高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空【區(qū)一等獎(jiǎng)】

語(yǔ)法填空吉林市第十三中學(xué)高中英語(yǔ)王永民GrammarornotHeisstudent.Althoughheisalittleboy,butheknowsalots.Tompassedtheexam,thatmadehismotherveryhappy.∧awhich◆三個(gè)解題步驟What’stheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarFilling?通讀全文,了解大意;試填空格,先易后難;重讀全文,解決難題;命題類(lèi)型冠詞介詞連詞代詞動(dòng)詞名詞形容詞副詞詞性純空格有提示詞讀懂短文之后,要結(jié)合短文所提供的特定的語(yǔ)境(也就是上下文),①?gòu)木渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)的完整性去分析思考空格所缺單詞在句中作何種句子成分，從而推出斷他的詞性,如缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),所填詞應(yīng)為代詞;②根據(jù)句子意義的完整性,去確定填一個(gè)表示什么意義的代詞、冠詞或介詞等;③根據(jù)句子與句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)確定具體要填哪個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞。純空格題是指“在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~”這類(lèi)純填空題,幾年來(lái),只考冠詞、介詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞和代詞?！窦兛崭耦}的解題技巧1.(2010)Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike_____?”it方法探究1代詞2.(2009)Yourlittlebrotherhurthimselfyesterday,youshouldhavelookedafter_______.him當(dāng)句子缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),填_________。因?yàn)槌洚?dāng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的應(yīng)是名詞或代詞,而純空格中一般不填名詞的,所以只要句子缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),你就填代詞。此時(shí),要根據(jù)前后語(yǔ)境,看該空格是指人還是事物,指男還是指女,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。還有可能是填作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)的_______,替代后面作真正的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句。歸納總結(jié)：代詞it1.(2011)Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad______amazingconversation.方法探究2限定詞an

2.(2010)Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet_______studenttastethewater.another

在名詞或“形容詞+名詞”前,填_________

。

限定詞是指冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞,或可以是不定代詞等。此時(shí),要根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)確定空格的語(yǔ)境意義,由此來(lái)判斷具體填什么詞。如表示特指時(shí)用_______________;表示“一(個(gè),本,座……)”時(shí)用不定冠詞_________;表示“某人的”,用_________;表示“一些”用____,表示“另一個(gè)”用________,表示“其他的”用______等。歸納總結(jié)：物主代詞定冠詞the限定詞a或ansomeanotherother1.(2011)Ididn’twanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn’tlikeleavinghim___hisowneither.方法探究3介詞on2.(2009)Shefoundsomechildrenreadingbooks____thelibrarythen.

in

名詞和代詞最典型的用法是作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),既然不作主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ),就應(yīng)是作介詞的賓語(yǔ)了,所以要填介詞。具體填什么介詞,由介詞與該名詞的搭配及其意義來(lái)決定,也可能是由動(dòng)詞與介詞的句式搭配來(lái)決定。歸納總結(jié)：方法探究4關(guān)聯(lián)詞1.(2011)Behindhimwereotherpeopleto_________hewastryingtotalk,...whom

2.(2010)Wewillremembertheday_______wejoinedtheparty.when

當(dāng)空格前后都是句子時(shí)，常用_______；兩個(gè)分句之間依據(jù)并列，轉(zhuǎn)折，承接關(guān)系常用_______________；從屬句間常依據(jù)句子的屬性是名詞性從句，形容詞性從句還是副詞性從句來(lái)確定其關(guān)聯(lián)詞。歸納總結(jié)：關(guān)聯(lián)詞and/but/so/or溫馨提示：1.and,but,or,aswellas等連詞前后的詞形式是一致的。2.However,Therefore,Besides,Otherwise，Instead,Then等詞語(yǔ)的后面有逗號(hào)“,”有提示題是指“使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空”這類(lèi)題，近幾年來(lái)的高考題只考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)、詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)化等四種情況?！裼刑崾绢}的解題技巧

方法探究1謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.(2008)Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften__________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.results

2.(2007)IwasonmywaytotheBijiaMountain.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar___________(break)downnearavillage.broke

當(dāng)句子缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí),括號(hào)中的動(dòng)詞就是_____動(dòng)詞。此時(shí),要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定用哪種時(shí)態(tài),根據(jù)主語(yǔ)與該動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)關(guān)系確定用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是用____語(yǔ)態(tài)。歸納總結(jié)：被動(dòng)謂語(yǔ)1.(2011)Inoticedaman_________(sit)atthefront.方法探究2非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞sitting2.(2007)Whileshewasgettingme

________(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycar.tosettle/sit

當(dāng)句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞又沒(méi)有與括號(hào)中的動(dòng)詞并列,該動(dòng)詞就是__________。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也就是_________，_______和_______。此時(shí),再根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法確定用具體的某種形式。有時(shí)也要根據(jù)句式搭配來(lái)確定,如1.see/hear/noticesb.do/doingsth.,2.spend...(in)doingsth.3.havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth等。歸納總結(jié)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)名詞分詞溫馨提示：1.主動(dòng)進(jìn)行—ing；被動(dòng)完成---ed，將來(lái)主動(dòng)todo，被動(dòng)tobedone2.人（人的表情等）用ed，物用ing。3.By前ed，by后ing4.逗號(hào)后用ing，不填動(dòng)詞填which或介詞+which/whom方法探究3形容詞和副詞1.Heisgoodatplayingfootball,sonoonecando_________（well）thanhim.

better2.(2008)...Whichis_______(large)country,ChinaorAustralia?larger當(dāng)括號(hào)中所給詞是形容詞或副詞,且空格處需要的仍是形容詞或副詞時(shí),要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,理解句意,若該詞意思不變,邏輯上講得通,就很可能填該詞的_________(或最高級(jí))；若需要用與該詞意義相反的意思，邏輯才通順的，就要在該詞前加_________，有時(shí)形容詞和副詞需要轉(zhuǎn)換。

歸納總結(jié)：比較級(jí)前綴或后綴方法探究4詞形、詞性、詞義

1.(2011)Hemustbe________(mental)disabled.mentally

2.(2009)ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather______(choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.choice

3.Hefailedhismathsexaminationbecauseofhis________(care)work.careless

當(dāng)空格處所需詞類(lèi)與括號(hào)中所給詞的詞類(lèi)不同時(shí),就需要詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)化。我們可據(jù)以下3條順利解題：(1)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)用_____形式；(2)修飾名詞常用______形式;(3)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞常用____形式。歸納總結(jié)：副詞名詞形容詞1.Ihaven'theardfromhim_____hewenttoAmerica.2.Hewon'tbehere_____heisinvited.3.Hewillnotgotothecinema_____heisverybusy.Wehadnosoonergottothestation_____thetrainleft.Mymotherasked_________wasthematterwithme.sinceunlessbecausethanwhat即學(xué)即練6.Therearealotofactivities,andthey________(organize)bythesailingschool.7.Whenyouovercomeallthe________(difficult),You’llfeelthatyouareveryrelexed.8.Well,____________(fortunate)forme,Ireceivedafour-yearscholarship.9.Ithinkyou’llgetabit_______(fat)ifyoueattoomuchhamburg.Thankyoufor________(make)mefeelbetter.areorganizeddifficultiesfortunatelyfattermaking

Onceuponatimetherewasarichmerchant(商人)

1_____had4wives.Helovedthe4thwifethemost.Hetookgreatcareofherandgavehernothing

2_____thebest.Healsolovedthe3rdwifeverymuch.Hewasvery3_____（pride）ofherandalwayswantedtoshowherofftohisfriends.Healsolovedhis2ndwife.Sheis

4

____veryconsiderate

person,alwayspatientandinfactwasthemerchant’sclosefriend.whobutproudaWhenever

themerchant5

________(face)

some

problems,healwaysturnedtohis2ndwifeand6______wouldalwayshelphimoutand7

_______(tide)（幫助渡過(guò)）himthroughdifficulttimes.Now,themerchant’s1stwifeisaveryloyal

partnerandhasmadegreat8_________(contribute）

inmaintaininghiswealthandbusinessaswellas9_______（take）careofthe

household.10

________,themerchantdidnotlovethefirstwifeandalthoughshelovedhimdeeply,hehardlytooknoticeofher.

shetidecontributiontakingHoweverfacedSummary

歸納總結(jié)：會(huì)挖空，更會(huì)填空！Homework

Manypeoplekeepsmallfishaspets.Theykeeptheminatankofwater.Thetankismadeofglass.Peoplecanlookthroughit.Theycanseeinsidethetankandwatchthefish.Thefishneedroom.Theymustn’tbecrowded.Theyneedoxygentobreath