2021年山東省新高考英語(yǔ)試卷(附詳解)

2021年山東省新高考英語(yǔ)試卷2021年山東省新高考英語(yǔ)試卷（附詳解）2021年山東省新高考英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）APOETRYCHALLENGEWriteapoemabouthowcourage，determination，andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife．PrizesGrandPrizes：TriptoWashington，D．C．foreachofthreewinners，aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice.Tripincludesround.tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights，andtoursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld．FirstPrizes：ThebookSkyPioneer：APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthorCorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch．HonorableMentions：Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners，whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight．RulesFollowallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification．Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer．Yourpoemcanbeanyformat，anynumberoflines．Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper．Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthepaper．Onthesamesheetofpaper，writeortypeyourname，address，telephonenumber，andbirthdate．MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear．HowmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetripA.Two． B.Three． C.Four． D.Six．Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget？A.Aplaneticket． B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo．C.AspecialT-shirt． D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart．Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification？Typingyourpoemout．Writingapoemof120words．Usingbothsidesofthepaper．MailingyourentryonOctober30．BJenniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree．ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm，andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids．Afterhighschool，Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition（學(xué)費(fèi)），becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves：nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jenniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree：Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（犧牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy．"Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers，"shesays．However，herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree．Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat'sprettypowerful.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool？Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork．Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown．Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege．Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome．WhydidJennifercheesetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield？A.Totakecareofherkidseasily．Tolearnfromthebestnurses．Tosavemoneyforherparents．Tofindawell-paidjobthere.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoalA.Herhealth. B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation. D.Herchanceofpromotion.WhatcanwelearnfromJennifer'sstory？Timeismoney.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.Hardworkpaysoff.Educationisthekeytosuccess.CInthemid-1990s，ToniBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths，physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater，stillattractedtothecountry，hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea：LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia，whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea．ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland，andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway：Rustam，histranslator，a1ovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia，OlegandNatasha，hishostsinTashkent，andastringofforeignaidworkers．ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan，madeoffriendlinessandwarmth，butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety．InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing．InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral（葬禮）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan，heissaddenedbytheduststorms，diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences，makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan，seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican，aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains，thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook，orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A.Hisfriends'invitation. B.Hisinterestinthecountry.C.Hisloveforteaching. D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph2refertoDevelopingaseriousmentaldisease.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan？A.Romantic.B.Eventful. C.Pleasant. D.Dangerous.WhatisthepurposeofthistextTointroduceabook.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.Torememberawriter.Torecommendatraveldestination.AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch，boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake．Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions（份），it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits，theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments．Inthefirst，95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly（表面上）participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack．Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst．Inhernaturalstate，theactorweighed105pounds．Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds．Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood．Theparticipantsfollowedsuit，takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave．However，theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin．Forthesecondtest，inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest：theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe"I'llhavewhatshe'shaving"effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI？WhatistherecentstudymainlyaboutA.Foodsafety. B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand. D.Eatingbehavior.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beanpoles"inparagraph1referto？A.Bigeaters. B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters. D.Tallthinpersons.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor？Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests．Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown．Onwhatbasisdowe"adjusttheinfluence"accordingtothelastparagraph？A.Howhungryweare． B.Howslimwewanttobe．C.Howweperceiveothers． D.Howwefeelaboutthefood．二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking．（1） DoyouwanttobeagoodpublicspeakerHerearesomeprinciplesyoumostmaster．Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting，relaxedandcomfortable．Toooften，whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech，youfocusonthe"public"attheexpenseofthe"speaking．"Focusonthespeaking．Talkdirectlytoyouraudience，beyourselfandmakeaconnection．Eventhemostsuccessfulpublicspeakerwillmakemistakes．Yet，theonlyonewhocaresaboutanymistakeistheonewhoisspeaking.People'sattentionwandersconstantly.Infact,mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker'smessage.So,don'tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit'satrulyseriousone.（3）Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.（4） Andlikeeverythingelseinlife,thattakespractice.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.It'sraretohearsomeonesay,"Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger."Ontheotherhand,youprobablycan'tcountthetimesthatyou'vethought,"I'mgladthattalkisover.Itseemedtogoonforever!"Sosurpriseyouraudience.Alwaysmakeyourpresentationjustabitshorterthananticipated.It'sbettertoleaveyourlistenerswishingformorethanshiftingrestlesslyintheirseatswaitingforyourspeechfinallytoend.A.Dotheopposite.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking,lessisusuallymore.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners．However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe．A.Dotheopposite．Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker．Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore．Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.A.Dotheopposite.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.However,themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.A.Dotheopposite.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.A.Dotheopposite.Youwanttobeaneffectivepublicspeaker.Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.Whenitcomestopublicspeaking，lessisusuallymore.Theobjectiveofmostspeechesistobenefittheaudience.Takethefearoutofpublicspeakingbyfocusingonyourlisteners.However，themajorityofpeopleareeffectivespeakersbecausetheytraintobe.三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia．Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond（1） ．Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof（2） therefromaveryyoungage．Whenhewas16，Molaibegantonoticesomething（3） happeningaroundhishome．Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe（4） itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds．（5） ，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell．He（6） thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe（7）.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek（8） duringthedaytime．Heturnedtothe（9） departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere．However，Molaiwentlookingonhisownand（10） anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees．（11） youngplantsinthedryseasonwas（12） foraloneboy．Molaibuiltatthe（13） ofeachsapling（幼樹(shù)）abambooplatform，whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto（14）rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow.Mola（i15） toplanttreesforthenext37years．Hiseffortshaveresultedin1，360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.21.A.dreamB.jobC.homeD.choice22.A.natureB.youthC.cultureD.knowledge23.A.preciousB.interestingC.disturbingD.awkward24.A.wasteB.tensionC.painD.damage25.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise26.A.agreedB.realizedC.rememberedD.predicted27.A.noiseB.heatC.diseaseD.dust28.A.directionsB.partnersC.helpD.shelter29.A.laborB.policeC.forestD.finance30.A.rebuiltB.discoveredC.leftD.managed31.A.DecoratingB.ObservingC.WateringD.Guarding32.A.toughB.illegalC.fantasticD.beneficial33.A.backB.topC.footD.side34.A.cooldownB.keepoffC.purifyD.collect35.A.returnedB.learnedC.failedD.continued四、語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）Manypeoplehavethehobbyofcollectingthings，e．g．stamps，postcardorantiques．Inthe18thand19thcenturies，（1） （wealth）peopletravelledandcollectedplants，historicalobjectsandworksofart．Theykepttheircollectionathomeuntilitgottoobig（2） untiltheydied，andthenitwasgiventoamuseum．The80，000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane，forexample，（3） （form）thecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum（4） openedin1759．Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic（5） （call）galleriesorrooms．Often，onlyasmallpartofamuseum'scollection（6）（be）ondisplay.Mostofitisstoredawayorusedforresearch．Manymuseumsarelivelyplacesandtheyattractalotofvisitors．Aswellaslookingatexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations（模擬）andimagine（7）（they）livingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor（8） （walk）througharainforest．AttheJorvikCentreinYork，thecity'sVikingsettlementisrecreated，andpeopleexperiencethesights,soundsandsmellsoftheoldtown.Historical（9）（accurate）isimportantbutsoisentertainment.Museumsmustcompete（10）people'ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.五、書(shū)面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）假定你是李華，上周日你校舉辦了5公里越野賽跑活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：.參加人員；.跑步路線：從校門(mén)口到南山腳下；.活動(dòng)反響。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ACross-CountryRunningRace閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheMeredithfamilylivedinasmallcommunity．Astheeconomywasindecline，somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs．Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet．Peopleweretryingtohelpeachothermeetthechallenges．Mrs．Meredithwasamostkindandthoughtfulwoman．Shespentagreatdealoftimevisitingthepoor．Sheknewtheyhadproblems，andtheyneededallkindsofhelp．Whenshehadtime,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothem.Onemorningshetoldherchildrenaboutafamilyshehadvisitedthedaybefore.Therewasamansickinbed，hiswife，whotookcareofhimandcouldnotgoouttowork，andtheirlittleboy.Thelittleboy-hisnamewasBernard-hadinterestedherverymuch."Iwishyoucouldseehim，"shesaidtoherownchildren，John，Harry，andClara."Heissuchahelptohismother.Hewantsverymuchtoearnsomemoney,butIdon'tseewhathecando."Aftertheirmotherlefttheroom,thechildrensatthinkingaboutBernard."Iwishwecouldhelphimtoearnmoney,"saidClara."Hisfamilyissufferingsomuch.""SodoI,"saidHarry."Wereallyshoulddosomethingtoassistthem."Forsomemoments,Johnsaidnothing,but,suddenly,hesprangtohisfeetandcried,"Ihaveagreatidea!Ihaveasolutionthatwecanallhelpaccomplish（完成）."Theotherchildrenalsojumpedupallattention.WhenJohnhadanidea,itwassuretobeagoodone."Itellyouwhatwecando,"saidJohn."YouknowthatbigboxofcornUncleJohnsentusWell,wecanmakepopcorn（爆米花）,andputitintopaperbags,andBernardcantakeitaroundtothehousesandsellit．"注意：.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。答案和解析.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】C【小題3】B【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段"3GrandPrizes：TriptoWashington，D.C．foreachofthreewinners，aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice.m個(gè)大獎(jiǎng)：三位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)撸晃患议L(zhǎng)和獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)哌x擇的另一個(gè)人，各自前往華盛頓特區(qū)。"可知每位大獎(jiǎng)得主可以帶兩個(gè)人參加這次免費(fèi)旅行。故選A。.根據(jù)第四段"50HonorableMentions：Judgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinners，whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight．50個(gè)榮譽(yù)提名：評(píng)委將選出多達(dá)50位榮譽(yù)提名獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，每人將獲得一件T恤，以紀(jì)念埃爾哈特的最后一次飛行?！笨芍恳晃猾@獎(jiǎng)?wù)叨紩?huì)得到一件特別的T恤。故選C。.根據(jù)"Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.小心遵守所有規(guī)則，以免被取消資格。Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.可知詩(shī)的字?jǐn)?shù)必須在100以?xún)?nèi)，120會(huì)被取消資格。故選B。.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】B【小題4】C【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition（學(xué)費(fèi)），詹妮弗去了當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰夹g(shù)學(xué)院，工作以支付她的學(xué)費(fèi)，可知她自食其力讀完技術(shù)學(xué)院。故選C。.根據(jù)第三段ShechosetheUW.EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour.yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.她選擇了威斯康星州馬士菲爾德圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-Eau-Claire項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)樗梢栽陔x家較近的地方，她可以開(kāi)車(chē)去上課,晚上回家?guī)椭⒆??？芍材莞ヒ隈R什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院做這個(gè)項(xiàng)目,能夠更方便照顧孩子。故選A。.根據(jù)最后一段Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed（犧牲）toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.在這一切中，她一直保持著良好的學(xué)術(shù)地位，并以?xún)?yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)。詹妮弗為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)而犧牲，放棄了和孩子們?cè)谝黄鸬脑S多夜晚，也錯(cuò)過(guò)了孩子重要的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)?？芍材莞榱诉_(dá)到她的目標(biāo)犧牲了她和家人在一起的時(shí)間。故選B。.本文講述詹妮弗?莫爾因?yàn)槌錾毟F，自食其力讀完技術(shù)學(xué)院，后來(lái)結(jié)婚后，又邊照顧孩子，邊攻讀四年制學(xué)位，并以?xún)?yōu)異成績(jī)畢業(yè)。告訴我們謳歌道理：努力工作有回報(bào)。故選C。8.【答案】【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】B【小題4】A【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.幾年后，仍然被這個(gè)國(guó)家吸引,他回到烏茲別克斯坦寫(xiě)了一篇關(guān)于咸海消失的文章?？芍?比塞爾對(duì)這個(gè)國(guó)家的興趣使他回到了烏茲別克斯坦。故選B。.根據(jù)第一段的Afewyearslater, stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.幾年后，仍然被這個(gè)國(guó)家吸引，他回到烏茲別克斯坦寫(xiě)了一篇關(guān)于咸海消失的文章。可知第二段首句里面的that指的是”寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于咸海的文章”。故選D。.根據(jù)第三段的ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.這是對(duì)烏茲別克斯坦生活的一個(gè)快速的觀察，它既有友好和溫暖,也有社會(huì)黑暗的一面?？芍?比塞爾在烏茲別克斯坦的公路之旅是多事的。A.Romantic浪漫的；B.Eventful多事的；C.Pleasant愉快的；D.Dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。故選B。.根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.正如作者所解釋的，這既不是一本旅行書(shū)，也不是一本歷史書(shū),甚至不是一篇報(bào)告文學(xué),無(wú)論它是什么,其結(jié)果都是對(duì)最純粹的中亞傳統(tǒng)的精辟生動(dòng)的描述?？芍?，文章主要介紹一本書(shū)的內(nèi)容。故選A。12.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】D【小題3】A【小題4】C【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.^R據(jù)《消費(fèi)者研究雜志》(JournalofConsumerResearch)最近的一項(xiàng)研究，我們的飲食同伴的體型和消費(fèi)習(xí)慣都會(huì)影響我們的食物攝取量?？芍罱难芯恐饕顷P(guān)于飲食行為的。故選D。.根據(jù)第一段Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份)，it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.現(xiàn)存的研究是你應(yīng)該避免和體重較大的人一起吃大餐，與之相反的是你真正需要避免的是那些有著大胃口的。根據(jù)第三段Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit，takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwas山山.胖版和瘦版的演員都吃了大量的食物，參與者也跟著做了，吃了比平時(shí)多的食物，然而，當(dāng)演員瘦的時(shí)候,他們吃得明顯更多。可知跟著瘦的吃的多人,你會(huì)吃的更多。可知beanpoles意思是瘦的人，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)：A.Bigeaters大食客；B.Overweightpersons超重者；C.Pickyeaters挑食者；D.Tallthinpersons又高又瘦的人。故選D。.根據(jù)最后一段Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.測(cè)試表明，當(dāng)我們做出決定時(shí)，社會(huì)環(huán)境是非常有影響力的?？芍芯咳藛T要雇用演員是為了看看她會(huì)如何影響參與者。故選A。.根據(jù)最后一段However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?不過(guò)，我們會(huì)調(diào)整影響的.如果一個(gè)超重的人吃了很多,我會(huì)克制一點(diǎn),因?yàn)槲铱吹搅怂娘嬍沉?xí)慣的結(jié)果。但是如果一個(gè)瘦的人吃得多,我也會(huì)照做。如果他能吃得多,保持苗條,為什么我不能呢?可知我們是以我們?nèi)绾慰创藖?lái)調(diào)整他人對(duì)自己的影響力的。故選C。16.【答案】【小題1】G【小題2】A【小題3】C【小題4】B【小題5】D【解析】1.根據(jù)上文Someindividualsarebornwithagiftforpublicspeaking.有些人天生就有演講的天賦。G選項(xiàng)：然而，大多數(shù)人都是有效的演講者，因?yàn)樗麄兪怯?xùn)練使然。表示轉(zhuǎn)折，下文講述如何成為演講者，故選G。.根據(jù)上文Toooften，whenyoustanduptogiveaspeech，youfocusonthe"public"attheexpenseofthe"speaking．"很多時(shí)候，當(dāng)你站起來(lái)發(fā)表演講時(shí)，你關(guān)注的是"公眾"，而不是"演講"。和下文Focusonthespeaking.專(zhuān)注于演講?？芍昂笫窍喾吹?，A選項(xiàng)：反其道而行之。意思相符，故選A。.根據(jù)上文So,don'tstopspeakingwhenyoumakeamistakeunlessit'satrulyseriousone.所以，當(dāng)你犯了錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，不要停止講話，除非是真正嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)：Youdon'tneedtoapologizeforaminorslip.你不需要為一個(gè)小失誤道歉。承接上文，句式結(jié)構(gòu)也一樣，故選C。.根據(jù)上文Yourgoalisnottobeaperfectpublicspeaker.你的目標(biāo)并不是成為一個(gè)完美的演說(shuō)家。B選項(xiàng)中的effective（有效的）和perfect（完美）相對(duì)，B：你想成為一個(gè)有效的演說(shuō)家。意思相符。故選B。.根據(jù)下文It'sraretohearsomeonesay,"Iwishthatspeakerhadspokenlonger."很少有人會(huì)說(shuō)："我真希望那個(gè)演講者能多說(shuō)幾句話?！笨芍?tīng)眾覺(jué)得說(shuō)的少了好，D選項(xiàng)：說(shuō)到公開(kāi)演講，少既是多。意思相符，故選D。.【答案】【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】C【小題4】D【小題5】A【小題6】B【小題7】B【小題8】D【小題9】C【小題10】B【小題11】C【小題12】A【小題13】B【小題14】D【小題15】D【解析】LA.dream夢(mèng)想；B.job工作；C.home家；D.choice選擇。由下句的"Helearnedthevalueandbeautyofnaturetherefromaveryyoungage.他很小的時(shí)候就懂得了自然的美和價(jià)值?！笨芍芟矚g村莊的濕地，他已經(jīng)把這里當(dāng)作了他第二個(gè)家，故選C。.A.nature自然；B.youth青年；C.culture文化；D.knowledge知識(shí)。根據(jù)"Thevillagelaynearsomewetlands.這個(gè)村莊靠近濕地。"可知濕地是屬于大自然的，所以是懂得了大自然的美，故選A。.A.precious珍貴的；B.interesting有趣的；C.disturbing煩人的；D.awkward尷尬的。根據(jù)下句的"Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.那年早些時(shí)候，一場(chǎng)洪水襲擊了這個(gè)地區(qū)，造成的破壞已經(jīng)趕走了許多鳥(niǎo)。"可知這樣的現(xiàn)象是Molai不想看到的，故選C。.A.waste浪費(fèi)；B.tension緊張；C.pain痛苦；D.damage毀滅；根據(jù)下半句的"causedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.洪水造成了許多鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的遷徙。"可知這場(chǎng)洪水造成了鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的遷徙，所以可以稱(chēng)作是一次毀滅性的事故，故選D。.A.Besides除了；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此;D.Otherwise否則。由下句"thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.蛇的數(shù)量也減少了。"可知上文說(shuō)這場(chǎng)洪水使得鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)遷徙，并且除了這些，蛇的數(shù)量也減少了，故選A。.A.agreed同意；B.realized意識(shí)；C.remembered記??；D.predicted預(yù)測(cè)。由后半句"itwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthem.那是因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹(shù)木來(lái)保護(hù)它們。"可知Molai意識(shí)到這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難的原因是沒(méi)有足夠的樹(shù)木保護(hù)動(dòng)物，故選B。.A.noise噪音；B.heat熱量；C.disease疾??；D.dust灰塵。根據(jù)上文"Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.那年早些時(shí)候，一場(chǎng)洪水襲擊了這個(gè)地區(qū)，造成的破壞已經(jīng)趕走了許多鳥(niǎo)。"可知是由于沒(méi)有足夠的樹(shù)木幫它們抵擋熱量，故選B。.A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴；C.help幫助；D.shelter庇護(hù)所。根據(jù)"itwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthem.那是因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的樹(shù)木來(lái)保護(hù)它們。"可知是讓它們?cè)诎滋鞂ふ冶茈y所，故選D。.A.labor勞工；B.police警察；C.forest森林；D.finance金融。根據(jù)下文的"forhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.去尋求幫助但是被告知在這里不能種植東西。"可知他應(yīng)該是去尋求和種植有關(guān)的部門(mén)，故選C。.A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.left離開(kāi)；D.managed管理。根據(jù)本句的"Molaiwentlookingonhisown.Molai自己去尋找。"和"wherehebegantoplanttrees.他開(kāi)始在那里種樹(shù)。"可知被告知此處無(wú)法種樹(shù)后開(kāi)始自己尋找地方種樹(shù)，所以他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)地方然后在那個(gè)地方自己植樹(shù)造林，故選B。.A.Decorating裝飾；B.Observing觀察；C.Watering澆水；D.Guarding守衛(wèi)。根據(jù)"inthedryseason在干旱的季節(jié)"以及前文"wherehebegantoplanttrees.他開(kāi)始在那里種樹(shù)。"可知他在干旱的季節(jié)時(shí)需要給樹(shù)的幼苗澆水，故選C。.A.tough強(qiáng)硬的、困難的；B.illegal不合法的；C.fantastic奇妙的；D.beneficial有益的。根據(jù)"foraloneboy.對(duì)于一個(gè)孤單的男孩來(lái)說(shuō)，”可知對(duì)于一個(gè)男孩來(lái)說(shuō)在干旱的季節(jié)給每天都給樹(shù)的幼苗澆水是很困難的，故選A。.A.back背部；B.top頂部；C.foot腳部；D.side一旁。根據(jù)下文的"platform（平臺(tái)）"以及"亞卜016heplacedearthenpotswithsmallholestocollectrainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow.他在那里放了一個(gè)帶小洞的陶罐來(lái)收集雨水，然后水就會(huì)滴落在下面的植物上。"可知這個(gè)平臺(tái)應(yīng)該是放在了植物的頂部，然后收集的雨水才能滴落在植物上面，故選B。.A.cooldown冷卻；B.keepoff遠(yuǎn)離；C.purify凈化；D.collect。收集；根據(jù)"Thewaterwouldthendrip（滴落）ontheplantsbelow.然后水就會(huì)滴落在下面的植物上。"可知雨水應(yīng)該是被這個(gè)平臺(tái)收集起來(lái)然后逐漸的滴落到植物上，故選D。.A.returned返回；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)；C.failed失??；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)最后一句"Hiseffortshaveresultedin1，360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.他的努力已使1360英畝的自然生長(zhǎng)的土地成為許多動(dòng)植物的家園。"可知Molai一直堅(jiān)持種樹(shù)，最后使得這片土地成為許多動(dòng)植物的家園，故選D。.【答案】【小題1]wealthy【小題2】or【小題3】formed【小題4】which/that【小題5】arecalled【小題6】is【小題7】themselves【小題8】walking【小題9】accuracy【小題10】for【解析】1.句意：在18世紀(jì)和19世紀(jì)，有錢(qián)人旅行和收集植物，歷史文物和藝術(shù)作品。people是名詞，要用形容詞修飾作定語(yǔ)，故填wealthy.句意：他們把他們的藏品放在家里，直到它變得太大或者它們死掉。untilitgottoobig和untiltheydied之間是選擇關(guān)系，故填or.句意：例如：漢斯?斯隆爵士收集的80000件物品形成了于1759年開(kāi)業(yè)的大英博物館的核心藏品。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in1759,要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填formed.句意：例如：漢斯?斯隆爵士收集的80000件物品形成了于1759年開(kāi)業(yè)的大英博物館的核心藏品。先行詞theBritishMuseum在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞which/that,故填which/that.句意：博物館對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放的部分叫做畫(huà)廊或房間。parts與call之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且表示一般事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)parts是復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式are,故填arecalled.句意：通常，博物館的藏品只有一小部分展出。part與be之間是主謂關(guān)系，且表示一般事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)part是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式is。故填is.句意：游客可以玩電腦模擬和想象自己生活在一個(gè)不同的歷史時(shí)期或者在雨林中漫步。主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)為同一個(gè)人，用反身代詞themselves作賓語(yǔ)，故填themselves.句意：游客可以玩電腦模擬和想象自己生活在一個(gè)不同的歷史時(shí)期或者在雨林中漫步。imagine后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞形式，livingatadifferenttimeinhistory和walkingthrougharainforest產(chǎn)并列的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，故填walking.句意：歷史的準(zhǔn)確性很重要，娛樂(lè)也很重要。句中缺少主語(yǔ)，用名詞作主語(yǔ)。accuracy是不可數(shù)名詞。故填accuracy..句意：博物館必須與其他娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)人們的業(yè)余時(shí)間和金錢(qián)。competefor（為……）爭(zhēng)奪；競(jìng)爭(zhēng),是固定搭配,故填for.37.【答案】 ACross-CountryRunningRaceLastSundaywitnessedanextraordinarycross-countryrunningrace,whichnearlydrewtheattentionofeverystudentandteacherofourschool.Thestudentsselectedfromeveryclasstookpartinthecompetition.Theroutemeasuredfivekilometers,fromourschoolgatetothefootofNanshanMountain.Everyrunnertriedtheirbesttofinishthetask,withtheirclassmatesalongthewaygivingthemnecessarilyhelpaswellasencouragement.Atlast,alltherunnersmanagedtoarrivethefinishline,receivingcheersfromallthedirections.Theactivitywashighlyspokenof,becausenotonlydiditprovidechanceforustoexercise,butalsomadeusmorecohesive.【解析】【思路點(diǎn)撥】這書(shū)面表達(dá)為應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作。本篇要求考生就上周日學(xué)校舉行的5公里越野賽活動(dòng)寫(xiě)一篇新聞報(bào)道。根據(jù)題目要求可判斷,寫(xiě)作時(shí)應(yīng)以一般過(guò)去時(shí)及第三人稱(chēng)為主；同時(shí)注意上下文的銜接,要做到語(yǔ)句通順,語(yǔ)法正確,單詞拼寫(xiě)無(wú)誤；盡量使用自己熟悉的單詞句式,同時(shí)也要注意使用高級(jí)詞匯和高級(jí)句型為文章潤(rùn)色?！玖咙c(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】.drawtheattentionof弓|起 的注意；.takep