2018學(xué)年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)-動(dòng)詞不定式 (一)

TheInfinitive(Ⅰ)

Definition

Form

Usage

Exercises

動(dòng)詞不定式是非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種，它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能獨(dú)立作謂語?？隙ㄊ剑簍o+

動(dòng)詞原形否定式：notto+

動(dòng)詞原形(to是不定式符號(hào)，無意義，有時(shí)可以不帶)動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式動(dòng)詞不定式的用法

動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。因此在句中可以做主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。功能：

作主語

todo作主語，常放句尾，用it作形式主語1.Itis+adj.+(of/forsb.)+todosth.It’sgoodtoseeyou.

Toseeistobelieve.Itiskindofyoutosaythat.2.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.It’sdifficultforyoutolearnmathswell.Exercises跳舞非常有趣。種些植物是非常有必要的。說英語對(duì)我來說并不容易。聽到你的聲音真高興。Todanceisalotoffun.Itisalotoffuntodance.Togrowplantsisveryimportant.Tohearyourvoiceissonice.TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforme.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.作表語Toseeistobelieve.Hiswishistobeadoctor.Exercise我的工作是每天打掃這間屋子。最上策的計(jì)劃就是馬上離開這兒。3我的夢想就是成為一名科學(xué)家。Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.Thebestplanistoleaveatonce.Mydreamistobeascientist.作賓語

(v.+todo)Iwanttobuyacomputer.Shehopestofindabetterjob.Iwishtogowithyou.wanttodohopetodowishtodoneedtodo learntodo agreetodoplantododecidetodo refusetodofailtodomanagetodooffertodopromisetodoasktodochoosetodobegintodostarttodo trytodoforgettodoremembertodo liketodostoptodo goontodowouldliketodoExercise他想借用我的錄音機(jī)。他們開始讀和寫。李琳喜歡玩什么？她喜歡踢足球。你長大了想做什么？Hewantstoborrowmyradio.Theybegantoreadandwrite.WhatsportsdoesLiLinliketoplay?Shelikestoplaysoccer.Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的注意事項(xiàng)（2點(diǎn)）1．有些動(dòng)詞既可跟不定式作賓語，也可跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但含義不同：remembertodo

記住要做某事；rememberdoing

記得曾經(jīng)做過某事forgettodo忘記要做某事

forgetdoing

忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事stoptodo

停下來去做某事

stopdoing

停止做某事goontodo

繼續(xù)做另一件事

goondoing

繼續(xù)做原來在做的事Irememberseeingyousomewherebefore.

我記得以前在哪兒見過你。Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.

離開時(shí)請(qǐng)記得關(guān)好燈。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的注意事項(xiàng)（2點(diǎn)）2．不定式作賓語時(shí)，如帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語，則要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式賓語，構(gòu)成“主語+動(dòng)詞+it+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞、名詞）+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

Hefounditverydifficulttogettosleep.

他發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡。作賓語補(bǔ)足語：(v.+sb.+todo)Sheasked

me

tohelpher.Theteachertold

him

tocomeontime.Edison’smothertaught

him

toreadandwrite.

asksb.todotellsb.todoteachsb.todoallowsb.todo

wantsb.todo wishsb.todo

getsb.todo ordersb.todo

findsb.tobe likesb.todo

wouldlikesb.todo helpsb.(to)do他要求我再大聲點(diǎn)兒。Lucy告訴他不要哭。吉姆告訴李明由衷地祝福每個(gè)人。他讓我再做一次。Sheaskedmetospeaklouder.Lucytoldhimnot

tocry.JimtoldLiMingtogivehisbestwishestoeverybody.Heletmedoitagain.注意A.有些動(dòng)詞后面的不定式不帶to，如feel（一感）hear,listento（二聽）make,have,let（三讓）

see,watch,notice,observe（四看）.但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加to.Iheardthemsingapopsong.Theywereheard

to

singapopsong.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.注意

B.

動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式只須在to

前加

not.不帶to的不定式則在動(dòng)詞前加not.

Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob.Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain.Mymotherletmenotdoitbymyself.注意C.帶疑問詞的動(dòng)詞不定式在to

前加疑問詞。不定式與疑問詞連用,常用動(dòng)詞有:askknowlearnteachtellunderstand等。Mr.Linwillteachushowtousethecomputer.Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook?構(gòu)成形式作用例句who

whatwhichhow等＋todowherewhen主語Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.表語Thequestioniswheretogo.賓語Idon’tknowhowtodoit.賓補(bǔ)Nobodytolduswhattodo.注意D.作簡短回答或避免不必要的重復(fù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式常常省去to后面的動(dòng)詞，只保留to

。A:Wouldyouliketocometomyparty?Marywantedtousemybike,butIaskedhernotto(usemybike).B:Yes,I’dloveto(cometoyourparty).Mary想用我的自行車，但我叫她別用。感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel

感官動(dòng)詞后既可跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，也可跟v-ing作賓補(bǔ)，前者表示動(dòng)作的全部過程已結(jié)束；后者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。

Isawhim

comedownstairs.我看見他下了樓。(說明他下樓了這件事)

Isawhim

coming

downstairs.我看見他在下樓。（說明他下樓時(shí)的情景）1______ishelpfultorememberthesethings.a.This b.That c.It d.There2Itisimportantforus______well.a.study b.tostudy c.studied d.studying3Itisnoteasy_________.a.tospeakgoodEnglishb.speakgoodEnglish c.tospeakwellEnglish d.speakEnglishwell4Itis_______tohaveChristmaspartieswithourfriends.a.funny b.interest c.fan d.fun5________funitistoswiminthesea!a.Whata b.How c.What d.Howacbadc6Autumnletsthecountryside_________verydifferent.a.looks b.tolook c.looking d.look7Theoldpictureshaveme_______thesaddays.a.tothinkabout b.tothinkofc.thinkabout d.thinkof8Paulneednotbemade________.healwaysworkshard.

a.learn b.tolearn c.learned d.learning9Inwinter,youcanseesnowflakes________down.a.fall b.fell c.felling d.tofall10Peter

isoftenheard_____inthenextroom.a.cry b.cried c.cryed d.tocryddbad11.Idon'tmean________youbecausewhatIhavesaidreallymeans________youtobegood.A.tohurt;toadviseB.tohurt;advisingC.hurting;toadvise D.hurting;advising12.Thechildrenarelookingforwardto________gifts.A.givingB.giveC.beinggivenD.begiven13.Doyouknow________repairthismachine?A.howtoB.whattoC.wheretoD.iftoBforget,goon,like,regret,remember,stop,tryCbeusedto,devote…to,leadto,turnto,payattentiontoA14.WhowillMrWhitehave_______thisletter?A.typeB.typedC.totypeD.typing15.Isawalittlegirl_______ahammer__________thebox.A.touse;toopenB.use;openC.using;openedD.using;toopenIoftenhearhimsingthesong.Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.have,let,make,see,hear,lookat,listento,watch,feel,observe,notice,feelAD16.Heisbusylookingforaroom________.A.livinginB.toliveinC.toliveD.tobelivedin17.Thebookwrittenbyhimisdifficult________.A.tobeunderstandingB.tobeunderstoodC.understandD.tounderstand18.I'mglad_______achance________yourfactory.A.tohavebeengiven;tovisitB.tohavegiven;tovisitC.togiventovisitD.tobegiving;visitingBDA19.Itwasstupid_______youradvice.A.formenottotakeB.ofmenottakingC.formenottakingD.ofmenottotake20.Thereisnothing_________but_________downandwaitforhim.todo;sitB.todo;sittingC.todo;tositD.tobedone;tosit21.Hisjobis_______thestudents’meetings.A.organizeB.toorganizeC.organizingD.organizedDKind,brave,careful,honest,good,nice,right,stupid,wise,wrongbut,except,besidesABFillintheblankswiththeproperforms：1.Itmakesme_______(feel)worried.2.Hemust______(go)backtotheschool.3.Whydon’tyou______(take)amapwithyou?4.Youhadbetter_______(do)yourhomeworkcarefully.5.It’sbetterforyou_________(do)yourhomeworkcarefully.feelgotakedotodo6.Don’tworry.Hewillagree______(give)themoneytoyou.7.Lucyplans________(go)tocollegeaftergraduation.8.Iwouldlike_______(have)alook.9.Jimfailed_______(pass)theexam.10.Ihope_______(get)thereontime.togivetogotohavetopasstogetChoosetherightanswer:1、Wefeelthetrain_______.(move/tomove)2、Doyoulikelisteningtootherpeople______?(talk/talking/totalk)3、Jimwasseen________theroom.(enter/toenter)4、Pleasetellher_________atonce.(go/nottogo)movetalktoenternottogo5、I’llhelpyou_________thisproblem.(tosolve/solve)Changethesentences：1、Iwishyoutostaywithus.(改成復(fù)合句）2、Herstorymadeuslaugh.(改成被動(dòng)句）(to)solveIwishyouwillstaywithus.Weweremadetolaughbyherstory.3Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.(改被動(dòng))Theyweremade_________________thewholenight.4Isawhimdance.(改被動(dòng))Hewasseen_________________.5InsummerIoftensee

somestudents.Theyflykites.(合并為一句)InsummerIoftenseesomestudents_________________.toworktodanceflykites6Togotothebeachinsummerisfun.(保持原意)________________fun________gotothebeach.7Towalkintheraininspringisawful.(保持原意)________awful________walkintheraininspring.8Itisnotsafetogooutsideinthisweather.(保持原意)________gooutsideinthisweather________dangerous.9Itisnicetoflykitesinautumn.(劃線部分提問)________isit_________flykitesinautumn?ItistoIt’stoToisHowtoMrWhite’sscheduleInthemorning6:00getup6:30havebreakfastathome7:00gotowork8:30attendameeting★10:00haveaninterviewwithMr.White11:00posta