一般過去時(shí)的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)

般過去時(shí)的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)1.般過去時(shí)的根本用法一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)， 也可表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作.常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,in2003,twodaysago等.【舉例】Igotupat6:30yesterday.我昨天6:30起床.Myfatherwasverybusylastweek.我父親上周很忙.2.一般過去時(shí)的根本結(jié)構(gòu)⑴肯定句〃主語+動詞過去式+其他〃或者〃主語+ was/were+其他〃.【舉例】Iplayedtennislastweekend.我上周末打網(wǎng)球了.Myschooltripwasgreat.我的學(xué)校郊游棒極了.⑵否認(rèn)句〃主語+didn't+動詞原形+其他〃或〃主語+wasn't/weren't+其他".【舉例】Thegirldidn'tplaycomputergamesyesterdayafternoon.這個(gè)女孩昨天下午沒玩電子游戲.OldHenrywasn'thappylastFriday.上星期五老亨利不快樂.⑶一般疑問句“Did+主語+動詞原形+其他〃肯定答復(fù)為“Yes,主語+did〃，否認(rèn)答復(fù)為〃No,主語+didn't"或者〃Was/Were+主語+其他〃肯定答復(fù)為〃Yes,主語+was/were",否認(rèn)答復(fù)為〃No,主語+wasn't/weren't".【舉例】一Didyougotothebeach你們?nèi)ズ┝藛帷猋es,wedid./No,wedidn't.是的,我們?nèi)チ?/不,我們沒有.-WasyourweekendOK你的周末過得還行吧一Yes,itwas./No,itwasn't.是的，還行./不，不行.⑷特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句〔順序〕【舉例】一WhatdidLiLeidolastweekend李雷上周末干什么了Hevisitedhisgrandparents.他去看了他的祖父母.Wherewereyouyesterday你昨天在哪兒Iwasathome.我在家里.為了便于記憶行為動詞 〔實(shí)義動詞〕的一般過去時(shí)用法及結(jié)構(gòu)， 我們可用以下歌訣來幫助記憶：動詞一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生事.謂語動詞過去式,過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志. 否認(rèn)形式很簡單,主語之后didn't添.謂語動詞要復(fù)原.疑問構(gòu)成有規(guī)那么，主語前面加 did.過去式的構(gòu)成be動詞和實(shí)義動詞過去式的構(gòu)成： ⑴系動詞be的過去式有兩種形式： was和were.其中was是am和is的過去式，were是are的過去式.⑵規(guī)那么動詞過去式的構(gòu)成：①一般在動詞末尾加一edo【舉例】walkfwalkedplayfplayed②以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的動詞末尾只加一d.【舉例】lovefloveddecidefdecided③結(jié)尾是〃輔音字母+y”的動詞.先將y變?yōu)閕,再加一ed.【舉仞'llstudyfstudiedcarryfcarried④末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),先雙寫該輔音字母,再加一 ed.【舉例】stop-stoppedplanfplanned規(guī)那么動詞的過去式構(gòu)成方法可用以下口訣來記憶：過去式構(gòu)成有規(guī)律,一般詞尾加一 ed如果詞尾有個(gè)e〔不發(fā)音的〕，只需直接加上一d.“輔音字母+y〃在詞尾,變y為i加一ed.“一輔重閉〃作尾巴,雙寫之后加一 ed.隨堂練習(xí)：.寫出以下動詞的過去式./is 't6.aren't.用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成以下對話.一Howwasyourweekend—Itgreat.一What youlastweekend—I_somehomework.一What lastweekendShe tothebeach.一What—theydolastweekend—Theytothemovies.三.用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.We(enjoy)ourselvesatthepartylastnight.(study)fortheEnglishtestlastSunday.you(go)totheGreatWalllastyearWhatday(be)ityesterdayoldman(be)illandwenttoseeadoctor.(have)apartylastnight.(visit)themuseumandwenthome..—How(be)thestudents—Theywereveryfriendly.often(have)supperathome.Todayhe(have)supperatschool.hadgreatfun(play)inthewater.mademe(feel)veryhappy..-he(have)lunchatnine—No,hedidn't.(buy)aguitaryesterday.四.句型轉(zhuǎn)換.Hecameherelastmonth.(改為否認(rèn)句)Heherelastmonth.heyplayedfootballthismorning.(改為一般疑問句并作簡略答復(fù))一theyfootballthismorning—Yes,they./No,they..TheywenttoBeijinglastyear.(就劃線局部提問)theylastyear..TomwatchedTVlastnight.(改為一般疑問句)TomTVlastnight.Marydoeshomeworkeveryday.(Mlastnight改寫句子)Mary.般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法與結(jié)構(gòu)1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的定義及構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動作.〔1〕be〔am,is,are〕動詞：〔作謂語動詞時(shí)〕肯定句：主語+be動詞〔am,is,are〕+其它.如：①Iamastudent.〔主語+be動詞+名詞〕②Theyarehungry.〔主語+be動詞+形容詞］③Heisout.〔主語+be動詞+副詞〕④Thatpenismine.〔主語+be動詞+代詞〕⑤Iamfifteen.〔主語+be動詞+數(shù)詞〕⑥Thebikeisunderthetree.〔主語+be動詞+H司短語〕運(yùn)用am,is,are寫三個(gè)句子否認(rèn)句：主語+be〔am,is,are〕+not+其它.如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人. 運(yùn)用am,is,are寫三個(gè)句子一般疑問句：Be〔am,is,are〕+主語+其它.如：-Areyouastudent-Yes.Iam./No,I'm門。七運(yùn)用am,is,are寫三個(gè)句子特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句.如：Whereismybike運(yùn)用am,is,are寫三個(gè)句子特殊疑問句：疑問詞〔what,where,who,when,which,whose,how,howmany,howmuch,whatshape,whatcolour,〕，找句子中有沒有be動詞〔is,am或者are〕或情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞〔特殊疑問句：疑問詞+be動詞〔is,am或者are〕或情態(tài)動詞或者助動詞 +其他〕〔2〕行為動詞：主語+行為動詞+〔其它〕.〔作謂語動詞時(shí)〕1〕主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，肯定句為：主語+動詞原形+其它否認(rèn)式為：主語+don't+動詞原形+其它疑問句為：Do+主語+動詞原形+其它.①WespeakChinese.DoyouspeakChinese---Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.Theydon'tspeakChinese.寫三個(gè)句子2〕當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)： 〔he,she,it,A/An,單獨(dú)的人或事物:Lily/book〕肯定句為：主語+動詞〔詞尾加s或es〕+其它.否認(rèn)式為：主語+doesn't+動詞原形+其它.疑問句式：Does+主語+動詞原形+其它HespeaksEnglish.Hedoesn'tspeaksEnglish.③-DoesshegotoworkbybikeYes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.寫三個(gè)句子特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句.如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork3〕動詞+s的變化規(guī)那么〔1〕一般情況下,直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks〔2〕以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，力口-es,如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes〔3〕以〃輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies〔3〕情態(tài)動詞〔作謂語動詞時(shí)〕〔can,could,beableto,may,might,must,haveto,need,shall,should,will,would〕時(shí),句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：肯定句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形.否認(rèn)句：主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+動詞原形一般疑問句；情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他特殊疑問句：疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞+主語+動詞原形+其他Eg:①HecanspeakEnglish.②CanIhelpyouWhatcanIdoforyou在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與以下時(shí)間狀語聯(lián)用：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month???),onceaweek,onSundays例句：HeusuallyplaysfootballonSundays.一、寫出以下動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)talkforgethopestopperformplaysaybuyworryflystudylikemaketake__loverecitebecomecomedrive二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Thechildrenhaveagoodtimeinthepark.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 對劃線局部提問： Thereisaboutninehundredpeopleattheconcert.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 對劃線局部提問： Anndoesherhomeworkyesterdayevening.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 對劃線局部提問： IreadanEnglishbook.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯定/否認(rèn)答復(fù)： 對劃線局部提問： Mybrotherisintheparkjustnow.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 對劃線局部提問： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)句型轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)Igotoschoolbefore7:00inthemorning.(he) IalwaysgoshoppingwithmymumonSunday.(she) sometimesplaycomputergamesafterschoolonSunday.(he) IalwaystakeexerciseafterclassonMonday.(mymother) 般過去時(shí)詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí)題一、巧記一般過去時(shí)：動詞一般過去時(shí),表示過去發(fā)生的事； be用was或用were,have,has變had;謂語動詞過去式,過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動詞加 -ed,假設(shè)是特殊得硬記.否認(rèn)句很簡單，主語之后didn't添；疑問句也不難,did放在主語前； ｝不含be動詞時(shí)如果謂語之前有did,謂語動詞需復(fù)原；動詞假設(shè)是was,were,否認(rèn)就把not添. ｝含be動詞時(shí)疑問句也不難,要把was,were放在主語前.二、be的一般過去時(shí)：學(xué)習(xí)動詞be的一般過去時(shí),下面有一口訣,它可以幫你們更好地掌握動詞be的一般過去時(shí).be的過去時(shí)有四巧：一是時(shí)間狀語巧,表示過去的短語要記牢；二是形式巧，單數(shù)was,復(fù)數(shù)were;三巧是否認(rèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)，not緊跟was/were;四是疑問句式巧,was/were向前跑(提前).【一巧】時(shí)間狀語(即標(biāo)志詞)巧.一般過去時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，恰巧與表示過去的一些時(shí)間狀語連用..yesterday或以其構(gòu)成的短語：yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening)等；.由“l(fā)ast+-時(shí)間名詞”構(gòu)成的短語： lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等；.由“時(shí)間段+ago"構(gòu)成的短語： amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等；.其它：justnow等.由某些表示過去時(shí)態(tài)的從句等.【二巧】形式巧.它與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,形式多樣：當(dāng)主語是第一人稱單數(shù)或第三人稱單 數(shù)時(shí),謂語動詞用was;主語是第二人稱或其他人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動詞用 were.例如：Iwasintheclassroomyesterdaymorning.昨天早上我在教室里.HewasatschoollastTuesday.上周二他在學(xué)校.Theywereoverthereamomentago.剛剛他們在刃B邊.【三巧】否認(rèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)巧.與動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣， 它在動詞后面加not即可變成否認(rèn)句，并且was,were與not可以縮寫成wasn't,weren'to即：主語+wasn't/weren't+表語+其他.例如：Iwasnot(=wasn't)hereyesterday.昨天我不在這兒.Myparentswerenot(=weren't)athomelastSunday.上周日我父母不在家.

【四巧】疑問句式巧.把was,were提到句首,句末用問號即可變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?即：Was(Were)+主語+表語+其他這恰巧與動詞 be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的疑問句式相似.例如：Wereyouathomethedaybeforeyesterday?前天你在家嗎Wasshelatethis巾?！复?19?今天早上她遲到了嗎更巧的是疑問句的答語也相似,肯定答復(fù)用“Yes,主語+was/were.否認(rèn)答復(fù)用“No,主語+wasn't/weren't.".例如：一WereWeiHuaandHanMeiherejustnow?剛剛魏華和韓梅在這兒嗎—Yes,theywere.(No,theyweren't.)是的,她們在.(不,她們不在.)一、單項(xiàng)選擇： 從以下各題后所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最正確答案填空. (10)( )1.Myfatherillyesterday.Aisn'tB.aren'tC.wasn'tD.weren't( )2.yourparentsathomelastweek?AIsBWas CAreDWere()3.ThetwinsinDalianlastyear.Theyherenow.Aare;wereB.were;areCwas;areDwere;was()4.yourfatheratworkthedayyesterday(前天)？A.Was;beforeB.Is;beforeC.Was;afterD.Is;after()5.—WhowasondutylastFriday?AIamBIwasCYes,IwasDNo,Iwasn't()6.Icleanedmyclassroom.AwiththreehoursBthreehoursagoCinthreehoursDthreehoursbefore()7.Icamemyhousetwodaysago.AbackonBbacktoCtobackDback()8.Hedidsomereadingathome.AWhatdoesyourfatherdoyesterdayeveningBWhatdoesyourbrotherdointheschoolCWhatdidyourbrotherdoovertheweekendDWheredidyourbrothergolastSunday()9.WhatdidyoudoIwenttothemovies.AnextmorningBovertheweekendCintheweekendDnextMonday()10.Thekoalasleeps,butgetsup.Aduringtheday;attheevening BatdayduringnightCinthedayduringtheevening Dduringtheday;atnight二、請用正確動詞形式填空. (10)I(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend._she(practice)herguitaryesterdayNo,sheHe 4.TheyallHe 4.Theyall(watch)TVand(read)aninterestingbook. (go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.5.She(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She(stay)athomeand(do)somecleaning..Whenyou(write)thissongI(write)itlastyear..Myfriend,Carol,〔study〕forthemathtestand〔practice〕Englishlastnight..Mr.Li〔do〕theprojectonMondaymorningYes,he..How〔be〕Jim'sweekendIt〔benot〕bad..〔be〕yourmotherasalesassistantlastyearNo.she.三、譯以下句子〔20〕.我過了一個(gè)忙碌但卻刺激的周末.Iexcitingweekend..Jenny喜歡看書.昨晚她看了一本英語書.Jennylikes.SheanEnglishbooklastnight..Emma每天都看電視.可是昨天他沒有看.EmmaTVeveryday.Butheyesterday..上周六他們做什么了他們做作業(yè)和購物了.WhattheySaturdayTheyhomeworkand..今天早上方方得做飯，由于他父親不在家.ThismorningFangfangbecausehisfatheryesterday..你還有什么要說的Whatwouldyoulike.放學(xué)另U忘了向老說聲再見. Domtforgettheteacher..為什么你昨晚沒有看電視WhyyouTVlastnight.他在清掃教室的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有塊表.Whenhetheclassroom,heawatchontheground..他什么時(shí)候出生的1980年.--Whenhe---1980.四、改寫句子：〔20〕1、Lucydidherhomeworkathome.〔改否認(rèn)句〕Lucyherhomeworkathome.2、Hefoundsomemeatinthefridge〔冰箱〕.〔變一般疑問句〕hemeatinthefridge3、Therewassomeorangeinthecup.〔變一般疑問句〕thereorangeinthecupFrankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.〔一般疑問句〕FrankaninterestingbookabouthistoryWhynotgooutforawalk〔同義句〕outforawalkThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.〔否認(rèn)句〕ThomasRMB10onthisbook.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.〔劃線提問〕familylastweekIthinksheisLily'ssister.〔否認(rèn)句.注意否認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)移〕Sallyoftendoessomereadinginthemorning. 〔否認(rèn)句〕Sallyoftensomereadinginthemorning.Heisatall,thinboy.〔劃線提問〕_he五、改錯(cuò)題（20）HowisJaneyesterdayHegotoschoolbybuslastweek.Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.Icanflykitessevenyearsago. Didyousawhimjustnow. Tomwasn'twatchTVlastnight. Ididn'tmyhomeworkyesterday. Hewaitforyouthreehoursago. Whofinditjustnow makehimcry（哭）justnow 六、完形填空（10）Tomdidnotlikedoinghishomework ,becausehelikedtodosome1thingsafterschool.Andhisteacheralways2alotofmistakesinhishomework.Thenoneday,hismathsteacher3atTom'shomeworkandsawthathegotallhisanswersright.Hewasvery4andsurprised（驚奇）.Thenextmorningbeforeclass,hecalledTom5hisdeskand6tohim,“Yougotallyourhomeworkrightthistime.Didyourfatherhelpyou"SometimesTom'sfatherhelpedhimwithhishomework,7thistimehedidn'thelpTombecausehe8