陜西省寶雞市岐山縣高二下學期期末考試英語試題

2022-2023學年度第二學期期末質(zhì)量檢測高二英語試卷第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Inthestreet.2.WhatdidCarldo?A.Hedesignedamedal.B.HefixedaTVset.C.Hetookatest.3.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’satailor.B.He’sawaiter.C.He’sashopassistant.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At18:20.B.At18:35.C.At18:50.5.Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?A.Bydeletingunnecessarywords.B.Byaddingacoupleofpoints.C.Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.WhatdoesBilloftendoonFridaynight?A.Visithisparents.B.Gotothemovies.C.WalkalongBroadway.7.Whowatchesmusicalplaysmostoften?A.Bill.B.Sarah.C.Bill’sparents.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.WhydoesDavidwanttospeaktoMike?A.Toinvitehimtoaparty.B.Todiscussaschedule.C.Tocalloffameeting.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyarecolleagues.B.Theyareclosefriends.C.They’venevermetbefore.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatkindofcameradoesthemanwant?A.ATVcamera.B.Avideocamera.C.Amoviecamera.11.Whichfunctionisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Underwaterfilming.B.Alargememory.C.Auto-focus.12.Howmuchwouldthemanpayforthesecondcamera?A.950euros.B.650euros.C.470euros.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.WhoisClifford?A.Alittlegirl.B.Theman’spet.C.Afictionalcharacter.14.WhosuggestedthatNormanpaintforchildren’sbooks?A.Hiswife.B.Elizabeth.C.Apublisher.15.WhatisNorman’sstorybasedon?A.Abook.B.Apainting.C.Ayoungwoman.16.WhatisitthatshockedNorman?A.Hisunexpectedsuccess.B.Hiseffortsmadeinvain.C.Hiseditor’sdisagreement.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17Whowouldliketomakesmalltalkaccordingtothespeaker?A.Relatives.B.Strangers.C.Visitors.18.Whydopeoplehavesmalltalk?A.Toexpressopinions.B.Toavoidarguments.C.Toshowfriendliness.19.Whichofthefollowingisafrequenttopicinsmalltalk?A.Politics.B.Movies.C.Salaries.20.Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendattheendofhislecture?A.Askingopen-endedquestions.B.Feelingfreetochangetopics.C.Makingsmalltalkinteresting.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AChooseYourOne-Day-Tours!TourA-Bath&StonehengeincludingentrancefeestotheancientRomanbathroomsandStonehenge-￡37until26Marchand￡39thereafter.Visitthecitywithover2000yearsofhistoryandBathAbbey,theRoyalCrescentandtheCostumeMuseum,Stonehengeisoneoftheworld’smostfamousprehistoricmonumentsdatingbackover5,000years.TourB-Oxford&StratfordincludingentrancefeestotheUniversityStMary’sChurchTowerandAnneHathaway’s-￡32until12Marchand￡36thereafter.Oxford:IncludesaguidedtourofEngland’soldestuniversitycityandcolleges.Lookoverthe“cityofdreamingspires(尖頂）”fromStMary‘sChurchTower.Stratford:IncludesaguidedtourexploringmuchoftheShakespearewonder.TourC-WindsorCastle&HamptonCourt:includingentrancefeestoHamptonCourtPalace-￡34until11Marchand￡37thereafter.IncludesaguidedtourofWindsorandHamptonCourt,HenryVILL’sfavoritepalace.FreetimetovisitWindsorCastle(entrancefeesnotincluded).With500yearsofhistory,HamptonCourtwasoncethehomeoffourKingsandoneQueen.Nowthisformerroyalpalaceisopentothepublicasamajortouristattraction.Visitthepalaceanditsvarioushistoricgardens,whichincludethefamousmaze(迷宮)whereitiseasytogetlost!TourD–CambridgeincludingentrancefeestotheTowerofSaintMarytheGreat-￡33until18Marchand￡37thereafter.IncludesaguidedtourofCambridge,thefamousuniversitytown,andthegardensofthe18thcentury.1.WhichtourwillyouchooseifyouwanttoseeEngland’soldestuniversitycity?A.TourA B.TourBC.TourC D.TourD2.Whichofthefollowingtourschargesthelowestfeeon17March?A.WindsorCastle&HamptonCourt B.Oxford&StratfordC.Bath&Stonehenge D.Cambridge3.WhyisHamptonCourtamajortouristattraction?A.Itusedtobethehomeofroyalfamilies B.Itusedtobeawell-knownmazeC.ItistheoldestpalaceinBritain D.Itisaworld-famouscastle【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了四個一日游項目，包括參觀景點、費用等細節(jié)信息。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TourB中的Oxford:IncludesaguidedtourofEngland’soldestuniversitycityandcolleges可知，TourB中包括英國歷史最悠久的大學城和學院，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。比較四個一日游中的17March這一天的價格可知，TourD中的Cambridge中的￡33最便宜，故選D。該題容易誤選B項，但根據(jù)TourB-Oxford&StratfordincludingentrancefeestotheUniversityStMary’sChurchTowerandAnneHathaway’s-￡32until12Marchand￡36thereafter.可知，12號之前是￡32，之后是￡36。所以不選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)TourC中的With500yearsofhistory,HamptonCourtwasoncethehomeoffourKingsandoneQueen可知，漢普頓宮曾是4個國王和一個女王的家，有著500多年的歷史，也就是皇室的家，故選A。BWhenIwasateenager,Iknewnothingaboutmentalhealth.Ifyoutalkedabout“safespaces”,I’dthinkthatyoumeantabank.What’smore,Ididn’tcareaboutmentalhealth.WhywouldI?AsDadusedtosay,“Ifitisn’tbroken,don’tfixit!”Butunfortunatelymymentalhealthdid“break”.Iwasdiagnosed(診斷)asseriouslyclinicallyanorexic(厭食的)atage23.Ihadimmediatetreatmentinhospital,whichlastedtwoandahalfyears.Peoplealwayswonderwhathelpedmerecoverandthekeywassimple:comedy(喜劇).I’maprofessionalstand-upcomic.Comedybeganasmyhobbyandhasprogressedintoajob.Theword“comedy”isbelievedtocomefromtheAncientGreekkōmosmeaning“toreveal”,whosejobistoreveal,explainandunderstandthings.ThiswassomethingIturnedtowhenIwasinrecoveryfromanorexia.I’dneverbeenabletoexplainwhatgoingoninsidemyhead;tryingtoexplainwhat’sgoingoninyourmindisliketryingtoexplainacolortosomeonewho’sblind.Sohumourbecameawayofunderstandingthingsandthenawayofexplainingthem.DrDieterDeclercq,LecturerinFilmattheUniversityofKent,believes“Humorcanchangeouropinionsonadifficultsituation”.However,headdscarefullythat“WeshouldavoidjudgmentslikeAllhumourisgoodforyou.”InhisnewbookSatire,ComedyandMentalHealth,helooksathowcomedycanbeusedasamentalhealthmethod.Enjoyedwithothers,itisimportantforgoodmentalhealthandrecovery.Stand-upcomedywasimportanttomyrecovery.IknowI’mnotaloneinthat.SoIwanttopaythatforwardandshowotherpeopleyourmentalhealthdoesn’thavetobe“broken”beforeyoucan“fixit”.4.Howdidtheauthortreattheissueofmentalhealthasateenager?A.Shetookitseriously.B.Shewasconfidentofit.C.Shehatedtalkingaboutit.D.Shepaidnoattentiontoit.5.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A.Explainhowcomedyhelps.B.Sharewhatshewentthrough.C.Statewherecomedycomesfrom.D.Showwhycomedyisacommonhobby.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A.Comedy. B.Film. C.Adifficultsituation. D.Thenewbook.7.Inwhichsectionofamagazineisthistextprobablyfrom?A.Health&Life. B.Man&Nature. C.Science&Technology. D.Society&Opinion.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在青少年時期不在乎心理健康。當自己被診斷出有嚴重的厭食癥之后，通過喜劇幫助作者治好了心理疾病，并呼吁大家重視心理健康?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“WhenIwasateenager,Iknewnothingaboutmentalhealth.(當我還是個青少年的時候，我對心理健康一無所知)”以及“What’smore,Ididn’tcareaboutmentalhealth.(更重要的是，我不在乎心理健康)”可知，作者在青少年事情對于心理健康一無所知，并且毫不在乎。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThiswassomethingIturnedtowhenIwasinrecoveryfromanorexia.I’dneverbeenabletoexplainwhatgoingoninsidemyhead;tryingtoexplainwhat’sgoingoninyourmindisliketryingtoexplainacolortosomeonewho’sblind.Sohumourbecameawayofunderstandingthingsandthenawayofexplainingthem.(這是我從厭食癥中恢復(fù)時的想法。我一直無法解釋我腦子里在想什么；試圖解釋你腦子里在想什么就像試圖向盲人解釋顏色一樣。所以幽默成為理解事物的一種方式，然后成為解釋事物的一種方式)”可知，作者講述了在從厭食癥恢復(fù)的過程中，喜劇所產(chǎn)生的幽默可以幫助他理解周圍的事物，并成為解釋事物的一種方式。由此推知，本段主要介紹了喜劇是如何幫助作者走出厭食癥的。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)所猜詞前一句“helooksathowcomedycanbeusedasamentalhealthmethod(他探討了如何將喜劇作為一種心理健康的方法)”可知，德克勒克博士探討了將喜劇作為心理健康的方法。再結(jié)合下一句“itisimportantforgoodmentalhealthandrecovery(這對良好的心理健康和恢復(fù)很重要)”可知德克勒克博士認為喜劇對良好的心理健康和恢復(fù)很重要。由此推知，所猜詞it指代的為上文所出現(xiàn)的喜劇。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Stand-upcomedywasimportanttomyrecovery.IknowI’mnotaloneinthat.SoIwanttopaythatforwardandshowotherpeopleyourmentalhealthdoesn’thavetobe“broken”beforeyoucan“fixit”.(單口喜劇對我的康復(fù)很重要。我知道有這種想法的不止我一個人。所以，我想要繼續(xù)付出，向其他人展示，你的心理健康并不一定要“崩潰”，你才能“修復(fù)它”。)”可知，本文作者以親身經(jīng)歷介紹了喜劇對于心理健康的作用。由此推知，本文應(yīng)該選自于健康與生命。故選A。CWhenmostpeoplehearthewords“BigBen”theyimmediatelythinkoftheattractiveVictorianGothicstructureoftheclocktowerofthePalaceofWestminster.Let’sclearupacommonmisunderstandingfirst;technicallyspeaking,thename“BigBen”doesnotrefertothefamoustower,nortothefourhugeclockfacesofthisLondonlandmark;instead,itreferstothelargestoneofthefivebellsinsidetheclocktower.ConstructionofthetowerwasbegunfollowingthedisastrousfirewhichdestroyedtheoldPalaceofWestminsterin1834.CharlesBarrywasresponsibleforrebuildingthePalace,andhisdesignsincludedaclocktower.Ittook16yearstobuildtheclocktowerofthePalaceofWestminsteranditwascompletedin1859.Thetoweris316feethigh.Thespireofthetowerisbuiltwithanironframe,anditisthisframewhichsupportstheweightofthebells.Severalsmallroomsarebuiltintothelowerpartofthetower,includingasmallprisoncell.TheironframeoftheclockfacewasdesignedbyAWPugin,whowasresponsibleformanyoftheGothicdecorativeelementsofthePalaceofWestminster.Thedialsare23feetindiameterandthefacesthemselvesarenotsolid,butaremadeupofmanysmallpiecesofopalglass,likeaglasswindow.Severalofthecentralpiecesofglasscanberemovedtomakeiteasierforpeopletocheckthehandsoftheclockfrominside.Atthetimeofitsconstructiontheclockmovementwaseasilythelargestintheworld,anditisstillamongthelargesttoday.Theclock,designedbyEdmundBeckettDenison,hasproventobeveryaccurateovertheyears.BigBen—thehourbell—issaidtohavebeennamedafterSirBenjaminHall,whowasknownforhisgreatsize,asisthebell!ThefirstBigBenhourbellwascompletedbeforethetower,sothebellwashunginNewPalaceYard.Afterrepeatedpublicringingthebellcrackedandhadtobereplacedbythecurrentbell.8.Thename“BigBen”actuallyrefersto____.A.thefamoustower B.thehugeclockfacesC.thebiggestbellinside D.thedesignerofthetower9.Fromthetext,weknowthattheclocktower___________.A.wasdesignedbyEdmundBeckettDenison B.wasbuiltin1844C.ismorethan300feethigh D.hasnoroomsinit10.Whatisthebenefitoftheopalglassclockfaces?A.Opalglassischeaperthansolidmaterials. B.Thehugebodymakesitmucheasiertosee.C.Theglassissolidenough. D.Piecesofglasscanberemovedtocheckthehands.11.Fromthetext,wecaninferthat________.A.SirBenjaminHallwasafamousarchitect B.thefirsthourbellhasworkedtillnowC.thebellsarehunginsidethespireofthetower D.theclockisnotaccuratenow【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國的大本鐘，分別從鐘樓和鐘的建造等方面詳細介紹了大本鐘?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Let’sclearupacommonmisunderstandingfirst;technicallyspeaking,thename“BigBen”doesnotrefertothefamoustower,nortothefourhugeclockfacesofthisLondonlandmark;instead,itreferstothelargestoneofthefivebellsinsidetheclocktower.”可知讓我們先澄清一個常見的誤解；嚴格地說，“大本鐘”這個名字并不是指這座著名的塔，也不是指這個倫敦地標的四個巨大的鐘面；相反，它指的是鐘樓里五個鐘中最大的一個。由此可知，“大本鐘”這個名字實際上指的是里面最大的鐘。故選C。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thetoweris316feethigh.”可知鐘樓高316英尺。由此可知，鐘樓有300多英尺高。故選C。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thedialsare23feetindiameterandthefacesthemselvesarenotsolid,butaremadeupofmanysmallpiecesofopalglass,likeaglasswindow.Severalofthecentralpiecesofglasscanberemovedtomakeiteasierforpeopletocheckthehandsoftheclockfrominside.”可知刻度盤直徑為23英尺，表盤本身并不是實心的，而是由許多小塊乳濁玻璃組成，就像一扇玻璃窗。中央的幾塊玻璃可以被移除，這樣人們從里面檢查時鐘的指針就更容易了。由此可知，乳濁玻璃時鐘面的好處是可以拆下玻璃檢查指針。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thespireofthetowerisbuiltwithanironframe,anditisthisframewhichsupportstheweightofthebells.”可知鐘樓的塔尖是用鐵框架建造的，正是這個框架支撐著鐘的重量。由此可推知，鐘掛在鐘樓的塔尖里。故選C。DConversationgoesfarbeyondtalking.Italsoinvolves,asSwedishauthorAnnikaThorhaswritten,“eyes,smiles,thesilencesbetweenthewords.”Whenthoseelementsareputtogether,conversationalpartnersfeelmostdeeplyengagedandconnected.Dart-mouthCollegeneuroscientistshavetakenthatideaandcarriedittonewplaces.Theyreportsomesurprisingfindingsontheinteractionbetweeneyecontactandhowtwopeoplesynchronize(使同步)neural(神經(jīng)的)activitywhiletalking.Theresearcherssuggestthatbeingintunewithaconversationalpartnerisgood—butthatoccasionallyfallingoutofsyncmightbeevenbetter.Maintainingeyecontacthaslongbeenthoughttoactasthegluethatconnectstwopeopleinconversation.Similarly,thegrowingstudyofneuralsynchronyhaslargelyfocusedonthewayconsistenceinindividuals’brainactivitybenefitsthesocialconnectionbetweenthem.EarlierresearchbytheDartmouthlabhadshowedthatsynchronizedpupildilation(瞳孔擴張)servesasareliableindicatorofsharedattention,whichinturnmarksgreaterneuralsynchrony.Inthenewstudy,whichmeasuredpupildilationduringunstructured10-minuteconversations,theresearchersfoundthattheinitialmomentofeyecontact—ratherthanacontinuingperiodoflockedstares—marksapeakinsharedattention.Synchrony,infact,dropssharplyjustafteryoulookintoyourpartner’seyesandbeginstorecoveronlywhenyouandthatpersonlookawayfromeachother.“Eyecontactisnotbringingsynchrony;it’sdisturbingit,”saysThaliaWheatley,thepaper’sseniorauthor.Whywouldthishappen?Wheatleyclaimsthatmakingandbreakingeyecontactultimatelydrivestheconversationforward.“Perhapswhatthisisdoingisallowingustobreaksynchronyandmovebackintoourownheadssothatwecanbringforthnewandindividualcontributionstokeeptheconversationgoing,”Wohltjensays.Connectionsbetweenstareandsynchronymightberelevanttoresearchinmentaldisordersthatinvolveuntypicalinteraction.Thefindingsalsohelpexplainfrustrationsovervideo-conferencingplatforms,whererealeyecontactisnearlyimpossibletomakeorbreakbecauseofthepositioningofcamerasandwindowsonscreens.12.WhatdotheDartmouthCollegeneuroscientistsfind?A.Peopletendtosynchronizewhiletalking. B.Occasionalabsenceofsynccanbebetter.C.Eyecontactdrawspeopletoconversations. D.Thesilencesbetweenthewordsworkwonders.13.Whendoessharedattentionreachthehighest?A.Atthebeginningofeyecontact. B.After10minutes’lockedstares.C.Inthemiddleoftheconversation. D.Beforelookingawayfromeachother.14.WhatdoesWohltjenthinkofbreakingsynchrony?A.Itdisturbsratherthanbringssynchrony. B.Itoftenresultsincommunicationbarriers.C.Itisareliableindicatorofsharedattention. D.Itaddsfreshthoughtstotheconversation.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellusabouttheresearch?A.Itssignificance. B.Itsshortcomings. C.Itschallenges. D.Itscomplexity.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)與談話對象保持步調(diào)一致是件好事，但偶爾不同步可能會更好?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theresearcherssuggestthatbeingintunewithaconversationalpartnerisgood—butthatoccasionallyfallingoutofsyncmightbeevenbetter.(研究人員認為，與談話對象保持步調(diào)一致是件好事，但偶爾不同步可能會更好。)”可知，達特茅斯學院(DartmouthCollege)的神經(jīng)學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶爾不同步會更好。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Inthenewstudy,whichmeasuredpupildilationduringunstructured10-minuteconversations,theresearchersfoundthattheinitialmomentofeyecontact—ratherthanacontinuingperiodoflockedstares—marksapeakinsharedattention.(在這項新的研究中，研究人員測量了10分鐘無組織的交談中瞳孔的擴張情況，發(fā)現(xiàn)最初的眼神交流——而不是持續(xù)的凝視——標志著共同注意力的高峰。)”可知，在目光接觸開始時，共同的注意力達到最高。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段““Perhapswhatthisisdoingisallowingustobreaksynchronyandmovebackintoourownheadssothatwecanbringforthnewandindividualcontributionstokeeptheconversationgoing,”Wohltjensays.(Wohltjen說：“也許這能讓我們打破同步，回到我們自己的頭腦中，這樣我們就能提出新的個人貢獻，讓對話繼續(xù)下去?！?”可知，他認為打破同步性會給談話增加新的想法。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Connectionsbetweenstareandsynchronymightberelevanttoresearchinmentaldisordersthatinvolveuntypicalinteraction.Thefindingsalsohelpexplainfrustrationsovervideo-conferencingplatforms,whererealeyecontactisnearlyimpossibletomakeorbreakbecauseofthepositioningofcamerasandwindowsonscreens.(凝視和同步之間的聯(lián)系可能與涉及非典型互動的精神障礙的研究有關(guān)。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)也有助于解釋人們對視頻會議平臺的不滿，由于攝像頭和屏幕上的窗戶的位置，在視頻會議平臺上，真正的眼神交流幾乎不可能產(chǎn)生或中斷。)”第一句中的berelevantto“對……有價值、有意義的”和第二句中的alsohelp“也有助于……”可知，最后一段主要告訴我們這個研究地重要性。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項,選項中有兩項為多余選項。Healthisthemostimportantthingintheworld.Nothingismoreimportantthanhealth.Ifwetakeawayourmoney,houses,orevenourclothes,wecanstillsurvive.___16___Thatiswhywealwaystrytoeatinahealthywayandexerciseregularly.Howcanwekeephealthy?InordertoeathealthilyIusuallyavoideatingfoodhighinfat,likeFrenchfriesorcookies,whicharejunkfood.___17___Ieatalotofvegetablesandfreshfruitswhicharefullofvitamins.___18___Takingexerciseeverydayhelpsusbuildastrongbody.Regularexerciseisanimportantpartofkeepingmehealthy.What’smore,Ithinkfriendsareanimportantpartofone’shealth.___19___IalwaysfeelbetterwhenIamwithfriendsthanwhenIamalone.WhenIamwithfriends,Ialwayslaugh.Laughingisalsoanimportantpartofhealth.It’sgoodtostaywithmyfriends.Byeatingproperlyandexercisingregularly,Icankeepmymindaswellasmybodyhappy.Thesethingssoundeasytodo,butnotmanypeoplecanmanagethem.___20___A.Ionlyeatlittlemeat.B.Ontheotherhand,doingexerciseisveryimportant.C.Somepeopleappearfatbecausetheyofteneattoomuch.D.Ithinkastrongwillisnecessaryifwewanttokeephealthy.E.Butifourhealthistakenaway,itiscertainthatwewoulddie.F.Therearesomepeoplewholikestayingalone,buttheykeephealthy.G.Manystudiesshowthatpeoplewhohaveawiderangeofsocialcontactgetsicklessthanthosewhodon’t.【答案】16.E17.A18.B19.G20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了健康的重要性以及保持健康的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifwetakeawayourmoney,houses,orevenourclothes,wecanstillsurvive.(如果我們拿走我們的錢，房子，甚至我們的衣服，我們?nèi)匀豢梢陨?”及下文“Thatiswhywealwaystrytoeatinahealthywayandexerciseregularly.(這就是為什么我們總是試圖以健康的方式飲食和經(jīng)常鍛煉)”可推知，此處應(yīng)在講如果我們沒有了健康呢，我們會走向死亡。由此可知，E.Butifourhealthistakenaway,itiscertainthatwewoulddie.(但是，如果我們的健康被帶走，我們肯定會死)符合題意。故選E。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inordertoeathealthily,Iusuallyavoideatingfoodhighinfat,likeFrenchfriesorcookies,whicharejunkfood.(為了吃得健康，我通常避免吃高脂肪的食物，像炸薯條或餅干，這是垃圾食品)”可知，此處在講如何保持健康飲食。由此可知，A.Ionlyeatlittlemeat.(我只吃一點點肉)正是一種健康飲食的方式，符合題意。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Takingexerciseeverydayhelpsusbuildastrongbody.Regularexerciseisanimportantpartofkeepingmehealthy.(每天鍛煉有助于我們建立一個強壯的身體。有規(guī)律的鍛煉是保持健康的一個重要部分)”可知，此處主要講述鍛煉對健康也是很重要的。由此可知，B.Ontheotherhand,doingexerciseisveryimportant.(另一方面，鍛煉很重要)符合題意。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“IalwaysfeelbetterwhenIamwithfriendsthanwhenIamalone.WhenIamwithfriends,Ialwayslaugh.Laughingisalsoanimportantpartofhealth.It’sgoodtostaywithmyfriends.(更重要的是，我認為朋友是一個人的健康的重要組成部分。和朋友在一起總比一個人的時候感覺好。當我和朋友在一起時，我總是笑。笑也是健康的重要組成部分。和我的朋友呆在一起真好)”可知，此處主要講述的是交際是保持健康的重要方式。由此可知，G.Manystudiesshowthatpeoplewhohaveawiderangeofsocialcontactgetsicklessthanthosewhodon’t.(研究表明，擁有廣泛社會聯(lián)系的人比那些沒有廣泛社會聯(lián)系的人更不容易生病)符合題意。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thesethingssoundeasytodo,butnotmanypeoplecanmanagethem.(這些事情聽起來很容易做到，但沒有多少人能夠做到它們)”可推知，要做到這些事情，需要有堅強的意志。由此可知，D.Ithinkastrongwillisnecessaryifwewanttokeephealthy.(我認為如果我們想保持健康，堅強的意志是必要的)符合語境。故選D。第三部分完形填空(共20小題，每小題1分，滿分20分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出適合填入空白處的最佳選項。ThomasEdisontriedtwothousanddifferentmaterialstomakethelightbulb.Whennoneworkedsuccessfully,hisassistantcomplained,“Allourworkis____21____vain.Wehavelearnednothing.”ThomasEdisonrepliedvery____22____,“Oh,wehavecomealongwayandwehave____23____alot.Wenowknowthattherearetwothousandmaterialswhichwecannot____24____tomakeagoodlightbulb.”Ifyoulearnfromyourmistakes,thenyouare____25____.Ifyoulearnfromsomeoneelse’smistakes,thenyouareagenius.Successisnothingmorethanafewsimpledisciplines____26____dailyandfailureisnothingmorethanafewsmall____27____repeateddaily.How____28____theabovelinesare!Successtakes____29____.We’llmakemistakes____30____wedothingsintoomuchofahurry.Whenwedonotpracticedisciplinesinlife,wedon’tbuildenoughconfidenceto____31____newandchallengingtaskswhichareimportantandmatterinlife.Ourconfidence____32____whatwethinkofourselvesandwhetherwebelieveinourselves.Weareallbornwithexceptional____33____,butonlyafewreally____34____theirtruepotentialsandmakeeffortsinlifeandtheothersjustleada(n)____35____life.Doyouwanttobeexceptional?Successisafruitwhicheveryonewantsto____36____,butitisnotfoundeverywhereandnoonecan____37____itwithoutseriousefforts.Thosewhowanttosucceedwillfindaway;thosewhodon’twillfinda(n)____38____!Successdependsonprevious____39____,andwithoutitwewillendinfailure.Whenyouare____40____,pleaseenjoyitandgiveyourhandtootherswhowanttoaccomplishsomething.?21.A.with B.in C.on D.at22.A.confidently B.madly C.carelessly D.angrily23.A.remembered B.refused C.learned D.ordered24.A.test B.ignore C.invent D.use25.A.healthy B.enthusiastic C.intelligent D.generous26.A.shown B.prevented C.recorded D.practised27.A.errors B.machines C.jobs D.steps28.A.common B.strange C.familiar D.true29.A.effect B.time C.drugs D.roles30.A.asthough B.sothat C.unless D.if31.A.keep B.attempt C.give D.see32.A.dependson B.setsaside C.turnsdown D.setsup33.A.appearance B.experiences C.qualities D.feelings34.A.own B.realize C.provide D.research35.A.active B.hard C.rich D.average36A.sell B.draw C.eat D.praise37.A.achieve B.watch C.offer D.recognize38.A.story B.excuse C.key D.plan39.A.preparation B.influence C.life D.generation40.A.powerful B.wonderful C.successful D.hopeful【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.D27.A28.D29.B30.D31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D36.C37.A38.B39.A40.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了成功的根本原因?！?1題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：當沒有一個成功時，他的助手抱怨說:“我們所有的工作都是徒勞的。我們什么也沒學到?！碧幱凇校辉凇?；D.at在。根據(jù)前文的“Whennoneworkedsuccessfully”可知，制造燈泡的方法沒有一個成功，工作都是徒勞的。invain意為“徒勞，白費力氣”，為固定短語。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：托馬斯·愛迪生非常自信地回答說:“哦，我們已經(jīng)走了很長一段路，也學到了很多東西。我們現(xiàn)在知道有兩千種材料不能用來制造一個好的燈泡?！盇.confidently自信地；B.madly瘋狂地；C.carelessly漫不經(jīng)心；D.angrily憤怒地。根據(jù)后文的“Oh,wehavecomealongwayandwehave3alot.Wenowknowthattherearetwothousandmaterialswhichwecannot4tomakeagoodlightbulb.”可知，愛迪生講述出了實驗的收獲，故他非常自信回答助手。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：托馬斯·愛迪生非常自信地回答說:“哦，我們已經(jīng)走了很長一段路，也學到了很多東西。我們現(xiàn)在知道有兩千種材料不能用來制造一個好的燈泡。”A.remembered記??；B.refused拒絕；C.learned學會；D.ordered命令。根據(jù)后文的“Wenowknowthattherearetwothousandmaterialswhichwecannot4tomakeagoodlightbulb.”可知，愛迪生認為通過實驗知道有兩千種材料不能用來制造一個好的燈泡，學到了很多東西。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：A.test測試；B.ignore忽略；C.invent發(fā)明；D.use使用。根據(jù)前文的“ThomasEdisontriedtwothousanddifferentmaterialstomakethelightbulb.Whennoneworkedsuccessfully”可知，這些材料都不能用來制造一個好的燈泡。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你能從錯誤中吸取教訓，那么你就是聰明的。A.healthy健康的；B.enthusiastic熱情的；C.intelligent聰明的；D.generous慷慨的。根據(jù)后文的“Ifyoulearnfromsomeoneelse’smistakes,thenyouareagenius.”可知，如果你能從別人的錯誤中學習，那么你就是天才；如果你能從自己的錯誤中學習，那么你就是聰明的。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：成功只不過是每天實踐的一些簡單的行為準則，失敗只不過是每天重復(fù)的一些小錯誤。A.shown顯示；B.prevented阻止；C.recorded記錄；D.practised練習。根據(jù)后文的“Whenwedonotpracticedisciplinesinlife,wedon’tbuildenoughconfidenceto11newandchallengingtasks”可知，當我們在生活中不實踐行為準則，我們就無法建立足夠的信心來完成新的和具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)，所以成功只不過是每天練習的一些簡單的行為準則。故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：成功只不過是每天實踐的一些簡單的行為準則，失敗只不過是每天重復(fù)的一些小錯誤。A.errors錯誤；B.machines機器；C.jobs工作；D.steps步驟。根據(jù)前文的“failureisnothingmorethanafewsmall”可知，犯錯誤就會導致失敗，故失敗就是重復(fù)一些錯誤。故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：以上幾句話是多么正確??！A.common普通的；B.strange奇怪的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.true正確的。根據(jù)后文的“Whenwedonotpracticedisciplinesinlife,wedon’tbuildenoughconfidenceto11newandchallengingtaskswhichareimportantandmatterinlife.”可知，作者認為第二段中的話非常正確。故選D項。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：成功需要時間。A.effect效果；B.time時間；C.drugs藥物；D.roles作用。根據(jù)后文的“We’llmakemistakes10wedothingsintoomuchofahurry.”可知，如果我們做事太匆忙，就會犯錯誤，所以成功需要時間。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們做事太匆忙，就會犯錯誤。A.asthough好像；B.sothat因此；C.unless除非；D.if如果。根據(jù)后文的“wedothingsintoomuchofahurry.”可知，這是一種假設(shè)，如果發(fā)生就會造成犯錯誤的結(jié)果。故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我們在生活中不實踐行為準則時，我們就沒有足夠的信心去嘗試生活中重要的、有挑戰(zhàn)性的新任務(wù)。A.keep保留；B.attempt嘗試；C.give給予；D.see看。根據(jù)前文的“newandchallengingtasks”可知，想要成功的話有挑戰(zhàn)性的新任務(wù)是需要在生活中嘗試的。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我們的信心取決于我們對自己的看法以及我們是否相信自己。A.dependson取決于；B.setsaside擱置；C.turnsdown拒絕；D.setsup設(shè)置。根據(jù)后文的“whatwethinkofourselvesandwhetherwebelieveinourselves.”以及“Weareallbornwithexceptional13,butonlyafewreally14theirtruepotentialsandmakeeffortsinlife”可知，我們?nèi)松鷣矶加羞^人之處，但只有少數(shù)人真正發(fā)揮了自己的潛力，并在生活中做出了努力，可見信心取決于自己對自己的評價。故選A項。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都天生具有非凡的品質(zhì)，但只有少數(shù)人真正意識到他們真正的潛力，并在生活中努力，其他人只是過著平凡的生活。A.appearance外表；B.experiences經(jīng)歷；C.qualities品質(zhì)；D.feelings感情。根據(jù)前文的“butonlyafewreally14theirtruepotentials”可知，只有少數(shù)人真正發(fā)揮了自己的潛力，其實我們都天生具有非凡的品質(zhì)。故選C項。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都天生具有非凡的品質(zhì)，但只有少數(shù)人真正意識到他們真正的潛力，并在生活中努力，其他人只是過著平凡的生活。A.own擁有；B.realize意識到；C.provide提供；D.research研究。根據(jù)前文的“Weareallbornwithexceptional13butonlyafewreally”和后文的“theirtruepotentials”可知，我們都天生具有非凡的品質(zhì)，只有少數(shù)人真正意識到他們真正的潛力。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們都天生具有非凡的品質(zhì)，但只有少數(shù)人真正意識到他們真正的潛力，并在生活中努力，其他人只是過著普通的生活。A.active活躍的；B.hard堅硬的；C.rich富有的；D.average一般的，普通的。根據(jù)前文的“butonlyafewreally14the