2020版高中英語新課標新增334個詞匯強化訓練 11

2020版高中英語新課標新增334個詞匯強化訓練11Cooperate,core,corporate9costume,council?county【核心提示】cooperatevi合作；協(xié)作；配合coren[C]果核；核心；最重要的部分adj基礎的；核心的corporateadj公司的；團體的costumen[C]&[U]（某地或某歷史時期的）服裝|；戲裝counciln[C]委員會；理事會；（英國的）地方議會countyn[C]（英國的）郡；（美國的）縣一、單項選擇.Ifshelpfultoputstudentsinasituationtheycanlearnhowtocooperatewitheachother.A.that B.when C.which D.petenceinacquiringEnglishtodaycomesfromtheabilitytoexpressoneselfratherthaninsimplypassingexams.A.Due B.RawC.Core D.Keen.Ourcapacityforinnovationisnotstrong,andourweaknesscoretechnologiesforkeyfieldsremainsavitalproblem.A.inresponseto B.inlinewithC.infaceof D.intermsof.Duringthelongsummerholidays,itisaforAmericanchildrentospendseveralweeksatsummercamps.A.costume B.custom C.customer D.feast.thecostumeandinthewing,thecomedianmovedhislipsasifrepeatingthelines.A.Dressedin,waiting B.Dressingin,waitingC.Puttingon,wait D.Havingon,bewaiting.AftertheUNSecurityCouncilimposedmostserioussanctionsonPyongyang,isneedednowisforall填onto.考查虛擬語氣。表示命令、要求、建議的詞order,command,request,require,demand,suggest等后面的賓語從句用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形，should可省略，故填(should)cooperate。.考查固定搭配。ratherthan而不是，故填rather。.考查詞性轉換。inorderto為了，后跟動詞原形,succeed成功，是動詞,故填succeedo.考查固定句型。so.?.that如此……以至于??.，信息和知識傳播得很快，以至于沒有人能夠掌握所有的知識和信息,故填thato.考查固定搭配。by通過，是介詞，后跟動名詞，bybeingflexible通過變得靈活，故填being。.考查介詞。_cooperation,wewilldevelopstrongerrelationships通過合作，我們將會建立起更加牢固的人際關系，故填Through/By。.考查非限制性定語從句。_arethesourceofhappinessandsatisfactioninlife這些人際關系是我們的幸福感和滿足感的來源，which指代relationships,故填whicho考點：考查詞性轉換；固定搭配；固定短語；結果狀語從句；非限制性定語從句2【答案】28.decorated29.attracting30.haswelcomed/hasbeenwelcoming31.but32.Obviously33.costumes34.greater35.where36.acceptance37.in【分析】這是一篇說明文，文章主要說明了中國越來越多的人開始穿傳統(tǒng)的“漢服”，這些具有歷史意義的漢族服飾正在復興，部分原因是政府正在推廣傳統(tǒng)文化，以增強愛國主義和民族認同感，同時說明了漢服的服裝特點，以不同的人為例來說明漢服的意義和影響。.考查非謂語動詞。decoraled此處做后置定語，修飾robe,意為：身穿一件以花卉刺繡裝飾的古代飄逸長袍，decorate和robe之間是被動關系，用過去分詞。故填decoratedo.考查非謂語動詞。attracting這里用現(xiàn)在分詞表示自然而然的結果。故填attracting。.考查時態(tài)。haswelcomed/hasbeenwelcoming此處是對謂語動詞的考查，從duringthelasedecades這個時間狀語，可知為現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。故填haswelcomed/hasbeenwelcomingo.考查連詞。句意：在過去的幾十年，中國人接受了西方的時尚和先進的未來技術，但是越來越多像肖航這樣的年輕人在穿著打扮上追求復古，穿起了漢服。所以前后句意是轉折關系，故填but。.考查副詞。此處副詞obviously修飾整個句子，用副詞。故用Obviously。.考查名詞。根據(jù)these可以推出此處主語應為復數(shù)，costume應使用復數(shù)形式。故填costumes0.考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)后面的higherdemand可以看出這里存在一個比較關系，因此用比較級，故填greatero.考查定語從句關系詞。句意：肖航現(xiàn)在經(jīng)營漢服生意，主要為漢服攝影顧客提供服裝搭配服務，有時還會策劃漢服形式婚禮。該句先行詞是抽象的地點名詞business,在定語從句中作地點狀語。故填whereo.考查名詞。該句中wide是形容詞，后面修飾名詞，故填acceptance0.考查固定搭配。此處inpublic,表示“公開地，在公共場合”，為固定搭配。故填in。partiestoshowwisdomandpatience.B.whatA.whichB.whatC.that D.whothepathofacountyistherightoneisamattertobedecidedbyitspeople.A.That B.What C.Whether D.Why一Whendidthecoupledie?—ItwasonMaytheearthquakehitWenchuanCounty.A.that B.which C.when D.whatItisreportedthatthescientistsinourcountyareallpossiblewaystocontrolH1N1flu.A.operatingB.designingC.replacing D.exploring二、閱讀理解1Everwonderedwhetherpunishmentactuallymakespeoplecooperate（合作）？Ateamofscientistscreatedanexperimenttofigureitoutandtheresultswereprettyunexpected.Tounderstandwhattheyfound,youhavetoknowwhythesescientistswerestudyingpunishment.Theyweretryingtofigureoutwhypeoplecooperatewhenit'softensoeasytoprofitatothersexpense.Whydon'tfriendsstealfromeachother?Whydoparentsbothertofeedtheirchildren?Iftheanswertothesequestionsisobvioustoyou,congratulations,youareaheadofscientists.They'restilltryingtofigureit_put.Inthisexperiment,researchershad225Chinesestudentsplayagame^hereifthestudentscooperated^hey^allgetanumberofpoints.Butifonedefected（變節(jié)）andeveryoneelsecooperated,thedefectorwouldgetalotofpoints,andthecooperatorswouldloseout.Thisgamerepresentsalotofreallifesituationswhereyoustrugglewithadecision:worktogetheranddoOK,orrunoffwiththerewards,ruiningeverybodyelse'sday.Thisisactuallyaprettyordinaryeconomicexperiment.Buttheresearchersaddedtwochangestoseeiftheycouldmimic（模擬〉therealworldbetter.Changeone:somestudentsplayedmanyroundstogether,sothey'dlearnwhotheycouldtrust.Changetwo:peoplecouldpunisheachother,sacrificingapointortwotodestroyanotherplayer'sscore.Intheend,theresearchersfoundthatplayingmultipleroundsmadepeoplecooperatemore,whichdefinitelymimicshumansociety.Butthewholepunishmentthingledtoasurprise:punishingdidn'tactuallymakepeoplecooperatemore.Infact,itmadethemcooperateless.Sothescientistsstilldon'tknowwhypeoplecooperate,thoughitlookslikeithasmoretodowithgroupsstickingtogetherthanitdoeswithpunishment..Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?A.Whyfriendsdon'tstealfromeachother.B.Whyresearchersarestudyingpunishment.C.Whypeoplealwaysprofitatothers'expense.D.Whypeoplecooperateratherthantakeadvantageofothers.l.Whathappenedtoadefectorintheexperiment?A.Helostout. B.Hebenefitedmore.C.Hegotpunished. D.Hebecametheleader..Whatconclusionisdrawnfromtheexperiment?A.Punishinghelpspeoplerealizetheirmistakes.B.Cooperatingisawin-winpolicytoall.C.Punishmentwon'tworkasexpected.D.Peoplewhochoosetocooperateareselfless..Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Doespunishingpeopleactuallywork?B.Whyispunishmentappliedtocooperation?C.Howcanpunishmentcontributetocooperation?D.Whatisthebestwaytomakepunishmenteffective?2TheOccupyWallStreetprotestmovementhasraisedseriousquestionsabouttheroleofcapitalistinstitutions,particularlycorporationsinAmericansociety.WellbeforethefirstprotestersetfootinZucottiPark,aheckler(擾亂分子)urgedMittRomneytotaxcorporationsratherthanpeopie.Romney'sresponse—"Corporationsarepeople”stirredabriefbutintensecontroversy.Nowthousandsofdemonstratorshaveineffectjoinedtheheckler,denouncing(抨擊)corporationsas“enemiesofthepeople.”Farmoreimportantthanquestionsaboutwhatcorporationsareisthequestionofwhatattitudeweshouldhavetowardthem.Shouldwe,ascorporatepublicrelationsstatementsoftensuggest,thinkofthemasfriends(ifwebuyandaresatisfiedwiththeirproducts)orasfamily(ifweworkforthem)?Doesitmakesensetobeloyaltoacorporationaseitheracustomerorasanemployee?Moregenerally,evengrantedthatcorporationsarenotfullypersonsinthewaythatindividualsare,dotheyhavesomeimportantmoralstandinginoursociety?Myanswertoallthesequestionsisno,becausecorporationshavenocorededicationtofundamentalhumanvalues.Suchcorporationsexistasinstrumentsofprofitfortheirshareholders.Infact,lefttothemselves,theycanbeseriousthreatstohumanvaluesthatconflictwiththegoalofcorporateprofit.Corporationsareaparticularthreattotruth,avalueessentialinademocracy,whichplacesapremiumontheinformeddecisionsofindividualcitizens.Thecorporatethreatismostapparentinadvertising,whichexplicitlyaimsatconvincingustopreferaproductregardlessofitsactualmerit.Theirdefininggoalistogenerateprofit.Therearecaseswhentellingthetruthisthebestmeanstoadvancecorporateprofits.In1982,whensevenpeopleinChicagodiedfrompoisonedTylenol,Johnson&Johnsonappealedtoitscredo,whichmakesconcernforitscustomersprimarycorporategoal,andtoldtheentiretruthaboutwhathadhappened.Thishonestyturnedapotentialpublic-relationsdisasterintoatriumph.ButJohnson&Johnson'simpressivecorporatecredoendsbysaying,“Ourfinalresponsibilityistoourstockholdersandmustmakesolidprofit.Thecredoisunclearaboutwhathappenswhenthereisaconflictbetweenresponsibleactionandlong-termprofit.Noneofthismeansthatcorporationsareevilorthatsocialismshouldreplacethefree-enterprisesystem.AsMichelFoucaultsaidofallpowerstructures,it'snotthatcorporationsarebadbutthattheyaredangerous.Theself-servingcorporatespeechthatfillsourmediaandhallsofgovernmentisparticularlydangerousforourdemocracy.Atleastforthisreason,theOccupyWallStreetprotestersarerighttodistrustcorporations.14.MittRomneymostprobablybelievesthat.A.individualsshouldpaymoretaxesthancorporationsB.corporationsshouldnotbeforcedtopaymoretaxesC.peopleshouldcaremoreaboutcorporations'developmentD.corporationsshouldenjoyallthelegalrightsaspeopledoAccordingtoParagraphs2and3,itcanbeinferredthatcorporations.A.shouldbesetasmoralexamplesofthesocietyB.takeemployees,faithfulnessaspartoftheirgoalsC.contributelittletothemostessentialhumanvaluesD.areactuallymeansbywhichpeopleshareprofits16.The1982eventiscitedinParagraph3toillustratethatA.colorationsalwaysmakeprofitsattheexpenseofpeople'shealthB.customersshouldalwayskeepaneyeonthequalityofanyproductC.corporationstakeeconomicprofitastheirpriorityessentiallyD.corporationprofitisalwaysincontradictionwithcustomerinterests17.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Corporations,PeopleandTruthB.CorporationsAreDifferentfromPeopleC.CorporationsAreUntrustworthyD.TheOccupyWallStreetProtest三、語法填空1Today,manypeoplethink18.(compete)isthekeytosuccess.Theypursuetheirown19.(person)goalswithnoregardforthepeoplearoundthem.Ibelievesuchthinkingis2￡Lofdate.Contemporarysocietydemandsthatwe2-L(cooperate)withothers.Realsuccesswillcomewhenwegrowtogether,22Jhanholdeachotherdown.Inorderto23.(success),wemustcooperatetosolveproblems.Today,informationandknowledgearegrowingsorapidly24.noindividualcanmastereverything.Weneedeachothertofillinthegapsinourknowledgeandunderstanding.By25.(be)flexible,supportiveandwillingtocompromise,wewillhavemoresuccessinourlivesanderation,wewilldevelopstrongerrelationships.27.arethesourceofhappinessandsatisfactioninlife,andachievemore.2閱讀下而材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热?1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。Dressedinnflowinglongrobe28,(decorate)withfloralembroidery(花卉刺繡)fromapastera,stylistXiaoHanglookslikeshesurfacedfromatimemachine.ShewalksacrossthenoisyBeijingsubway,29.(attract)curiousglancesandquestions.China池(welcome)westernfashionandfuturistictechnologyduringthelastdecades,agrowingnumberofyoungpeoplelikeXiaoarelookingtothepastfortheirdressingchoices. (obvious),theyprefertoputontraditional“hanfu"，or“Hanclothingv.Thesehistoric翁(costume)oftheHanethnicmajorityareenjoyingarenaissancebecausethegovernmentispromotingtraditionalculture.Perioddramashavealsocontributedtoa31-.(great)interestintraditionalChineseclothingandahigherdemandforit.Xiao,whousedtoworkatastate-ownedmachinemanufacturingcompany,nowrunsherownhanfubusiness^,shedressescustomersforphotoshootsandevenplanshanfu-styleweddings.However,thereissomewaybeforethestylereacheswide(accept)inChina.Manypeoplesaytheirhesitationisduetotheoddlookstheygetwhenwearinghanfu37.public.答案與解析一、l.D【解析】試題分析：句意：將學生置于可以讓他們學會怎么彼此合作的形勢下是很有幫助的。這里使用了定語從句，先行詞是situation,定語從句中不缺主賓表，缺少的是地點狀語，用where引導定語從句，所以選D。考點：考查定語從句.C【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：當今，英語學習的核心能力來自于表達自己的能力，而不是簡單的通過考試的能力。A.due到期的，預期的；B.raw生的，無經(jīng)驗的；C.core最重要的，主要的，基本的；D.keen渴望的；強烈的。故選Co.D【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：我們的創(chuàng)新能力并不強，我們在關鍵領域的核心科技的弱點依然是個重要的問題。inresponseto響應,回答;inlinewith…與…一致，相符;infaceof...面對；intermsof在…方面。指在某方面的弱點，故選Do.D【解析】試題分析：考查名詞。A.costume服裝；B.custom風俗習慣；C.customer顧客；D.feast節(jié)日，宴會。長署假期間，這是美國孩子在夏令營度過的幾周中的一次宴會。故選D?？键c：考查名詞.A【解析】試題分析：考查非謂語動詞。動詞dress與句子主語thecomedian構成被動關系，所以其過去分詞的形式，dressed已經(jīng)轉換成形容詞。動詞waiting與thecomedian構成主動關系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞充當狀語。句意：穿著戲服在后臺等待，這個戲劇演員動嘴唇好像在重復臺詞。故A正確。考點：考查非謂語動詞6.B【解析】考查名詞從句的連接詞。句意：聯(lián)合國安理會對平壤實施了最嚴厲的制裁之后，現(xiàn)在需要的是各方拿出智慧和耐心。分析句子可知_isneedednow是名詞從句，名詞從句中缺少主語，指物作主語，要用what,名詞從句中如果不缺少成分要用that,缺少人，在用who,而what與which的區(qū)別在于what沒有范圍而which有范圍，分析本句中可知沒有范圍，故選B.C【詳解】考查主語從句。句意：一個縣城的道路是否是正確的路，由它的人民決定。分析句子可知，"thepathofacountyistherightone”是名詞性從句中的主語從句，不缺成分，但缺少意思“是否"，whether/if（是否）符合句意，因為引導主語從句只能用whether,故選C。.A【解析】本題考查強調句。強調句結構：itis/was…that…,強調時間狀語onMay12,故選A。.D【解析】詞義辨析。A.操作B.設計；計劃C.代替D.探索；句意：據(jù)報道我國的科學家正在探索所有可能的方法來控制H1N1流感病毒。結合語境可知選D。二、1【答案】10.D11.B.C.A【分析】本文是一篇議論文。懲罰別人真的有用嗎？文章通過實驗表明，懲罰不會像預期的那樣起作用。.詞義指代題。根據(jù)第二段第二句Theyweretryingtofigureoutwhypeoplecooperatewhenit'softensoeasyto7profitatothersexpense.他們試圖弄明白為什么當人們很容易以別人的利益為代價時而是選擇合作。可知，第二段最后一句中的it指的就是“為什么人們合作而不是利用別人”，故D項正確。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Butifonedefected（^7?）andeveryoneelsecooperated,thedefectorwouldgetalotofpoints,andthecooperatorswouldloseout.可知，在這個試驗中背叛者獲得利益更多。故B項正確。12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Butthewholepunishmentthingledtoasurprise:punishingdidn'tactuallymakepeoplecooperatemore.Infact,itmadethemcooperateless.可知,實驗表明懲罰不會像預期的那樣起作用。故C項正確。13.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Everwonderedwhetherpunishmentactuallymakespeoplecooperate伶作）？Ateamofscientistscreatedanexperimenttofigureitoutandtheresultswereprettyunexpected.可知本文講述的是“懲罰別人真的有用嗎？''故A項正確?！军c睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關鍵詞句來概括（如議論文中尋找表達作者觀點態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動詞或反映人物特點的形容詞）。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點時，務必牢記作者的觀點才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。該文是介紹一個研究結果的，該類文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此，考生直接抓住第一段中的Everwonderedwhetherpunishmentactuallymakespeoplecooperate（合作）?Ateamofscientistscreatedanexperimenttof