2023年考研考博-考博英語-同濟(jì)大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案

2023年考研考博-考博英語-同濟(jì)大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共10題)1.單選題Itwas__________tocontinuethenegotiationsincebothsideslackthesincerity.問題1選項(xiàng)A.fertileB.futileC.fugitiveD.fussy2.單選題

Hedidn’tmentionyournamebutIwassurehewas________toyou.問題1選項(xiàng)A.intimatingB.inferringC.alludingD.suggesting3.單選題Sincethetwocountriescouldn’t________theirdifferences,theydecidedtostoptheirnegotiations.問題1選項(xiàng)A.rectifyB.obligeC.reconcileD.obscure4.單選題Afterthedisasterofflood，peoplealloverthevillagemade_________efforttorebuildtheirhome.問題1選項(xiàng)A.superfluousB.tenuousC.strenuousD.fatuous5.單選題CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterpartsinanyotherportionoftheglobe.Valleywallsrisesteeplyfiveorsixthousandfeetoneveryside.Thecolumnscrawlthroughamazeofgiantcorridorsdownwhichfiercesnow-fedtorrentsfoamunderskiesofbrass.Amidthesescenesofsavagebrilliancytheredwellsaracewhosequalitiesseemtoharmonizewiththeirenvironment.Exceptatharvesttime，whenself-preservationrequiresatemporarytruce,thePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarrior,apoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfortressmade,itistrue,onlyofsunbakedclay，butwithbattlements,turrets,loopholes，drawbridges,etc.Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan，itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.Forthepurposesofsociallife,inadditiontotheconventionaboutharvest-time,amostelaboratecodeofhonourhasbeenestablishedandisonthewholefaithfullyobserved.Amanwhoknewitandobserveditfaultlesslymightpassunarmedfromoneendofthefrontiertoanother.Theslightesttechnicalslipwould,however，befatal.ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts:therifleandtheBritishGovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecond,anunmitigatednuisance.TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone’sownhouseandfireatone’sneighbournearlyamileaway.Onecouldlieinwaitonsomehighcrag，andathithertounheardofrangeshitahorsemanfarbelow.Evenvillagescouldfireateachotherwithoutthetroubleofgoingfarfromhome.Fabulouspriceswerethereforeofferedforthesegloriousproductsofscience.RiflethievesscouredallIndiatoreinforcetheeffortsofthehonestsmuggler.Asteadyflowofthecovetedweaponsspreaditsgenialinfluencethroughoutthefrontier,andtherespectwhichthePathantribesmenentertainedforChristiancivilizationwasvastlyenhanced.TheactionoftheBritishGovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganizing，advancing,absorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthanamonstrousspoil-sport.IfthePathanmadeforaysintotheplains,notonlyweretheydrivenback(whichafterallwasnomorethanfair)，butawholeseriesofsubsequentinterferencestookplace,followedatintervalsbyexpeditionswhichtoiledlaboriouslythroughthevalleys,scoldingthetribesmenandexactingfinesforanydamagewhichtheyhaddone.Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome,hadafightandthengoneawayagain.Inmanycasesthiswastheirpracticeunderwhatwascalledthe“butcherandboltpolicy”towhichtheGovernmentofIndialongadhered.Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys,andinparticularthegreatroadtoChitral.Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.Therewasnoobjectiontothelastmethodsofarasitwent.Butthewholeofthistendencytoroad-makingwasregardedbythePathanswithprofounddistaste.Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravellersalongtheroad.Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.1.Theworddebtsin“veryfewdebtsareleftunpaid”inthefirstparagraphmeans_______.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthegeographicalfactsabouttheIndianfrontier?3.Accordingtothepassage,thePathanswelcomed_________.4.BuildingroadsbytheBritish__________.5.Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe________.

問題1選項(xiàng)A.loansB.accountsC.killingsD.bargains問題2選項(xiàng)A.Meltingsnows.B.Largepopulation.C.Steephillsides.D.Fertilevalleys.問題3選項(xiàng)A.theintroductionoftherifleB.thespreadofBritishruleC.theextensionofluxuriesD.thespreadoftrade問題4選項(xiàng)A.putanendtoawholeseriesofquarrelsB.preventedthePathansfromcarryingonfeudsC.lessenedthesubsidiespaidtothePathansD.gavethePathansamuchquieterlife問題5選項(xiàng)A.CampaigningontheIndianFrontierB.WhythePathansResentedtheBritishRuleC.ThePopularityofRiflesamongthePathansD.ThePathansatWar6.單選題Theheavysnow_________travel,sohehadtostayhereformoredays.問題1選項(xiàng)A.impeachedB.impelledC.impededD.imparted7.單選題The100AkerWoodmaylooklikeadark,forbiddingplacethesedaysforMichaelD.Eisner.That’swhereWinniethePooh，Piglet，andEeyorelive,andthecartooncharacters—whichrepresentatleast$1billionayearinrevenuesforEisner’sWaltDisneyCo.—areinfullrevolt.A12-years-oldlawsuit,sealedinaLosAngelescourtuntilJanuary,hascometolight,andaseriesofcourtrulingsthreatenthemediagiantwithhundredsofmillionsinoverduelicensepaymentsandpossiblythelossofoneofitsmostlucrativeproperties.HowlargeahitDisneywilltakeisstillindispute.Disneyisappealingtworulings,includingoneallegingthatcompanyexecutivesknowinglydestroyedimportantpapersrelatedtoitslicensingdeals.ThePoohaffairmayseemminoratatimewhenEisnerisunderattackforDisney’schronicallyweakstockpriceandABC’sanemicratings,buttheDisneychairmanhardlyneedsmorejostlingfromaSillyOldBear.What’smore,theimpactcouldbesignificant.AfteracknowledgingtotheSecuritiesExchangeCommissiononAug.9that“damagescouldtotalasmuchasseveralhundredmilliondollars”orthelossofthelicensingagreement,Disneywashitwithnewshareholderlawsuits.Disneywantstokeepitsgriponthatbearandhishoneyjar.PoohisDisney’ssinglelargestproperty,saysMartinBrocksteinexecutiveeditorofTheLicensingLetter.Thataddsuptoabout$100millioninoperatingearningsfromroyaltiesonPoohT-shirts,backpacks,andothermerchandise?FiguresGerardKlauerMatheson&Co.analystJeffreyLogsdon.Lastyear,Disneypaid$352milliontoonepairofheirsofWinnie-the-PoohauthorA.A.Milne.ButthefamilyofStephenA.Slesinger,aNewYorkliteraryagentwhoboughttheU.S.rightsin1930，saysDisneyowesthem$200milliononlicensesforT-shirtsandothermerchandiseandhascutthementirelyoutofthelucrativevideocassetteandDVDarena.HeadedbyShirleySlesingerLasswell,an80-year-oldwidowwhotravelswithaWinnie-the-Poohbeareverywhere,thefamilycontendsitisowedcloseto$1billion,sayitslawyers.Disney,whichsaysitpaystheSlesingers$12millionayear,insiststhe$1billionfigureisapublicitystunt.“The1930contractsaystheygetroyaltiesonmerchandisealone,notallexploitation,”saysDisneyattorneyDanielJ.Petrocelli.TheSlesingersalsochargethatDisneylostdocumentsrelatedtomerchandisesalesanddestroyedothersthatextendedtheaccordtoDVDsandvideotapes.OnJune18，LosAngelesSuperiorCourtJudgeErnestM.HiroshigerejectedtheauditbyaforensicaccountanthethoughtundulyfavoredDisneyandfoundthatDisney“misusedthediscoveryprocess”byhidingthefactthatitdestroyeddocumentsthatmighthaveexpandedthelicensingagreementtotapesandDVDs.Absentthosedocuments—whichincludethepapersofthelateDisneyConsumerProductschiefVincentJefferds—thecasemayhingeonthe“mommymemo.”Thatmemo,writtenin1983bySlesingerdaughterPatriciatohermother,Shirley,describesameetingwithJefferdsattheBeverlyHillsHotelatwhichJefferdsallegedlytoldPatricia“thatvideosandallthesenewthingswerecoveredandtoshutupaboutit,”accordingtocourtdocuments.BecauseDisneydestroyedJefferds’letters,JudgeHiroshigeruledthatDisneyisbarredfrom“introducingevidencedisputing”thefamily’scontentionthattheywereentitledtoroyaltiesonvideocassettes.Disneyisappealingtheruling.Settlementseemsunlikelyamongtheparties.Oneobstacle:thestill-simmeringanimositytowardSlesingerlawyerBertramFields,whowona$250millionsettlementforformerDisneystudiochiefJeffreyKatzenberginahyper-charged1999case.Thistime,thecharactermaybesoftandfuzzy,butthepayoutcouldbebigger.ForEisner,PoohisbecomingoneVeryBigBother.1.Theexpression“infullrevolt”inthesentence“That’swhereWinniethePooh,Piglet,andEeyorelive,andthecartooncharacters...,areinfullrevolt.”(Para.1)impliesthat________.2.Theword“anemic”intheexpression“Eisnerisunderattackfor..,ABC’sanemicratings”(Para.2)canbeparaphrasedas________.3.Thesentence“Disneywantstokeepitsgriponthatbearandhishoneyjar.’’(Para.3)canbestbeexplainedaswhichofthefollowing?4.WhydoestheauthorsaythatDisney’scasemay“hingeonthe‘mommymemo’”？5.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbeconcludedfromthepassage?問題1選項(xiàng)A.thecartooncharactersarenolongerpopularB.DisneyisseriouslyinvolvedinlawsuitsC.theyshowthesignofdefeatofDisneyinlawsuitsD.thecartooncharactersnolongerplaypositiveroles問題2選項(xiàng)A.flexibleB.changingC.steadyD.declining問題3選項(xiàng)A.Disneywantstotakebackthebearsoastomakemorehoney.B.Disneywantstotakecontrolofitscartooncharacters.C.DisneywantstokeepthemostprofitablepropertyWinniethePooh.D.Disneywantstowinthe12-year-oldlawsuit.問題4選項(xiàng)A.BecauseDisneyhasbeenbarredfromintroducingfurtherevidence.B.BecausethedocumentsrelatedtoDisney’smerchandisesalescannotbefound.C.BecausethismightbetheonlydocumentrevealingDisney’soriginalattitude.D.BecauseSlesingerdaughterfaithfullyrecordedJefferds’words.問題5選項(xiàng)A.Disneyhasintroducedconvincingevidencetodefenditself.B.Disneyhasdestroyedsomeimportantpapersonpurpose.C.Disneyhaslostinthe1999casewithJeffreyKatzenberg.D.ThestockpriceofDisneyhasbeengoingdownforaperiodoftime.8.單選題Noformofgovernmentintheworldis______;eachsystemreflectsthehistoryandpresentsneedsoftheregionandthenation.問題1選項(xiàng)A.dominantB.influentialC.integralD.drastic9.單選題

Thedictator’sfirststepwasto_______thefreepress.問題1選項(xiàng)A.strangleB.strandC.stratifyD.estrange10.單選題Thelosingcandidate________immediatelyafterthepollshadclosed.問題1選項(xiàng)A.confessedB.concededC.concurredD.admitted第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】B【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。fertile“多產(chǎn)的，富饒的”；futile“無效的，無用的”；fugitive“逃亡的，無常的”；fussy“大驚小怪的，愛挑剔的”。句意：因?yàn)殡p方都缺少真誠，繼續(xù)談判是無效的。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.【答案】C【解析】動詞詞義辨析。intimating“示意，暗示”；inferring“推斷，猜想”；alluding“提及，暗指”；suggesting“暗示，建議”。句意：他沒有提到你的名字，但是我肯定他暗指你了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.【答案】C【解析】動詞詞義辨析。rectify“改正”；oblige“迫使，義務(wù)”；reconcile“使協(xié)調(diào)，使一致”；obscure“模糊不清，掩蓋”。句意：因?yàn)閮蓢鵁o法協(xié)調(diào)分歧，他們決定停止談判。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.【答案】C【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。superfluous“多余的，不必要的”；tenuous“無關(guān)緊要的”；strenuous“費(fèi)力的，緊張的”；fatuous“愚笨的，昏庸的”。句意：洪災(zāi)過后，全村的人們都努力重建家園。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。5.【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:A第4題:B第5題:D【解析】1.詞義題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan，itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.”，可知每座村莊都設(shè)有自己的防衛(wèi)。每個家族都有自己的仇恨，每個部落都有宿仇。無數(shù)部落和部落聯(lián)合體都有自己的理由與其他部落清算。人們不會忘記任何事情，并且有仇必報(bào)。所以這里的債務(wù)是指宿仇和仇殺。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句，“…arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation…”，可知土地豐饒，只要些許勞作就足以供養(yǎng)稀少人口的物質(zhì)需求。所以人口并不多。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“…convenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.”，可知步槍的便捷受到了前所未有的歡迎。這個在1500碼遠(yuǎn)的地方可精確殺死對手的武器給每一個能擁有它的家庭或家族帶來了新的希望。所以帕坦人是歡迎步槍這種武器的引入的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.”，他們通過威脅恐嚇、堡壘、補(bǔ)助等方式來確保這些道路的安全。所以沒有減少補(bǔ)貼，可排除選項(xiàng)C。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,”可知英國政府要求沿路周圍的人們保持安靜，不許相互射殺，所以帕坦部落并沒有過著安靜的生活，可排除選項(xiàng)D。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句，“Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.”，可知一切斗爭都源于這些道路的修建，一系列的爭吵并沒有結(jié)束，排除選項(xiàng)A。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。5.主旨題?？v觀全文，第一段主要介紹了印度邊境的環(huán)境和活動，第二段提到了步槍引入到帕坦部落，并且受到了歡迎，第三段提到了帕坦部落人對英國政府的不滿，并且講到了帕坦部落對英國政府的修路意圖尤其憎恨，這也是一切斗爭的根源。由此可見，本文主要介紹了帕坦部落的生活環(huán)境，對步槍的喜愛以及對英國政府的憎惡等各方面的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。6.【答案】C【解析】動詞詞義辨析。impeached“歸咎，彈劾”；impelled“推進(jìn)，促使”；impeded“阻礙”；imparted“給予，傳授，告知”。句意：大雪阻礙了旅行，所以他必須在這兒多待幾天。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:C第4題:C第5題:A【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句，“A12-years-oldlawsuit…andaseriesofcourtrulingsthreatenthemediagiantwithhundredsofmillionsinoverduelicensepaymentsandpossiblythelossofoneofitsmostlucrativeproperties.”，可知迪斯尼公司卷入了訴訟案件，將遭受巨大的損失，