2019山東臨沂中考英語解析

#2019年臨沂市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試試題英語第I卷（選擇題共55分）一、聽力測(cè)試（共15小題，計(jì)15分）注意:聽力測(cè)試分四部分，共20小題。做題時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案畫在試卷上,錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，將所選答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。（一）（2019山東臨沂）聽句子，選擇與句子內(nèi)容相對(duì)應(yīng)的圖片。每個(gè)句子讀兩遍。（二）（2019山東臨沂）聽對(duì)話和問題，根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。對(duì)話和問題都讀兩遍。A.Todobusiness.B.Tovisitherfriends.C.Tostudymedicine.A.Sally's.B.Alan's.C.Danny's.A.Somechicken.B.Somesandwiches.C.Somefish.A.Hewillgotothepark.B.Hewillprepareforaparty.C.Hewilltakeanexam.A.Athome.B.Ontheplayground.C.Inthelibrary.（三）（2019山東臨沂）聽短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤，正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。短文讀兩遍。聽短文前，你們有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀下列句子。HelenThayerwasthefirstwomanwhowalkedtotheNorthPole（北極）alone.HelenwasbornintheUnitedStates.HelenhadadreamtowalktotheNorthPolealonewhenshewasforty.Onherjourney,Helenwalked345milesinfreezingweatherconditions.Once,sevenpolarbears（北極熊）wantedtoeatHelen.Luckily,shesavedherself.請(qǐng)考生們翻到第7頁,先找到第四大題。你們將有5秒鐘的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間?！敬鸢浮俊韭犃Σ牧稀慷?、單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題，計(jì)15分）選擇最佳答案。（2019山東臨沂）Berlinis capitalofGermany.A./B.aC.theC考查冠詞用法。句意：柏林是德國的首都。根據(jù)句意可知表示特指“德國的首都”。故選C。（2019山東臨沂）Intheworld,morethan30%ofschoolsdonotprovidesafedrinkingwater about570millionchildren.A.withB.forC.towardsB考查介詞的用法。句意：在世界上，超過30%的學(xué)校沒有為大約5.7億兒童提供安全的飲用水。固定搭配providesth.forsb.意為“為某人提供某物”。故選B。（2019山東臨沂）IfIleavemyhouseat9o'clockanddrivetotheairport,I'llarriveatabout11.Soit'sabouttwo drivefrommyhousetotheairport.A.hours'B.hour'sC.hoursA考查名詞所有格。句意：如果我9點(diǎn)離開家開車去機(jī)場(chǎng)，我將在11點(diǎn)左右到達(dá)。所以從我家到機(jī)場(chǎng)大約有兩個(gè)小時(shí)的車程。基數(shù)詞two后用名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填hours，此處指“兩個(gè)小時(shí)的車程”，用名詞所有格，故在hours后加“'"。故選A。（2019山東臨沂）一I'mgettinghungry.Doyouknowwherewecangetsomegoodfood?—Ofcourse!There arestaurantaroundthecorner.A.willbeB.wasC.isC考查therebe句型。句意：一我餓了。你知道我們?cè)谀睦锟梢再I到好食物嗎？—當(dāng)然有!拐角處有一家餐館。根據(jù)上文語境可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，be動(dòng)詞與后面相鄰的主語保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致，本句主語為arestaurant，為單數(shù)，故選C。（2019山東臨沂）Arecentsurveyshowsthat44percentofAmericanswanttouseself-drivingcars, 34percentbelievethattheywillmaketheroadsmoredangerous.A.althoughB.becauseC.ifA考查連詞的用法。句意：最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，44%的美國人希望使用自動(dòng)駕駛汽車，盡管34%的人認(rèn)為這將使道路更加危險(xiǎn)。although”盡管；雖然”because“因?yàn)椤保籭f“如果”。由句意可知前后句表示讓步關(guān)系，故選A。（2019山東臨沂）Tenniscanexerciseallofourmuscles（肌肉）.Anditrequirestospendtimewithothers.Thisisgoodforourhealthtoo.A.oursB.usC.weB考查人稱代詞的用法。句意：網(wǎng)球可以鍛煉我們的肌肉。它需要我們花時(shí)間和別人在一起。這對(duì)我們的健康也有好處。動(dòng)詞require后跟人稱代詞賓格作賓語，故選B。（2019山東臨沂）Antsareprettysmall.Youmightthinkthattheyberatherweak.Butwhatyoumightnotknowisthatantsareactuallyverystrongfortheirsize.A.needB.can'tC.mustC考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：螞蟻非常小。你可能認(rèn)為他們一定很弱小。但你可能不知道的是，就螞蟻的體型而言，它們實(shí)際上非常強(qiáng)壯。must表示肯定推測(cè)，意為“一定"；can't表示否定推測(cè)，意為“不可能”，故選C。（2019山東臨沂）"Left-behind"childrenseetheirparents,becausetheirparentsworkinthecities,leavingthembehindinthecountrysidetobecaredforbytheirgrandparents.A.alwaysB.hardlyeverC.oftenB句意：留守兒童很少見到他們的父母，因?yàn)樗麄兊母改冈诔鞘泄ぷ鳎阉麄兞粼谵r(nóng)村由他們的祖父母照顧。always“總是"；hardlyever“幾乎不"；often“經(jīng)?！?。根據(jù)“他們的父母在城市里工作”可推知，他們幾乎見不到他們的父母。故選B。（2019山東臨沂）Aroundtheworld,300milliontonsofplastic eachyear,ofwhichabout10percentendsupinthesea.A.iscreatedB.wascreatedC.createsA考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。句意：全球每年制造出3億噸塑料，其中約10%最終流入大海。根據(jù)句意和句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語300milliontonsofplastic和謂語動(dòng)詞create之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，由時(shí)間狀語eachyear可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故選A（2019山東臨沂）RoyworksinLondon.It himabouthalfanhourtogettoworkbybuseveryday.AcostsB.spendsC.takesC考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：羅伊在倫敦工作。他每天乘公共汽車去上班大約需要半個(gè)小時(shí)。。固定句型Ittakestimetodosth.意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”。故選C。（2019山東臨沂）Cathysoldsomeofherthingsinayardsaleand themoneytoachildren'shome.A.gaveawayB.gaveupc.gaveoutA考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：凱茜在一次庭院拍賣會(huì)上賣掉了她的一些東西，把錢捐給了一個(gè)兒童之家。giveaway捐贈(zèng)；giveup放棄；giveout分發(fā)。根據(jù)句意“賣掉東西”和“兒童之家”可知是“捐贈(zèng)”。故選A。（2019山東臨沂）Meltingice（融冰）cancausesealevelstorise.Since1993,sealevels ataspeedof32cmevery10years.A.roseB.haverisenC.riseB考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：融化的冰會(huì)導(dǎo)致海平面上升。自1993年以來，海平面每10年以32厘米的速度上升。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since1993可知謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（2019山東臨沂）Abreakbetweenclassesisagoodtimeforstudentstoplaysportsandtalkwiththeirclassmates.Soit helpswithstudents'health, improvestheirsocialskills.A.either;orB.neither;norC.notonly;butalsoC考查連詞辨析。句意：課間休息是學(xué)生們做運(yùn)動(dòng)和與同學(xué)交談的好時(shí)間。因此，它不僅有助于學(xué)生的健康，而且提高他們的社交技能。either…or…“或者……或者……”；neither...nor...“既不 也不 ”；notonly...butalso...“不但 而且 ”。根據(jù)句意“有助于學(xué)生的健康”和“提高他們的社交技能”可知表示“不但……而且……”，故選C。（2019山東臨沂）PeppaPig（《小豬佩奇》）isaBritishcartoon hasbeenpopularinChinaandismuchlovedbylittlechildrenandtheirparents.A.whoB.whichC./B考查定語從句。句意：《小豬佩奇》是一部英國卡通片，在中國很受歡迎，深受小孩子和他們的父母的喜愛。根據(jù)句意和句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知本句為定語從句，定語從句的先行詞為cartoon，指物，用which或that，在定語從句中作主語，故不能省略。（2019山東臨沂）Arebabiescarefree（無憂無慮）?AnewstudyfromtheUSsaysthat2-year-oldbabiescareabout .A.howotherssawthemB.howdoothersseethemC.howothersseethemC考查賓語從句。句意：嬰兒無憂無慮嗎？美國的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，兩歲的嬰兒很在意別人怎么看他們。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知是賓語從句，用陳述語序，結(jié)合句意可知賓語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選C。三、閱讀理解。（共25小題，計(jì)25分）A（2019山東臨沂）Doyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes（音量）?Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbadforyourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss（聽力喪失）,becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumescanharmyourhearing.TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB（分貝）foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinnerear.Mostofusarebornwithabout16,000haircells（聽毛細(xì)胞）inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,youmightfeeluncomfortableThe"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisaboutequalto（相當(dāng)于）thenoiseofasubway.Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over-the-earheadphones（頭戴式耳機(jī)）arebetterthanin-earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.Don'tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.Followthe60:60rule:listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutesaday.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutesListeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie.Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis.In-earheadphonesarebetterthanover-the-earonesbecausetheycanstopmoreoutsidenoise.35.Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.體裁說明文話題(77)科普知識(shí)詞數(shù)364【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，本文介紹了超過85分貝的聲音，對(duì)人聽力的損害并提出安全傾聽的建議。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dBforeighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.可知，聽85分貝以上的聲音8小時(shí)或100分貝以上的聲音15分鐘是不安全的。故表述與原文不符。A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohard,andcausesomeofthemtodie.可知，然而，長時(shí)間聽太大的噪音會(huì)使這些細(xì)胞工作過度，導(dǎo)致一些細(xì)胞死亡。故表述與原文相符。A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第四句Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.可知，例如，如果你在像地鐵這樣嘈雜的地方，你可能會(huì)把音樂開得太大而沒有意識(shí)到。故表述與原文表述相符。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句Over-the-earheadphonesarebetterthanin-earones.可知，戴在耳朵外面的耳機(jī)比戴在耳朵里的好。故本句表述與原文不符。B主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了高音對(duì)人們聽力損害以及給人們的一些建議。故表述與原文不符。B（2019山東臨沂）Doyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearnsomethingaboutthestruggles（奮斗）ofgreatscientists.TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1readatypicaltextbookthatdescribestheachievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readaboutthosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Einstein（愛因斯坦）ranawayfromNaziGermanytoavoidpersecution（迫害）.Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotoldstudentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles（障礙）.Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Afterthesix-weekstudy,theytook

another.ScientistsfoundthoseinGroups2and3improvedtheirsciencegrades.StudentsinGroup1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhadlowergradesafterthestudy.ThestudywasledbyXiaodongLin-Siegler,ateacheratColumbiaUniversity.AccordingtoXiaodong,kidsoftenthinkEinsteinwastrulyintelligent.Theybelievetheywillnevermatchhim.Manyofthemfailtorealizethatanysuccessrequiresalongjourney.Alongtheway,therearemanyfailures（失敗）.Studentswhoreadthestrugglestoriesmoreprobablysaidthatgreatscientistswerelikethemselves.The"greatminds"alsohadtoovercomeobstaclestoachievesuccess.Xiaodongsaystoday'ssciencetextbooksfailtobringsciencetolife.Asaresult,studentsseldomregardscienceaspartoftheireverydaylives.Instead,theyjustseealonglistoffactsthattheyhavetoremember.Xiaodongthinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed.Andstudentsshouldfocusmoreonhowthesescientistsdealtwiththeobstaclestheymetalongtheway.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAccordingtothearticle,studentscanimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygradesby .readingtheachievementsofgreatscientistsmorecarefullylisteningmorecarefullytotheirphysicsandchemistryteacherslearningabouthowgreatscientistsdealtwiththeirobstaclesAllofthestudentswhotookpartinthestudy .wereinterestedinphysicsandchemistrywenttoschoolinNewYorkCitywantedtoimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygradesAndyHuntwasoneofthestudentswhotookpartinthestudy.Accordingtohisreportcard,hewasprobablyamemberof .AndyHuntClass2,Grade9Physics2018.4-9 862018-5-2279Group1Group2Group3Group1Group2Group3InParagraphFour,theword"match"means" "inChinese.A.滿足 B.比得上 C.配對(duì)XiaodongLin-Sieglerthinkssciencetextbooksshould .tellstudentsdirectlythatEinsteinwasbornacommonmanmakethelonglistsoffactsthatstudentshavetoremembermoreinterestingincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed體裁說明文話題（76）數(shù)字與數(shù)據(jù)詞數(shù)321【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，本文通過美國的一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，提高物理和化學(xué)成績，應(yīng)該多了解一些科學(xué)家為科學(xué)研究克服一些障礙的故事。C主旨大意題。本文通過美國的一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，提高物理和化學(xué)成績，應(yīng)該多了解一些科學(xué)家為科學(xué)研究克服一些障礙的故事。故選C。B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.可知，來自紐約市的400多名學(xué)生參加了這次活動(dòng)。從而可判斷出，這些學(xué)生都是來自紐約的學(xué)生，故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。分析題意可知，AndyHunt的成績?cè)谙陆?，又根?jù)第三段最后兩句StudentsinGroup1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhadlowergradesafterthestudy.可知，第一組的學(xué)生沒有看到成績的提高。他們中的一些人甚至在實(shí)驗(yàn)后的分?jǐn)?shù)更低。故選A。B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“孩子們常常認(rèn)為愛因斯坦真的很聰明”，從而可推知，他們（孩子們）相信他們永遠(yuǎn)也比不上他。故選B。C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)最后兩句Xiaodongthinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed.可知，曉東認(rèn)為教科書應(yīng)該包括更多關(guān)于偉大的科學(xué)家如何奮斗才能成功的故事。故選C。C（2019山東臨沂）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容.從方框中選出恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使語意通順完整。第一個(gè)方框供41-45小題選用，第二個(gè)方框供46-50小題選用。每個(gè)選項(xiàng)只能使用一次，每框有一項(xiàng)剩余。A.cometrueB.everythingC.assoonasD.richestE.fingerF.nothingManyyearsago,therewasaGreekkingnamedMidas.KingMidaslovedgoldverymuch.Hehadmoregoldthananyotherkingintheworld,buthestillwantedmore.Oneday,abeautifulfairy（仙子）cametohispalace."Midas,youarethe41manintheworld,"saidthefairy."Yes,"saidtheking,"butIwantmoregoldbecausegoldisthemostwonderfulthingintheworld!""Yourwishwill42,"saidthefairy."Fromtomorrowmorning,youcanturneverythingyoutouchintogold."KingMidasgotupveryearlythenextmorning.Hewantedtoseeifhiswishhadreallycometrue.Hetouchedhisbedwithhis43andthebedwasturnedintogold.Thekingwaswildwithjoy.Heranaroundhispalaceandtouchedeverythinghesaw.Everythingwasturnedintogold!Thekingfelthungryafterrunningaroundforalongtime.Hedecidedtohavehisbreakfast.However,44hetouchedabowlofmilk,thebowl,togetherwiththemilkinit,wasturnedintogold.What'smore,thebreadandthemeatwerealsoturnedintogoldwhenhetouchedthem.Intheend,thepoorkingate45.A.wonderfulB.terribleC.withD.daughter'sE.rightawayF.rushedKingMidaswassittinghungrilyatthedinnertablewhenhislittledaughterrantohim.Hehuggedherandthelittlegirlbecameagoldstatue雕塑）46.Thekingfeltafraid."Fairy,"heshouted,"takeawaythis47gift!Givemebackmylittlegirl!"Inamoment,thefairywasstandingbeforehim."Doyoustillthinkthatgoldisthegreatestthingintheworld?"askedthefairy"No,no!"criedtheking."Ihavelearnedmylesson!""Verywell,"saidthefairy."Thereisaspring（泉）inthegarden.Sprinkle（灑）thingsthatyouhavetouched48thewaterfromthespring."Theking49tothespring.Heranbackwithabottleofwaterandsprinkledthewateronhis50head.Soon,thelittlegirlcametolife.Hethensprinkledhisbreakfast.Tohisgreatjoy,itturnedbacktorealbreadandmeat!http:〃/GZYY-SYS201501100602007089258025.html答案：41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 體裁記敘文話題(82)故事詞數(shù)368【主旨大意】本文敘述了希臘一位貪婪的國王喜歡金子，要求仙女多給他金子，仙女決定懲罰他，讓他的手指接觸的任何東西或人都變成金子，這讓國王后悔不已。故事告訴我們：做人不要太貪心,貪心不足蛇吞象，上帝給人帶來的不僅僅是福祉。D根據(jù)上文Hehadmoregoldthananyotherkingintheworld可知，他是世界上最富有的人。修飾man用形容詞，故選D。A句意：你的愿望會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。根據(jù)句意并結(jié)合主語yourwish可知選A。E根據(jù)with和his可知，此處填名詞，結(jié)合句意“他用手指摸了摸床，床就變成了金子?！笨芍xE。C分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處填連詞，結(jié)合上下文語義可知，然而，他一摸到一碗牛奶，碗里的牛奶就變成了金子。F結(jié)合上文...hetouchedabowlofmilk,thebowl,togetherwiththemilkinit,wasturnedintogold.可知，他什么也沒有吃。E根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處填時(shí)間狀語，結(jié)合上下文可知，他擁抱了她，小女孩馬上變成了一座雕塑。B依據(jù)空后的名詞可知應(yīng)填形容詞，結(jié)合上文語境可知，這個(gè)禮物令人可怕，故選B。C根據(jù)上下文語境并結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處要用介詞，表示“用”應(yīng)用介詞withF根據(jù)上下文語境并結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填謂語動(dòng)詞，國王沖到泉水邊。D根據(jù)上下文可知此處指“他女兒的頭”。D（2019山東臨沂）Wehavefoundplasticintheoceanandinanimalslikebirds,fishandwhales.Butforthefirsttime,scientistshavefoundplasticinhumanpoop（大便）,USATodayreported.ThefindingscamefromastudyledbyscientistsfromEnvironmentAgencyAustria.51Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweekandthenprovidedastoolsample（大便樣本）fortesting.52About20smallplasticparticles（顆粒）werefoundinevery10grams（克）ofstool."Thesmallestplasticparticlescanentertheblood,thelymphaticsystem,andmayevenreachtheliver（肝臟）,"saidPhilippSchwabl,whotookpartintheresearch.53They'renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers'bodies,either.Butmostofthevolunteerssaidtheydrankfromplasticbottlesandalsoateseafoodthatcouldincludeplasticfromoceanpollution.Infact,plasticiseverywherearoundus.Everyyear,lotsofplasticwastegoesintotheocean.54Mostoftheparticlesstayintheocean.Otherscanspreadintothesoil.andair.Couldplasticintheairfallontofoodandgetintothehumanbody?Somepaststudiesmayalsogiveusaclue.55Andevensomedrinkingwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選出五個(gè)句子填入文中空缺處，使短文內(nèi)容通順完整。There,sunlightandwaves（海浪）breaktheplasticwastedowntoverysmallpieces.Thescientistsaresurethattheplasticmustbeharmfultohumans.AccordingtoUSAToday,90%ofseasaltwhichissoldintheworldincludesplastic.Thescientistsfollowedeighthealthyvolunteersfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.However,thescientistsaren'tsureiftheplasticisharmfultohumans.Scientistsfoundninedifferentkindsofplasticinthestoolsamples,accordingtothestudy.答案：51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 體裁說明文話題（74）環(huán)境保護(hù)（塑料污染）詞數(shù)220【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在人類大便中存在塑料顆粒，傷害了人類的身體健康。D根據(jù)下文Thevolunteerswrotedownwhattheyateforaweekandthenprovidedastoolsamplefortesting.可知，志愿者們寫下他們吃了一個(gè)星期，然后提供糞便樣本進(jìn)行測(cè)試。從而可推知與志愿者有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，故選D。F根據(jù)下文About20smallplasticparticles（顆粒）werefoundinevery10grams（克）ofstool.可知此處介紹的是：科學(xué)家們?cè)诩S便樣本中發(fā)現(xiàn)了不同的塑料。故選F。E根據(jù)下文They'renotsurehowtheplasticgotinthevolunteers'bodies,either.一句，特另1是句中的either一詞可知，前面也要用否定結(jié)構(gòu)，即“科學(xué)家們并不確定這種塑料是否對(duì)人類有害”。故選E。A根據(jù)上文Everyyear,lotsofplasticwastegoesintotheocean.和下文Mostoftheparticlesstayintheocean.可知，在這里，陽光和海浪把塑料垃圾分解成很小的碎片。故選A。C根據(jù)Andevensomedrinkingwaterhasbeenfoundtohavetinyplasticparticlesinit.可知，據(jù)《今日美國》報(bào)道，世界上銷售的90%的海鹽都含有塑料。故選C。2019年臨沂市初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試試題

英語第II卷（非選擇題共45分）四、（2019山東臨沂）聽寫（共5小題，計(jì)5分）聽對(duì)話，根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容完成下列句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。對(duì)話讀三遍。聽對(duì)話前，你們有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀下列句子。WhenisDavegoingtoaconcert?Heisgoingon afternoon.Whattimedoestheconcertfinish?Itfinishesat .HowwillDaveandAlicegototheconcert?Theywillgetthere .Howmuchisaconcertticket?Itisonly dollars.WhatdoesDaveaskAlicetobringtotheconcert?HeasksAlicetobringa totheconcert.五、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換（共8小題，計(jì)8分）用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，每空格限填一詞。（2019山東臨沂）Ifelt lyinginthesunonthebeach.（relax）relaxed句意：躺在沙灘上曬太陽，我感到很放松。連系動(dòng)詞feel后跟形容詞作表語，主語為人，故填relaxed。（2019山東臨沂）Thelittleboysaid,"Iamoldenoughtotakegoodcareof "（my）myself句意：小男孩說:“我已經(jīng)長大了，可以好好地照顧自己了。"takecareofoneself意為“照顧自己”。（2019山東臨沂）Ourteamlostthegamebecauseweplayedvery （bad）.badly句意：我們隊(duì)輸了比賽，因?yàn)槲覀兇虻煤懿?。修飾行為?dòng)詞play需用副詞。（2019山東臨沂）InAmerica,95%ofpetownersthinkoftheiranimalsasfamily .（member）members句意：在美國，95%的寵物主人認(rèn)為他們的寵物是一家人。根據(jù)句意和theiranimals可知用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。AteamofclimbersfromPekingUniversityreachedthetopoftheworld's mountain,Qomolangma,onMay15,2018.（high）highest句意：2018年5月15日，北京大學(xué)登山隊(duì)登上世界最高峰珠穆朗瑪峰。根據(jù)句意并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，用形容詞最高級(jí)。（2019山東臨沂）Scientistsaroundtheworldareworkingto amedicineforAIDS（艾滋?。?（cover）66.discover句意：世界各地的科學(xué)家正在努力尋找治療艾滋病的藥物。cover意為“覆蓋”，discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)；尋找”。（2019山東臨沂）Haveyouevercutyourfingerontheedge（邊緣）ofabookpage?Thesmallcutonyourfingerisso .（pain）painful句意：你曾經(jīng)在書頁邊緣割破了手指嗎？你手指上的小傷口很疼。be動(dòng)詞后跟形容詞作表語，并結(jié)合句意可知填painful。（2019山東臨沂）Thereareabout6,000'languagesthatarespokenaroundtheworld,but43%ofthemaredyingout.Ifno istaken,someoftheselanguageswilldisappear.（act）action句意：世界上大約有6000種語言在使用，但其中43%正在消失。如果不采取行動(dòng)，這些語言中的一些將會(huì)消失。takeaction意為“采取行動(dòng)”。六、動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用（共7小題，計(jì)7分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，必要時(shí)可加助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。（2019山東臨沂）AbusranoffabridgeintotheYangtzeRiverinChongqingonOctober28,2018.Theaccident69（cause）byafightbetweenthedriverandapassenger,killingall15peopleonthebus.Accordingtothepolicereport,a48-year-oldfemalepassenger,surnamedLiu,arguedwiththedriver,surnamedRan.LiuwasangrybecauseRanrefused70（stop）thebusaftershemissedherstation.Shethenhitthedriver,causingtheaccident.ThevideoshowsthatLiuhitRanwithhermobilephonetwicewhileRan71（drive）thebus.Ratherthanstopinthemiddleoftheroad,Rankeptdriving.Butinprotectinghimself,helostcontrolofthebusandatragedy（悲?。﹉appened.ThepolicesaidthatbothLiuandRanhadbrokencriminallawbyseriouslyendangering（危及)publicsafety.Andthepolice72(announce),"Liuhitthedriverwithherphoneandpreventedthedriverfromdrivingthebussafely.Thedriver,too,didn'tdohisbesttomakesurethathisdrivingwassafe."TheaccidentalsocausedheateddiscussionsontheInternet.Besidesfeelingterriblysorryforthetragedy,mostInternetusersblamed(指責(zé))Liu,whilesomeotherscriticizedthedriver.Moreusersweretalkingaboutwhattheyshoulddo.OneWeibousersaid,"We73(stand)upandstopsuchfightsbetweenpassengersanddrivers74(avoid)thiskindoftragedy."Anotheruseradvisedthatasafetybarrier(屏障)shouldbesetuponthebus.Itcanstoppassengersfrom75(touch)thebusdriver.體裁記敘文話題：（26）社會(huì)行為詞數(shù)263/story/128715.html【主旨大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了重慶一女乘客與司機(jī)激烈爭執(zhí)互毆致車輛失控，掉入江中，致15人死亡的故事，在社會(huì)上引發(fā)一片嘩然。wascaused根據(jù)上文時(shí)間狀語onOctober28,2018可知，用一般過去時(shí)，主語表物，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。tostoprefusetodosth.意為“拒絕做某事”。wasdriving連詞while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)合上下文語境可知用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。announced根據(jù)上文said可知此處也用一般過去時(shí)。shouldstand結(jié)合上下文語境可知，我們應(yīng)該站起來，制止乘客和司機(jī)之間的這種爭吵。toavoid結(jié)合句意“我們應(yīng)該站起來，制止乘客和司機(jī)之間的這種沖突，以避免這種悲劇”，用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語。touching固定句式stopsb.fromdoingsth.意為“阻止某人做某事”。答案：69. 70. 71. 72. 74. 75. 七、閱讀表達(dá)（共5題，計(jì)10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。（2019山東臨沂）Thepopulationoftheworldcontinuestoincrease,butinsomeareasthepopulationisfalling.ThisistrueinEuropeandespeciallyinEasternEurope.InRussia,thepopulationisgoingdownbyabout100peopleEVERYHOUR!Russia'spopulationcouldfallbyONETHIRDbytheyear2050!AndinPoland（波蘭）thepopulationisalsogoingdownbecausepeopleareleavingtoworkinothercountries.Oneofthemainreasonsisachangeoflifestyle.AlloverEuropepeople,especiallyeducatedwomen,haveadifferentattitude（態(tài)度）tochildrenthantheirparents."Ihaveonechildandsheisenoughforme,"saidGalinaTereschkova,adoctorfromMoscow."MyhusbandandIbothworkfull-time.Wecan'timaginehavingmorethanonechild."Manywomendecidetohavechildrenlaterinlifeornottohavechildrenatall."Idon'twanttohaveanychildrenuntilIhaveworkedforatleast10years,"said19-year-oldstudentHanaMarkovafromPrague.Heropinionistypicalof18-24yearoldwomeneverywhereinEurope.InPoland,thepopulationisgoingdownforadifferentreason.Alotofpeople,usuallyagedbetween20and30,areleavingthecountrytoworkabroad.PolandjoinedtheEuropeanUnionin2005andsincethenmorethanhalfamillionpeoplehavemovedtoBritain,Germany,SpainandItaly.Evenso,thepopulationofthosefourcountriesandmanyothercountriesinWestEuropeisalsogoingdown.Manygovernmentsareno