2023年高考英語(yǔ)真題重組卷（上海）（解析版）

沖刺2023年高考英語(yǔ)真題重組卷01（上海）

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA（第1-10題，每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,

anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Themanshouldstoptheprogramlearn.B.Theprogramistoodifficulttolearn.

C.Shecanhelpthemanleamtheprogram.D.Themanshouldkeeplearningtheprogram.

2.A.Theylikereadingtoday'spaper.

B.Theyareinterestedintoday'spaper.

C.Theyfoundnothinginterestingintoday'spaper.

D.Theyhavenoideawhatthepaperisabout.

3.A.InatheaterB.InaconcertC.InaparkD.Inanexhibition

4.A.FoodthedogB.Cleanthedog'shouse

C.GivethedogabathD.Findsomethingtoeat.

5.A.ExpensiveB.CheapC.UnsuitableD.Unnecessary

6.A.MathtestB.EnglishtestC.BiologytestD.Historytest

7.A.BecausehewasinChengdu.

B.BecausetheconcertwasheldinChengdu.

C.Becausehewastootiredtoattendtheconcert.

D.Becausetheconcertwasnotenough.

8.A.Hecouldn'thelpMary.B.HecouldlendMaryhisbicycle.

C.Marycouldask.someoneelseforhelp.D.ProfessorHankswouldhelpMary.

9.A.Doctorsshouldnotlecturepeopleaboutlifestyles.

B.Doctors'ownlifestylesaredifferentfromothers.

C.Shedoesn*tagreewiththeman.

0.Doctors'lectureisoflittleuse.

10.A.Helikeswatchinginsteadofplaying.B.Heisagoodteamsportsplayer.

C.Hedoesn'tlikeanykindsofsports.D.Helikestakingpartinteamsports.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeasked

threequestionsoneachofthepassagesandthelongerconversation.Thepassagesandthelongerconversation

willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossible

answersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11throughl3arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Buysomesmallbottlestoholdshampoo.

B.Collectsamplesofshampooforholidayuse.

C.Takemoreclothesincaseofemergency.

D.Rollupclothestosavespaceandreducewrinkling.

12.A.Putalockonthesuitcase.

B.Takeaplaincaseinsteadofanexpensiveone.

C.Drawsomesymbolsonthesuitcase.

D.Donottakeasuitcase.

13.A.Howtokeepyourselfsafeduringaholiday.

B.Howtomakethepackingeasierforatrip.

C.Howtokeepyourselfawayfromtheft.

D.Howtomakeyoursuitcasesimpleandplain.

Questionsl4throughl6arebasedonthefollowingspeech.

14.A.Itcanincreasetherateoflearningandthelikelihoodofremembering.

B.Itcanhelpgatherrelatedinformation.

C.Theinformationcanbeeasilyrecalledduringanactualdebate.

D.Itmakesrememberinginformationdifficult.

15.A.ReadingandthinkingaloneB.Talkingaboutamovietofriends.

C.Writingdownwhatthey'veread.D.Readtheinformationloudly.

16.A.Relatedinformationisputtogetherlogically

B.Alltheinformationisputtogether.

C.Informationisrelatedandcanberecalled.

D.Youcanrecallanyinformationanytime.

Questionsl?through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Cuttingdownpublicwatersupplyduringpartofadayinsomecities.

B.Waystochangethepublictoilet.

C.Suggestionsforthepublictochangetheirbathrooms.

D.Howtosavewaterbymakingchangestothebathrooms.

18.A.ChangethetoiletB.Useawater-savingshowerhead.

C.BrushteethonceadayD.Usetoiletsaslessaspossible.

19.A.6litersB.10litersC.20litersD.16liters

20.A.Howtousewaterwhenthepublicsupplyiscut.

B.Howtomakethebestuseofwater.

C.Criticizingpeoplefbrwashingwater.

D.Howtoprotectwaterfrompollution.

【答案】1-10DCABAACADA11-13ABB14-16DBA17-20ABDB

ILGrammarandVocabulary（每題1分；共20分）

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;forthe

otherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

（2019年上海春季高考）

Startwiththeendandworkbackwards

WhenJasonHoelscherwasanundergraduateoffineartstudies,thereweren'tanyprofessional

developmentclasses.Soambitionandthetimelyrealization21____hewouldhavetodetermine"what's

next“onhisownurgedJasontoengagehisfutureselftofinddirection.Itwas1996,andhewasfinishinghis

BFA（BachelorofFineArt）inDenver.Hewasfacedwiththechoiceofsittingbacktowaitforsomething

22____(happen),orpursuingapathintotheunknown.Hechosethelatter.

Jasonsetupaplanthatinfiveyearshe23(show)hisworkinthetopgalleryinthatareaofthe

country.Thisfive-yeargoalgavehimastartingpoint____24whichtoworkbackwards.

Bysettingthegoal,allofJason'sefforts25(point)inthesamedirection.Heshowedupat

differentartshowopenings,andresearchedasbesthecouldtomake26familiarwiththemarket

environment.

Asaresultofshowingup,Jasontookopportunities27gothimclosertohisgoal.Hesentwork

toastudentshowandwasacceptedbyRobinRule,theownerofRuleGallery.28(inspire),Jason

spentthenextmonthmakingnewwork.

InAprilof1997,JasonwentbacktoRuleGallerywithhisnewwork.29scaredtodeath,he

lookedconfidentatthegallerymeeting.Whenheleft,heleftasthenewestadditiontotherulegalleryroster

(花名冊(cè)).Hehadhisfirstexhibitionthereoneyearlater.

Jasoncouldhavestoppedwiththeshowselection,butwhathereallywantedwasgalleryrepresentation.

Hestruckwhiletheironwashot,andin30(do)so,shortenedhisfive-yearplanintoa

year-and-a-half.

【答案】21.that22.tohappen23.wouldshow24.from25.pointed26.himself27.

and28.Inspired29.Although30.doing

【解析】

本文屬于記敘文，介紹JasonHoelscher為自己設(shè)定一個(gè)五年目標(biāo)，不斷努力，最終用一年半就實(shí)現(xiàn)了。

【21題詳解】

考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：他自己決定自己要做什么的雄心和及時(shí)覺(jué)悟督促他自己找到未來(lái)的方向。分析句

子可知，hewouldhavetodetermine“what'snext”onhisown為限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞Soambitionand

thetimelyrealization,從句缺乏have的賓語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞that或者whicho

【22題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他面臨兩個(gè)選擇，第一個(gè)坐著等待事情的發(fā)生，另一個(gè)選擇就是去探索未知的

路。分析句子可知，happen作后置定語(yǔ)修飾something,故用不定式tohappen0

[23題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：他給自己設(shè)定「一個(gè)目標(biāo)，用五年的時(shí)間，他要讓他自己的作品在全國(guó)頂

尖藝術(shù)館里被展出。分析句子可知，本句缺乏謂語(yǔ)，show與he為主謂關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由于陳述

過(guò)去的計(jì)劃和打算，故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，綜述用wouldshow。

【24題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：這個(gè)五年時(shí)間的目標(biāo)給了他?個(gè)起點(diǎn)，他可以從這個(gè)起點(diǎn)反向努力。分析句子可知，

whichtoworkbackwards為定語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)修飾先行詞startingpoint,從句缺乏介詞，根據(jù)先行詞，故用介

詞from。

[25題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：通過(guò)設(shè)定目標(biāo)，他的所有努力能向著同一個(gè)方向。分析句子可知，本句缺

乏謂語(yǔ)，point與主語(yǔ)efforts為主謂關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，陳述過(guò)去事情，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)pointed。

【26題詳解】

考查反身代詞。句意：他會(huì)出現(xiàn)在各個(gè)藝術(shù)展覽開(kāi)幕式，盡可能做研究來(lái)讓自己熟悉市場(chǎng)環(huán)境。分析句

子可知，本句缺乏賓語(yǔ)，由于主語(yǔ)為he,賓語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)為同人稱，故賓語(yǔ)用反身代詞himself。

[27題詳解】

考查連詞。句意：由于經(jīng)常露面，他抓住所有機(jī)會(huì)，朝著自己的目標(biāo)不斷前進(jìn)。分析句子可知，took

opportunities和gothimcloser都是句子謂語(yǔ)，為并列關(guān)系，故用并列連詞and。

[28題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：深受啟發(fā)，他花了一個(gè)月時(shí)間來(lái)創(chuàng)作新的作品。分析句子可知，inspire作狀語(yǔ)

修飾he,與其屬于動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞形式Inspired。

【29題詳解】

考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管害怕的要死，但是在展覽會(huì)上他看起來(lái)信心滿滿。分析句子可知，前后句屬

于轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系，故用連詞Although。

【30題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他趁熱打鐵，通過(guò)這樣做，把五年的目標(biāo)用一年半的時(shí)間就實(shí)現(xiàn)了。in為介詞

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

（2009年上海秋季高考改編）

A.contentsB.takingC.carefullyD.plasticE.packaging

F.declinedG.freelyH.typicalI.contractsJ.registeredK.point

Ifthepackagelookspretty;peoplewillbuyjustaboutanything.Sosaysanadvertisingexecutivein

NewYork,andhehasprovedhis___31___bysellingboxesofrubbishforthepriceofanexpensivebottleof

wine.

JustinGignac,26,hassoldalmost90032presentedplasticboxesofrubbishfromthestreetof

theBigAppleatbetween$50and$100each.Buyersfrom19countrieshavepaidforthesouvenirs侈己念品）.

Theideahasbeensosuccessfulthatheisthinkingofpromotingitaroundtheworld.

ItallbeganwhenMr.Gignacwasatasummerworkshop.t€Wehadadiscussionabouttheimportanceof

33___herecalls.^Someonesaidpackagingwasunimportant.Idisagreed.Theonlywaytoproveitwas

bysellingsomethingnobodywouldeverwant.”

HesearchesthestreetsofManhattanandtypical34_includebrokenglass,subwaytickets,

Starbuckscupsandused___35forks.''Specialeditions^^areofferedatahighprice.Hecharged$100for

rubbishfromtheopeningdayoftheNewYorkYankees'stadium.

Mr.Gignacdenies____36___hiscustomersforfools:"Theyknowwhatthey'regetting.Theyappreciate

thefactthatthey'retakingsomethingnobodywouldwantandfindingbeautyinit.”

Some37___customersincludepeoplewhousedtoliveinthecityandwantadown-to-earth

souvenir.Heclaimshehasevensoldtoartcollectors.

Realizingthattheconceptappearstobearealmoney-maker,Mr.Gignachas___38___acompanyandis

employinghisgirlfriendasvicepresident.He___39___todiscusshisprofitmargins:"It'sactuallyquitealot

ofeffortputtingthemtogether-butyet,garbageisfree.^^

Mr.Gignacisconsideringmorevarietiesofsouvenirs.Hemaintainsthathehassigned___40___with

peopleinterestedinsimilarprojectsfromasfarasBerlinandLondon.

【答案】K32.C33.E34.A35.D36.B37.H38.J39.F40.1

文章主題：介紹了一位倫敦廣告執(zhí)行者Gignac回收并再利用商品包裝的故事。

試題詳解：

31答案：Ko

【解析】句中動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)是proved,空格前面有形容詞物主代詞his限定，故填入名詞詞性。結(jié)合句意把

一箱垃圾以一瓶昂貴的葡萄酒價(jià)格賣出去，來(lái)證明他的上文的觀點(diǎn)，即人們只是看重美麗漂亮的外包裝。

此處point引申解釋“論點(diǎn)”或“觀點(diǎn)，看法

32.答案：Co

【解析】針對(duì)題干的句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，可知900presentedplastic是對(duì)boxes進(jìn)行修飾的定語(yǔ)部

分，因此空格內(nèi)應(yīng)使用副詞?？晒┻x擇的副詞有carefully（仔細(xì)地）及freely（自由地，免費(fèi)地）。參考

下文語(yǔ)義，應(yīng)選擇“仔細(xì)地

33.答案:E?

【解析】空格位于介詞后，應(yīng)填名詞。上文敘述到Gignac售出了900個(gè)塑料盒子，再綜合下文“Somesaid

packagingwasunimportant.Idisagreed.”確定該空格應(yīng)填"包裝

34.答案：Ao

【解析】針對(duì)題干的句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，空格應(yīng)充當(dāng)and后并列句中的主語(yǔ)，因此考慮選擇名詞。從語(yǔ)

義來(lái)看，應(yīng)理解為“他搜尋了Manhattan的街道，典型的東西有破碎的玻璃、地鐵票、星巴克咖啡杯以及

二手的塑料叉等等

35.答案：D。

【解析】空格作定語(yǔ)，對(duì)forks進(jìn)行修飾，考慮選填形容詞。結(jié)合上文，應(yīng)填“塑料的”。

36.答案：Bo

【解析】空格緊跟謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞deny,應(yīng)選填名詞/動(dòng)名詞；結(jié)合后文“hiscustomersforfools”，這里應(yīng)使用

takingo句意：拒不承認(rèn)把他的顧客當(dāng)做傻瓜。

37.答案：Ho

【解析】空格對(duì)customers進(jìn)行修飾，應(yīng)在形容詞中作選擇。該句意為“典型的顧客包括曾在城市居住的

人們和想要購(gòu)買樸實(shí)無(wú)華紀(jì)念品的民眾?！?/p>

38.答案：Jo

【解析】顯然，空格與has一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語(yǔ)部分，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。答案集中于declined

（謝絕）及registered（登記，注冊(cè)），參考句意“意識(shí)到這一理念還能創(chuàng)造收益后，Gignac注冊(cè)了一家公

司，并邀請(qǐng)他的女朋友擔(dān)任副總裁。”

39.答案：F。

【解析】針對(duì)題干的句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，可知空格充當(dāng)了句子的謂語(yǔ)部分。該句語(yǔ)義為“他婉拒談及利

潤(rùn)率句意：意識(shí)到這種意念好像真的是賺錢之道，Gignac注冊(cè)了公司，并雇傭他的女朋友做副總裁。

他拒絕談?wù)撟约旱睦剩骸捌D辛的付出才取得成功-是的，但是，垃圾是免費(fèi)的啊?！?/p>

40.答案：I。

【解析】空格充當(dāng)sign的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)選填名詞形式。意為:Gignac正考慮創(chuàng)造更多種類的紀(jì)念品。他堅(jiān)稱

已經(jīng)和遠(yuǎn)達(dá)柏林以及倫敦對(duì)相似東西有興趣的人簽訂了合約。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.Cand

D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext

（2017年上海秋季高考改編）

Ininterviews,famouspeopleoftensaythatthekeytobecomingbothhappyandsuccessfulisto“dowhat

youlove.^^But41askill,evenonethatyoudeeplylove,callsforplentyofdrills.Anychallenging

activity—fromcomputerprogrammingtoplayingamusicalinstrumenttoathletics-requires42

practice.Aperfectgolfswingorfaultlessbutterflystroke（蝶泳）takescountlesshoursofpracticeand

repetitionstoperfect.

Anyonewhowantstohaveagoodcommandofaskillmustgothroughthe43ofpractice,

criticalfeedback,polish,andincreasingimprovementagain,again,andagain.Somepeopleseemableto

concentrateonpracticinganactivitylikethisforyearsandtake44intheirgradualimprovement.Yet

othersfindthiskindoffocused,time-intensiveworktobe45____orboring.Why?

The46maydependontheabilitytoenterintoastateof"flow,“thefeelingofbeingcompletely

involvedinwhatyouaredoing.Flowstatescanhappeninthecourseofanyactivity,andtheyaremost

commonwhenataskhasdefinitegoalsandwheretheindividualisableto47____theirperformanceto

clearandimmediatefeedback.

Csikszentmihalyisuggestedthatthosewhomost48enteredintoflowstateshadan"autotelic

personality,,—atendencytoseekoutchallengesandgetintoastateofflow.Whilethosewithoutsucha

personalityseedifficulties,autotelicindividualsseeopportunitiestobuildskillsandtheyhavelowlevelsof

self-centeredness.Suchpeople,withtheirabilitytofocusontasksratherthanrewardshaveagreat49

overothersindevelopingtheirinnate（天生的）abilities.Buthowcanwegetintoflowstateforanactivityso

thatweenjoyboththeprocessofimprovingskillsandthe50ofbeingamaster?

_51____forthoseofuswhodon'tnecessarilypossessanautotelicpersonality,thereisevidencethat

flowstatescanbe____52byenvironmentalfactors.Forinstance,inMontessorischools,studentsdonot

studybyfollowingdirectinstruction.53,theyareencouragedtodevelopandpursuepersonal

interests.Competitionis54____andgradingisnotemphasized.Studentsaregroupedtogetheraccording

tosharedinterests,ratherthanseparatedbyability.

Whilethereisn'tyetapillthatcanturndullpracticeintoanexcitingactivityforanyone,itiscomforting

thatweseemtobeabletoadvanceintoflowstates.Bygivingourselvesunstructured,open-endedtime,

minimumdistractionsandtasksetatmoderatelevelof55____,wemaybeabletolovewhatwe'redoing

whileweputinthehardworkpracticingthethingswelovedoing.

41.A.functioningB.stimulatingC.enrichingD.mastering

42.A.fixedB.concentratedC.paralleledD.instructed

43.A.transformationB.substituteC.cycleD.condition

44.A.roleB.pleasureC.aninterestD.part

45.A.poisonousB.rewardingC.ignorantD.frustrating

46.A.objectionB.distinctionC.principleD.standard

47.A.applyB.devoteC.adjustD.expose

48.A.deliberatelyB.readilyC.hesitantlyD.flexibly

49.A.featureB.controlC.advantageD.sympathy

50.A.securityB.jealousyC.rewardD.contribution

51.A.UnexpectedlyB.FortunatelyC.TypicallyD.Obviously

52.A.cultivatedB.extendedC.influencedD.bridged

53.A.OtherwiseB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.Instead

54.A.advocatedB.suspendedC.discouragedD.observed

55.A.priorityB.difficultyC.curiosityD.identity

【答案】41.D42,B43.C44.B45.D46.B47.C48.B49.C50.C

51.B52.A53.D54.C55.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。任何想要掌握一項(xiàng)技能的人都必須經(jīng)歷一遍又一遍的練習(xí)。一些人能夠集中

精力練習(xí)這樣的活動(dòng)，并且喜歡這種過(guò)程，而另一些人則覺(jué)得集中精力、耗費(fèi)時(shí)間的工作令人沮喪。這

主要是因?yàn)椤靶牧鳡顟B(tài)”——一種完全投入到你正在做的事情中的感覺(jué)。文章介紹了心流狀態(tài)的特點(diǎn)利容

易進(jìn)入心流狀態(tài)的人的特點(diǎn)，以及有證據(jù)表明環(huán)境因素可以培養(yǎng)心流狀態(tài)。

[41題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但掌握一項(xiàng)技能，即使是你深愛(ài)的技能，也需要大量的練習(xí)。A.functioning

工作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；B.stimulating促進(jìn)，激發(fā)；C.enriching使充實(shí),使豐富;D.mastering掌握。根據(jù)本句中“calls

forplentyofdrills”及下文"Anyonewhowantstohaveagoodcommandofaskillmustgothroughthe

ofpractice”可知，此處指“掌握”一項(xiàng)技能。故選D項(xiàng)。

[42題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：任何具有挑戰(zhàn)性的活動(dòng)——從計(jì)算機(jī)編程到演奏樂(lè)器再到體育運(yùn)動(dòng)——都

需要專注的練習(xí)。A.fixed固定的；B.concentrated集中的，全神貫注的；C.paralleled平行的；D.instructed

受教育的，得到指示的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處指“任何具有挑戰(zhàn)性的活動(dòng)都需要專注的練習(xí)下一段中

的“Somepeopleseemabletoconcentrateonpracticinganactivity…''及"Yetothersfindthiskindoffocused,

time-intensivework...”均是提示。故選B項(xiàng)。

[43題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：任何想要掌握一項(xiàng)技能的人都必須經(jīng)歷一個(gè)循環(huán)：練習(xí)、批評(píng)反饋、潤(rùn)色和

一次又一次的提高。A.transformation轉(zhuǎn)變;B.substitute替代物;C.cycle循環(huán)；D.condition條件。根

據(jù)"practice,criticalfeedback,polish,andincreasingimprovementagain,again,andagain.”可知，這種練習(xí)需

要一遍又一遍地循環(huán)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【44題詳解】

考查名詞詞義和短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：有些人似乎能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂诰毩?xí)這樣的活動(dòng)多年，并從他們的逐漸進(jìn)步中

獲得樂(lè)趣。A.role角色，作用；B.pleasure快樂(lè)，樂(lè)趣；C.aninterest興趣；D.part部分，角色。根據(jù)“Some

peopleseemabletoconcentrateonpracticinganactivitylikethisfbryears”可知，這些人能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂诰毩?xí)有

挑戰(zhàn)性的活動(dòng)多年，可見(jiàn)他們對(duì)自己取得進(jìn)步感到快樂(lè)。故選B項(xiàng)。

[45題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但也有人認(rèn)為這種專注、耗時(shí)的工作令人沮喪或無(wú)聊。A.poisonous有毒

的；B.rewarding值得的，有意義的；C.ignorant無(wú)知的；D.frustrating令人沮喪的?？仗幒蚥oring是并

列意義,frustrating”令人沮喪的”可以承接time-intensive的語(yǔ)義，可以體現(xiàn)工作因費(fèi)時(shí)而令人沮喪的邏輯，

故選D項(xiàng)。

【46題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種差異可能取決于進(jìn)入“心流”狀態(tài)的能力，即完全投入到你正在做的事情

中的感覺(jué)。A.objection反對(duì)；B.distinction區(qū)別，差異；C.principle原則；D.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。結(jié)合上文

可知有些人喜歡這種循環(huán)的狀態(tài)，而一些人覺(jué)得沮喪，這是一種差異。故選B項(xiàng)。

[47題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“心流”狀態(tài)可以發(fā)生在任何活動(dòng)的過(guò)程中，當(dāng)任務(wù)有明確的目標(biāo)，并且個(gè)體

能夠調(diào)整自己的表現(xiàn)以獲得清晰和即時(shí)的反饋時(shí)，這種狀態(tài)最常見(jiàn)。A.apply申請(qǐng)；B.devote獻(xiàn)身，致

力；C.adjust調(diào)整；D.expose暴露。結(jié)合后文“theirperformancetoclearandimmediatefeedback”可推知

是調(diào)整個(gè)人的表現(xiàn)以獲得清晰和即時(shí)的反饋。故選C項(xiàng)。

[48題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Csikszentmihalyi認(rèn)為，那些最容易進(jìn)入心流狀態(tài)的人具有“自成性格”，一種

尋找挑戰(zhàn)并進(jìn)入心流狀態(tài)的傾向。A.deliberately故意地；B.readily容易地，樂(lè)意地；C.hesitantly猶豫

地；D.flexibly靈活地。結(jié)合后文“hadan'autotelicpersonality'—atendencytoseekoutchallengesandget

intoastateofflow.”可知，擁有“自成性格”的人更容易進(jìn)入心流狀態(tài)。故選B項(xiàng)。

[49題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些人擁有專注于任務(wù)而不是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的能力，在發(fā)展他們的天生能力方面比其

他人有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。A.feature特點(diǎn);B.control控制;C.advantage優(yōu)點(diǎn),優(yōu)勢(shì)；D.sympathy同情心。

根據(jù)"withtheirabilitytofocusontasksratherthanrewards”可知，具有專注于任務(wù)而不是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)能力的人應(yīng)

是在發(fā)展天性方面有優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選C項(xiàng)。

【50題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我們?nèi)绾卧谝粋€(gè)活動(dòng)中進(jìn)入“心流”狀態(tài)，既享受提高技能的過(guò)程，又享受

成為大師的回報(bào)呢？A.security安全；B.jealousy嫉妒,羨慕；C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào);D.contribution貢

獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“Suchpeople,withtheirabilitytofbcusontasksratherthanrewards…”可知，容易進(jìn)入‘‘心流"

狀態(tài)的人專注于任務(wù)而不是獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，此處問(wèn)如何才能進(jìn)入“心流”狀態(tài)時(shí)擁有兩者，即享受技能的提高，也

能有成為大師的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，故選C項(xiàng)。

[51題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，對(duì)于我們這些不一定擁有自成性格的人來(lái)說(shuō)，有證據(jù)表明心流狀

態(tài)可以由環(huán)境因素培養(yǎng)。A.Unexpectedly出乎意料地；B.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.Typically典型地，通常；

D.Obviously顯而易見(jiàn)地。結(jié)合后文“thereisevidencethatflowstatescanbebyenvironmental

factors.”可知，雖然我們不一定擁有自成性格，但是幸運(yùn)地是(Fortunately),有證據(jù)表明心流狀態(tài)可以

由環(huán)境因素培養(yǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)。

[52題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，對(duì)于我們這些不一定擁有自成性格的人來(lái)說(shuō)，有證據(jù)表明心流狀

態(tài)可以由環(huán)境因素培養(yǎng)。A.cultivated培養(yǎng)，栽培；B.extended延申，擴(kuò)大；C.influenced影響；D.bridged

消除(隔閡)。結(jié)合空后的“byenvironmentalfactors”及下文Montessori學(xué)校通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生發(fā)展個(gè)人興趣

而不鼓勵(lì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和排名，從而讓學(xué)生更容易進(jìn)入心流狀態(tài)的例子可知，心流狀態(tài)可以由環(huán)境因素培養(yǎng)。故

選A項(xiàng)。

[53題詳解】

考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，他們被鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展和追求個(gè)人興趣。A.Otherwise否則，不然；B.Therefore

因此；C.Furthermore而且；D.Instead相反。結(jié)合上一句"studentsdonotstudybyfollowingdirect

instructionJ可知，學(xué)生不按照直接的指示學(xué)習(xí)，相反，他們被鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展和追求個(gè)人興趣。故選D項(xiàng)。

【54題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不鼓勵(lì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)評(píng)分。A.advocated提倡；B.suspended停止；C.discouraged

使泄氣,使打消念頭;D.observed觀察。結(jié)合上文“studentsdonotstudybyfollowingdirectinstruction.^^

及空后“andgradingisnotemphasized”可知，學(xué)生被鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展和追求個(gè)人興趣，不鼓勵(lì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，也不強(qiáng)調(diào)評(píng)

分。故選C項(xiàng)。

【55題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)給自己無(wú)組織和開(kāi)放的時(shí)間、最小的干擾和設(shè)置中等難度的任務(wù)，當(dāng)我

們努力練習(xí)我們喜歡做的事情時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)愛(ài)上我們正在做的事情。A.priority優(yōu)先權(quán)；B.difficulty

困難；C.curiosity好奇心；D.identity身份。根據(jù)“unstructured,open-endedtime,minimumdistractions”可

知，此處是讓自己更容易進(jìn)入心流狀態(tài)的一些條件，“中等難度的任務(wù)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,8,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbest

accordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)(2022年浙江高考)

Manypeoplebelievethatworkingtothemaximumisthesecrettosuccess,butresearchhasfoundthat

moderationalsogetsresultsonthejob.

InastudyledbyEllenLangerofHarvardUniversity,researchersaskedpeopletotranslatesentencesintoa

newamade-uplanguage.Subjectswhopracticedthelanguagemoderatelybeforehandmadefewererrorsthan

thosewhopracticedextensivelyornotatall.Highlevelsofknowledgecanmakepeopletooattachedto

traditionalwaysofviewingproblemsacrossfieldsthearts,sciences,andpolitics.Highconscientiousnessis

relatedtolowerjobperformance,especiallyinsimplejobswhereitdoesn'tpaytobeaperfectionist.

Howlongwestayontheclockandhowwespendthattimeareundercarefulexaminationinmany

workplaces.Theyoungbankerwhoeatslunchathisdeskisprobablyseenasago-getter,whilehiscolleagues

whochatoverarelaxedconference-roommealgetdirtylooksfromthecorneroffice."Peoplefromcultures

thatvaluerelationshipsmorethanoursdoesareshockedbythethoughtofeatingaloneinfrontofacomputer”,

saysArtMarkman,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofTexas,Austin.Socialinteractionhasbeen

showntoliftmoodandgetpeoplethinkinginnewdirectionsandinwaysthatcouldhelpimproveany

post-luncheffort.

Markmanalsopromotesoff-tasktime."Partofbeingagoodthinkerisexperiencingthingsthatare

seeminglyunrelatedtowhatyouareworkingonatthemomentbutgiveyoufreshideasaboutyourwork,^^he

says."Also,thereisalotofresearchshowingthatapositivemoodleadstohigherlevelsofproductivityand

creativity.So,whenpeopledothingstoincreasetheirlifesatisfaction,theyalsomakethemselvesmore

effectiveatwork.^^

56.WhatdoesEllenLanger'sstudyshow?

A.ItisworthwhiletobeaperfectionistB.Translationmakespeopleknowledgeable.

C.Simplerjobsrequiregreatercaution.D.Moderateeffortproducesthebestresult.

57.Theunderlinedword“go-getter“inparagraph3referstosomeoneWho.

A.isgoodathandlingpressureB.workshardtobecomesuccessful

C.ahasanaturaltalentforhisjob.D.getsonwellwithhisco-workers

58.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Agoodthinkerisabletoinspireotherpeople.

B.Experienceunrelatedtoyourjobisuseless.

C.Acheerfulmoodhelpsmakeacreativemind.

D.Focusingonwhatyoudoraisesproductivity.

59.Whatdoesthetextseemtoadvocate?

A.Middle-of-the-roadworkhabits.B.Balancebetweenworkandfamily.

C.Long-standingculturaltraditions.D.Harmonyintheworkenvironment.

【答案】56.D57.B58.C59.A

【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了當(dāng)前的一項(xiàng)科研成果——適度的努力和

良好的情緒有利于提升工作效率。

56.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Manypeoplebelievethatworkingtothemaximumisthesecretto

success,butresearchhasfoundthatmoderation（適度）alsogetsresultsonthejob.（許多人認(rèn)為工作到最大限

度是成功的秘訣，但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，適度的工作也會(huì)帶來(lái)成果。）”和第二段中“InastudyledbyEllenLangerof

HarvardUniversity,researchersaskedpeopletotranslatesentencesintoanewamade-uplanguage.Subjects

whopracticedthelanguagemoderatelybeforehandmadefewererrorsthanthosewhopracticedextensivelyor

notatall.（在哈佛大學(xué)EllenLanger領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員要求人們將句子翻譯成一種新的虛構(gòu)的

語(yǔ)言。那些事先適度練習(xí)這門語(yǔ)言的受試者比那些全力練習(xí)或根本不練習(xí)的受試者犯的錯(cuò)誤要少。戶可

知，可知，第一段引出“適度的工作也能取得成效”這一觀點(diǎn)，而第二段用實(shí)例來(lái)證明支持研究者的這一

觀點(diǎn)。故選D。

57.B【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“whilehiscolleagueswhochatoverarelaxedconference-room

mealgetdirtylooksfromthecorneroffice」而他那些在會(huì)議室吃飯時(shí)閑聊的同事們則在角落辦公室里得到

不屑的目光。）“根據(jù)go-getter后面的提示詞while可知，go-getter前面的eatslunchathisdesk與其后面

的chatoverarelaxedconference-roommealgetdirtylooksfromthecorneroffice形成對(duì)比，突顯前者的積

極上進(jìn)。B項(xiàng)指那些努力工作而獲取成功的人，符合句意。故選B。

59.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后?段中“Also,thereisalotofresearchshowingthatapositivemoodleads

tohigherlevelsofproductivityandcreativity4此外，許多研究表明，積極的情緒能夠提高生產(chǎn)力和創(chuàng)造

力。戶可知，良好的情緒有利于提升生產(chǎn)力和創(chuàng)造力，由此推斷愉快的心情有助于使人產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)造性的思

維。C項(xiàng)中的cheerful和creativemind分別對(duì)應(yīng)文中的positive和creativity。故選Co

59.A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“butresearchhasfoundthatmoderation（適度）alsogetsresultsonthe

job.（但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，適度的工作也會(huì)帶來(lái)成果）”和第二段中“Highconscientiousnessisrelatedtolowerjob

performance,especiallyinsimplejobswhereitdoesn'tpaytobeaperfectionist.（高盡責(zé)性與低工作表現(xiàn)有

關(guān)，尤其是在簡(jiǎn)單的工作中，追求完美并不值得。廣可知，文章第一段即表明主題：適度的工作才能讓

人更加容易成功。第二段通過(guò)研究結(jié)果證明適度工作的效果要好于過(guò)度工作。由此可推斷本文旨在提倡

一種中庸、適度的工作方式。A項(xiàng)中的middle?of?the?road與文中的moderation相契合。故選A。

（B）（2022年全國(guó)新高考II卷）

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