2023年達爾文英語簡介新

千里之行，始于足下讓知識帶有溫度。第第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦達爾文英語簡介查爾斯·羅伯特·達爾文，英國生物學家，進化論的奠基人。下面是我為你整理的達爾文英語簡介，盼望對你有用!

查爾斯·羅伯特·達爾文簡介CharlesRobertDarwin,February12,1809-April19,1882),Britishbiologist,founderofevolution.HasbeenridingtheBergershipfor5yearsofglobalvoyage,animalandplantandgeologicalstructure,suchasalargenumberofobservationandcollection.Publishedthe"originofspecies",putforwardthetheoryofbiologicalevolution,whichdestroyedavarietyofidealisticgodsandspeciesinvariancetheory.Inadditiontobiology,histheoryofanthropology,psychology,philosophydevelopmentcannotbeignored.Engelsranked"evolutionism"asoneofthethreediscoveriesofthenaturalsciencesofthe19thcentury(theothertwoarethetheoriesofcytology,conservationofenergy)andhaveanoutstandingcontributiontomankind.

OnApril19,1882,DarwindiedatthevillageofDawenat73yearsoldandwasburiedinWestminsterAbbey.

查爾斯·羅伯特·達爾文科學影響Speciesorigin

Darwinwas51yearsold,shortlyafterpublicationofthe"originofspecies"

BasicInformation

Englishtitle:OntheOriginofSpecies

ChineseTitle:Originofthespecies

Author:Darwin

Translator:LiHu

ISBN:9787302275480

Pricing:$49

Published:2022.6

BookCategory:Q111.2

Sellingpointintroduction

1,Darwin'smasterpieceOntheOriginofSpecies(1859)firsteditionofthefirstChinesetranslation.Thefirsteditionofthe"originofthespecies"isthemostrecognizedoriginalversion,becauseitisDarwinhasnotbeenquestionedandblamebeforethewritings,clearthinking,conciseandpowerfulexpositionoftheoriginalviewofDarwin.ModernWesternscholarstodoevolutionaryresearchandwritings,usuallycitedisthefirsteditionof"speciesorigin",basicallythisversionhasbecomea"standard".NearlyacenturyofChinesetranslationisbasedonthesixtheditionofthetranslation.

2,thebookdiscussesbreedingscience,ecology,paleontology,biogeography,animalbehavior,morphology,embryology,taxonomyandmanyotherareasofalargenumberofphenomena,revealingavarietyofbiologicalrelationshipbetweenspecies,speciesIsnotfixed,butthrough"withthemodifiedgenerationof"andchange.Darwinstudiedthevariationofbiologicallifeindomesticandnaturalstate,putforwardthetheoryofevolutionasthecoreofnaturalselectiontheory,thatinthe"struggleforsurvival",individualswithfavorablevariationwerechosentobepreserved,theunfavorableindividualwaseliminated,Afteragenerationofnaturalenvironmenttochoosetheroleofadaptationtothegradualaccumulationofmutations,leadingtotheemergenceofnewspecies,resultinginawonderfulvarietyoflifeforms;dwellingintheearthallthecreatures,arederivedfromoneorseveralprimitivetypesofevolutionEvolvedtocausebiodiversity.

Translatorintroduction

LiHu:HebeiXingtai,PekingUniversitygraduate,theStateOceanicAdministrationThirdMarineResearchInstituteofScienceandTechnologyInformationCenterengineers.Engagedinmarinescience,biodiversityandscientifichistoryofthetranslationwork.Translationof"worrydays:thehistoryofglobalwarmingexploration(2022,TsinghuaUniversityPress),"EvolutionaryLegend"(2022,OceanPress)andotherworks.

"Theoriginofspecies"

November24,1859,theBritishnaturalist,evolutionaryfounderDarwin's"originofthespecies"published,laidthetheoreticalbasisofevolution.EvolutionismwascalledbyEngelsasoneofthethreediscoveriesofthenaturalsciencesofthe19thcentury.

Anepoch-makingbook

Whichmarkedtheprofoundchangesintheviewsofthevastmajorityofthelearnedsocietiesinthenineteenthcenturyonthestatusofthebiologyandhumanbeingsinthebiologicalworld.

Theclassicworksthataffectthehistoricalprocess

Oneofthe10booksthatshooktheworld

Agreatinfluenceonthehumandevelopmentprocess

TheClassicTranslationofChineseModernSociety

1985American"life"magazinenamedthebestbooksofhumanhistory

In1986theFrench"reading"magazinerecommendedidealbook

November24,1859,inLondon,England,thisisaveryextraordinaryday.Onthisday,manypeopleinLondonflockedtoabookstore,competingtobuyanewlypublishedbook.Thefirsteditionofthebookwassoldoutonthedayofpublication.

Thisnewbookisthe"originofthespecies",itisthefounderoftheevolutionofDarwin'sfirstmasterpiece.Theadventofthisworkforthefirsttimeonthebasisofcompletescienceonthebasisofscience,withanewideaofbiologicalevolutiontooverthrowthe"creationtheory"and"speciesunchanged"theory.

Thepublicationofthe"originofspecies"hascausedasensationinEuropeandtheworldasawhole.Itfoughtheavilyagainstthefoundationsoftheocracy,fromthereactionarychurchtothefeudalphilosopherswerefurious,theygroupattack,slanderDarwin'sdoctrine"blasphemetheHolySpirit",violatedthe"monarchicaldivinejustice",thelossofhumandignity.Incontrast,progressivescholars,representedbyHuxley,activelyadvocateanddefendDarwinism.Evolutionarytheoryhasexplodedpeople'sminds,enlightenedandeducatedpeopletoliberatethemfromtheshacklesofreligioussuperstition.

Darwin's"originofspecies"isverymeaningful,andthisbookcanbeusedasanaturalscientificbasisforhistoricalclassstruggle.-Marx

In1859becamethedivisionofsciencebeforeandafterthetwo"world"boundaries.Thepublicationofthe"originofspecies"hasledtoarevolutioninbiology,which,likeMarxism,hasagreatsignificanceandfar-reachingimpactonthestageofhistory.Darwinwasawayfromthehustleandbustleofthebigcity,andwaspreparingforarevolutioninhisquietmanor,andthatMarxhimselfpreparedforthecenteroftheclamoroftheworld,andthatthedifferencewasonlyappliedtotheother.

-Liebknecht

Darwin'sdominantideain"theoriginofspecies",thatis,"naturalchoice",willbeacceptedasascientificallydeterminedtruth.Ithasallthefeaturesofthegreatnaturalsciencetruth,blurredfortheclear,complexandsimple,andaddsalotofnewthingstotheoldknowledge.Darwinisthegreatestrevolutionistofthiscentury,andevenofallthecentury'snaturalhistory.

-BritishbotanistWatson

Ithinkthe"originofthespecies"ofthisbookisnomatterhowgooditis,itcantouchthosewhoknownothingaboutthisproblem.AsforDarwin'stheory,Iampreparedtosupportthefireeventhroughfireandwater.

-BritishnaturalistHuxley

PsychologyhistorianD.Schultzcommentedin1981:"IntheDarwiniantheory,theimportanceofthepsychologicalfactorsofspeciesevolutionisobvious,andheoftencitesthehumanandanimalconsciousnessreaction.AsaresultofpsychologyandevolutionInthesenseofconsistency,sopsychologyhastoacceptthisevolutionarypointofview.

1809years

Darwin'sworksinfluencedpsychologyfromfouraspects

1,itemphasizesthecontinuityofthepsychologicalfunctionbetweenanimalsandhumans;

2,itchangesthesubjectofpsychologyintothefunctionofconsciousnessratherthanthecontentofconsciousness,changesthegoalofpsychologytostudytheadaptationoftheorganismtoitsenvironment;

3,whichprovidesreasonableevidenceforavarietyofalternativesurveysandresearchmethods,ratherthanconfinementtoexperimentalintrospection;

4,itfocusesonindividualdifferencesbetweenmembersofthesamespecies.

Darwinhasaspecialinfluenceonthedevelopmentoffunctionalism.HistheoryofevolutionhasledtotheriseofthepsychologyofAmericanopportunism,whichhasopenedaneweraofAmericanpsychology.

查爾斯·羅伯特·達爾文主要著作及信件1835-1862

1835:"AbstractsfromletterstoProfessorHenslow"

1836:"TahitiandNewZealandandotherregionsofthemoralstatusreport"(ALETTER,ContainingRemarksontheMoralStateofTAHITI,NEWZEALAND,or,PedunculatedCirripedes.

1851:"Monroefossil"AMonographontheFossilLepadidae;or,PedunculatedCirripedesofGreatBritain

1854:"MonographoftheSub-classCirripedia,withFiguresofalltheSpecies.TheBalanidae(orSessileCirripedes);theVerrucidae,etc.

1854:"CeratoidesandAquaculture"AMonographontheFossilBalanid?andVerrucid?ofGreatBritain.

1858:"discussingthetendencyofspeciestoformvariants;andontheTendencyofSpeciestoformVarietiesandonthePerpetuationofVarietiesandSpeciesbyNaturalMeansofSelection"Anunpublishedbook.

1958:"autobiographyofCharlesDarwin",Barlow(Barlow)compiledbythefullversion.1859:"OntheOriginofSpeciesbyMeansofNaturalSelection,orthePreservationofFavouredRacesintheStruggleforLife",thecompletetitleis"BasedonNaturalSelectionorSurvivalinSurvivalCompetition"origin".

1862:"ThevariouscontrivancesbywhichBritishandforeignorchidsarefertilisedbyinsects".

1868-1903

1868:"VariationofPlantsandAnimalsUnderDomestication"(VariationofPlantsandAnimalsUnderDomestication).1871:"TheDescentofMan,andSelectioninRelationtoSex",alsoknownas"humanorigin".

1872:"TheExpressionofEmotionsinManandAnimals".

1875:"MovementandHabitsofClimbingPlants".

1875:InsectivorousPlants.

1876:"TheeffectsofCrossandSelf-FertilationintheVegetableKingdom"(TheEffectsofCrossandSelf-FertilationintheVegetableKingdom).

1877:"TheDifferentFormsofFlowersonPlantsoftheSameSpecies".1879:Prefaceandapreliminarynotice,inErnstKrause'sErasmusDarwin.

1880:"ThePowerofMovementinPlants".

1881:"Theformationofhumusandtheroleofearthworms"(TheFormationofVegetableMoldThroughtheActionofWorms),alsoknownas"earthworms".

1887:"LifeandLettersofCharlesDarwin",writtenbyFrancisDarwin.

1903:"MoreLetterso