2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省江門市鶴山雅瑤中學(xué)高二英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析

2021-2022學(xué)年廣東省江門市鶴山雅瑤中學(xué)高二英語上學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題28.Atthebackofthegarden______,whichgivesusmuchshade.A.atalltreestanding

B.doesatalltreestandC.standsatalltree

D.standingatalltree參考答案：C略2.Thoughyouarefamiliar_______thepoem,youmusttrytolearnit_______heart.A.to,to

B.to,with

C.with,by

D.with,to參考答案：C3.Theexplorerssailedontheoceanfortwoweeksand______foundthemysteriousland.A.generally

B.evetually

C.extremely

D.convinced

參考答案：B4.IthoughtshewastheverygirlthatIshouldmarry_______Imether.A.firsttime

B.forthefirsttime

C.thefirsttime

D.bythefirsttime

參考答案：C5.The_____parentswereall_____forthechildren'ssafety.A.concerned;concerned

B.concerned;concerningC.concerning;concerning

D.concerning;concerned參考答案：A6.Itisgreatly________thatyougotthefirstprizeinthemathscompetitioninourschoolthreeyearsinarow.

A.toyourrelief

B.toyoursorrow

C.toyourtaste

D.toyourcredit參考答案：D7.

Agoodteachermust_________tohisstudentshowimportantaproperlearningmethodis.A.getthrough

B.getacross

C.getaway

D.getover參考答案：B8.Becarefulnotto________anyletterwhenyouspelltheword.A.leaveoff

B.leaveout

C.pickout D.takeoff參考答案：B9.Ratherthan

onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers

abicycle.A.ride;ride

B.riding;ride

C.ride;toride

D.toride;riding參考答案：C10.—Whycan''''tIsmoke?—Atnotime_______inthemeetingroom.A．doessmokingpermitB．issmokingpermittedC．smokingispermittedD．permitssmoking參考答案：B11.TheIrishwhosufferfromtheeconomydepressionwillfindtheyget_____fromthemusicshowRiverdance. A.relief B.safety C.defense D.shelter參考答案：A12.SinceHelenhasnevertraveledalone,sheis____aboutthejourneyonherown.A.sensitive

B.cheerful

C.reliable

D.anxious參考答案：D13.Itistheabilityyouhave_____matters,notwhereyougraduatefromorwhatyoulooklike.A.which

B.that

C.what

D.it參考答案：B14.Theircarelessness______thefailure.Thatistosay,thefailure_____theircarelessness.A.resultedin;wasresultedfrom

B.resultedin;resultedfrom

C.resultedfrom;resultedin

D.wasresultedfrom;resultedin參考答案：B15.Shewenttothehoteltoseeherfriend,only_______hehadgoneaway.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.beingtold參考答案：B略16.He_____of_____hehadsaidatthemeeting.A.wasaccused;that

B.wasaccused;what

C.wascharged;what

D.accused;what參考答案：B二、完型填空17.完形填空（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1―15各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并將答案寫在答案卷上。Whileattendingaconference,Ireturnedtomyhotelroomlateoneevening.TheoverheadlightoutsidemydoorwasburnedoutandIhad1

findingthekeyhole.WhenI

2

toopenthedoor,I

3

aroundthewallforalightswitch.Ifoundaplatewhereaswitchwasonceinstalled...butnoswitch!

Notdiscouraged（灰心的）easily,Iremembered

4

alampbythebedwhenIdeposited（寄存）myluggageearlierintheday.Ifoundthebedinthe

5

andthenthelamp,butwhenIswitchediton,nothing

6

!IthoughtthatperhapsifIopenedthecurtainsImightbeabletousewhateverlightcomesinfromthe

7

tofindanotherlamp.SoI

8

mywayslowlyacrosstheroomtothecurtainsand...nodrawstring!Ifinallystumbled（跌跌撞撞地走）arounduntilIfoundadesklampwhichactually

___9

!ThateveningIdiscoveredinawholenewwayjusthowdarktheworldcanbeandhow____10___lightis!Butevenmorenecessarythanphysicallightisthelightthatshinesfrompeople--thelightof

11

andfaith.Because,formanypeople,theworldisadarkand_____12__place.Forsomeonetodayjustmaybestumblingindiscouragementorsadnessorfearandinneedofsomelight.Soletyourlightshine.Whateverlightyou_13___

maybeabeacon（信號(hào)燈）ofhopeandencouragement.Andifyoufeelthatyourlightis___14

acandleinaforest,remember—thereisn’tenoughdarknessinalltheworldto__15

thelightofonesmallcandle.1.A.confidence

B.respect

C.admiration

D.difficulty

2.A.managed

B.failed

C.wished

D.meant3.A.listened

B.felt

C.sensed

D.looked

4.A.equipping

B.producing

C.seeing

D.removing5.A.light

B.dark

C.room

D.corner

6.A.happened

B.operated

C.fired D.developed7.A.machine

B.street

C.room

D.car8.A.wound

B.forced

C.made

D.lost9.A.helped

B.affected

C.worked

D.inspired

10.A.good

B.bad

C.important

D.necessary

11.A.existence

B.love

C.delight D.wisdom12.A.lonely B.color1ful C.friendly D.complex13.A.make

B.offer

C.take

D.contribute14.A.notmorethanB.otherthan

C.nomorethan

D.ratherthan

15.A.putout

B.giveout

C.getover

D.setup參考答案：略三、閱讀理解18.Newresearchaboutmaleguppies,atropicalfishfoundinmostfreshandsaltwaterenvironmentspublishedinthejournalFunctionalEcologysuggeststhatmaleguppiesexposedtohighpredation(捕食行動(dòng))levelsoftendeveloplargerbrainsizesthanthoselivinginlow-riskenvironments.Consequently,thedevelopmentoflargerbrainsizesamongthemaleguppypopulationallowsforbetterchancesofsurvivalunderhighpredationconditions.TheteambeganitsresearchinthesouthernCaribbean.Theyconcentratedtheirobservationsonpopulationslocatedintwoindependentrivers.Ineach,theycollectedmaleguppieslivingaboveandbelowthewaterfalls.Asmallamountofpredatorslivedinthewatersabovethewaterfall,thereforethelocalguppypopulationhadevolved(進(jìn)化)underpredation-poorconditionsintoapredation-poorpopulation.Ontheotherhand,belowthewaterfall,predatorswerefoundtobeincreasing,makingenvironmentdangerous.Scientistsnoticedthatmaleguppieslocatedabovethewaterfallsoftendisplayedonaveragesmallerbrainsizesthanmaleslivingunderthewaterfall.Thenextstepwastofindoutifmaleguppiesfromhigh-predationpopulationonlyhadlargerbrainsasaresultoflongevolutionaryprocessesoradirectresponsetoexposure(暴露)toriskduringdevelopment.Thisquestiontooktheteamawayfromthetropicsandbacktothelaboratory,takingasamplegroupofguppiesoriginatingfromhighpredationgroup.Theseweredividedintotwotestpopulations.Thefirstgroupwasexposedtothesightandsmellofapredatorlivinginanearbyaquariumforfiveminutesatatime,fivetimesaweek.Theotherguppiesservedasacontrolgroupandlivedinnon-predatoryplaces.Theresultsshowedthatmalesexposedtopredatorshave21percentheavierbrainsthanthoseofthecontrolgroup.Maleguppiesaregenerallymorecolor1fulthanfemalesandthusmorelikelytobeexposedtopredationthreats.Theincreaseinintellectcouldoffermalesadvantagessuchastheabilitytodetectandreacttodangerearlier,increasingtheirchancesofsurvival.8.Welearnfromthepassagethat________.A.smarterfishhavebetterchancesofsurvivalB.guppiescan’tsurviveinhighpredatorconditionsC.thesizeofguppieschangeswiththeenvironmentD.largerbrainsonlyresultfromlongevolutionaryprocess9.Thisnewresearchwasdonemainlyby________.A.listingfacts B.analyzingdataC.makingcomparisons D.explainingreasons10.Maleguppiesaremoreeasilyattackedthanfemalesbecauseoftheir________.A.appearance B.behaviorC.lifehistory D.livingenvironment11.Whichofthefollowingproverbsreflectsthefindingsoftheresearch?A.Painpastispleasure.B.Greathopesmakegreatman.C.Whilethereislife,thereishope.D.Stormsmaketreestakedeeperroots.參考答案：8.A

9.C

10.A

11.D本文為說明文。最新研究表明，暴露在高捕食行動(dòng)下的雄性古比魚通常比生活在低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)環(huán)境中的雄性古比魚的大腦更大更聰明，他們有更好的生存機(jī)會(huì)。由此可見，環(huán)境愈惡劣，物種的生存能力越強(qiáng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后“Consequently,thedevelopmentoflargerbrainsizesamongthemaleguppypopulationallowsforbetterchancesofsurvivalunderhighpredationconditions.”及最后一段“Maleguppiesaregenerallymorecolor1fulthanfemalesandthusmorelikelytobeexposedtopredationthreats.Theincreaseinintellectcouldoffermalesadvantagessuchastheabilitytodetectandreacttodangerearlier,increasingtheirchancesofsurvival.”通過這兩部分的內(nèi)容可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在高捕食條件下，暴露在高捕食行動(dòng)下的雄性魚通常比生活在低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)環(huán)境中的雄性魚的大腦更大、更聰明，他們有更好的生存機(jī)會(huì)。它們能早發(fā)現(xiàn)危險(xiǎn)，早應(yīng)對(duì)危險(xiǎn)，這增加了他們生存的機(jī)會(huì)。由此可推斷出更聰明的魚兒生存機(jī)會(huì)更好。分析選項(xiàng)可知A符合題意，故選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段至第三段可知，研究小組在南加勒比地區(qū)開始的研究中對(duì)比了位于河流上下游的雄性guppies，由第四段可知，研究小組把一群源自高捕食群的guppies分為兩個(gè)試驗(yàn)群體進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。分析選項(xiàng)可知C符合題意，故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Maleguppiesaregenerallymorecolor1fulthanfemalesandthusmorelikelytobeexposedtopredationthreats.”可知，雄性魚比雌性魚外表顏色更鮮艷，因此更容易受到被捕食的威脅。由此可推斷出雄性魚易受攻擊是因?yàn)槠渫獗?，故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容“在《功能生態(tài)學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)關(guān)于熱帶魚類雄性魚的最新研究表明，暴露在高捕食水平下的雄性魚通常比生活在低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)環(huán)境中的雄性魚的大腦更大。因此，在高捕食條件下，雄性魚群體中大腦發(fā)育體積較大的有更好的生存機(jī)會(huì)?！庇纱丝芍?，在環(huán)境愈惡劣的環(huán)境中生存能力越強(qiáng)。分析選項(xiàng)：A.Painpastispleasure.苦盡甘來；B.Greathopesmakegreatman偉大的抱負(fù)造就偉大的人物；C.Whilethereislife,thereishope只要活著，就有希望；D.Stormsmaketreestakedeeperroots.暴風(fēng)雨使樹木扎根更深（感激敵人，感激挫折）?？芍狣項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D。19.Masscommunicationhasbeengrowingandaffectingthewaycommunitiesandpeoplebehave.Ateverystageofthedevelopmentofcommunication,fromthetelegraphtotheInternet,societieshavehadtoadapttoitseffects.Buthavetheeffectsbeenmorepositiveornegative?Thesaying“Knowledgeispower”hasbeenanexcellentmotivatorforpeopletoimprovetheirlives,buttodaythemassiveamountofinformationavailablethroughtheInternetdoesn’talwaysseemtotobehelpingpeopleinthewaywehadhoped.Ratherthanimprovingpeople’slivesandbringingusclosertogether,theinformationageismakingusmoredividedandirresponsible.Nevertheless,manypeoplefindcomfortintheirvirtualworldsandarehappytoconnectwithreal-lifefriendsandonlinefriendsfromthefamiliarsurroundingsoftheirlivingrooms.However,beingabletoreinventthemselvesonlineandbewhoevertheywanttobeleadstothequestionofwhethertheyarelosingtheiridentitiesbylivinginavirtualworld.It’snotallbadnews,however.Masscommunicationhashelpedchangesomeattitudesforthebetter.Takeourviewsontheenvironmentforexample.Internetcampaignsbygovernmentsandotherorganizationshavehelpedpopularizetheideasofrecycling,protectingwildlifeandreducingpollution.Modernelectroniccommunicationnowinfluenceseveryaspectofourlives-itisapowerfultoolthathasraisedsomeconcernsforsociety.However,ithasalsobroughtcountlessbenefitstosociety.Attheendoftheday,itcanbeusedbothforgoodorevil,whichlargelyreliesonthemoralsandsenseofresponsibilityoftheindividualorcommunityinvolved.Inshort,itneedstobeusedwithcare.12.Accordingtothetext,theinformationagetoday_______.A.helpspeopleimprovetheirlivesB.fullyshows“knowledgeispower”C.makespeoplefeelmoreconnectedtoothersD.failstoachieveourexpectationssometimes13.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Peopleonlyconnectwithonlinefriends.B.Onlinefriendscanbecomfortingforallpeople.C.Virtuallivescanmakepeopleclearofwhotheyare.D.TheInternethelpstoraiseourenvironmentalawareness.14.Whatcanbeknownaboutelectroniccommunicationinthelastparagraph?A.Itshouldbeusedinacautiousway.B.Itdoesmo