2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省揚州市高二（下）期末英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年江蘇省揚州市高二（下）期末英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AOneofthemostimportantaspectsofahealthycommunityisaclearplatformforcommunication.Herearesomeofthemforyoutousein2023.

●PartnerGroups

PartnerGroupsisacommonandfreeoptiontogatherandgrowacommunityoflike-mindedpeople.Whetheryou'reabusinessmanoranadvertiser，PartnerGroupscangetyourcommunityinfrontofmorepeoplethanalmostanyothercommunityplatform.WithalmosteveryoneonPartnerGroups，thememberswilloperatetheplatformeasily.

●Heartbeat

Heartbeatisanothercommunityapp，offeringmassupdatecapabilitiesandtheimportandexportofmemberdatawhenevernecessary.Heartbeatallowsforcontentmanagementandefficienteventmanagement.Userscanbuildanactivecommunitysothateverymessagemakesitswaytothepeoplewhoneedtoseeitthemost.

●Circle

Circleisacommunityplatformthatoffersabitofeverything.Customercommunities，educationcoursecommunities，start-ups，orclubscanallgetwhattheyneedtostarttheircommunities.Circleoffersawayforuserstobuildawell-organizedcommunity.Italsooffersalottoanexperiencedcommunitymanager.

●Discourse

Discourseisanopen-sourcecommunityappthatallowscommunitycreatorstobuildtheirownperfectplatform.Whilethismeansyoumayneedabitofbackgroundknowledgewithopen-sourcetools，italsomeansthatyourcommunitywilllookandfeelexactlythewayyouwant.Itrunsonallthemajorbrowsers（瀏覽器）sothateveryoneinyourcommunitycanparticipate.1.WhatcharacterdoesPartnerGroupshave？______A.Chargingusersforgoodservice.

B.Requiringtheprofessionaltraining.

C.Attractinguserswithsimilarinterests.

D.Helpingthecommunitymanagement.2.Whichappcanreflectcreators'purpose？______A.PartnerGroups. B.Heartbeat.

C.Circle. D.Discourse.3.Wherecanthetextbefound？______A.Insciencefiction. B.Inatechwebsite.

C.Inanentertainmentpaper. D.Inanartmagazine.BIntheU.S.A.，laborsongsaretraditionallystoriesofstruggleandpride，oftimelessdemandsforrespectandthehopeforabetterlife.Sometimestheyrepresentoldsongswithnewwords.Oneexampleis"WeShallNotBeMoved".Itusesthemusicandmanyofthesamewordsofanoldreligioussong.

Also，manyclassicAmericanlaborsongscamefromworkersinthecoalminesoftheSouth.Insomecases，therewereopenwarsbetweenoppressed（被壓迫）laboractivistsandcoalmineoperators.Once，inHarlanCounty，companypolicesearchedforunionleaders.Theywenttooneman'shomebutcouldnotfindhimthere.Sotheywaitedoutsideforseveraldays.Thecoalminer'swife，F(xiàn)lorenceReece，remainedinsidewithherchildren.Shewrotethewell-knownsong，"WhichSideAreYouOn？"

ProbablythemostfamouslaborsongwriterinAmericawasJoeHill.HewasborninSwedenandcametotheUnitedStatesintheearly1900s.Heworkedasanunskilledlaborer.JoeHilljoinedtheIndustrialWorkersoftheWorld.Morethananyotherunion，theyusedmusicintheircampaigns，urgingmembersto"singandfight".OneofJoeHill'sbest-knownsongsis"CaseyJones".Itusesthemusicfromasongaboutatrainengineer.Intheoldsong，CaseyJonesisahero.Hebravelykeepshistrainrunninginverydifficultconditions.InJoeHill'sversion，CaseyJonesisnohero.Histrainisunsafe.Yethestaysonthejobafterotherworkershavecalledastrikeagainsttherailroadcompany.

AnotherAmericanlaborsongiscalled"BreadandRoses".Thattermwasconnectedwiththewomen'slabormovement.Thesongwasbasedonapoemcalled"BreadandRoses"byJamesOppenheim.ThepoemwaspublishedinTheAmericanMagazineinDecemberof1911.Atthattime，conditionsinfactorieswerealreadyanationalissue.In1911，afireataclothingfactoryinNewYorkhadtakenthelivesof146people.Thevictimsweremostlyimmigrantwomen.Thefollowingmonththerewasafamousstrikebytextileworkers.Duetotheencouragementofthepoem，theywonhigherpayandbetterworkingconditions.

Sincethen，laborsongsgainedmoreattention.Unionactivistsalsorealizethatlaborsongscanuniteandhelppeoplefeelstrong.Thiscanbetrueevenwhenthemusichasnothingtodowithunions.4.WhatcanweknowaboutJoeHill？______A.Hewasgoodatcreatingencouraginglaborsongs.

B.Hewasatraindriveragainsttherailroadcompany.

C.Hewasaleaderrunninglaborerunionsuccessfully.

D.Hewasfamousforsinginglaborsongsforworkers.5.Whatisthebackgroundof"BreadandRoses"？______A.Immigrantwomenfoundnojobtodo.

B.Workerscouldn'tgetoverallearnings.

C.Womenhadnorighttobetextileworkers.

D.Textileworkersworkedinhardconditions.6.Howdoestheauthorargueforhisopinion？______A.Byaskingquestions. B.Bylistingnumbers.

C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Byprovidingexamples.7.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？______A.Thewaythelaborsongsformed.

B.Thehistoryofthelaborunion.

C.Thereasonforlabormovements.

D.Theintroductiontolaborfreedom.CSomemilkdrinkerslikewhattheycall"realmilk，"alsoknownasrawmilk.Thisismilkthathasnotbeenhomogenized（均質(zhì)處理的）orpasteurized（巴氏消毒的）.Homogenizationisthemixingprocessthatkeepsallthefatfromrisingtothetop.Pasteurizationkillsbacteriawithheat.Ultra-pasteurizedmilkisquicklyheatedtoanevenhighertemperature，whichkeepsitfreshinstoreslonger.IntheUnitedStates，healthofficialswarnthatdrinkingrawmilkcanbedangerousandevendeadly.Butthepopularityseemstobegrowingbecausesupporterssayrawtastesbetterthanpasteurized.

InallofthefiftystatesbutMichigan，peoplearepermittedtobuyrawmilkonlyforanimals.Butonlyfarmsintwenty-eightstatescansellitforhumans，underrestrictionsthatdifferfromstatetostate.PeoplemayalsobuyrawmilkinstoresinCalifornia，Connecticut，Maine，NewMexicoandSouthCarolina.Besides，somepeoplewholivewherethesaleofrawmilkisbannedgetitthroughasystemofcowshares.Peoplebuysharesofcows.Otherpeoplegetrawmilkthroughmilkclubsorcooperatives.Someoftheseclubsoperateoutsidethelaw.

In1924，theUnitedStatesPublicHealthServiceproposedrulesagainsttheinterstatesaleofrawmilk.Todayforty-sixstateshavepassedwhatisknownasthePasteurizedMilkLaw.TheexceptionsarePennsylvania，California，NewYorkandMaryland.Earlierthisyear，federalhealthofficialshadanotherwarningforthepublicaboutrawmilk.Theywarnedoftherisksfrombacteriaincludingsalmonella，E.coli，Listeria，campylobacterandbrucella.Thereisnomeaningfulnutritionaldifferencebetweenpasteurizedandrawmilk，assupporterssay.Andrawmilkisnaturalbecauseitdoesnotcontaincompounds（化合物）thatkillharmfulbacteria，assomealsosay.Amongthem，someactivistsaccusethegovernmentofaprejudiceagainstrawmilk.Theyarguethatoutbreaksofsicknessfromdrinkingitarenotaswidespreadasreportshavesuggested.8.Whydohealthofficialsconsiderrawmilkrisky？______A.Becauseitcontainstoomuchfat.

B.Becauseitistoofreshtodrinkatonce.

C.Becauseitholdsbacteriabadforhealth.

D.Becauseittastesbetterthanpasteurized.9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout？______A.Howtopromoterawmilk. B.Howtooperatecowclubs.

C.Howtogetmilkforhumans. D.Howtogetaraw-milkpermit.10.Whydosomepeoplebuycowshares？______A.Totakeintheessenceofrealmilk.

B.Toobtainrawmilkascowowners.

C.Toformclubstosellrawmilklegally.

D.Toavoidpunishmentforsellingrawmilk.11.Whatisraw-milksupporters'commonview？______A.Rawmilkcannotcausesomesicknessatall.

B.Rawmilkcankillharmfulbacteriabyitself.

C.Rawmilkshouldbelegallyconsumednow.

D.Rawmilkshouldbetradedwithprejudice.DTakingatriptothegrocerystorewithanemptybellyisariskybusiness，asanyonewhoeverwenttothemarketonanemptystomachandexitedwithacart（手推車）fullofchipsandcookiescanprove.Wewonderhowourbrainworkswhenmakingbiggerdecisions.AstudyconductedbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofDundeeshowswhywemaywanttohaveasmallbitebeforemakingabigdecision.

BenjaminVincentfromtheUniversityofDundee'sPsychologydepartmentandhisco-authorJordanSkyrnkatested50peopletwotimes：oncewhentheyfollowedtheirnormaleatingpatternsandoncewhentheydidnoteatanythingduringtheday.Usingthreedifferenttypesofrewards（food，money，andsongdownloads），theteamdiscoveredthatwhenpeoplewerehungrytheywouldchooseasmallerrewardimmediatelyratherthanalargeroneinthefuture.Infact，theteamnotedthatwhenpresentedwiththeoptionofreceivingtherewardnowversus（與……相對）doubletheawardatsomepointinthefuture，participantswouldusuallyvolunteertowaitfor35daystoearnadoublebonus，butwhentheywerehungry，theysaidtheywouldonlywaitthreedays.

"Wewantedtoknowwhetherbeinginastateofhungerhadaspecificeffectonhowyoumakedecisionsonlyrelatingtofoodorifithadbroadereffects，andthisresearchsuggestsdecision-makinggetsmorepresent-focusedwhenpeoplearehungry，"Vincentsaidinastoryaboutthestudyontheuniversity'swebsite.

InanearlierstudyofthesubjectbyateamatCambridgeUniversityinEngland，theresearchersnotedthatserotonin（血清素）playsanimportantroleinthedecision-makingprocess."Sincetherawmaterialformakingserotonin—anaminoacid（氨基酸）calledtryptophan—onlycomesfromdiet，levelsofthechemicaldeclinebetweenmeals，"reportsapieceintheTelegraphaboutthestudy."Thiscanleadtodecision-makingresistanceandthoughtlessness，"saytheteam."Somefoodsareparticularlyrichintheaminoacid，notablychickensoupandchocolate.Redmeat，dairyproducts，nuts，seeds，bananas，tuna，shellfish，andsoyproductsarealsogoodsources."Consequently，beinginastateofhungercanthrowyourdecision-makingoffbalance.It'sbesttograbasnackandrefuelbeforemakinganyimportantchoice.12.Whatcouldahungrycustomerdoatagrocerystore？______A.Purchasetoomanysnacks. B.Eatmorefoodthanusual.

C.Wanderlongerthanbefore. D.Buymanysmallnecessities.13.WhatdidVincentdiscoverinthestudy？______A.Hungermayhavenoeffectondecision-making.

B.Hungermaycausepeopletochooseaninstantprize.

C.Hungrypeoplepreferfuturerewardstopresentones.

D.Hungrypeoplearemorepatientthannon-hungrypeople.14.Whatcanadeclineinserotoninlevelsleadto？______A.Positiveinfluences. B.Negativeresults.

C.Energeticbehaviors. D.Favorableresponses.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.Howtomakeadietplanbeforeadinner

B.Wheretopickupfoodwhenshopping

C.Whynotchoosesnackswheninhunger

D.Whattoeatbeforemakingabigdecision二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Isyourglassofmilkhalf-fullorhalf-empty？Thissayingisoftenusedtotestpeople'soutlookinasituation；dotheyfocusonthepositives（ahalf-fullglass）orthenegatives（ahalf-emptyone）？Thinkingpositively，withabeliefthatmostthingswillturnoutfine，iscalledoptimismandit'sknowntoboostyourwell-being.（1）______

Whyisthinkingpositivelygoodforyou？

Researchshowsthatpeoplewhoareoptimisticandthinkpositivelytendtoexperiencelessstressandcopewellwhenfacedwithlife'schallenges.Peoplewhoaremorepessimistic（expectthattheworstwillhappen）mayfindithardtobelievethatthesechallengeswillpass.Scientistshaveevenfoundthatthinkingpositivelycanmakeyoulivelonger.（2）______Thisisbecauseyoubelieveyourgoalsareachievableandwithinreach，whichencouragesyoutoworktowardsthem.

（3）______

Everybodycanworryfromtimetotime.Worryingcanhelptokeepyousafe.Ifyouwereneverworriedandweregreatlypositiveabouthowthingswouldturnout，youwouldn'trecognizerisks."Worryingisourbrainwarningusthattheremightbesomethingthreatening，whichfunctionsasafirealarm."sayschildpsychotherapist（心理治療師）Rachel."Thetroubleisthatsometimesitgoesoffwhenthereisn'tahugedangertoface."（4）______

Youshouldlearntothinkpositively.

Optimismisshapedbyyourgenes，whichcarrycharacteristicsobtainedfromyourparents，andbywhathappenstoyou.（5）______Researchhasshownthatitcanhelptodraworwriteanoutcomethat'spositive，likeanimageofyouplayingguitarandhavingpassedyournextgrade.Imaginingthiscanmotivateyoutoworktoachieveit，suchaspractisingeverydayafterschool.

A.Worryingislikeafirealarm.

B.Avoidworryingisbeneficialtoourhealth.

C.Askingothersforhelppositivelymakessense.

D.Thegoodnewsisthateverybodycanlearntothinkmorepositively.

E.Whenthishappens，youcanfeelanxiousandhopelessaboutwhatliesahead.

F.However，whateveryourstartingpointis，youcanlearntobemoreoptimistic.

G.Beingpositiveaboutthefuturegoalscanmakeyouhappierandmoresuccessful.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）ZibocityhasunexpectedlybecomefamousovernightonChinesesocialmediasincelateFebruaryforitslocalbarbecue.Thelatestpromotiongivesvisitors（1）______admissionto10touristattractionsinthecitywiththeirtrainticketaslongastheirfinal（2）______isZibo.

Thismeasure（3）______thepreviousround-trip"barbecuetour"trainbetweenJinanandZibo.Passengersonthetrainare（4）______byabanner（橫幅）reading"WelcometotheSpecialBBQTrain".Theyalso（5）______itemsincludingleafletsaboutZibo'sculture，smallgiftsandsnacks.Manyalsotookvideosandpostedthemonsocialmedia，drawingmorevisitors."Thehigh-speedtrainsare（6）______withpassengers，"wroteonenetizen.

BarbecueispopularinChina，（7）______Zibo'sbarbecueisunique.It'smadeonastove，andis（8）______withflatbread（薄餅）anddressings（蘸料）.Theskewers（烤肉串）are70-80percentcookedbeforetheyarebroughttothetable，wheredinerscanfinishcookingthemontheirownstoves，whichlendsasenseof（9）______.

Thebarbecue（10）______becameahitafteragroupofcollegestudentsshotvideosofthemselvesenjoyingamealand（11）______them.Sincethen，manypeople，mostlytheyoung，have（12）______thecitytotrythedish.Onseveralstreets，（13）______canbeseenoutsidebarbecuerestaurants，whichstretchformorethan100meters.

Zibobarbecueisbringingmoreandmorepeopletothecity，andthelocalgovernmentneedstothinkabouthowto（14）______thecityasawhole，anditscultureandtourism.Thetrendwilleventuallyendifthelocalgovernmentdoesn'ttake（15）______follow-upmeasures.21.

A.formal B.free C.limited D.necessary22.

A.departure B.preparation C.destination D.quarter23.

A.follows B.inspires C.ensures D.affects24.

A.greeted B.blocked C.wrapped D.reminded25.

A.reject B.sell C.share D.receive26.

A.covered B.packed C.equipped D.surrounded27.

A.and B.or C.but D.so28.

A.steamed B.fried C.served D.boiled29.

A.direction B.community C.security D.participation30.

A.suddenly B.obviously C.slightly D.constantly31.

A.downloaded B.posted C.deleted D.hid32.

A.divedinto B.knockedinto C.pouredinto D.brokeninto33.

A.passers-by B.fires C.sights D.lines34.

A.promote B.transform C.beautify D.invest35.

A.temporary B.proper C.fair D.common四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Afarewellpartyfor22-year-oldYaYaatMemphisZootookplacelastSaturday.YaYa，agiantpanda，wassurroundedbybambooandgivenaspecialicecakemadeofgrapes，sugarcane（甘蔗），andcookies，（1）______（take）onaharmoniousscene，accordingtopicturesandvideossharedonline.

In2006，YaYabegantolightlyshedfur，（2）______skinissueleadingtofurloss，whichworsenedin2014.YaYa'shealth（3）______（weigh）onamajorityofChinesepeople.Andonline，peoplestartedpressingforYaYa'sreturntoChina.

SincetheChineseAssociationofZoologicalGardensreceivedreportsofYaYa'spoorhealthcondition，Chineseexpertshaveswung（4）______actiontoassistinthecareofYaYatoensureherhealthandwell-being."Contraryto（5）______mostnetizensmightassume，YaYaisinarelativelystable（穩(wěn)定的）healthconditionotherthanthefurloss，havingagoodappetiteandstableweight.ChinawillgetYaYahome（6）______（safe）atthefastestspeed，"spokespersonofChina'sministryofforeignaffairs，WangWenbin，saidonTuesday.

OnApril27t，YaYareturnedtoShanghai，safeandsound.Oneofthelocal（7）______（resident）said，"ThenumberofpeoplewavingatYaYa'saircraftbeforeitlandsinShanghai（8）______（be）beyondourimagination.HavinganticipatedYaYa'sreturnforalongtime，we，atthismoment，areso（9）______（excite）!ItiscrucialthatYaYabeexposedtoafamiliarcircumstance（10）______isofgreatbenefittoherhealthrecovery."Toourshock，Chinesepeople'saffectionforYaYahasn'treduceddespitetheelapse（流逝）of20years.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達(dá)（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.4月30日，振華中學(xué)為高二學(xué)生舉辦了主題為"學(xué)生擇業(yè)指導(dǎo)與促進(jìn)（GuidanceandPromotionofStudentCareerChoices）"的專家講座，并取得圓滿成功。請你用英語為校英文報撰寫一篇報道，鼓勵同學(xué)們明晰自己的職業(yè)與人生規(guī)劃。內(nèi)容包括：

（1）活動的時間和地點；

（2）講座內(nèi)容；

（3）活動反響。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

______38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成完整的短文。

WithonlyaweekbeforeEasterknockedontheirdoor，F(xiàn)aith，theeldestdaughter，satatheroldsewingmachine—aspecialgiftfromherlatemotherasidefromhersewingskills.Herfather，George，losthisarminanaccident.

"Let'shaveafestivedinner，Dad!"shetoldGeorge."Wehaven'tcelebratedanythingsinceMom'sdeath."

"Honey，Ibarelyhaveanymoneyleft."

"But，"headded."Icanbuysomegroceriestomakeabigone."

"Perfect!"Faithscreamed.

Inthestreet，noonenoticedGeorgecarryingthegroceriesalonewithonlyonearm.Oneofhisshoppingbagsslippedandheknelttopickitup，unawareofanSUVrushingtowardhim.TheharmwasdonebeforeGeorgecouldact，withgroceriesscatteringeverywhere.

Faithturnedaroundafterhearingherfatherscreambutcouldn'tlocatehim.Whenshedasheddownthestreet，shefoundGeorgeinfrontoftheSUV.

Thedriverwasrushingtogettoameetinganddidn'tnoticeGeorge.ShestuffedthemoneyinGeorge'sfistandwasabouttoleave.ButGeorgerefused.

"Imaybepoor，butIcan'ttakeit.Myfatherdidn'traisemetobecomesuchaman.HaveagoodEaster.Trytobemoreempathetictoothersifpossible!"

Therichwomancouldn'tbelieveit.

"Sorry，F(xiàn)aith.YouhavetogothroughEasterwithoutadinner."Georgesaid.

"Dad，don'tsaythat，"Faithwrappedherarmsaroundherfatherandtoldhimnottoworry.Shehadabrilliantidea!

Forthenexttwodays，F(xiàn)aithdidn'tsleepawink（整夜未合眼）.Shesatatheroldsewingmachine，makingnewgarments（服裝）foranonlinesale.Luckily，everyonelovedFaith'sdesigns.

OnEastermorning，F(xiàn)aithgotastrangemessagefromawomannamedEmma，whowasinterestedinherdesignsandwantedtomeether.Faithwassodelightedandwroteareply，acceptingthemeeting.

Thenextday，F(xiàn)aithgotupearly，Georgepreparingbreakfast.Whensheheardthesoundoftires，sheracedtothewindowandsawafamiliarSUVpullup.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

AsFaithopenedthedoor，followedbyGeorge，shefoundherselfface-to-facewithafashionwomanshe'dneverforget.______

EmmaboughtthedressfromFaith，andFaithtookthemoneypolitely._________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、D、B【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一節(jié)PartnerGroups中PartnerGroupsisacommonandfreeoptiontogatherandgrowacommunityoflike-mindedpeople.（PartnerGroups是一種常見且免費的選擇，可以聚集和發(fā)展志同道合的人的社區(qū)）和WithalmosteveryoneonPartnerGroups，thememberswilloperatetheplatformeasily.（由于幾乎所有人都在合作伙伴組中，成員將輕松操作平臺）可知，PartnerGroups允許有共同興趣的人們在線聚集、討論并分享內(nèi)容，它免費且易于使用，使其成為許多人的選擇。所以PartnerGroups對興趣愛好相似的人群有吸引力。故選C。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四節(jié)Discourse中Discourseisanopen-sourcecommunityappthatallowscommunitycreatorstobuildtheirownperfectplatform.Whilethismeansyoumayneedabitofbackgroundknowledgewithopen-sourcetools，italsomeansthatyourcommunitywilllookandfeelexactlythewayyouwant.（Discourse是一個開源的社區(qū)應(yīng)用程序，允許社區(qū)創(chuàng)作者建立自己的完美平臺。雖然這意味著你可能需要一些開源工具的背景知識，但這也意味著你的社區(qū)將以你想要的方式呈現(xiàn)和感受）可知，Discourse是一款開源的社區(qū)應(yīng)用程序，這意味著社區(qū)創(chuàng)建者可以根據(jù)自己的需求和喜好來定制平臺，相比之下，其他社區(qū)應(yīng)用程序如PartnerGroups，Heartbeat和Circle也提供了一些自定義選項，但它們的自定義程度遠(yuǎn)不及Discourse。因此，Discourse是一款很適合創(chuàng)建者意圖的應(yīng)用程序。故選D。

（3）文章出處題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了2023年最佳社區(qū)應(yīng)用程序，旨在幫助社區(qū)創(chuàng)作者和使用者建立并發(fā)展社區(qū)，包括PartnerGroups，Heartbeat，Circle和Discourse。這四種應(yīng)用程序各具特點，主要用于建立和發(fā)展社區(qū)的平臺。所以文章最有可能是來源于技術(shù)類的網(wǎng)站。故選B。

本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2023年最佳社區(qū)應(yīng)用程序，旨在幫助社區(qū)創(chuàng)作者和使用者建立并發(fā)展社區(qū)，包括PartnerGroups，Heartbeat，Circle和Discourse。這四種應(yīng)用程序各具特點，主要用于建立和發(fā)展社區(qū)的平臺。其中Partner

Groups是一個常見且免費的選項，可以聚集和擴(kuò)大志同道合的人群。Heartbeat是另一個社區(qū)應(yīng)用程序，提供大規(guī)模更新功能和成員數(shù)據(jù)的導(dǎo)入和導(dǎo)出。Circle是一個提供各種功能的社區(qū)平臺，適用于客戶社區(qū)、教育課程社區(qū)、創(chuàng)業(yè)公司或俱樂部。Discourse是一個開源的社區(qū)應(yīng)用程序，允許社區(qū)創(chuàng)建者構(gòu)建自己理想的平臺。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點。

4~7.【答案】A、D、D、A【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段ProbablythemostfamouslaborsongwriterinAmericawasJoeHill.HewasborninSwedenandcametotheUnitedStatesintheearly1900s.Heworkedasanunskilledlaborer.JoeHilljoinedtheIndustrialWorkersoftheWorld.Morethananyotherunion，theyusedmusicintheircampaigns，urgingmembersto"singandfight".OneofJoeHill'sbest-knownsongsis"CaseyJones".Itusesthemusicfromasongaboutatrainengineer.Intheoldsong，CaseyJonesisahero.Hebravelykeepshistrainrunninginverydifficultconditions.InJoeHill'sversion，CaseyJonesisnohero.Histrainisunsafe.Yethestaysonthejobafterotherworkershavecalledastrikeagainsttherailroadcompany.（美國最著名的勞工歌曲作者可能是喬?希爾。他出生于瑞典，20世界初期來到美國。他是一名非熟練工人。喬?希爾加入了世界產(chǎn)業(yè)工人組織。他們比其他任何工會都更多地在競選中使用音樂，敦促成員"唱歌和戰(zhàn)斗"。喬?希爾最著名的歌曲之一是《凱西瓊斯》。它使用了一首關(guān)于火車工程師的歌曲中的音樂。在老歌中，凱西瓊斯是一個英雄。他勇敢地讓他的火車在非常困難的條件下運行。在喬?希爾的版本中，凱西?瓊斯不是英雄。他的火車不安全。然而，在其他工人呼吁對鐵路公司進(jìn)行罷工后，他仍然留在工作崗位上。）可知JoeHill是擅長創(chuàng)作鼓動工人戰(zhàn)斗的勞動歌曲的。故選A項。

（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的The

song

was

based

on

a

poem

called

"Bread

and

Roses"

by

James

Oppenheim.The

poem

was

published

in

The

American

Magazine

in

December

of

1911.At

that

time，conditions

in

factories

were

already

a

national

issue.（這首歌是根據(jù)詹姆斯?奧本海姆的一首名為"面包和玫瑰"的詩改編的。這首詩于

1911

年

12

月發(fā)表在《美國雜志》上。當(dāng)時，工廠的條件已經(jīng)是一個全國性的問題。）

可知那時的紡織工人的工作狀況是很糟糕的。故選D項。

（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Probably

the

most

famous

labor

songwriter

in

America

was

Joe

Hill.（美國最著名的勞工歌曲作者可能是喬?希爾。）即第四段段中Another

American

labor

song

is

called

"Bread

and

Roses"

（另一首美國勞工歌曲叫《面包與玫瑰》），結(jié)合第一段提到勞動歌曲《我們不應(yīng)該被感動》，之后第二段提到《凱西瓊斯》，可知本文主要是通過列舉多個勞動歌的創(chuàng)作過程展開文章的。故選D項。

（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段In

the

U.S.A.，labor

songs

are

traditionally

stories

of

struggle

and

pride，of

timeless

demands

for

respect

and

the

hope

for

a

better

life.Sometimes

they

represent

old

songs

with

new

words.One

example

is

"We

Shall

Not

Be

Moved".It

uses

the

music

and

many

of

the

same

words

of

an

old

religious

song.（在美國，勞工歌曲傳統(tǒng)上是斗爭和驕傲的故事，是對尊重和對更好生活的希望的永恒要求。有時他們用新詞代表老歌。一個例子是《我們不應(yīng)該被感動》。它使用了一首古老的宗教歌曲的音樂和許多相同的單詞。），再結(jié)合緊隨其后列舉的喬?希爾的勞動歌曲，以及第三段提到的《面包與玫瑰》，可知本文主要通過舉例的寫作方式闡述了它們關(guān)于斗爭和驕傲的故事內(nèi)容講述的是勞動歌曲產(chǎn)生的背景。A．The

way

the

labor

songs

formed.勞動歌曲形成的方式；B．The

history

of

the

labor

union.工會的歷史；C．The

reason

for

labor

movements.勞工運動的原因；D．The

introduction

to

labor

freedom.勞動自由導(dǎo)論。故選A項。

本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了美國的勞動歌曲。通過舉例的寫作方式闡述了它們關(guān)于斗爭和驕傲的故事內(nèi)容，表達(dá)了勞動者對更好生活的希望和要求。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進(jìn)行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】C、C、B、C【解析】（1）推理判斷題。由本文第一段中的關(guān)鍵句Somemilkdrinkerslikewhattheycall"realmilk，"alsoknownasrawmilk.Thisismilkthathasnotbeenhomogenized（均質(zhì)處理的）orpasteurized（巴氏消毒的）.Homogenizationisthemixingprocessthatkeepsallthefatfromrisingtothetop.Pasteurizationkillsbacteriawithheat.Ultra-pasteurizedmilkisquicklyheatedtoanevenhighertemperature，whichkeepsitfreshinstoreslonger.（一些牛奶飲用者喜歡他們所謂的"真正的牛奶"，也稱為生牛奶。這是未經(jīng)均質(zhì)處理或巴氏消毒的牛奶。均質(zhì)化是防止所有脂肪上升到頂部的混合過程。巴氏殺菌法用熱量殺死細(xì)菌。超巴氏殺菌牛奶被迅速加熱到更高的溫度，使其在商店中保持更長時間的新鮮。）可知生牛奶必須經(jīng)過均質(zhì)處理和巴氏消毒兩個程序，其目的在于殺死生牛奶中的能夠致病的細(xì)菌。故選C。

（2）段落大意題。由本文第二段的內(nèi)容In

all

of

the

fifty

states

but

Michigan，people

are

permitted

to

buy

raw

milk

only

for

animals.But

only

farms

in

twenty-eight

states

can

sell

it

for

humans，under

restrictions

that

differ

from

state

to

state.People

may

also

buy

raw

milk

in

stores

in

California，Connecticut，Maine，New

Mexico

and

South

Carolina.Besides，some

people

who

live

where

the

sale

of

raw

milk

is

banned

get

it

through

a

system

of

cow

shares.People

buy

shares

of

cows.Other

people

get

raw

milk

through

milk

clubs

or

cooperatives.Some

of

these

clubs

operate

outside

the

law.（在除密歇根州以外的所有五十個州，人們只被允許為動物購買生奶。但只有二十八個州的農(nóng)場才能在各州不同的限制下將其出售給人類。人們也可以在加利福尼亞州、康涅狄格州、緬因州、新墨西哥州和南卡羅來納州的商店購買生牛奶。此外，一些居住在禁止銷售原奶的人通過奶牛股份制度獲得。人們購買奶牛的股票。其他人通過牛奶俱樂部或合作社獲得生牛奶。其中一些俱樂部在法律之外運作。）可知主要講述了如何為人類獲取牛奶。故選C。

（3）推理判斷題。由本文第二段中的關(guān)鍵句Besides，some

people

who

live

where

the

sale

of

raw

milk

is

banned

get

it

through

a

system

of

cow

shares.People

buy

shares

of

cows.Other

people

get

raw

milk

through

milk

clubs

or

cooperatives.Some

of

these

clubs

operate

outside

the

law.（此外，一些生活在生牛奶銷售被禁止的地方的人通過奶牛股份制度來獲得生牛奶。人們買牛的股份。其他人通過牛奶俱樂部或合作社獲得生牛奶。這些俱樂部中有些是非法經(jīng)營的。）可知有些人購買奶牛股份是為了作為奶牛所有者獲得生牛奶。故選B。

（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文最后一段中的關(guān)鍵句There

is

no

meaningful

nutritional

difference

between

pasteurized

and

raw

milk，as

supporters

say.And

raw

milk

is

natural

because

it

does

not

contain

compounds

（化合物）

that

kill

harmful

bacteria，as

some

also

say.Among

them，some

activists

accuse

the

government

of

a

prejudice

against

raw

milk.（正如支持者所說，巴氏滅菌牛奶和生牛奶之間沒有任何有意義的營養(yǎng)差異。還有人說，生牛奶是天然的，因為它不含殺死有害細(xì)菌的化合物。其中，一些活動人士指責(zé)政府對生奶有偏見。）可知生奶支持者的普遍觀點是生奶現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該合法食用。故選C。

本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹了美國大多數(shù)州有禁止銷售生牛奶的規(guī)定。當(dāng)今，已有46個州通過了所謂的《巴氏殺菌牛奶法》，支持者和反對者對此各有觀點。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因為閱讀理解題一般沒有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；其次細(xì)讀題材，各個擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

12~15.【答案】A、B、B、D【解析】（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Takingatriptothegrocerystorewithanemptybellyisariskybusiness，asanyonewhoeverwenttothemarketonanemptystomachandexite