高考英語(yǔ)-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件-新人教版

2.Howmanyyearscanamountainexist

Beforeit'swashedtothesea?Yes,howmanyyearscansomepeopleexist

Beforethey'reallowedtobefree?

Yes,howmanytimescanamanturnhishead,

Pretendinghejustdoesn'tsee?

Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,

Theanswerisblowinginthewind.

BlowingintheWind3.HowmanytimesmustamanlookupBeforehecanseethesky?

Yes,howmanyearsmustonemanhave

Beforehecanhearpeoplecry?

Yes,howmanydeathswillittaketillheknows

Thattoomanypeoplehavedied?

Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,

Theanswerisblowinginthewind.

1

Howmanyroadsmustamanwalkdown

Beforeyoucallhimaman?

howmanyseasmustawhitedovesail

Beforeshesleepsinthesand?

Yes,howmanytimesmustthecannonballsfly

Beforethey'reforeverbanned?

Theanswer,myfriend,isblowinginthewind,

Theanswerisblowinginthewind.

GrammarModalverbsSelf-studycancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwouldoughttohavetodare(daren’t)need(needn’t)usedtomodalverbs1.Howmanymodalverbsdoyouknow?只作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的

可情態(tài)可實(shí)義的

可情態(tài)可助動(dòng)詞的

相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的can/could,may/might,oughtto，mustneed,dare/daredshall/should,will/wouldhaveto,usedto2.What’sthedefinitionofmodalverbs?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的情緒,態(tài)度或語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞,但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ),只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。3.Whatarethefunctionsofmodalverbs?1.Totalkabout___________________2.Totalkabout____________________3.Totalkabout___________________4.Totalkabout____________________abilityobligationcertaintypermission5.Tomake_____________________

6.Tomake____________________7.Tomake_____________________8.Togive_____________________requestssuggestionsoffersadvice2.ReadPartAonpage31,andthencompletethepassage.Answers

(1)can(2)dare(3)can/could(4)may/might/could(5)mustn’t/shouldn’t/can’t(6)mustn’t/shouldn’t/can’t(7)can(8)needn’tgroup-study1.Talkaboutability:can,could和beableto的用法Shecan/beabletosingthesonginEnglish.Thismachine

canmakeyoufeelcomfortable.1.can,beableto都可表示“能力”Can的主語(yǔ)是人或物,beableto的主語(yǔ)是人

We’llbeabletofinishtheworksoon.Ihaven’tbeenabletoseethefilm.2.can只用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)(could)。be

able

to可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。

3.could用于表示泛指過(guò)去的能力。如：

I

could

read

when

I

was

four.

4.表示特定的某一過(guò)去能力或表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用was/were

able

to，

不能用could。

He

_________

flee

Europe

before

the

war

broke

out.

Note：wasableto2.Totalkaboutobligationoughtto/shouldhavetomust*haveto能用于各種時(shí)態(tài),且有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化.

oughtto的否定式為oughtnotto/oughtn’tto強(qiáng)should&oughttoShould&oughtto含義相近，都可表“責(zé)任，義務(wù)”常可互換。區(qū)別在于，oughtto常指特殊情況下的“應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Should則指一般情況。Yououghttohelphimbecauseheisintroublenow.(語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，有命令意味。)Youshouldhavearestafterfinishingyoursports.（一般性建議）Yououghttocallthepolicewhenyoufindsomethingwronginyourhouse.Heshouldtakecareofthebabiestonight.*情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should一般不應(yīng)被認(rèn)為是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

shall的過(guò)去式，主要用法有：1)用于第一人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句中詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿，但語(yǔ)氣較委婉溫和，如：Whatshouldwedonow?我們現(xiàn)在該怎么辦？2)表示應(yīng)該、必須，常與must換用。例如：Weshould(must)masteraforeignlanguageatleast.3)用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣:Itissuggestedthathe(should)besentthereatonce.Itisstrangethatheshouldsayso.I‘msurprisedthatheshouldeatsolittleevery.

must表主觀意志，而haveto表由于客觀因素不得不做完成的事情。Must沒(méi)有過(guò)去式，除在間接引語(yǔ)中可表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間。在直接引語(yǔ)中表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間用hadto代替。Itoldherthatshemustgiveupsmoking.比較must&havetoIt’sgettinglate.Ihavetoleavenow.（客觀需要）3.Totalkaboutuncertaintymightmayshouldoughttowillmust強(qiáng)2.——情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的重要用法.肯定的推測(cè)可能的推測(cè)否定的推測(cè)疑問(wèn)的推測(cè)must

對(duì)將來(lái)

對(duì)現(xiàn)在

對(duì)過(guò)去情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.

+V.+havedone常見(jiàn)mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用not表示“可能不”

+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing

1.Idon'tknowwheresheis,she_______beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher________________ourexampapers.這時(shí)，我們老師想必在批改試卷。3.Theroadiswet.It________________lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother______________________foryou.你媽媽一定一直在找你。

maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在車(chē)禍中受了重傷.6.Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.She_____________________(go)bybus.7.Mike________________hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.邁克一定還沒(méi)有找回他的車(chē)，因?yàn)樵缟纤亲财?chē)來(lái)上班的。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefound高考考題:1.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I____it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenB

D

B

4.Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.It____acomfortablejourneyA.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen5.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack___behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.couldDDmay/might,can/could

*might,could比較委婉,一般多用于疑問(wèn)句.*can,may表達(dá)的語(yǔ)言比較隨便.*在以could,might表示征詢(xún)對(duì)方意見(jiàn)或表示請(qǐng)求時(shí)，回答應(yīng)相應(yīng)使用can,may.4.Totalkaboutpermission四、熟悉情態(tài)動(dòng)詞委婉用法：could,would,might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞均有委婉用法，它們不是過(guò)去式而是表示語(yǔ)氣委婉、客氣、禮貌，常用與疑問(wèn)句，并多用于習(xí)慣表達(dá)，如wouldyouplease,wouldyoumind,wouldyouliketo等，might還可以用于肯定句表示推測(cè)，表示可能性小，might和could表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)時(shí)，回答必須還成may,can.例1：--CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou____.

A.might B.will

C.can D.should析：選C。該句用can的委婉表達(dá)式could來(lái)征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)，could和might通用，但回答時(shí)必須還成can或may，因此該題不選A.例2：____youmindmy

smokinghere?

A.Should BCould

C.Might D.Would析：選D。征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)我是否在這兒吸煙，語(yǔ)氣理應(yīng)委婉，所以應(yīng)選委婉的表達(dá)方式wouldyoumind…來(lái)征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。willcancouldwould

5.Tomakerequests6.Tomakesuggestions（）Ｂ．Shallwedosomeexercisethismorning?7.Tomakeoffers（）8.Togiveadvice（）Ａ．ShallIgetaticketforyou?Ｃ．Youshouldnot/oughtnottoeatalotbeforeswimming.BAC

Notice!1.可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need、dare

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(+動(dòng)詞原形)行為動(dòng)詞

.needdare

1.無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑問(wèn)句中;*在if/whether之后;*或與hardly,never,noone,nobody連用;3.常以needn’t和daren’t

的形式出現(xiàn);4.dare有其過(guò)去時(shí)dared.多用于肯定句;

needtododaretodoneedtobedone

needdoing

1.判斷正誤:Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?Hedaren’ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?ExercisesNobodyneedtobeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully.Note:

對(duì)need問(wèn)句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thavetoneedn’t對(duì)其它情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,you__________.

--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.

needn’t(don’thaveto)needn’t(don’thaveto)2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：shall,will的多種意義:

*

shall可表示必須、允諾、命令、警告或征詢(xún)意見(jiàn).

*均可表示將來(lái)。過(guò)去時(shí)為should,would.1.Shallwe/he/sheturnontheprojecttoday??2.Youshallgetwhatyouwantifyoucomehere.3.Heshallgofirst,whetherhewantsofnot.4.Thefineshallbepaidincash.5.Ifyoudon’tbehaveyourself,youshallbepunished.許諾征求建議命令強(qiáng)制威脅*

will可表示意愿、決心或決定、常出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作、在疑問(wèn)句中表示請(qǐng)求和建議.Ifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wewilltrythenewclothesonyouinfrontofthemirror.Will/WouldyoupleaseturndowntheTV?Wheneverhemeetsme,hewillcomeoverandsayhellotome.Fishwilldiewithoutwater.意愿請(qǐng)求習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作必然性1.He______bepunishedifhedisobeys.如果他不服從,就要受到懲罰.2.Wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou____onlyletmespeak.只要你讓我說(shuō)話(huà),我們根本就不會(huì)吵架.3.--Sir,____hegoorstay?--Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.couldshallwillB

4.Thedoor_______open.這門(mén)經(jīng)常打不開(kāi).5.Ronald______stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would6.You_____havethebookafterIreadit.我看完以后一定把這本書(shū)給你.won’tDshall3.表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法:部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的考點(diǎn)之一。

mustn’t不準(zhǔn),禁止needn’t沒(méi)必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不應(yīng)該(=oughtnotto)1.You______returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot2.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you______hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’tCB

3.--Willyoustayforlunch?--Sorry,_____.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t4.--MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?--________.A.No,youneedn’tB.Not,please.C.No,youmustn’tD.No,youwon’tB

C

4.Must表推測(cè)時(shí)的反義疑問(wèn)句

Hemustbeintheclassroom,isn’the?Hemustlikedogs,doesn’the?Hemusthavewateredtheflowers,hasn’the?Hemusthavewateredtheflowerslastnight,didn’the?一.must表示推測(cè)，其疑問(wèn)部分必須與must后面的主要?jiǎng)釉~相呼應(yīng)

二.A.句中陳述部分沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這時(shí)疑問(wèn)部分中的動(dòng)詞就用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)B.陳述部分有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，疑問(wèn)部分的動(dòng)詞就用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Conclusion:5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone有哪些：2.分類(lèi)：a,表推測(cè)：

b,表本來(lái)可以：shouldhavedone/oughttohavedoneneedhavedone/wouldhavedonemight/mayhavedone/musthavedonecouldhavedone1.SorryI‘mlate.I________haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.（2000北京春季）

A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will

A

2.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_________homewithoutaword.（01全國(guó)）

A.mustn'tleave

B.shouldn'thaveleft

C.couldn'thaveleft

D.needn'tleave

B3.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.

—You________herlastweek.（04福建）

A．oughttotell

B．wouldhavetold

C．musttell

D．shouldhavetold

D4.—Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.

—Oh,he______havebeenaverysmartboythen.（04全國(guó)IV）

A.could

B.should

C.might

D.must

D6.Would與usedto的區(qū)別would表過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生得動(dòng)作或某種傾向

“總是,總要”

used

to表過(guò)去常常（現(xiàn)在已沒(méi)有這種習(xí)慣）

“過(guò)去常?！?/p>

used

to

可于狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用would不可以

eg.

He

used

to

be

a

quiet

boy.

()

He

would

be

a

quiet

boy.

(

)

3.ReadPartBonpage31,andthencompletethepassage.Answers(1)Shall(2)shall(3)will(4)will/