虛擬語氣知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解和寫作運(yùn)用講義-2023屆高三英語寫作專項(xiàng)

虛擬語氣知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解和寫作運(yùn)用01個(gè)人意愿.在常見動(dòng)詞:一個(gè)堅(jiān)持，兩個(gè)命令，三個(gè)建議，四個(gè)要求。insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,recommend4.demand,require,request,desire這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should+動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。a.Idemandedthathebehereassoonaspossible.b.Itisrequiredthatmiddleschoolstudents(should)takeonehourexerciseeveryday.c.Hissuggestionisthatwepersuadehertostayherefirst.注意:insist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為"講時(shí)不用虛擬語氣；Heinsistedthathewasinnocent.suggest做“表明暗示"時(shí)不用虛擬語氣；Whathesaidsuggestedthathewasafraud.2.Ifs(about/high)time+that該是做某事的時(shí)候到了從句謂語:過去時(shí)/should+v.(should不能省略)Itisabouttimethatwewereoff.我們?cè)撾x開了。02非真實(shí)假設(shè)01asif/though（好像）+ifonly（要是…該多好）+wish從句的謂語分三種情況討論：（1）表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，從句動(dòng)詞用過去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were）（2）表示對(duì)過去情況的虛擬,從句動(dòng)詞常用“had+過去分詞”。（過去完成時(shí)）（3）表示對(duì)將來的主觀愿望,從句動(dòng)詞形式為"would+動(dòng)詞原形”。（過去將來時(shí)）a.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.b.Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!c.IwishIknewtheanswertothequestion.02wouldrather（寧愿）虛擬現(xiàn)在或者將來：did（be用were）虛擬過去：haddonetz.Iwouldratheryoucametoseemetomorrow.b.Iwouldratheryouhadn7toldmethefact.03if的虛擬(虛擬里面最復(fù)雜的一種情況，因?yàn)橹骶浜蛷木涞闹^語時(shí)態(tài)都需要變化)條件從句從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去時(shí)(were)would/could/should/might+V.（原）過去過去完成時(shí)haddonewould/could/should/might+have+p.p.未來1.過去時(shí)2.shouldwould/could/should/might+V.（原）+v.3.weretodoa.IfIwereastudent,Iwouldmakegooduseofthetime.b.IfIhadlistenedtotheteachercarefully,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.c.Ifwehadanother7-dayholiday,allofuswouldbemuchhappier.2）混合條件句主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間，這時(shí)主、從句謂語動(dòng)詞的虛擬語氣形式因時(shí)間不同而不同，這叫做混合條件句。a.Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodo.（從句與過去事實(shí)相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反。）b.Ifithadrainedlastnight（過去）,itwouldbeverycoldtoday（現(xiàn)在）.3）虛擬條件句的倒裝虛擬條件句的從句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可將if省略，再把were,should或had移到從句句首，實(shí)行倒裝。Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.b.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.-Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.c.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.注意:在虛擬語氣的從句中，動(dòng)詞'be，的過去時(shí)態(tài)一律用"were",不用was,即在從句中be用were代替。a.Iflwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你,就會(huì)去找他。b.Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.注意:if的從句直接可以簡(jiǎn)化成Mthout/butfor+名詞(短語)aWithoutsunlight,peoplefslifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.b.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn7havefinishedthework.虛擬語氣在寫作中的運(yùn)用作文類型虛擬類型例句應(yīng)用文——建議信個(gè)人意愿第一條It'shighlyrecommendedthat...非真實(shí)假設(shè)第三條IfIwereyou,Iwoul???應(yīng)用文——感謝信非真實(shí)假設(shè)第三條Ifithadn7beenforyourgeneroushelp(Haditnotbeen...),Iwould/wouldnfthavedone...或者Without/Butforyourgeneroushelp,Iwould/wouldn7havedone...應(yīng)用文——倡議書個(gè)人意愿第二條Itishigh/abouttimeth讀后續(xù)寫非