2022年湖南省邵陽市新寧縣第五中學(xué)高一英語期末試題含解析

2022年湖南省邵陽市新寧縣第五中學(xué)高一英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.TheTVmanufacturerismuchmoreproductive.Thisyears’productionisthreetimes_____itwasfiveyearsago.A.what B.that

C.than

D.as參考答案：A考查名詞性從句。句意：今年的產(chǎn)量是五年前的三倍。本處為賓語從句，從句中缺少表語，指事物應(yīng)用what。故選A。2.______inaheavyrain,theteacherfellillandcouldn’tbut______foraleave.

A.caught;toaskB.catching;ask

C.catching;toask

D.caught;ask參考答案：D3.Goforitwhileyouareyoung.Youcan’tavoid_______yourjobtomorrowunlessyouworkhardtoday.A.losing

B.toloseC.tobelosing

D.beinglost參考答案：A試題分析：考查動(dòng)詞搭配的用法。句意：年輕的時(shí)候努力爭取，除非你現(xiàn)在努力否則不能避免失去工作。avoid后只能接動(dòng)名詞，且you與lose之間是主謂關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)形式。選A。4.IoftenhaveconversationswithJohnover_______phone,butkeepintouchwithTombywriting_______letters．A．\;the

B．\;a

C．the;\

D．the;a參考答案：C5.---Thegirlhardlyholdsontoherdream,_______?---_______.I’msureherdreamwillcometruesoon.A.doesn’tshe;No,shedoesn’t

B.isn’tshe;Yes,sheisC.doesshe;Yes,shedoes

D.doesshe;No,shedoesn’t參考答案：C6.Itwasalreadyteno’clock______wegottotheparkyesterday.

A.for

B.while

C.that

D.when參考答案：D7.Water,_____wecannotlive,existsintheformofliquid,gasorsolid.A.fromwhichB.onwhichC.bywhichD.withoutwhich

參考答案：D8.Assoonashecomesback,I’lltellhimwhen_______andseehim.A.Youwillcome

B.Willyoucome

C.Youcome

D.Doyoucome參考答案：A9.Ilostmy______andfelloffthebike.

A.weight

B.balance

C.way

D.legs參考答案：B略10.Ourcompanyissearchingforadesigner,especially______withcreativity.A.theone

B.that

C.one

D.those參考答案：C11.Myheadache_____me.Ithoughtitwasgoingaway,butit’sgettingworseandworse.A.iskilling

B.kills

C.waskilling

D.killed參考答案：A12.Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguide____themountainclimberwasrescued.A.who

B.that

C.when

D.how參考答案：B13.Kateislookingforward________totheball.A．tobeinvited

B．beinginvitedC．toinviting

D．tobeinginvited參考答案：Dlookforwardto中的to為介詞，故to后跟doing，又因?yàn)閕nvite和主語之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。14.

urgenttheproblemis,hefacesitcalmly．

A．Nomatter

B．However

C．Whatever

D．Although參考答案：B略15._____Iremembermostaboutmygrandmotheristhatsheshowedherlovethroughfood

A.How

B.What

C.If

D.Whether參考答案：B16.We'relivinginanage_______manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.that

B.which

C.why

D.when參考答案：D二、完型填空17.

Nowadaysitisfoundthatschoolstudentsseldompaymuchattentiontosports.Isitbecausetheyhaveno

1

insports?Itmaynotbethefact.Theyoftensaytheyhave

2

moreimportantthingstodo.

3

aretheseimportantthings?Examinations!Theyhaveto

4

themselvesforthemostimportantSchoolCertificatesofEducationExamination（畢業(yè)會(huì)考）,andalsoto

5

withthetestandtheexamsinschool.Somanyofthemtendto

6

bookworms.

Inthesummerholidaysoftheformeryearstheycoulddo

7

theyliked,butinthesummerholidaysofthe

8

years,theyhaveto

9

alltheirtimetothepreparation.Sostudieshave

10

themfromgoinginsports.Becauseofthepressure

11

theirparentsandteachers,theyhavetoworkharderandspendmostoftheirtimeonbooks.Manyparents

12

theirchildrentopassthisexaminationinordertogetasteppingstoneforhigherstudiesorbetterjobs.Asforthe

13

themselves,theywanttogetgoodresultssothattheycan

14

theirstudiesintheuniversities.Soitisnecessarythatthey

15

uptheirschoolactivities,especiallysports.

Indeed,acompleteeducationcannotgo

16

physicaltraining,foraquickmindseldom

17

alongwithaweakbody.Itiswellsaid,"Allworknoplay

18

Jackadull（遲鈍的）boy."Inoneword,withoutastrongbody,youcannever

19

anything,letaloneagreatsuccessin

20

.1.A.lessonB.timeC.interestD.place2.A.veryB.otherC.fewD.much3.A.WhereB.HowC.WhichD.What4.A.prepareB.getC.makeD.ask5.A.agreeB.fightC.workD.deal6.A.haveB.becomeC.changeD.grow7.A.somethingB.changeC.anythingD.which8.A.thisB.thatC.lastD.present9.A.spendB.takeC.costD.give10.A.separatedB.dividedC.takenD.prevented11.A.fromB.ofC.inD.to12.A.forceB.wantC.makeD.let13.A.studentsB.teachersC.parentsD.examinations14.A.developB.improveC.furtherD.stop15.A.keepB.putC.takeD.give16.A.forB.afterC.withD.without17.A.goesB.getsC.livesD.lies18.A.turnsB.makesC.getsD.brings19.A.receiveB.achieveC.doD.accept20.A.sportsB.examsC.trainingD.life參考答案：（1）C；（2）B；（3）D；（4）A；（5）D；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）D；（10）D；（11）A；（12）B；（13）A；（14）C；（15）D；（16）D；（17）A；（18）B；（19）B；（20）D；

【考點(diǎn)】說明文，社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類

【分析】本文是一篇說明文，現(xiàn)在的學(xué)生因?yàn)槊τ趯W(xué)習(xí)不能參加鍛煉的情況，分析了原因，說明健康的重要性。

（1）考查名詞。句意：學(xué)校的學(xué)生很少關(guān)注體育是因?yàn)閷w育沒興趣嗎？A：lesson“教訓(xùn)”；B：time“時(shí)間”；C：interest‘興趣’；D：place“地方”。have/shownointerestin固定短語，"對…不感興趣”，故選C。

（2）考查形容詞。A：very“很”；B：other“其他的”；C：few“幾乎沒有”；D：much

“很多”。他們說他們有其他更為重要的事情做。故選B。

（3）考查疑問詞。what作主語并承接上段最后一句“Theyoftensaytheyhave

2

moreimportantthingstodo．”故選D。

（4）考查動(dòng)詞。A：prepare“準(zhǔn)備”；B：get“得到”；C：make“制造，做”；D：ask“問”。他們不得不準(zhǔn)備自己教育考試最重要的學(xué)校的證書。prepareoneselffor固定短語，"為......做好準(zhǔn)備”，故選A。

（5）考查動(dòng)詞。A：agree“同意”；B：fight“打仗，戰(zhàn)斗”；C：work“工作，起作用”；D：deal

“處理”。他們不得不準(zhǔn)備自己教育考試最重要的學(xué)校的證書，應(yīng)付考試。dealwith固定短語，"應(yīng)付"，故選D。

（6）考查動(dòng)詞。A：have“有”；B：become“成為”；C：change“改變”；D：grow“變得”。bookworms是表語，此處需要系動(dòng)詞。故選B。

（7）考查代詞。A：something“某事”；B：change“變化，改變”；C：anything“任何事”；D：which“哪一個(gè)”。anything任何事；在過去幾年的暑假里他們可以做任何喜歡的事，故選C。

（8）考查代（形容）詞。A：this“這”；B：that“那”；C：last“最后的”；D：present

“當(dāng)前的”。thepresentyears與前句中的theformeryears相對應(yīng)．表示現(xiàn)在幾年，故選D。

（9）考查動(dòng)詞。A：spend“花費(fèi)”；B：take“花費(fèi)。帶走”；C：cost“花費(fèi)”；D：give

“給”。他們不得不花費(fèi)所有的時(shí)間都在準(zhǔn)備。givesthtosb，固定短語，“把.....給.....”，故選D。

（10）考查動(dòng)詞。A：separated“分離”；B：divided“分成”；C：taken“拿”；D：prevented

“阻止”。根據(jù)上文看是學(xué)習(xí)使得學(xué)生不能進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)，故選D。

（11）考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知這是來自父母的壓力，故選A。

（12）考查動(dòng)詞。A：force“強(qiáng)迫”；B：want“想要”；C：make“制造，使”；D：let

“讓”。根據(jù)children后的to，可知去掉C、D。句意：許多父母想讓他們的孩子通過考試為更好的學(xué)習(xí)和工作鋪路。故選B。

（13）考查名詞。句意：至于學(xué)生自己，他們想取得好的學(xué)習(xí)成績，以便…..。A：students“學(xué)生”；B：teachers“教師”；C：parents“父母”；D：examinations

“考試”。故選A。

（14）考查動(dòng)詞。A：develop“發(fā)展，開發(fā)”；B：improve“提高，改善”；C：further“加深，更進(jìn)一步”；D：stop

“停止，阻攔”。further此處作動(dòng)詞用，"furtherone'sstudies“進(jìn)修，深造”；故選C。

（15）考查動(dòng)詞。A：keep“維持，保留”；B：put“放”；C：take“帶走，花費(fèi)”；D：give“給”。所以他們很有必要放棄加強(qiáng)他們的學(xué)?；顒?dòng)，尤其是體育活動(dòng)。giveup固定短語，“放棄”，故選D。

（16）考查介詞。一個(gè)完整的教育不能缺乏體育，gowithout固定短語，“沒有…也能勉強(qiáng)度過”，故選D。

（17）考查動(dòng)詞。A：goes“去”；B：gets“得到”；C：lives“生活，居住”；D：lies“躺，位于”。體育鍛煉，頭腦敏捷是相互幫助的．goalongwith固定短語，"進(jìn)行，贊同"，故選A。

（18）考查動(dòng)詞。A：turns“轉(zhuǎn)，變得”；B：makes“使，制造”；C：gets“得到”；D：brings

“到來”。make后可跟"n．+n．"的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；故選B。

（19）考查動(dòng)詞。A：receive“接收”；B：achieve“獲得”；C：do“做”；D：accept

“接受”。從句意看，此處應(yīng)是"做成任何事"，故選B。

（20）考查名詞。A：sports“運(yùn)動(dòng)”；B：exams“考試”；C：training“訓(xùn)練”；D：life

“生活，生命”?？傊?，沒有強(qiáng)壯的身體，你就不可能做成任何事，更不用說取得一生中重大的成就，故選D。

【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及動(dòng)詞，名詞，形容詞，代詞，介詞，固定短語等多個(gè)知識點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。三、閱讀理解18.Fishhavedifferentpersonalitieswhichchangeastheyexperiencelife’shighsandlows,accordingtoBritishbiologists.Researchersidentifieddifferent“personalities”intheirfishbyobservingtheness(大膽)orshynessofindividuals,accordingtoTheNature.Likepeople,somefishareveryconfidentinthefaceofnoveltyorconflict,whileothersaresilentandfearful.Thescientistsselectedparticularlyandshyrainbowtrout(虹鱒魚),andtestedwhethertheychangedtheiroutlookdependingonwhatlifethrewatthem.Theyarrangedsomefishtofightandotherstowatchtoseehowboththeparticipantsandobserversrespondedtovictoriesanddefeats.Winningorlosingafight,orevenwatchingfellowfishovercomethedifficultiesinfluencedthefuturebehaviorofthecreaturesstudiedinthelab.Theresearchersmadefishcompetewithmuchlargerorsmalleropponents(對手),toensurethattheywouldwinorlosetheirfights.Thesefishthatwontheirfightstendedtobeevenerwhenlaterpresentedwithanovelfooditem;losingtheirfightcausedthemtobemuchmorecautious.Fishalsolearnbywatchingothers.Boldfishwatchingashyfishexploringamysteryobjectweremuchmorenervouswhenlatergivenanovelitemforthemselves.Predictably,shyfishthatwonafightalsogainedmoreconfidence,butsurprisingly,shyfishthatlosttheirfightsalsogrewerwhenexploringstrangenewfood,Sneddonsaid,addingthatthiscouldbeduetowhatshecallsa“desperadoeffect”(亡命徒效應(yīng)).Thenewresearchsuggeststhatanimalscangraduallyadapt(使適應(yīng))theirpersonalities.Theresultsagreewiththeeffectsthatlifeexperiencecanhaveonhumans.27.Thethirdparagraphofthetextismainlyabout__________.A.aconclusionoftheresearchB.anexplanationoffishcharactersC.astatementoftheexperimentD.adescriptionoffishfights28.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Bravefishlosingfightsbecomebraverwhenpresentedwithanovelfooditem.B.Bravefishwatchingashyfishexploringamysterygetlessnervous.C.Shyfishlosingfightsgrowmoreconfidentinexploringnewfood.D.Losingtheirfightscausestheshyfishtobemuchmorecautious.29.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.FishcareaboutwinningorlosingafightB.Fishcanlearnalotbywatchingothers.C.Fishhavestressinthefiercefights.D.Fishhaveadaptablepersonalities.30.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Lifeexperiencecouldchangepeople’sappearances.B.Lifeexperiencecouldinfluencepeople’spersonalities.C.Lifeexperiencedoesn’thaveanyeffectonhumans.D.Lifeexperiencewillmakepeoplemuchstronger.參考答案：27.C

28.C

29.D

30.D本文是一篇說明文。根據(jù)英國生物學(xué)家的研究表明，魚有適應(yīng)性的性格特點(diǎn)，它會(huì)根據(jù)自己經(jīng)歷生活的起伏而呈現(xiàn)出不同的性格特點(diǎn)。這一研究結(jié)果與生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)對人的性格影響是一致的?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段Thescientistsselectedparticularlyandshyrainbowtrout,andtestedwhethertheychangedtheiroutlookdependingonwhatlifethrewatthem.可知，該段介紹了科學(xué)家們選取不同種類的魚并觀察他們在不同情況下所做出的反應(yīng)。故本段是在陳述實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選C?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Predictably，shyfishthatwonafightalsogainedmoreconfidence，butsurprisingly，shyfishthatlosttheirfightsalsogrewerwhenexploringstrangenewfood,Sneddonsaid,addingthatthiscouldbeduetowhatshecallsa“desperadoeffect”.（可以預(yù)見的是，害羞的魚，贏得一場戰(zhàn)斗也獲得了更多的信心，但令人驚訝的是，害羞的魚在戰(zhàn)斗中失敗也變得大膽探索新奇的食物。Sneddon還補(bǔ)充說，這可能是由于她所說的“亡命之徒效應(yīng)”（desperadoeffect）。）可知，害羞的魚即便在戰(zhàn)斗中失敗，也會(huì)變得更有信心去探索新的食物。故選C。【29題詳解】主旨大意題。文章最后一段第一句“Thenewresearchsuggeststhatanimalscangraduallyadapttheirpersonalities.（新的研究表明，動(dòng)物可以逐漸適應(yīng)自己的性格。）”點(diǎn)出文章主旨，即魚類有適應(yīng)性的特點(diǎn)。故選D。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Thenewresearchsuggeststhatanimalscangraduallyadapttheirpersonalities.Theresultsagreewiththeeffectsthatlifeexperiencecanhaveonhumans.（新的研究表明，動(dòng)物可以逐漸適應(yīng)自己的性格。研究結(jié)果與生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)對人類的影響相一致。）可推斷出，和動(dòng)物可以逐漸適應(yīng)自己的性格一樣，生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)也會(huì)使人更強(qiáng)大。故選D。19.Peoplegenerallytendtopickoutthebest-lookingfruitsandvegetableswhenshoppingforproduce,butCanadiansupermarketchainLoblawsisattractingcustomerswithbadly-shapedandfaultyproduceatthepriceof30%lowerthannormal-lookingones.Atrialrunoftheuglyfoodline,named“NaturallyImperfect”,beganwithonlyapplesandtomatoestochoosefrom.ConsumerdemandhasbeensohugethatLoblawsisgoingtointroducemoreunsightlyvegetablesandfruitoptionslikeonionsandmushrooms.Thelineisavailableatotherstores,includingRealCanadianSuperstoreandYourIndependentGrocer.AlltheproducethatwillbesoldthroughNaturallyImperfectwouldotherwisehavebeenusedinjuices,sauces,orsoups,orhavenotbeenharvestedatall.ThedirectorDanBransonexplainedthatthisprogrambenefitedbothfoodproducerswhowouldotherwisehavetoletabnormalharvestgotowaste,andconsumerswhocouldbuyfreshproduceatlowprices.Andhewasright,givenhowpopularthelinehasbecome.“Itreallywentwellbeyondourexpectation,”Bransonsaid.“IthinkitreallyspoketothefactthatCanadiansareouttherereallylookingforsomeoptions.”O(jiān)fcourse,Canadiansknowthatbeautyismorethanskindeep,buttheyalsorecognizethattheycangetthesameflavorandnutritionalbenefitsinspiteofappearances.ThepositiveresponsetotheinitialofferingofapplesandpotatoesshowedtheopportunitytoexpandthelineandoffermoreoptionsatagreaterpricetoCanadianfamilies.“Ifyougrowproduceinyourbackyard,therewillbealotofproducethatwon’tlookasprettyaswhatyouwillseeinagrocerystore,saidBranson.“Andnaturedoesn''tgroweverythingperfectly.I’dliketothinkifsomebodyweretotakeaNoNameNaturallyImperfectapple,putrightbesideaNo.lapple,closetheireyesandeatthem,therewouldbenodifference.”46.Loblawsisdifferentfromothersupermarketsinthat.A.morefruitsareofferedatlowerpricesB.normal-lookingproduceisbannedthereC.imperfectproduceissoldatlowerpricesthereD.onlyapplesandpotatoesaresoldeveryday47.AccordingtoParagraph3,Branson''sprogram.A.preventspeoplefromwastingtheirfoodB.happenstobeawin-winarrangementC.teachesfoodproducershowtogrowD.enablesconsumerstoeatmorefreshproduce48.Whatdoestheunderl