托福作文寫作范文詳解ofesso

托福作文寫作范文詳解ReadingProfessorsarenormallyfoundinuniversityclassrooms,offices,andlibrariesdoingresearchandlecturingtotheirstudents.Moreandmore,however,theyalsoappearasguestsontelevisionnewsprograms,givingexpertcommentaryonthelatesteventsintheworld.Thesetelevisionappearancesareofgreatbenefittotheprofessorsthemselvesaswellastotheiruniversitiesandthegeneralpublic.Professorsbenefitfromappearingontelevisionbecausebydoingsotheyacquirereputationsasauthoritiesintheiracademicfieldsamongamuchwideraudiencethantheyhaveoncampus.Ifaprofessorpublishesviewsinanacademicjournal,onlyotherscholarswilllearnaboutandappreciatethoseviews.ButwhenaprofessorappearsonTV,thousandsofpeopleoutsidethenarrowacademiccommunitybecomeawareoftheprofessor’sideas.Sowhenprofessorssharetheirideaswithatelevisionaudience,theprofessors’importanceasscholarsisenhanced.Universitiesalsobenefitfromsuchappearances.TheuniversitiesreceivepositivepublicitywhentheirprofessorsappearonTV.Whenpeopleseeaknowledgeablefacultymemberofauniversityontelevision,theythinkmorehighlyofthatuniversity.Thatthenleadstoanimprovedreputationfortheuniversity.Andthatimprovedreputationinturnleadstomoredonationsfortheuniversityandmoreapplicationsfrompotentialstudents.Finally,thepublicgainsfromprofessors’appearingontelevision.Mosttelevisionviewersnormallyhavenocontactwithuniversityprofessors.Whenprofessorsappearontelevision,viewershaveachancetolearnfromexpertsandtobeexposedtoviewstheymightotherwiseneverhearabout.Televisionisgenerallyamediumforcommentarythattendstobesuperficial,notdeeporthoughtful.Fromprofessorsontelevision,bycontrast,viewersgetatasteofrealexpertiseandinsight.Listening:ProfessorLately,we’vebeenseeingsomeprofessorsontelevision.Thoughit’ssometimesclaimedtobeagoodthing,weshouldquestionwhetheranybodyreallybenefitsfromit.Firstofall,it’snotgoodfortheprofessorsthemselves—notfromaprofessionalstandpoint.Rightlyorwrongly,aprofessorwhoappearsonTVtendstogetthereputationamongfellowprofessorsofbeingsomeonewhoisnotaseriousscholar—someonewhochoosestoentertainratherthantoeducate.Andforthatreason,TVprofessorsmaynotbeinvitedtoimportantconferences—importantmeetingstodiscusstheiracademicwork.Theymayevenhavedifficultygettingmoneytodoresearch.Soforprofessors,beingaTVcelebrityhasimportantdisadvantages.AsecondpointisthatbeingonTVcantakealotofaprofessor’stime—notjustthetimeonTVbutalsotimefiguringoutwhattopresentandtimespentrehearsing,traveltime,eventimegettingmadeuptolookgoodforthecameras.Andallthistimecomesoutofthetimetheprofessorcanspenddoingresearch,meetingwithstudents,andattendingtouniversitybusiness.SoyoucancertainlyseethereareproblemsfortheuniversityanditsstudentswhenprofessorsareintheTVstudioandnotoncampus.Sowhodoesbenefit?Thepublic?That’snotsocleareither.Look,professorsdohavealotofknowledgetooffer,butTVnetworksdon’twantreallyseriousin‐depthacademiclecturesforafter‐dinnerviewing.Whatthenetworkswantistheacademictitle,nottheintellectualsubstance.ThematerialthatprofessorsusuallypresentonTV—suchasbackgroundoncurrentevents,orsomebriefhistoricalintroductiontoanewmovieversionofagreatliterarywork—thismaterialisnotmuchdifferentfromwhatviewerswouldgetfromaTVreporterwhohaddonealittlehomework.閱讀聽力要點概括ReadingPassageTheme:TheunstoppableinvasionfromZMwillleadtoseriousimpactonnativefishKeypoint1:Owingtoships,ZMwillquicklytakeoverallthehabitatsinNorthAmericaKeypoint2:Universitiescangetbetterreputation,moredonationsandmoreapplicantsKeypoint3:PublicpeoplecanobtainmoreinsightfulandprofoundknowledgeLectureTheme:Question,benefitsKeywords1:Serious,entertain,educate,invited,conferences,difficulty,money,researchKeywords2:Time,research,students,universitybusiness,TVstudio,oncampusKeywords3:Public,in‐depth,title,substance,background,briefintroduction,different,TVreporter范文逐段賞析Paragraph1Thepassageintroducesthreereasonswhyprofessorsshouldappearontelevisions:gainingreputationfortheprofessor,forthecollegeandtoeducatethegeneralpublic.However,thelecturedisagrees.此段功能簡單概括了文章中的主要觀點，即教授上電視節(jié)目對本人、學(xué)校及大眾都有益處。然后提出演講直接反對了這些觀點，為下文論述做好鋪墊。此段結(jié)構(gòu)此段是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，分別陳述了文章及演講中的觀點。Paragraph2Thepassagepresentsaplausibleviewthatprofessorsappearingontelevisionsmakesthemauthoritiesandactuallygivestheaccesstoawideraudiencethatthestudentsattheiruniversities.However,prudentasitmightseem,thelecturerstatesthatsuchprofessorswhoappearfrequentlyontelevisionsarenotgenerallyviewedasseriousscholarsamongtheirfellowprofessors.Asaresult,thoseprofessorswillreceivelessinvitationtoattendacademicconferencesorlesslikelytoreceiveresearchgrants.Thisseriouslyhinderstheprofessor’sopportunitytofurthergrowasaresearcher.此段功能此段從正反兩個方面分別陳述了文章及演講中的觀點。文章認(rèn)為教授上電視節(jié)目使得更廣泛的聽眾可以有機(jī)會接觸到他們的課程；然而演講駁斥說，經(jīng)常上節(jié)目的教授會因此在學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展上減少機(jī)會，限制了其發(fā)展。此段結(jié)構(gòu)此段從正反兩個方面進(jìn)行對比，采用的是并列結(jié)構(gòu)。Paragraph3Sufficetonote,thereadingstatesthatuniversitiesdobenefitwhentheirprofessorsappearontelevisionsbecausepublictakeofsuchfacultymembersisthatauniversityisofhighstature,leadingtoworshipedreputationandthusawaytosolicitdonations.Thatsaid,thelecturerrefutestheclaimbystatingthatsuchprofessorswhofrequentlyappearontelevisionsalsohaveanegativeeffectonstudentsandtheuniversity.Appearingontelevisionstakesalotoftimetoprepare,includingpreparationforthematerial,transportationtimeandeventimetodressup.Thisprecioustimecanalsobeusedtoteachclass,helpstudents,orevendofurtherresearch.Asaresult,professorswhoappearontelevisionswastealotoftimethatcanbeusedtocontributetoteachingandresearch.此段功能此段從正反兩個方面分別陳述了文章及演講中的觀點。文章認(rèn)為教授上節(jié)目可以增加學(xué)校的聲譽(yù)并由此增加捐款，但演講中駁斥道，教授上節(jié)目將花費非常多的時間和精力，從而事實上會影響教學(xué)與研究。此段結(jié)構(gòu)此段從正反兩個方面進(jìn)行對比，采用的是并列結(jié)構(gòu)。Paragraph4Itisacommendableanalysisfromthereadingthatwhenprofessorsappearontelevision,thepublicthatusuallyhasnochanceofmeetingsuchlearnedpeoplethenbenefitsbecauseitmanagestointeractwiththeprofessors.However,theviewisdilutedbythelecturer'sclaimthatprofessorsappearingontelevisionsdonotusuallyhelpeducatethegeneralpublic.Thetelevisionnetworkisnotinterestedinhavingtheprofessorexplainingintellectualsubstancesoftheirresearchesbutrather,inhavingthemexplainsomebasicbackgroundinformationorhistory.Thistypeofinformationcanbeeasilypresentedbyaseriousreporterwhohasdonehisworkproperly.此段功能此段從正反兩個方面分別陳述了文章及演講中的觀點。文章認(rèn)為教授上節(jié)目可以增加大眾與教授們的互動學(xué)習(xí)，但演講中駁斥道，教授在電視節(jié)目上其實并沒有講解更深刻的內(nèi)容，而多是背景信息和歷史等方面的講解，