2023年考研考博考博英語中南大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫答案

2023年考研考博考博英語中南大學(xué)考試高頻考點(diǎn)參考題庫帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Thespeciousargumentsusedbythe（

）werecertaintodeceivemanypeople.問題1選項(xiàng)A.candidateB.politicianC.theologianD.demagogue2.單選題Someworksofliteratureholdone’sinterestintheverylastpage,butothersservesonlyasa（

）,tobekepthandilyatabedsidetable.問題1選項(xiàng)A.reminderB.referenceC.decorationD.soporific3.單選題Amanwhocannotwinhonorinhisownagewillhaveaverysmallchanceofwinningitfrom（

）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.posterityB.immigrantsC.criticsD.improvisation4.單選題Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavator’sgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatcomesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard,EvenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasL’melekhHandleshavebeenfoundinabundance——morethan4,000examplessofar.Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchaserscouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.ApurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposesItwouldbeunrealistictosuggestthatillegaldiggingwouldstopifartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket.Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown,andthatwasdatedstratigraphicallybytheprofessionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?1.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?2.TheauthormentionstheexcavationinCyprustoemphasizewhichofthefollowingpoints?3.Theauthor’sargumentconcerningtheeffectoftheofficialsaleofduplicateartifactsonillegalexcavationisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?4.Theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposal?5.TheauthorimpliesthatallofthefollowingstatementsaboutduplicateartifactsaretrueEXCEPT（

）.問題1選項(xiàng)A.Museumofficialsrarelyallowscholarsaccesstosuchartifacts.B.Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.C.Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.D.Suchartifacts’oftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.問題2選項(xiàng)A.Ancientlampsandpotteryvesselsarelessvaluable,althoughmorerare,thanroyalsealimpressions.B.Artifactsthatareverysimilartoeachotherpresentcataloguingdifficultiestoarchaeologists.C.Artifactsthatarenotuniquelyvaluable,andthereforecouldbesold,areavailableinlargequantities.D.Cyprusisthemostimportantlocationforunearthinglargequantitiesofsalableartifacts.問題3選項(xiàng)A.Prospectivepurchaserswouldprefertobuyauthenticatedartifacts.B.Thepriceofillegallyexcavatedartifactswouldrise.C.Moneygainedfromsellingauthenticatedartifactscouldbeusedtoinvestigateandprosecuteillegalexcavators.D.Illegalexcavatorswouldbeforcedtosellonlyduplicateartifacts.問題4選項(xiàng)A.Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultandthedemandforthemwillfall.B.Artifactsthatwouldhavebeendisplayedinpublicplaceswillbesoldtoprivatecollectors.C.Illegalexcavatorswillhaveanevenlargersupplyofartifactsforresale.D.Counterfeitingofartifactswillbecomemorecommonplace.問題5選項(xiàng)A.AmarketforsuchartifactsalreadyexistsB.SuchartifactsseldomhavescientificvalueC.Suchartifactsfrequentlyexceedinqualitythosealreadycataloguedinmuseumcollec?tionsD.Museumsarewellsuppliedwithexamplesofsuchartifacts5.單選題Usuallythefirsttospotdatathatwereinconsistentwithotherfindings,inthisparticularexperimentsheletanumberof（

）resultsslipby.問題1選項(xiàng)A.anomalousB.salientC.redundantD.verifiable6.單選題TheFrenchandtheAmericanshaveaverydifferentrelationshiptomoney,（

）andostentation.問題1選項(xiàng)A.obnoxiousB.obfuscateC.optimumD.opulence7.單選題（

）,thefactorieshadnotclosed,andthosewhoneededworkmostweregivenachancetosurviveduringtheeconomicdisaster.問題1選項(xiàng)A.BlithelyB.MercifullyC.GlamorouslyD.Importunately8.單選題Theyareevidencethata（

）ofevolutionaryexperimentationwasgoingonatthetime,outofwhichthehumanlineagesomehowemerged.問題1選項(xiàng)A.fermentB.glamourC.jubilationD.fragment9.單選題Ourbiologicaluniquenessrequiresthattheeffectsofasubstancemustbeverifiedby（

）experiments,evenafterthousandsoftestsoftheeffectsofthatsubstanceonanimals.問題1選項(xiàng)A.evolutionaryB.humanC.randomD.replicated10.寫作題Writeanessayofabout300wordsonthetopic“LearningandStudyingasISeeIt”accordingtotheideagivenbelowandoutlinedinChinese.

求知和探究被古人認(rèn)為是人生中步履荊棘的歷程。王國維先生就有著做學(xué)問的三大境界，其一曰“昨夜西風(fēng)凋碧樹，獨(dú)上高樓，望盡天涯路”；其二曰“衣帶漸寬終不悔，為伊消得人憔悴”；最后才會(huì)“眾里尋他千百度，驀然回首，那人卻在燈火闌珊處”。請(qǐng)結(jié)合自己求學(xué)的經(jīng)歷或體會(huì)，分析你對(duì)這個(gè)命題的理解和看法。11.單選題Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight,shedoesnotallowrespectto（

）hersenseofwhimsywhenpaintingit.問題1選項(xiàng)A.inspireB.provokeC.suppressD.satisfy12.單選題FollowingtheguidelinesforspeakingandvotingestablishedbythebookRobert'sRulesofOrder,（

）duringthemeeting.問題1選項(xiàng)A.andavoidlargedecision-makingorganizations’proceduralcanfusionB.largedecision-makingorganizationsavoidproceduralconfusionC.isproceduralconfusionavoidedbylargedecision-makingorganizationsD.areavoidingproceduralconfusioninlargedecision-makingorganizations13.單選題ThatLouiseNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecausethegreatestresistancetowomenartistshasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture.SinceNeolithictimes,sculpturehasbeenconsideredtheprerogativeofmen,partly,perhaps,forpurelyphysicalreasons;itwaserroneouslyassumedthatwomenwerenotsuitedforthehardmanuallaborrequiredinsculptingstone,carvingwood,orworkinginmetal.Ithasbeenonlyduringthetwentiethcenturythatwomensculptorshavebeenrecognizedasmajorartists,andithasbeenintheUnitedStates,especiallysincethedecadesofthefiftiesandsixties,thatwomensculptorshaveshownthegreatestoriginalityandcreativepower.TheirrisetoprominenceparallelsthedevelopmentofsculptureitselfintheUnitedStates;whiletherehadbeenafewtalentedsculptorsintheUnitedStatesbeforethe1940,itwasonlyafter1945——whenNewYorkwasrapidlybecomingtheartcapitaloftheworld——thatmajorsculpturewasproducedintheUnitedStates.Someofthebestwastheworkofwomen.ByfarthemostoutstandingofthesewomenisLouiseNevelson,whointheeyesofmanycriticsisthemostoriginalfemaleartistalivetoday.Onefamousandinfluentialcritic,HiltonKramer,saidofherwork.“Formyself,IthinkMs.Nevelsonsucceedswherethepaintersoftenfail.”HerworkshavebeencomparedtotheCubistconstructionsofPicasso,theSurrealisticobjectsofMiro,andtheMerzbauofSchwitters.Nevelsonwouldbethefirsttoadmitthatshehasbeeninfluencedbyallofthese,aswellasbyAfricansculpture,andbyNativeAmericanandpre-Columbianart,butshehasabsorbedalltheseinfluencesandstillcreatedadistinctiveartthatexpressestheurbanlandscapeandtheaestheticsensibilityofthetwentiethcentury.Nevelsonsays,“Ihavealwayswantedtoshowtheworldthatartiseverywhere,exceptthatithastopassthroughacreativemind.”Usingmostlydiscardedwoodenobjectslikepackingcrates,brokenpiecesoffurniture,andabandonedarchitecturalornaments,allofwhichshehashoardedforyears,sheassemblesarchitecturalconstructionsofgreatbeautyandpower.Creatingveryfreelywithnosketches,shegluesandnailsobjectstogether,paintsthemblack,ormorerarelywhiteorgold,andplacestheminboxes.Theseassemblages,walls,evenentireenvironmentscreateamysterious,almostawe-inspiringatmosphere.Althoughshehasdeniedanysymbolicorreligiousintentinherworks,theirthree-dimensionalgrandeurandeventheirtitles,suchasSkyCathedralandNightCathedral,suggestsuchconnotations.Insomeways,hermostambitiousworksareclosertoarchitecturethantotraditionalsculpture,blitthenneitherLouiseNevelsonnorherartfitsintoanyneatcategory.1.Thepassagefocusesprimarilyonwhichofthefollowing?2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbyinformationgiveninthepassage?3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorbelieveswhichofthefollowingaboutNevelson’ssculptures?4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutNevelson’ssculpturescanbeinferredfromthepassage?問題1選項(xiàng)A.Ageneraltendencyintwentieth-centuryartB.TheworkofaparticularartistC.TheartisticinfluencesonwomensculptorsD.Criticalresponsestotwentieth-centurysculpture問題2選項(xiàng)A.Priorto1945therewaslittlemajorsculptureproducedbymenorwomensculptorsworkingintheUnitedStates.B.Since1950sculptureproducedintheUnitedStateshasbeenthemostoriginalandcreativesculptureproducedanywhere.C.From1900to1950womensculptorsinEuropeenjoyedmorerecognitionfortheirworkthandidwomensculptorsintheUnitedStates.D.Priorto1945thereweremanywomensculptorswhoseworkwasignoredbycritics.問題3選項(xiàng)A.Theyshowtheinfluenceoftwentieth-centuryarchitecture.B.TheydonothavequalitiescharacteristicofsculptureC.Theyaremysteriousandawe-inspiring,butnotbeautiful.D.Theysuggestreligiousandsymbolicmeanings.問題4選項(xiàng)A.Theyaremeantfordisplayoutdoors.B.Theyareoftenpaintedinseveralcolors.C.Theyaresometimesverylarge.D.Theyarebuiltaroundacentralwoodenobject.14.寫作題Writeanessayofabout250to300wordsonthetopic“ScienceandArts:theIntegrationintheDisciplineResearched"accordingtotheideagivenbelowandoutlineinChinese.

科學(xué)和藝術(shù)是促進(jìn)人類社會(huì)發(fā)展的兩個(gè)翅膀，一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，客觀，深遂而鍥而不舍地探究自然和社會(huì)的內(nèi)在構(gòu)架和發(fā)展路徑，一個(gè)表現(xiàn)華麗，張揚(yáng)，豐富多彩而魅力四射地展示著人們獨(dú)具的感知和想象的夢(mèng)境。兩者各具不同的特點(diǎn)但卻互相關(guān)聯(lián)著，在學(xué)術(shù)研究中，注重科學(xué)活動(dòng)過程的科學(xué)性和藝術(shù)性的這種相輔相成也會(huì)為我們的不同專業(yè)研究帶來絢麗而又實(shí)誠的果實(shí)。請(qǐng)你結(jié)合自己的學(xué)科專業(yè)研究實(shí)際的例證，談?wù)勓芯炕顒?dòng)中科學(xué)性和藝術(shù)性關(guān)系會(huì)對(duì)自己未來發(fā)展的影響作用。1）科學(xué)和藝術(shù)定義及其相輔相成的關(guān)系。2）本專業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)研究中的科學(xué)性和藝術(shù)性相輔相成的特點(diǎn)。3）用實(shí)例說明兩者結(jié)合會(huì)為我的專業(yè)發(fā)展和研究帶來重要的突破和發(fā)展。15.單選題Onestrategyissimplytopersuadepeopletostaylonger,whichprovidesmoretimeforemployerstospotand（

）thebestperformers.問題1選項(xiàng)A.extinguishB.siegeC.seduceD.estimate16.單選題Ragtimeisamusicalformthatsynthesizesfolkmelodiesandmusicaltechniquesintoabriefquadrille-likestructure,designedtobeplayed—exactlyaswritten—onthepiano.AstronganalogyexistsbetweenEuropeancomposerslikeRalphVaughanWilliams,EdvardGrieg,andAntonDvorakwhocombinedfolktunesandtheirownoriginalmaterialsinlargercompositionsandthepioneerragtimecomposersintheUnitedStates.ComposerslikeScottJoplinandlamesScottwereinasensecollectorsormusicologists,collectingdanceandfolkmusicinBlackcommunitiesandconsciouslyshapingitintobriefsuitesoranthologiescalledpianorags.Ithassometimesbeenchargedthatragtimeismechanical.Forinstance,WilfredMellerscomments,“ragsweretransferredtothepianolarolland,evenifnotplayedbyamachine,shouldbeplayedlikeamachine,withmeticulousprecision.”However,thereisnoreasontoassumethatragtimeisinherentlymechanicalsimplybecausecommercialmanufacturersappliedamechanicalrecordingmethodtoragtime,theonlywaytorecordpianosatthatdate.Ragtime’sisnotamechanicalprecision,anditisnotprecisionlimitedtothestyleofperformance.Itarisesfromragtime’sfollowingawell-definedformandobeyingsimpleruleswithinthatform.Theclassicformulaforthepianoragdisposesthreetofivethemesinsixteenth-barstrains,oftenorganizedwithrepeats.Theragopenswithabright,memorablestrainortheme,followedbyasimilartheme,leadingtoatrioofmarkedlyricalcharacter,withthestructureconcludedbyalyricalstrainthatparallelstherhythmicdevelopmentsoftheearlierthemes.Theaimofthestructureistorisefromonethemetoanotherinastair-stepmanner,endingonanoteoftriumphorexhilaration.Typically,eachstrainisdividedintotwo8-barsegmentsthatareessentiallyalike,sotherhythmic-melodicunitofragtimeisonlyeightbarsof2/4measure.Therefore,themesmustbebriefwithclear,sharpmelodicfigures.Notconcernedwithdevelopmentofmusicalthemes,theragtimecomposerinsteadsetsathemedownintact,infinishedform,andlinksittovariousrelatedthemes.Tensioninragtimecompositionsarisesfromapolaritybetweentwobasicingredients:acontinuousbass―calledbyjazzmusiciansaboom-chickbass—inthepianist’slefthand,anditsmelodic,syncopatedcounterpartintherighthand.Ragtimeremainsdistinctfromjazzbothasaninstrumentalstyleandasagenre.Ragtimestylestressesapatternofrepeatedrhythms,nottheconstantinventionsandvariationsofjazz.Asagenre,ragtimerequiresstrictattentiontostructure,notinventivenessorvirtuosity.Itexistsasatradition,asetofconventions,abodyofwrittenscores,separatefromtheindividualplayersassociatedwithit.Inthissenseragtimeismoreakintofolkmusicofthenineteenthcenturythantojazz.1.Accordingtothepassage,eachofthefollowingisacharacteristicofragtimecompositionsthatfollowtheclassicragtimeformulaEXCEPT（

）.2.Theauthorrejectstheargumentthatragtimeisamechanicalmusicbecausethatargument（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheessentialnatureofragtimehasbeenobscuredbycommentariesbasedon（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingismostnearlyanalogousinsourceandartisticcharactertoaragtimecompositionasdescribedinthepassage?問題1選項(xiàng)A.syncopationB.abasslinedistinctfromthemelodiclineC.risingrhythmic-melodicintensityD.fulldevelopmentofmusicalthemes問題2選項(xiàng)A.improperlyidentifiescommercialragtimemusicwiththesubtlerclassicragtimestyle.B.doesnotaccuratelydescribethesoundofragtimepianolamusic.C.confusesthemeansofrecordingandtheessentialcharacterofthemusic.D.exaggeratestheinfluenceoftheperformancestyleofprofessionalragtimeplayersonthereputationofthegenre.問題3選項(xiàng)A.thewayragtimemusicwasfirstrecordedB.themusicalsourcesusedbyScottJoplinandJamesScottC.thedancefashionsthatwerecontemporaryragtimeD.earlyreviewers’accountsofcharacteristicstructure問題4選項(xiàng)A.Symphonicmusicderivedfromcomplexjazzmotifs.B.Anexperimentalnovelbasedonwell-knowncartooncharacters.C.Adramaticproductioninwhichactorsinventscenesandimproviselines.D.Aballetwhosedisciplinedchoreographyisbasedonfolk-dancesteps.17.單選題Beforeabout1960,virtuallyallaccountsofevolutionassumedmostadaptationtobeaproductofselectionatthelevelofpopulations;recentstudiesofevolution,however,havefoundnobasisforthis（

）viewofselection.問題1選項(xiàng)A.controversialB.pervasiveC.unchallengedD.renowned18.單選題Manyartistsbelievethatsuccessfulimitation,farfrombeingsymptomaticofalackof（

）,isthefirststepinlearningtobecreative.問題1選項(xiàng)A.eleganceB.resolutionC.sympathyD.originality19.翻譯題ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

我確信，在這個(gè)世界上有許多令人驚喜的事情，有某種比驚喜深刻得多的東西，某種持久而有意義的東西。那些生活在地球上美和神奇的東西之間的人們，不管他是作為科學(xué)家的成人還是非科學(xué)家的孩子，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)孤單或?qū)ι罡械絽捑耄粺o論他們的個(gè)人生活有什么問題和憂慮，他們的思想都能找到通往內(nèi)心的滿足和對(duì)生活重燃激情的途徑。那些凝視地球之美的人能找到它們終身受用的力量?jī)?chǔ)備。他們看到在鳥類的遷徙中，在潮水的漲落之中，既有著具體的驚奇，更有著深遂的美。在大自然的反反復(fù)復(fù)循壞中，有一種具備無限治愈力的東西，黑暗過去是黎明，冬天過后是春天這一永恒的保障。20.單選題Thesinger’sperformancewassoexcitingthatmanyofhisfanswere（

）enthusiasm.問題1選項(xiàng)A.stirredupwithB.fantasizedwithC.takebackwithD.carriedawaywith第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】C【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)candidate“候選人；應(yīng)試者”；B選項(xiàng)politician“政客；政治家”；C選項(xiàng)theologian“神學(xué)者；空頭理論家”；D選項(xiàng)demagogue“煽動(dòng)者；煽動(dòng)政治家”。句意：······使用的似是而非的論據(jù)肯定會(huì)欺騙許多人。句中提到“似是而非的論據(jù)”，可知正確答案為C“空頭理論家”。2.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。reminder提醒者；reference參考書，參考文獻(xiàn)；decoration裝飾；soporific催眠劑。句意：有些文學(xué)作品自始至終都十分吸引人，但有些文學(xué)作品只起參考書的作用，為了方便查閱而放在床邊小茶幾上。由but及空格后的內(nèi)容可知B項(xiàng)符合句意。3.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)posterity“子孫；后裔”；B選項(xiàng)immigrant“移民”；C選項(xiàng)critics“評(píng)論家；批評(píng)者”；D選項(xiàng)improvisation“即興創(chuàng)作；即席演奏”。句意：一個(gè)在他這個(gè)年齡不能贏得榮譽(yù)的人，從······獲得榮譽(yù)的機(jī)會(huì)很小。前半句提到“他這個(gè)年齡”，因此空格處出詞語應(yīng)與“時(shí)間、年齡相關(guān)”。綜合句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。4.【答案】第1題:D第2題:C第3題:A第4題:B第5題:C【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到倒數(shù)第二段“Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds:asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.甚至沒有足夠的錢來對(duì)這些發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行分類：結(jié)果是，它們?cè)僖舱也坏搅耍兊孟駨奈幢话l(fā)現(xiàn)過一樣難以接近。”可知D項(xiàng)“這些藝術(shù)品經(jīng)常沒有被分類，所以一旦它們被存儲(chǔ)起來就找不到了”正確。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第四段中的“InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard,EvenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasL’melekhHandleshavebeenfoundinabundance——morethan4,000examplessofar.在塞浦路斯的一個(gè)小發(fā)掘中，考古學(xué)家最近在一個(gè)院子里發(fā)現(xiàn)了2000個(gè)幾乎無法分辨的小罐子，甚至還發(fā)現(xiàn)了珍貴的皇家印章印記，被稱為L(zhǎng)'melekh手柄——迄今為止有4000多個(gè)例子?！币约暗谌文┚洹皔oumaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.你可能認(rèn)為您聲稱每個(gè)工件都有潛在的科學(xué)價(jià)值這一觀點(diǎn)是正確的。實(shí)際上，你錯(cuò)了。”可知C項(xiàng)“工藝品不是唯一有價(jià)值的，因此可以出售的工件，可以大量獲得?！狈项}意。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到末段最后一句“Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown當(dāng)另一個(gè)罐子的來源已經(jīng)知道了的時(shí)候，誰會(huì)想要一個(gè)沒有標(biāo)記的罐子?！笨芍?xiàng)A項(xiàng)“潛在的購買者更愿意購買經(jīng)過認(rèn)證的產(chǎn)品。”符合題意。4.推理判斷題由“scientificarchaeologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket科學(xué)考古探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)和政府當(dāng)局在公開市場(chǎng)上出售出土文物。”以及"Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney你可能會(huì)反對(duì)專業(yè)人士挖掘是為了獲取知識(shí)，而不是金錢”，可知作者建議在公開市場(chǎng)上出售出土文物。故B項(xiàng)“本應(yīng)在公共場(chǎng)所展出的文物將出售給私人收藏家?！迸c作者建議相反。5.判斷推理題。AB兩項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容“已經(jīng)有復(fù)制品的市場(chǎng)存在，比如非法交易市場(chǎng)，而且這些復(fù)制品的科學(xué)價(jià)值不是很高?！痹诘诙蔚哪┪埠偷谌蔚拈_頭有提及。C項(xiàng)“這類文物的質(zhì)量常常超過那些已經(jīng)列入博物館收藏目錄的文物”文中沒有提及。5.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。anomalous異常的；不恰當(dāng)?shù)?；不一致的；salient顯著的；跳躍的；redundant多余的；累贅的；verifiable可證實(shí)的；可檢驗(yàn)的。句意：她經(jīng)常最先發(fā)現(xiàn)與其他調(diào)查結(jié)果不一致的數(shù)據(jù)，不過在這個(gè)特殊的試驗(yàn)中她卻讓一些不一致的結(jié)果溜走了。由Usuallythefirsttospotdatathatwereinconsistentwithotherfindings可知A項(xiàng)正確。6.【答案】D【解析】考查形近詞辨析。obnoxious討厭的；obfuscate使模糊；optimum最佳效果；opulence富裕。句意：法國人和美國人在對(duì)待金錢，奢華，以及炫富的關(guān)系上大不相同?？崭裉帒?yīng)填入一個(gè)和money并列的名詞。7.【答案】B【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。blithely愉快地，無憂無慮地；mercifully幸運(yùn)地，寬厚地；glamorously富有魅力地；importunately“纏繞不休地”。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，工廠沒有倒閉，在經(jīng)濟(jì)災(zāi)難中那些最需要工作的人有機(jī)會(huì)生存。由句意可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。8.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞辨析。ferment“發(fā)酵；動(dòng)亂”；glamour“魅力；迷人的美”；jubilation“喜歡；慶祝；歡呼”；fragment“碎片”。句意：它們是那個(gè)動(dòng)亂時(shí)候進(jìn)化實(shí)驗(yàn)蓬勃發(fā)展期的證據(jù)，由于某種未知的原因，人類從中開始出現(xiàn)。Outofwhich中which指代空格處的內(nèi)容，分析題干意思知A項(xiàng)符合。9.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。evolutionary進(jìn)化的，發(fā)展的；human人類的；random任意的，胡亂的；replicated重復(fù)的。句意：我們生物的唯一性要求一種物質(zhì)的效用必須被人類實(shí)驗(yàn)所證明，甚至是在經(jīng)過對(duì)該物質(zhì)在動(dòng)物身上千萬次的試驗(yàn)以后。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)符合題意。10.【答案】略11.【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspire“激發(fā)；鼓舞”；B選項(xiàng)provoke“驅(qū)使；激怒”；C選項(xiàng)suppress“抑制；鎮(zhèn)壓；廢止”；D選項(xiàng)satisfy“滿足；說服”。句意：盡管她認(rèn)為斗牛是一件嚴(yán)肅的事，但在繪畫斗牛時(shí)，她并沒有讓敬意······自己的奇思異想?！熬匆狻迸c“奇思異想”在本句中應(yīng)為“抑制與被抑制”的關(guān)系，才可體現(xiàn)句中的轉(zhuǎn)折含義。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。12.【答案】B【解析】考查主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。題干主語為Followingtheguidelines，其后的forspeakingandvotingestablishedbythebookRobert'sRulesofOrder是后置定語。句意：遵循羅伯特的《議事規(guī)則》這本書里的指導(dǎo)方針，大型決策機(jī)構(gòu)可以避免會(huì)議中的程序混亂。C項(xiàng)意思不符，D項(xiàng)主謂不一致，A項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)，故答案為B。13.【答案】第1題:B第2題:A第3題:D第4題:C【解析】1.主旨大意題。由第一段中第一句“ThatLouiseNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecausethegreatestresistancetowomenartistshasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture.”提出“路易絲?奈維爾森(LouiseNevelson)被許多評(píng)論家認(rèn)為是20世紀(jì)最偉大的女雕刻家”及隨后段落講述“路易絲?奈維爾森的藝術(shù)作品特點(diǎn)，評(píng)論家對(duì)她的評(píng)論等”可知本文主要講一個(gè)特殊的藝術(shù)家的作品。B項(xiàng)符合題意。A項(xiàng)“二十世紀(jì)藝術(shù)的普遍趨勢(shì)”；C項(xiàng)“對(duì)女性雕塑家的藝術(shù)影響”；D項(xiàng)“對(duì)二十世紀(jì)雕塑的批判回應(yīng)”。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位第一段中“...whiletherehadbeenafewtalentedsculptorsintheUnitedStatesbeforethe1940,itwasonlyafter1945——whenNewYorkwasrapidlybecomingtheartcapitaloftheworld—thatmajorsculpturewasproducedintheUnitedStates.Someofthebestwastheworkofwomen.盡管1940年前美國只有很少的有才華的雕刻家，直到1945年,當(dāng)紐約迅速成為世界藝術(shù)之都——主要的雕塑是在美國生產(chǎn)的。其中最好的一些是女性的作品。”可知A項(xiàng)“在1945年之前，美國很少有由男性或女性雕塑家創(chuàng)作的大型雕塑作品?！闭_。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位最后一段中“Althoughshehasdeniedanysymbolicorreligiousintentinherworks,theirthree-dimensionalgrandeurandeventheirtitles,suchasSkyCathedralandNightCathedral,suggestsuchconnotations.盡管她否認(rèn)自己的作品中具有任何象征性的或宗教的意圖，但她作品的三維立體的恢宏氣勢(shì)以及它們的標(biāo)題，如《天庭大教堂》以及《黑夜大教堂》等都暗示了如此的含義?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)“它們暗示著宗教和象征意義”正確。答案D。4.判斷推理題由Creatingveryfreelywithnosketches,shegluesandnailsobjectstogether,paintsthemblack,ormorerarelywhiteorgold,andplacestheminboxes.她非常自由地創(chuàng)作，沒有素描，她把物體粘在一起，釘在一起，把它們涂成黑色，或者很少涂成白色或金色，然后把它們放在盒子里?！笨赏浦狝項(xiàng)“它們是用來在戶外展示的?！奔癇項(xiàng)“它們經(jīng)常被漆成幾種顏色”不正確；D項(xiàng)“它們經(jīng)常圍繞一個(gè)中心的木制物體而被建造”在文中沒有提到；由最后一段中“Theseassemblages,walls,evenentireenvironmentscreateamysterious,almostawe-inspiringatmosphere.這些裝配藝術(shù)品、墻操，甚至整個(gè)的環(huán)境藝術(shù)品營造出一種神秘的、幾乎是引人恐懼的氛圍?！笨赏浦奥芬捉z?奈維爾森(LouiseNevelson)的一些作品有時(shí)是非常大的”，故C項(xiàng)正確。14.【答案】略15.【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。extinguish“熄滅；償清”；siege“圍攻”；seduce“引誘”；estimate“估計(jì)；評(píng)價(jià)”。句意：一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的策略是盡量挽留員工待久點(diǎn)，為雇主提供更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間來發(fā)掘和評(píng)估最優(yōu)秀的員工。由moretimeforemployerstospot可知D項(xiàng)正確。16.【答案】第1題:D第2題:C第3題:A第4題:D【解析】1.判斷推理題。題干問的是根據(jù)這篇文章，除了哪一項(xiàng)外，下面的每一個(gè)都是拉格泰姆作品的一個(gè)特征？題干問的是根據(jù)這篇文章，除了哪一項(xiàng)外，下面的每一個(gè)都是拉格泰姆作品的一個(gè)特征？定位到第四段中Notconcernedwithdevelopmentofmusicalthemes,theragtimecomposerinsteadsetsathemedownintact,infinishedform,andlinksittovariousrelatedthemes.Tensioninragtimecompositionsarisesfromapolaritybetweentwobasicingredients:acontinuousbass―calledbyjazzmusiciansaboom-chickbass~inthepianist’slefthand,anditsmelodic,syncopatedcounterpartintherighthand.拉格泰姆作曲家不關(guān)心音樂主題的發(fā)展，而是完整地、完整地設(shè)定一個(gè)主題，并把它與各種相關(guān)的主題聯(lián)系起來。拉格泰姆樂曲的張力來自于兩種基本元素之間的對(duì)立:鋼琴師左手彈連續(xù)低音(爵士音樂家稱之為“boom-chickbass”)和右手彈有旋律的切分低音?？芍狣項(xiàng)“音樂主題的全面發(fā)展”不是拉格泰姆作曲的特點(diǎn)，故D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“切分音”和B項(xiàng)“與旋律線不同的低音線”，C項(xiàng)“旋律強(qiáng)度不斷上升”這段均有提及。2.判斷推理題。定位到第二段中Ithassometimesbeenchargedthatragtimeismechanical.Forinstance,WilfredMellerscomments,“ragsweretransferredtothepianolarolland,evenifnotplayedbyamachine,shouldbeplayedlikeamachine,withmeticulousprecision.”However,thereisnoreasontoassumethatragtimeisinherentlymechanicalsimplybecausecommercialmanufacturersappliedamechanicalrecordingmethodtoragtime,theonlywaytorecordpianosatthatdate.Ragtime’sisnotamechanicalprecision,anditisnotprecisionlimitedtothestyleofperformance.Itarisesfromragtime’sfollowingawell-definedformandobeyingsimpleruleswithinthatform.有時(shí)有人指責(zé)拉格泰姆是機(jī)械的。例如，威爾弗雷德?米勒斯評(píng)論道，“拉格泰姆被轉(zhuǎn)移到自動(dòng)鋼琴上，即使不是機(jī)器演奏，也應(yīng)該像機(jī)器演奏一樣具有細(xì)致的精確度。”然而，我們沒有理由僅僅因?yàn)樯虡I(yè)制造者對(duì)拉格泰姆音樂使用了機(jī)械錄音的方法（這是當(dāng)時(shí)記錄鋼琴演奏的唯一方法）就認(rèn)為拉格泰姆本身就是機(jī)械的。拉格泰姆音樂不是機(jī)械的精度，也不局限于精度的表現(xiàn)風(fēng)格。它源于拉格泰姆遵循的一種定義明確的形式，并在該形式中遵循簡(jiǎn)單的規(guī)則?？芍狢項(xiàng)“混淆了錄音的手段和音樂的本質(zhì)特征”正確。D項(xiàng)“夸大了專業(yè)的拉格泰姆音樂演奏者表演風(fēng)格對(duì)這種音樂流派的影響”，A項(xiàng)“錯(cuò)誤地將商業(yè)拉格泰姆音樂與更微妙的古典拉格泰姆風(fēng)格區(qū)分開來”；B項(xiàng)“沒有準(zhǔn)確地描述拉格泰姆鋼琴音樂的聲音”；文中均未提及，故答案C3.判斷推理題。題干問：從文中可推斷出拉格泰姆音樂的本質(zhì)被基于什么基礎(chǔ)上的評(píng)論所遮蔽？定位到第二段中“However,thereisnoreasontoassumethatragtimeisinherentlymechanicalsimplybecausecommercialmanufacturersappliedamechanicalrecordingmethodtoragtime,theonlywaytorecordpianosatthatdate.然而，沒有理由僅僅因?yàn)樯虡I(yè)制造商對(duì)拉格泰姆使用了一種機(jī)械錄音方法，就認(rèn)為拉格泰姆本身就是機(jī)械的，這是當(dāng)時(shí)唯一一種錄制鋼琴的方法?！笨芍捎诶裉┠酚昧艘环N機(jī)械錄音法，故A項(xiàng)正確。4.判斷推理題。題干問：下列哪一項(xiàng)在來源和藝術(shù)特征上與文中描述的拉格泰姆樂曲最為相似?A項(xiàng)“從復(fù)雜的爵士主題中衍生出來的交響樂。”；B項(xiàng)“一部以著名卡通人物為原型的實(shí)驗(yàn)性小說”；C項(xiàng)“演員們創(chuàng)造場(chǎng)景并即興創(chuàng)作臺(tái)詞的一種戲劇作品”；D項(xiàng)“以民間舞蹈為基礎(chǔ)的有紀(jì)律的舞蹈編排的芭蕾舞”。定位到第三段中“Theaimofthestructureistorisefromonethemetoanotherinastair-stepmanner拉格泰姆結(jié)構(gòu)的目的是要以階梯狀的方式從一個(gè)主題上升到另一個(gè)主題······與最后一段中“Inthissenseragtimeismoreakintofolkmusicofthenineteenthcenturythantojazz.從這個(gè)意義上說，拉格泰姆音樂更像是十九世紀(jì)的民間音樂，而不是爵士樂。由此對(duì)應(yīng)可推知有“folk-dancesteps民間舞蹈步伐”的D項(xiàng)正確。17.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)controversial“有爭(zhēng)議的”；B選項(xiàng)pervasive“普遍的；到處滲透的”；C選項(xiàng)unchallenged“不成問題的；未引起爭(zhēng)論的”；D選項(xiàng)renowned“著名的；有聲望的”。句意：大約在1960年以前，幾乎所有的進(jìn)化理論都認(rèn)為適應(yīng)性是種群水平上的選擇的結(jié)果；然而，對(duì)于這種······的選擇觀點(diǎn)，進(jìn)化論的最新研究卻沒有找到任何依據(jù)。前部分提到“幾乎所有進(jìn)化理論都認(rèn)為······”，可知這種觀點(diǎn)是“普遍的”，B選項(xiàng)正確。18.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)elegance“典雅；高雅”；B選項(xiàng)resolution“分辨率；解決；決心”；C選項(xiàng)sympathy“同情；贊同”；D選項(xiàng)originality“創(chuàng)意；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；原始”。句意：許多藝術(shù)家認(rèn)為，成功的模仿遠(yuǎn)不是缺乏······的表現(xiàn)，而是學(xué)會(huì)創(chuàng)造的第一步。句中出現(xiàn)的“模仿”、“學(xué)會(huì)創(chuàng)造”表明，此處應(yīng)表示“模仿成功不是缺乏創(chuàng)造力的表現(xiàn)”。D選項(xiàng)正確。19.【答案】Iamsurethattherearemanysurprisesinthisworld,somethingmuchdeeperthansurprise,somethinglastingandmeaningful.Thosewholivebetweenthebeautyandthewonderoftheearth,whetherasascientistorasachildofanon-scientist,areneveraloneorboredwithlife;Nomatterwhatproblemsorconcernstheyhaveintheirpersonallives,theirthoughtsfindtheirwaytoinnersatisfactionandrenewedpassionforlife.Thosewhogazeatthebeautyoftheearthfindreservesofpowerthatwilllastthemalifetime.Theysawinthemigrationofbirds,intheebbandflowofthetides,aconcretewonderandaprofoundbeauty.Inthecycleofnature,thereissomethinginfinitelyhealing.Darknessisthedawnofthepast,andwinteristheeternalguaranteeofspring.20.【答案】D【解析】考查固定搭配。carryawaywith表示“使失去自制力”。句意：這位歌手的表演是如此令人興奮，以至于很多他的粉絲狂熱而失去了自制力。D項(xiàng)符合題意。fantasize幻想、想象；stirup煽動(dòng)；takeback帶回。第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題TheFirstWorldWarbeganinacontextofjargonandverbaldelicacyandcontinuedinacloudofeuphemismas（

）aslanguageandliterature,skillfullyused,couldmakeit.問題1選項(xiàng)A.enthrallingB.impenetrableC.lucidD.deliberate2.單選題Asseriousassheisaboutthebullfight,shedoesnotallowrespectto（

）hersenseofwhimsywhenpaintingit.問題1選項(xiàng)A.suppressB.inspireC.satisfyD.provoke3.單選題Whengiving