作。派生

educationn.教育

educatorn.教育工作者

educationaladj.

教育的運用根據(jù)提示完成英文句子。⑴二十世紀三十年代她在英國一所很好的學校里受過教育。

She________________averygoodschoolinEngland____________.(2)關(guān)于如何教育孩子們，我們的觀點一致。Wehavethesameopinionon__________________________.waseducatedatinthe1930sourchildrenhowtoeducate(4)An________mustfirsteducatehimself.(5)Therearemany___________programsonTV.educationaleducator(3)Hehashadagood__________(educate).education6.begvi.&vt.

請求；乞求例句

Atthattimemywifeandchildrenhadtobegforfoodandhelpfromrelativesorfriends.那時，我的妻子和孩子們不得不向親友們乞討食物和幫助。搭配begsb.todosth.懇求某人做某事begtodosth.懇求做某事begforsth.(fromsb.)(向某人)乞求某物(錢、食物、衣、同情等)運用根據(jù)提示完成英文句子。⑴Shewrotealetterbegginghim_________(come)back.⑵Ibegged____________(allow)tojointhem.tobeallowedtocome(3)Wearenotgoingto_____________(乞求幫助)anymore.(4)Helives_______________(靠行乞)bybeggingbegforhelp7.reward

n.報酬；獎賞；回報

vt.報答；獎勵原句

TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremy

rewardafterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.他們說,從南非政府得到的這份工作和薪水,是我畢生為爭取黑人的平等權(quán)利而斗爭所得到的回報。(B1P38)例句

Arewardwasofferedforthereturnofthejewels.尋回珠寶有賞。

She

rewarded

himwithasmile.她向他報之以一笑。搭配rewardsb.withsth.獎給某人某物

rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因做某事獎賞某人inrewardfor作為……的報答運用根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。⑴教師獎給優(yōu)勝者一些糖果。Theteacher________________________somesweets.⑵她的工作得到了豐厚的報酬。She_____generously___________forherwork.

rewardedwinnerswithwasrewarded8.opinion

n.

意見；看法；主張例句

You’dbetteraskforyourparents’opinions.你最好還是去征求你父母的意見。搭配insb.’sopinion／intheopinionofsb.在某人看來haveagood，high／bad，low，pooropinionof…=thinkwell，highly，much／badly，lowly，littleof…對……評價高／低注意表示“根據(jù)某人的意見”是inone’sopinion而不是accordingtoone’sopinion，但可以說accordingtosb.。運用將下列中文句子翻譯成英文。

⑴依我和大多數(shù)人的看法，學好英語非常重要。⑵老師對他評價很高。Theteacherhasahighopinionofhim./Theteacherthinkshighlyofhim.Inmyopinionandintheopinionofmostpeople,itisveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.

原句

EliaswenttoseeNelsonMandelawhenhewasintrouble.

在NelsonMandela有困難的時候,Elias去看過他。(B1P35)9.introuble在困境中例句

Weshouldhelpthosewhowereintrouble.我們應該幫助那些有困難的人。askfortrouble自尋煩惱m(xù)aketrouble(forsb.)制造麻煩get(sb.)intotrouble(使某人)陷入困境Havetroubleindoingsth.做某事有困難聯(lián)想運用

根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。(1)Youarejust_________________(自找麻煩)ifyoudon’tgetthosebrakesfixed.(2)那個男孩總是搗亂,現(xiàn)在他真有麻煩了。Thenaughtyboyisalways_____________,butnowheisreally______________.makingintroubletroubleaskingfortrouble10.turntosb.(forhelp)

向某人求助原句

WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?為什么NelsonMandela借助暴力來使黑人與白人平等？(B1P35)例句

Youshould

turntoyourteacher

for

helpwhenyoumeetwithdifficultyatschool.當你在學校遇到困難時，你應該求助于你的老師。(2)Don’thesitateto_________(求助于我們)ifyouareintrouble.turntous運用(1)Nobodyseemstounderstand.Idon’tknow_____________________(該向誰求助).who/whomtoturnto用適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。⑴

turn____出現(xiàn)；(聲音、光)等調(diào)大、變強⑵turn_______(音量)調(diào)低；拒絕⑶turn_______轉(zhuǎn)過身來⑷turn____上繳⑸turn____結(jié)果是；證明是⑹turn_____翻車；翻閱；翻身聯(lián)想

overupdownaroundinout11.loseheart(=bediscouraged)氣餒；灰心；泄氣

loseone’sheartto(=fallinlovewith)愛上例句

Youcanneverloseheartinfaceofdifficulty.面對困難你絕不能喪失信心。TomlosthishearttoChinesewhenhefirstattendedthelesson.湯姆第一次聽課就喜歡上了中文。運用根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。⑴Iusedtodigthegardeneveryweek,butI__________(失去信心了)whentherainwashedalltheplantsaway.⑵AtthefirstsightofMary，Tom______________________(喜歡她)her.

hishearttolostheart

lost11．loseheart(=bediscouraged)氣餒;灰心;泄氣

loseone’sheartto(=fallinlovewith)愛上；喜歡上例句Youcanneverloseheartinfaceofdifficulty.面對困難你絕不能喪失信心。TomlosthishearttoChinesewhenhefirstattendedthelesson．湯姆第一次聽課就喜歡上了中文。運用根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。⑴Iusedtodigthegardeneveryweek，butI__________(失去信心了)whentherainwashedalltheplantsaway.⑵AtthefirstsightofMary，Tom______________(喜歡)her．hearttolostheart

losthis12．stop…fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事例句⑴Hesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees．他說他們不應該被剝奪通過學習獲得學位的權(quán)利。(from不能省略)⑵Thegovernmentsaysheisstoppingothercompaniesfromsellingtheirprograms．政府說他正阻止其他公司銷售他們的程序。(from可省略)結(jié)構(gòu)和意義相似的句式還有：prevent…fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事keep…fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事比較protect…from保護……免受……聯(lián)想運用根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。⑴他們試圖阻止我離開。Theytried______________________.⑵什么也阻止不了我實現(xiàn)我的夢想。Nothingcanstopmefromrealizingmydream/makingmydreamcometrue.tostopmefromleaving

13．dowhatonecantodosth.竭盡全力做某事例句Everyoneshouldbeabletodowhattheycantomaketheircompanybigger．BillGateshasonlydonewhathecantostopothercompetitors．每個人都會竭盡全力使他們的公司變得更大。比爾·蓋茨只是竭盡全力阻止了別的競爭者(變得更大)。doallthatonecantodosth.do／tryone’sbesttodosth.doone’sutmosttodosth.sparenoefforttodosth.同義仿寫根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。⑴我已下定決心竭盡全力幫助他們擺脫困境。⑵我們必須竭盡全力渡過難關(guān)。Wemustdow