2022-2023學年山東省煙臺市高一下學期期末學業(yè)水平診斷英語試題（原卷版+解析版無聽力音頻無聽力原文）

第第頁2022-2023學年山東省煙臺市高一下學期期末學業(yè)水平診斷英語試題（原卷版+解析版，無聽力音頻無聽力原文）2022-2023學年度第二學期期末學業(yè)水平診斷

高一英語

注意事項：

1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號，回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。

3.考試結束后，只交答題卡。

第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

做題時，請先將答案劃在試卷上，該部分錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將你的答案轉涂到客觀題答題卡上。

第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatisthemandoing

A.Borrowingbooks.B.Returningbooks.C.Payingafine.

2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A.Ahospital.B.Apieceofnews.C.Ababy.

3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Motherandson.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Brotherandsister.

4.Whereprobablyarethespeakers

A.Athome.B.Inahotel.C.Inaclothingshop.

5.WhatdoesthemanaskHelentodo

A.Lendhimhernotes.B.Giveahistorylecture.C.Takecareofherbrother.

第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Howsoonwillthemanbehomeattheearliest

A.In30minutes.B.In40minutes.C.In50minutes.

7.Whatdoesthemanplantodofirstaftergettinghome

A.Havedinner.B.Takeashower.C.Dophysicalactivities.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8Howmuchshouldthewomanpaynow

A.$200.B.$400.C.$800.

9.Howdoesthewomanbooktheroom

A.Overthephone.B.Inperson.C.OntheInternet.

10.Whatdoesthewomanfinallytelltheman

A.Herarrivaldate.B.Heremailaddress.C.Herroompreference.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.WhatisJason’sfavoritemusic

A.Classicalmusic.B.Countrymusic.C.Popmusic.

12.Whoprobablyisthewoman

A.Astudent.B.Asinger.C.Amusician.

13.HowdoesJasonfeelaboutgoingtoaconcertintheend

A.Curious.B.Excited.C.Bored.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Whendoesthewomangetupeveryday

A.At6:00a.m.B.At8:00a.m.C.At8:30a.m.

15.Withwhomdoesthewomanhavebreakfast

A.Herhusband.B.Herparents.C.Herchildren.

16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman

A.Heseldomhasbreakfast.B.Hedrinksteaeverymorning.C.Hegetsupatthesametimeeveryday.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhendoesEarthHourtakeplaceeveryyear

A.InearlyMarch.B.Inmid-March.C.AttheendofMarch.

18.WheredidEarthHouroriginatefrom

A.Malaysia.B.France.C.Australia.

19.WhatisthefinalpurposeofEarthHour

A.Tosavepowerquickly.B.Toenjoysustainablelives.C.Todealwithlightpollution.

20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestpeopledotoprotectnature

A.Stophuntingwildanimals.B.Choosepublictransportation.C.Usehigh-energyelectricaldevices.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

WithsomuchhistorypackedinWashington,D.C.—theUnitedStatescapitalcity,youcanlearnaboutthebirthofthenationandmanynotablepeoplewhohelpedshapeittowhatitistoday.Let’senjoyfourofitslandmarksforanunforgettablegetaway.

WashingtonMonument(紀念碑)

TheWashingtonMonumentwasbuiltin1884tohonorthefirstpresidentoftheUnitedStates.Atthebase,therearefiftyAmericanflagsthatflyinacirclesurroundingthemonument.Youcanalsogetticketstoridealifttothetopofthemonumentandlookoutatthehistoricalcityfromabove!

LincolnMemorial(紀念館)

Amainstoponeveryone’striptoD.C.isastopattheLincolnMemorial.Thememorialwasbuilttohonorthe16thpresidentoftheUnitedStates,AbrahamLincoln.ThememorialfinishedRomanesqueconstructionin1920andhasbeenamajortouristattractioneversince.Itisopen24hoursaday.

JeffersonMemorial

Completedin1947,theJeffersonMemorialhonorsandmemorializesthethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson.Thebuildingfeaturesmarblestepsandashallowroundroofwitha19-footsculptureofPresidentThomasJeffersoninthecenter.

WhiteHouse

KnownastheworkplaceforthepresidentoftheUnitedStatessince1800,theWhiteHousefeaturesbeautifularchitecture(建筑)withRomanstyleinfluences.Manytouriststotheareawalkalongitsoutsidegates,hopingtoseethepresentpresident.

1.WherecantouristsenjoyabirdviewofthecapitalcityofAmerica

A.AttheWashingtonMonument.B.AttheLincolnMemorial.

C.AttheJeffersonMemorial.D.AttheWhiteHouse.

2.WhatdotheLincolnMemorialandtheWhiteHousehaveincommon

A.Theyhonorfamousfiguresinhistory.B.Theyhavethesamearchitecturalstyle.

C.Theyareopentovisitorsthewholeday.D.Theyofferinteractionwiththepresident.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext

A.Tointroduceatravelplan.B.TorecalltheAmericanhistory.

C.Torecommendexcellentexhibits.D.Todrawvisitorstotheattractions.

【答案】1.A2.B3.D

【解析】

【導語】本文為一篇應用文。本文介紹了華盛頓的四個與總統(tǒng)有關的地標。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據WashingtonMonument(紀念碑)的最后一句“Youcanalsogetticketstoridealifttothetopofthemonumentandlookoutatthehistoricalcityfromabove!(你也可以買票乘坐電梯到紀念碑的頂部，從上面俯瞰這座歷史悠久的城市！)”可知，游客在華盛頓紀念碑的頂部可以鳥瞰米國首都。故選A項。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據LincolnMemorial(紀念館)的“ThememorialfinishedRomanesqueconstructionin1920andhasbeenamajortouristattractioneversince.(紀念碑于1920年完成羅馬式建筑，自那以后一直是一個主要的旅游景點)”，WhiteHouse的“KnownastheworkplaceforthepresidentoftheUnitedStatessince1800,theWhiteHousefeaturesbeautifularchitecture(建筑)withRomanstyleinfluences.(自1800年以來，白宮就被稱為米國總統(tǒng)的辦公場所，其特色是受羅馬風格影響的美麗建筑)”可知，林肯紀念館與白宮的共同之處，它們有著相同的建筑風格，都是羅馬式的建筑風格。故選B項。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據第一段“WithsomuchhistorypackedinWashington,D.C.—theUnitedStatescapitalcity,youcanlearnaboutthebirthofthenationandmanynotablepeoplewhohelpedshapeittowhatitistoday.Let’senjoyfourofitslandmarksforanunforgettablegetaway.(在米國首都華盛頓，你可以了解到如此多的歷史，以及許多幫助塑造了今天這個國家的著名人物。讓我們一起欣賞它的四個地標，度過一個難忘的假期)”可知，本文介紹了華盛頓的四個與總統(tǒng)有關的地標，文章的目的是吸引游客到這四個旅游勝地。故選D項。

B

Bornin1887inaRussian-Jewishtown,Chagallstartedpaintingattheageof19.DisappointedwiththecolorsoftraditionalRussianart,helovedtopaintwithstrongblues,redsandyellows.

Soin1911,hemovedtoParis,France,whereartistsfromaroundtheworldwerecreatingnovelartformsandheacquiredfreshwaysofpaintingeagerly.Hestayedtruetohischildhoodmemories.Whileotherschosemodernsubjects,hepaintedscenesoffantasybasedonanolder,farmer-likewayoflife.Bluedogs,yellowskiesandredtreeswereallcreationsofhisimagination.

Chagallwentthroughtwoworldwarsandpersonalsufferings.In1941,becausehisfamilywereJewish,theChagallshadtoleaveFrancetoescapetheNazisduringWorldWarⅡ.In1944cameanotherblow.Chagall’sbelovedwifeBelladiedofanillness.Despitethehardships,hispassionforpaintingneverfaded.Inthe1950s,hereturnedtoFranceandcontinuedtomakehisdreamlikepaintings.

Oneday,duringawalkinavillage,hediscovereda700-year-oldchurch(教堂),wherehesawastained-glass(彩色玻璃)windowthatcontainedagreenhorse.ItlookedasifChagallmighthavecreatedithimself.Herewasasuresign,hethought,thatheshouldcreatehisownstained-glasswindows.

ThenChagalldevotedallhisenergyandtimetothework.Asweknow,manystained-glasswindowsaremadeofflatcolors,butChagallusedvarioustechniquestocreatetheeffectshewanted.Hemadeflexibleuseofbrightcolors,puttinglightintotheworks.Hepaintedimagesonglass,thenhadthemfiredtohightemperatures,makingthelinesandcolorspartoftheglass.

Chagallcreatedthestained-glasswindowsforchurchesandotherbuildingsaroundtheworlduntilhisdeathin1985.Hegavethemasgiftstotheworldandoftenrefusedpayment.Today,peoplearestillamazedathowhisstained-glasscreationsshineandchangewiththesun.

4.WhydidChagallchoosetogotoParis

A.Tolearnnewpaintingskills.B.Topublicizehisnewideasaboutart.

C.Toexperiencethecolorfullocallife.D.Toparticipateinmodernartexhibitions.

5.WhatledChagalltodesignstained-glasswindows

A.Desiretoletinmoresunlight.B.Intentiontoimprovethequalityofglass.

C.Encouragementfromsomefamousartists.D.Inspirationfromanancientchurchwindow.

6.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout

A.Chagall’sworkingattitude.B.TheimagesChagallcreated.

C.Chagall’sartisticexperiences.D.ThefeaturesofChagall’sworks.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeChagallasanartist

A.Imaginativeandhonest.B.Generousandeasy-going.

C.Creativeandstrong-willed.D.Energeticandtraditional.

【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了藝術家Chagall創(chuàng)造自己的彩色玻璃窗的經過。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Soin1911,hemovedtoParis,France,whereartistsfromaroundtheworldwerecreatingnovelartformsandheacquiredfreshwaysofpaintingeagerly.(所以在1911年，他搬到了法國巴黎，在那里，世界各地的藝術家都在創(chuàng)造新的藝術形式，他渴望獲得新的繪畫方式)”可知，夏加爾去巴黎是為了學習新的繪畫技巧。故選A。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“Oneday,duringawalkinavillage,hediscovereda700-year-oldchurch(教堂),wherehesawastained-glass(彩色玻璃)windowthatcontainedagreenhorse.ItlookedasifChagallmighthavecreatedithimself.Herewasasuresign,hethought,thatheshouldcreatehisownstained-glasswindows.(有一天，在一個村莊散步時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座有700年歷史的教堂，在那里他看到了一個彩色玻璃的窗戶，上面有一匹綠馬?？雌饋砗孟袷窍募訝栕约簞?chuàng)作的。他認為，這是一個明確的跡象，表明他應該制造自己的彩色玻璃窗)”可知，來自古老教堂窗戶的靈感促使夏加爾設計彩色玻璃窗。故選D。

【6題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據第五段“ThenChagalldevotedallhisenergyandtimetothework.Asweknow,manystained-glasswindowsaremadeofflatcolors,butChagallusedvarioustechniquestocreatetheeffectshewanted.Hemadeflexibleuseofbrightcolors,puttinglightintotheworks.Hepaintedimagesonglass,thenhadthemfiredtohightemperatures,makingthelinesandcolorspartoftheglass.(然后夏加爾把他所有的精力和時間都投入到工作中。正如我們所知，許多彩色玻璃窗是由平面顏色制成的，但夏加爾使用了各種技術來創(chuàng)造他想要的效果。他靈活地運用鮮艷的色彩，給作品注入了光。他在玻璃上作畫，然后將其高溫燒制，使線條和顏色成為玻璃的一部分)”可知，第5段主要講了夏加爾作品的特點。故選D。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段“ThenChagalldevotedallhisenergyandtimetothework.Asweknow,manystained-glasswindowsaremadeofflatcolors,butChagallusedvarioustechniquestocreatetheeffectshewanted.(然后夏加爾把他所有的精力和時間都投入到工作中。正如我們所知，許多彩色玻璃窗是由平面顏色制成的，但夏加爾使用了各種技術來創(chuàng)造他想要的效果)”；最后一段“Chagallcreatedthestained-glasswindowsforchurchesandotherbuildingsaroundtheworlduntilhisdeathin1985.(夏加爾為世界各地的教堂和其他建筑設計了彩色玻璃窗，直到1985年去世)”可推知，夏加爾有創(chuàng)造力，意志堅強。故選C。

C

Sharksareamongthebestswimmersontheplanet,butanewresearchsuggeststhateventheysometimes“holdtheirbreath”whiledivingdeepunderwater.Thereasonisthatsharksarecold-bloodedandtheirbodytemperaturematchesthewaterstheyswimin.Tododeepdives,theymustmaintainbodyheat,andthebestwaytodothatistoclosetheirgills(鰓).

Royer,aleadingresearcherattheUniversityofHawaii,setouttostudythedivinghabitsofhammerheadssharks.They’reknownforswimminginwarmercoastalwaters,butearlierstudiesshowedtheycanalsodivetoover800metersbelowthesurface.Atthosecolddepths,thewatertemperaturefallstoaslowas5℃.

Forthesesharks,thefallintemperatureisamatteroflifeanddeath.Becauseasharkcan’tproduceitsownbodyheat,itbeginstofreezethedeeperitgoes.Itsmuscles,eyesandbrainbecomesluggish(遲鈍).Ifitgetstoocold,itcan’tswim.Andifitstopsswimming,waterdoesn’tgoacrossitsgills.Itcan’tbreatheandwilleventuallydrown(溺亡).

HowisitthathammerheadsareabletogodownintothesedeepdepthsandsurviveTofindout,Royerandhiscolleaguescaughtthefishandattachedanelectronicsensortoeachshark.Thesensorwouldreleaseitselffromtheshark’sbodyafterseveralweeks.Thedatatheyfoundamazedthem:Thesharksdived,spentjustafewminutesatdepthsandthentheyshottowardsthesurface.Theyclosedtheirgillsandkeptwateroutoftheirgillssothattheirbodywouldn’tcooldown.

“Unlikeanimalswithlungs,thesharksdon’treturntothesurfacetobreathe.Instead,theysimplygotoadepthwhereit’swarmenoughforthemtofeelcomfortableandreopentheirgills.Hammerheadsareprobablynottheonlyspeciesdoingso.Ourworkisanotherexampleofhownewelectronicsensorshelptoexplaintheextraordinaryabilityoftheseanimalsacross400millionyearsofchangingoceanenvironments,”Royersaid.

8.Whatdoesthenewresearchfocusonconcerningthesharks

A.Theirhuntinghabits.B.Theirbasictypes.

C.Theirspecialbehaviors.D.Theirbodystructures.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph1referto

A.Keepingbodyheat.B.Holdingtheirbreath.

C.Swimmingonthesurface.D.Divingdeepinthesea.

10.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusabouthammerheadssharks

A.Howtheirgillsworkinthesea.

B.Howthetemperaturedropaffectsthem.

C.Whytheycansurvivetheterribleenvironment.

D.Whytheycanprotectthemselvesfromthecold.

11.WhatcanweknowfromRoyer’swords

A.Hammerheadsdependontheirlungstobreathe.

B.Thedivingstrategymaynotbeuniquetohammerheads.

C.It’shardforhammerheadstoadapttothecoldconditions.

D.It’scommonforhammerheadstostaylongatgreatdepths.

【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.B

【解析】

【導語】本文為一篇說明文。有新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：水溫的下降對于鯊魚來說是生死攸關的問題，鯊魚在深海潛水時，為了保持體溫，會關閉它們的鰓，“屏住呼吸”，在深處只呆了幾分鐘，然后就沖向一個足夠溫暖的深度，然后重新打開它們的鰓自由呼吸。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Sharksareamongthebestswimmersontheplanet,butanewresearchsuggeststhateventheysometimes‘holdtheirbreath’whiledivingdeepunderwater.(鯊魚是地球上最好的游泳者之一，但一項新的研究表明，即使是鯊魚，在深海潛水時有時也會‘屏住呼吸’。)”，以及第四段“HowisitthathammerheadsareabletogodownintothesedeepdepthsandsurviveTofindout,Royerandhiscolleaguescaughtthefishandattachedanelectronicsensortoeachshark.(雙髻鯊是如何下潛到這么深的地方并存活下來的呢？為了找到答案，羅耶和他的同事們抓住了這些魚，并在每條鯊魚身上安裝了一個電子傳感器。)”可知，研究的結果是：鯊魚在深海潛水時有時也會‘屏住呼吸’，所以研究的重點是研究這些鯊魚在深海區(qū)存活下來的有什么特殊的行為。故選C項。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據第一段“Thereasonisthatsharksarecold-bloodedandtheirbodytemperaturematchesthewaterstheyswimin.Tododeepdives,theymustmaintainbodyheat,andthebestwaytodothatistoclosetheirgills(腮).(原因是鯊魚是冷血動物，它們的體溫與它們所游的水域相匹配。為了進行深海潛水，它們必須保持體溫，最好的方法就是合上鰓)”，以及第四段“Theyclosedtheirgillsandkeptwateroutoftheirgillssothattheirbodywouldn’tcooldown.(它們合上魚鰓，不讓水進入魚鰓，這樣身體就不會降溫。)”可知，that指代上文maintainbodyheat，要保持體溫，就要合上鰓屏住呼吸，與A項“Keepingbodyheat”意思相同，故選A項。

【10題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據第三段“Forthesesharks,thefallintemperatureisamatteroflifeanddeath.Becauseasharkcan’tproduceitsownbodyheat,itbeginstofreezethedeeperitgoes.Itsmuscles,eyesandbrainbecomesluggish(遲鈍).Ifitgetstoocold,itcan’tswim.Andifitstopsswimming,waterdoesn’tgoacrossitsgills.Itcan’tbreatheandwilleventuallydrown(溺亡).(對這些鯊魚來說，溫度的下降是生死攸關的問題。因為鯊魚不能產生自己的體溫，所以游得越深，身體就會開始結冰。它的肌肉、眼睛和大腦變得遲鈍。如果太冷，它就不會游泳。如果它停止游泳，水就不會流過它的鰓。它不能呼吸，最終會淹死。)”可知，海洋深處水溫下降對鯊魚來說生死攸關，第三段主要講述水溫下降對鯊魚的影響。故選B項。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Unlikeanimalswithlungs,thesharksdon’treturntothesurfacetobreathe.Instead,theysimplygotoadepthwhereit’swarmenoughforthemtofeelcomfortableandreopentheirgills.Hammerheadsareprobablynottheonlyspeciesdoingso.(與有肺的動物不同，鯊魚不會回到水面呼吸。相反，它們只是去到一個足夠溫暖的深度，讓它們感到舒適，然后重新打開它們的鰓。錘頭鯊可能不是唯一這樣做的物種。)”可知，羅耶的意思為：‘屏住呼吸’的鯊魚不會到水面上來呼吸，而是上到一個足夠溫暖的深度，就可以重新打開它們的鰓自由呼吸了，這種潛水策略可能并不是雙髻鯊獨有的，即其他一些海洋生物可能也有這個潛水策略。故選B項。

D

Scientistshavecreatedanewtoolthatcanturnpeople’sthoughtsintowords.ItworksbyusinganArtificialIntelligence(AI)programtotranslatebrainactivityintowords.Thescientistssaytheprogramcouldhelppeoplewhocannotspeakbecauseofdamagetothebrain.

AlexanderHuth,ateamleaderofthescientists,says,“We’reengagedinthestudyandarelookingforwardtothebenefitsthestudycanbringtopeople.”

Thestudyinvolvestwomainparts.Thefirstisascanner(掃描儀)thatallowsthescientiststorecordbrainactivity.ThesecondisanAIsystemthattheresearcherstraintoturnvideosofbrainactivityintowords.

Torecordbrainactivitywithoutsurgery(外科手術),AlexanderandhisteamusedabigmachinecalledFMRI,whichusesstrongradiowavestocreatepicturesshowingwhichpartsofthebrainareactive.FMRIcanrecordtheactivityofthebrainasithappens.Totranslatetheserecordingsintowords,theyusedanAItoolcalled“GPT-1”.Itguesseswhichwordismostlikelytocomenext,basedonthefactsanddetailsthatcamebefore.

TheresearchersfirsttrainedGPT-1onlotsofstoriespeoplehadtoldabouttheirlives.Next,theytrainedittomakeconnectionsbetweenbrainscansandspokenwords.ThenatestwasdoneonthreehumanvolunteerstoseewhethertheAItoolreallyworked.EachpersonspentsixteenhoursinFMRIlisteningtostories.Thepeopleimaginedthestoriesastheyheardthem,andFMRIrecordedtheirbrainactivity.GPT-1thenusedtheserecordingsofbrainactivitytomakeconnectionsbetweenthewordsandideasinthestoriesandthebrainactivityofthelisteners.

AlexanderfoundthewordsGPT-1guessedwereverysimilartothewordsinthestorythatthepeoplewerelisteningto.Althoughthewordsweren’texactlythesame,theyoftencarriedthesamemeaning.

AlexandersaysthatGPT-IisthefirstAIprogramtotumwhatpeoplearethinkingintowordswithoutbrainsurgery.Theprogramisn’tsomethingthatcanbeeasilyusedtoday,mainlybecauseofthesizeandcostofFMRI.

12.WhoistheAIprogramtargetedat

A.Healthexpertsstudyinghumanbrains.B.Volunteersperformingmedicalservice.

C.Doctorsinneedofadvancedequipment.D.Speech-disabledpatientswithbraininjury.

13.OnwhatbasisdoesGPT-1translatebrainactivityintowords

A.Previouslygainedinformation.B.Processedradiowaves.

C.Instructionsfromthescientists.D.Videosofbrainsurgery.

14.Forwhatpurposewasthetestcarriedout

A.ToimprovethefunctionofFMRI.B.Toconfirmtheweaknessesofthescanner.

C.TochecktheeffectivenessoftheAIsystem.D.Tomeasurethevolunteers’memoryabilities.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext

A.FMRI:APowerfulDevicetoCureBrainIllness.

B.FMRIHasBeenUsedandWonPublicRecognition.

C.ScientistsAreTrainingAItoReadHumanThoughts.

D.Alexander:AnExpertDevotedtoDevelopingAILanguage.

【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C

【解析】

【導語】本文為一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了某科學家團隊正在研究的一個目標受眾為腦損傷的語言障礙患者的新工具“GPT-1”，它能將大腦活動轉化為文字。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段最后一句“Thescientistssaytheprogramcouldhelppeoplewhocannotspeakbecauseofdamagetothebrain.(科學家們表示，該項目可以幫助那些因大腦受損而無法說話的人)”可知，這個人工智能項目的目標受眾為腦損傷的語言障礙患者。故選D項。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“FMRIcanrecordtheactivityofthebrainasithappens.Totranslatetheserecordingsintowords,theyusedanAItoolcalled‘GPT-1’.Itguesseswhichwordismostlikelytocomenext,basedonthefactsanddetailsthatcamebefore.(功能磁共振成像可以記錄大腦的活動。為了將這些記錄翻譯成文字，他們使用了一種名為‘GPT-1’的人工智能工具。它會根據之前的事實和細節(jié)猜測下一個最有可能出現(xiàn)的單詞)”可知，根據之前獲得的事實和細節(jié)，GPT-1將大腦活動轉化為文字。故選A項。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段“TheresearchersfirsttrainedGPT-1onlotsofstoriespeoplehadtoldabouttheirlives.Next,theytrainedittomakeconnectionsbetweenbrainscansandspokenwords.ThenatestwasdoneonthreehumanvolunteerstoseewhethertheAItoolreallyworked.(研究人員首先根據人們講述的許多關于他們生活的故事來訓練GPT-1。接下來，他們訓練它在腦部掃描和口語之間建立聯(lián)系。然后對三名人類志愿者進行了測試，看看人工智能工具是否真的有效)”可知，測試的目的是檢驗人工智能工具是否真的有效。故選C項。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Scientistshavecreatedanewtoolthatcanturnpeople’sthoughtsintowords.ItworksbyusinganArtificialIntelligence(AI)programtotranslatebrainactivityintowords.(科學家發(fā)明了一種新工具，可以將人們的想法轉化為語言。它的工作原理是使用人工智能程序將大腦活動轉化為文字)”可知，文章介紹了一個使用人工智能程序將大腦活動轉化為文字的新工具，ScientistsAreTrainingAItoReadHumanThoughts適合作文章的標題，故選C項。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

TurnFOMOintoJOMO

It’sweekend.Youfriendsarethrowingapartywhileyoustayin.Thensuddenlyyoubegintoimaginethefunyourfriendsarehavinginyourabsence.____16____Youcan’thelpturningtosocialmediatofindout.Ifso,chancesarethatyouaresufferingFOMO—thefearofmissingout.Youhaveagreatdesiretostayconnectedwithwhatothersaredoing.

____17____Theydon’tfeeltheneedtoattendeverything.Instead,theyfindcomfortinstickingtotheirownplans.Theyfocusnotonwhattheylackbutonwhattheyhave.RatherthanfeelingFOMO,suchpeopleenjoyJOMO—thejoyofmissingout.JOMOistheemotionallyintelligentsolutiontoFOMO.Anditisthesecrettofindinghappiness.ThenhowcanweturnFOMOintoJOMO

Enjoyyourowncompany(陪伴).____18____Itmeansabandoning(放棄)theneedtocatchup,keepupandmeasureupinexchangeforachancetoengageinyourownlife.Watchingmovies,gettingaworkoutortakingupanewhobbyareallfunwaystospendyourtime.

Keepajournal.Ifyoualwayspostthefunthingsyoudoonsocialmedia,youmayfindyourselfcaringtoomuchaboutwhetherpeoplearevalidating(確認)yourexperiencesonline.Tomakeachange,youmightaswellkeepapersonaljournalonpaper.____19____Andthiscanalsohelpkeepyoursecretstoyourself.

Switchoff.Weusuallykeepourdevicesonincasesomeoneneedstoreachus.Butwhenyourmindsarealwaysonyourphone,yousimplycannotbepresent.Youareverylikelytobedistractedandunawareofwhatmatterstoyou.Sotrytoreduceyourscreentimeandliveinthemoment.____20____

A.Butsomepeoplefeeltheopposite.

B.FOMOsignalsalackofengagement.

C.Andyourinitialcalmturnsintoanxiety.

D.JOMOistheenjoymentoftimespentalone.

E.Youwillfindyouareactuallynotmissingoutonanything.

F.Feelingleftoutindicateswewanttoincreaseoursenseofbelonging.

G.Thusyoucanturnyourfocusfrompublicattentiontoprivateappreciation.

【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.G20.E

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了FOMO（恐懼錯失）和JOMO（享受錯失）兩種不同的感受方式，并提供了把FOMO轉變?yōu)镴OMO的建議。

16題詳解】

前文“It’sweekend.Youfriendsarethrowingapartywhileyoustayin.Thensuddenlyyoubegintoimaginethefunyourfriendsarehavinginyourabsence.(這是周末。你的朋友在你在家的時候開了個派對。然后你突然開始想象你不在的時候你的朋友們在玩得多開心。)”描述周末錯過朋友的派對的情景，設想自己有被忽視的想法，后文“Youcan’thelpturningtosocialmediatofindout.(你會忍不住去社交媒體上尋找答案。)”描述接下來去看社交媒體的行為，C項“Andyourinitialcalmturnsintoanxiety.(你最初的平靜變成了焦慮。)”符合語境，描述心情的轉變，承接前文的被忽視，引出后文去看社交媒體的急切，其中的anxiety與后文的can’thelp呼應。故選C。

【17題詳解】

空處位于段首，需引出后文內容。后文“Theydon’tfeeltheneedtoattendeverything.Instead,theyfindcomfortinstickingtotheirownplans.Theyfocusnotonwhattheylackbutonwhattheyhave.(他們覺得沒有必要參加所有的活動。相反，他們在堅持自己的計劃中找到安慰。他們關注的不是自己缺少什么，而是自己擁有什么。)”描述與上一段對錯失的恐懼相反的情況，有些人在自己所擁有的當中得到安慰，A項“Butsomepeoplefeeltheopposite.(但有些人卻有相反的感覺。)”符合語境，點明有人感覺相反，引出后文。故選A。

【18題詳解】

前文“Enjoyyourowncompany(陪伴).(享受你自己的陪伴。)”建議享受自己的陪伴，后文“Itmeansabandoning(放棄)theneedtocatchup,keepupandmeasureupinexchangeforachancetoengageinyourownlife.(它意味著放棄追趕、保持和衡量的需要，以換取參與自己生活的機會。)”解釋這種做法的意義，D項“JOMOistheenjoymentoftimespentalone.(享受錯過是享受獨處的時光。)”符合語境，表明應享受獨處的時光，承上啟下，其中的enjoyment與前文的Enjoy呼應，theenjoymentoftimespentalone是后文的It指代的對象。故選D。

【19題詳解】

前文“Tomakeachange,youmightaswellkeepapersonaljournalonpaper.(為了做出改變，你不妨在紙上寫個人日記。)”建議寫個人日記，后文“Andthiscanalsohelpkeepyoursecretstoyourself.(這也能幫你保守秘密。)”說明這樣做的另一個好處，G項“Thusyoucanturnyourfocusfrompublicattentiontoprivateappreciation.(這樣你就可以把你的注意力從公眾的關注轉向私人的欣賞。)”符合語境，說明寫日記的第一個好處，承上啟下，其中的privateappreciation呼應前文的apersonaljournal。故選G。

【20題詳解】

前文“Sotrytoreduceyourscreentimeandliveinthemoment.(所以盡量減少看屏幕的時間，活在當下。)”建議減少屏幕時間，E項“Youwillfindyouareactuallynotmissingoutonanything.(你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你實際上并沒有錯過任何東西。)”符合語境，說明這樣做的好處，承接前文。故選E。

第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

Despitetheirlackoflong-timeattention,childrendohearthewordsandwatchtheactionsoftheadultsaroundthem.Inotherwords,adultsaremajor____21____onchildren.Foroneelderlywoman,thankfully,thisisthecase.

Itwasamid-Januaryafternoonandschoolwasover.Asusual70-year-oldPatricia____22____hergrandchild,7-year-oldMariah,fromschool.

However,whentheyarrivedatMariah’shome,thingstookaterrible____23____.Oncethecarwasinthedriveway,Patricia____24____it.Patriciathoughtthecarwasinparkbutitwasactuallyinreverse(倒擋).Thecarthencontinuedtoroll____25____.Patriciaattempted____26____tostopit.However,shefellandherleggot____27____underthefronttire(輪胎)onthedriver’sside.

Mariah,whowasstillinthecaratthetime,spranginto____28____.Shequickly____29____thekeyoutafterwatchinghermotherandotheradultsoftendoso.WhatMariahdidsuccessfullystoppedthecarfrommovingfurther.

Thenextmoment,Mariah_____30_____uptoherhouseandrangthedoorbell_____31_____.Mariah’smother,Porchia,wasshockedatthe_____32_____andcalled911immediately.ItwasMariah’s_____33_____movethatallowedhergrandmatofreeherlegfromunderthecar.Fortunately,Patriciawasnotseriously_____34_____.Daysafterthe_____35_____incident(事件),Patriciarecoveredandleftthehospital.

21.A.challengesB.influencesC.commentsD.concerns

22.A.pickedupB.lookedafterC.helpedoutD.sentfor

23.A.chanceB.startC.effectD.turn

24.A.lockedB.adjustedC.exitedD.approached

25.A.outsideB.backwardC.sidewaysD.around

26.A.inpanicB.withcareC.byaccidentD.onpurpose

27.A.brokenB.lostC.stuckD.separated

28.A.touchB.lifeC.interestD.action

29.A.knockedB.pulledC.directedD.lifted

30.A.walkedB.jumpedC.climbedD.raced

31.A.anxiouslyB.activelyC.rudelyD.calmly

32.A.adventureB.emergencyC.interactionD.atmosphere

33.A.well-behavedB.hard-wonC.quick-thinkingD.eye-catching

34.A.injuredB.impactedC.threatenedD.weakened

35.A.cruelB.harmfulC.scaryD.embarrassing

【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.D31.A32.B33.C34.A35.C

【解析】

【導語】本文為一篇記敘文。文章講述了7歲的瑪麗亞目睹奶奶在慌張地企圖阻止汽車倒退的過程中摔倒，并導致她的腿卡在了駕駛員一側的前輪胎下時，瑪麗亞學著大人的樣子迅速拔下車鑰匙，成功停下車子，然后跑回家向媽媽救助，媽媽震驚中撥打911求助，帕特麗夏得以及時脫險。

【21題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：換句話說，成年人對孩子的影響很大。A.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；B.influences有影響的人（或事物）；C.comments評論；D.concerns關注。根據上文“Despitetheirlackoflong-timeattention,childrendohearthewordsandwatchtheactionsoftheadultsaroundthem.(盡管他們缺乏長時間的關注，但孩子們確實聽到了這些話，并觀察了周圍成年人的行為)”可知，孩子們會觀察成年人的言行，成年人的言行舉止會影響到孩子的行為，Influences符合語境。故選B項。

【22題詳解】

考查動詞短語辨析。句意：像往常一樣，70歲的帕特里夏從學校接她7歲的孫女瑪麗亞。A.pickedup接人；B.lookedafter照顧；C.helpedout幫助；D.sentfor派人去請。根據上文“Itwasamid-Januaryafternoonandschoolwasover.(那是一月中旬的一個下午，學校已經放學了。)”，以及本句中的7-year-oldMariah可知，放學時候，奶奶去接（pickedup）孩子，故選A項。

【23題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當他們到達瑪麗亞的家時，事情發(fā)生了可怕的轉變。A.chance機會；B.start開始；C.effect效果；D.turn拐彎，變化。根據下文“Oncethecarwasinthedriveway,Patricia