2022屆全國新高考英語備考復習科技創(chuàng)新課件

科技創(chuàng)新考前4天2022屆全國新高考英語備考復習科技創(chuàng)新考前4天2022屆全國新高考英語備考復習1Part1基礎練目錄01考綱解讀02自我檢測Part2針對練01命題回顧02答題要領03自我檢測Part1基礎練目錄01考綱解讀02自我檢測Part2“科技創(chuàng)新”是高中英語新課程標準話題之一。該話題涉及各領域最新科技知識、最新發(fā)明創(chuàng)造等方面?？萍家呀?jīng)影響、滲透到我們生活的方方面面。生活離不開科技,科技在為生活服務。“現(xiàn)代科技”話題是歷年高考英語的必考話題,主要題型為閱讀理解,體裁一般為說明文,分值所占比重也比較高。例如2019年全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解D篇主題是美國一所中學與NASA合作的科研項目,旨在鼓勵考生開發(fā)創(chuàng)新思維,培養(yǎng)生活技能?？破疹愇恼伦⒅貙W科滲透,行文邏輯性強,內(nèi)容抽象。這類文章貼近考生的學習、生活實際,有利于激發(fā)考生的思維,對選拔優(yōu)秀考生有一定的作用,能全面地考查考生的綜合閱讀能力和運用所學知識去分析、解決實際問題的能力?？破疹愇恼峦哂锌鐚W科、行文邏輯性強等特點:要求考生能從文章的整體邏輯以及重要細節(jié)上全面把握。這類文章主要命題形式為細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題和主旨大意題等?！翱萍紕?chuàng)新”是高中英語新課程標準話題之一。該話題涉及各領域最3Ⅰ.品詞識義1.accessibleadj.____________

2.automaticadj.____________

3.breakthroughn.____________

4.digitaladj.

____________

5.privilegen.____________

6.proceduren.

____________

易接近的;可得到的自動的重大進展;突破數(shù)字的;數(shù)碼的特權(quán);特殊待遇程序;手續(xù)Ⅰ.品詞識義易接近的;可得到的自動的重大進展;突破數(shù)字的;數(shù)47.revolutionn._____________

8.drawbackn._____________

9.cyberspacen._____________

10.transformv._____________

11.laptopn._____________

12.systemn._____________

革命缺點;不利條件網(wǎng)絡空間改造;改革;變換;改變筆記本電腦系統(tǒng);體系7.revolutionn._____________5Ⅱ.單句填空1.(2020·全國Ⅱ)Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition(認知)after

(control)fordifferencesinparents’income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.2.(2020·全國Ⅲ)Wearetheproductsofevolution,andnotjustevolutionthat

(occur)billionsofyearsago.3.(2020·全國Ⅲ)OnThursdayinanarticlepublishedinCell,ateamofresearchersreportedanewkindof

(adapt)—nottoairortofood,buttotheocean.controllingoccurredadaptationⅡ.單句填空controllingoccurredadapt64.(2020·浙江)

(challenge)workthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.5.(2020·天津)Directedsoundisanewtechnologythat________(allow)companiestousesoundinmuchthesamewayspotlights(聚光燈)areusedinthetheater.6.(2019·全國Ⅱ)HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?It’sturning

abunchofhighschoolkids.Challengingallowsto4.(2020·浙江)(ch77.(2019·全國Ⅲ)AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbols

(consist)ofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.8.(2019·北京)Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeoplenowrefusetopickupcallsfrom

(number)theydon’tknow.9.(2019·北京)Phonecarriersandconsumersneedtoworktogethertofindwaysof

(determine)andcommunicatingwhatisreal.consisting

numbersdetermining7.(2019·全國Ⅲ)Ateamofresearch810.(2019·江蘇)Scientistshaveobtainedmoreevidence

plasticisfindingitswayintothehumanbody.11.Thislittledevice,

isflexibleandconvenient,hasobviousadvantages.12.Wearelivinginaninformationage,whenTV,cellphonesandthewebare

(wide)used.thatwhichwidely10.(2019·江蘇)Scientistshaveob913.Inaword,peopleshouldmakegooduseofmobilephonesinsteadofbecoming

(addict)tothem.14.

thehelpofthecomputer,itwillbepossibleforhumanstoworkathome.15.We’lldoourbesttocatchupwiththe

(advance)worldlevels.16.Themoretheyusethephoneduringtheday,the_________

(poor)theirsleepis.addictedWithadvanced

poorer

13.Inaword,peopleshouldma1017.Havingamobilephonemakesiteasyforme

(keep)intouchwithmyfriends.18.Asweallknow,TuYouyou,aChinesewomanscientist,hasmadegreat

(contribute)tomedicalresearch.19.Facedwithnewopportunitiesand

(challenge),heisdeterminedtohaveatry.20.Asweallknow,todaywebenefitfromcountless

(invent).tokeepcontributionschallengesinventions17.Havingamobilephonemakes11Ⅲ.完成句子1.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatmoderntechnology____________________

____________inlife.毫無疑問,現(xiàn)代科技給我們的生活帶來方便和舒適。2.

,studentscanobtainknowledgeontheInternet,and

,theycan_______________________.一方面,學生可以通過網(wǎng)絡學習知識;另一方面,他們可以開闊自己的視野。3.IbelieveIcanusetheInternetverywell___________________________________.我相信只要我知道如何控制自己,我就能很好地使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。bringsusconvenienceandcomfortOntheonehandontheotherhandbroadentheirhorizons

aslongasIknowhowtocontrolmyselfⅢ.完成句子124.Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,weshould_________________

________________________,enjoyingitsconveniencebutavoidingitsnegativeinfluence.根據(jù)上面提到的,我們應該合理地利用手機——享受其便利,但是避免其負面影響。5.Microblogcanprovideaplatformtoshowourtalentandreleaseourpressure,thus__________________________________________________________________.微博能提供一個展示我們的天賦、釋放我們的壓力的平臺,因此這使它越來越受高中生的歡迎。6.

,wecansurftheInternetatamuchhigherspeed.一旦這一新技術(shù)開始使用,我們就可以以快得多的速度在網(wǎng)上沖浪。

makingitmoreandmorepopularwithseniorhighschoolstudentsmakeuseofthemobilephoneproperly

Oncethenewtechnologycomesintouse4.Fromwhathasbeenmentioned13Ⅳ.語法填空Chinesehigh-speedtrainsareavery1.

(comfort)waytotravel.Theyareclean,quietandefficient.Chinahasledotherdevelopingcountriesandevensomedevelopedonesinthisfieldsincethefirsthigh-speedtrain2.

(come)intousein2008.

Thestationsare3.

(main)builtoutsidethetowncenter,butlocaltransporthasbeenlengthened4.______(connect)thehigh-speednetwork.Thefacilitiesonthetrainarenewandthestaffarewelltrained.Eventhesecondclass5.

(chair)provideplentyofspace.Thepassagesaresowide6.

you【語篇解讀】本文介紹了中國高鐵在世界上處于領先地位,同時也介紹了它的優(yōu)勢。1.comfortable中國高鐵是一種很舒服的旅行方式。修飾名詞way用形容詞,故填comfortable。2.came根據(jù)時間狀語in2008可知,此處應用一般過去時,故用came。3.mainly高鐵站主要修在市郊,但是當?shù)氐慕煌ㄑ由斓礁哞F站來連接全國高鐵網(wǎng)絡。修飾動詞build用副詞。4.toconnect分析句子可知,此處用不定式作目的狀語,故填toconnect。5.chairs即使是二等座的椅子也有相當大的空間。分析句子可知,本句缺少主語,chair為可數(shù)名詞,故用其復數(shù)形式。6.that通道是如此寬敞,你可以經(jīng)過的時候不用打擾別人。so...that“如此……以至于”,故此處填that。Ⅳ.語法填空【語篇解讀】本文介紹了中國高鐵在世界上處于領先地14canmovewithoutdisturbinganyone.Youcanuseyourmobilephone,access7.

Internetorworkonyourlaptop.Thereisalsoarestaurantcar,thoughthekindsoffood8.

(be)limited.Thetoiletsarelarge,cleananduser-friendlytoo.Thetrainalmostdoesn’trock.Evenwhenthetrainbrakes,youcanhardlyfeelitshake.What’smore,thehigh-speedtrainsarealso9.

(little)affectedbyweatherthanplanes.Seldomaretheydelayedorcancelledforweathercondition.10.

,theyhavebecomethefirstchoiceformanypassengers.7.to

accesstosth為固定搭配,意為“得以使用某物”,故此處填to。8.are分析句子可知,本句主語為kinds,故謂語動詞須用復數(shù)形式,此處為一般現(xiàn)在時陳述一般事實,故填are。9.less根據(jù)下文thanplanes可知,設空處須用比較級形式,故填less。10.Therefore根據(jù)語境可知,設空處前后為因果關系,且有逗號隔開,故填Therefore。canmovewithoutdisturbingan15主題主旨大意題主旨大意題是高考閱讀理解中?？嫉念}型之一,主要考查考生通過閱讀文章準確獲取文章的主旨和歸納、概括中心思想的能力。通常以概括文章主旨大意、總結(jié)段落大意、歸納文章標題以及判斷作者寫作意圖等形式出現(xiàn)。例如2020年全國Ⅰ卷、全國Ⅱ卷15個閱讀理解題中都有2個主旨大意題,全國Ⅲ卷有3個主旨大意題。主題主旨大意題主旨大意題是高考閱讀理解中常考的題型之一,主要161.主旨大意題——體裁決定答案文章的主旨大意往往由文章體裁決定。議論文主要是論述作者的某個觀點,往往采用“總—分—總”的模式,第一段提出論點,然后是論據(jù)部分,最后一段得出結(jié)論(論點的重申),所以主題句常在第一段或最后一段說明文說明一個事物的用途或制作過程,主題句一般在首段新聞報道主要是報道一個人物事跡或重大事件等,主題句常出現(xiàn)在首段首句記敘文一般沒有明顯的主題句,需要根據(jù)文中敘述的內(nèi)容和線索來概括文章大意,但是如果文章末段出現(xiàn)說理性的句子,則這個句子往往為主題句1.主旨大意題——體裁決定答案議論文主要是論述作者的某個觀點172.標題歸納題(1)正面肯定法:在理解文章主旨的基礎上,揣摩哪個選項能準確概括主旨;(2)反面否定法:撇開原文,拿各個備選項去設想,用它們寫出來的文章將是什么內(nèi)容,然后和原文對照,一一排除不恰當?shù)倪x項。3.段落大意題——根據(jù)邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)精準定位主題句(1)總分順序組織段落:首句做總的說明,其他句子對其進行具體論述,這種結(jié)構(gòu)的主題句就在段首;(2)分總順序組織段落:主題句就在段尾;(3)分總分順序組織段落:主題句就在段落的中間。2.標題歸納題184.寫作意圖題——不同的體裁有不同的寫作意圖體裁寫作意圖廣告推銷某種產(chǎn)品或某種服務,或是通過影片、圖書、電視節(jié)目、旅游景點等的介紹以吸引更多的觀眾、讀者或游客等說明文向人們展示某物的用途或制作過程研究報告向人們展示某種研究結(jié)果議論文論述一個道理或表達一個觀點記敘文向人們分享經(jīng)歷、敘述一件事情或表達情感等4.寫作意圖題——不同的體裁有不同的寫作意圖體裁寫作意圖廣告19

A

Scientistsmayonedaybeabletodestroyvirusesinthesamewaythatoperasingersbreakwineglasses.Newresearchmathematicallydeterminedthefrequenciesatwhichsimplevirusescouldbeshakentodeath.“Thecapsid(殼)ofavirusissomethingliketheshellofaturtle,”saidphysicistOttoSankeyofArizonaStateUniversity.“Iftheshellcanbedamagedbymechanicalvibrations(震動),theviruscanbedestroyed.”A20

Recentexperimentalevidencehasshownthatlaser(激光)pulseswiththerightfrequencycankillcertainviruses.However,locatingtheseresonant(共振的)frequenciesisabitoftrialanderror.“Experimentsmusttryvariousconditions,”Sankeysaid.Tofurtherthissearch,SankeyandhisstudentEricDykemanhavedevelopedawaytocalculatethevibrationsofeveryatominavirusshell.Fromthis,theycandeterminethelowestresonantfrequencies.Anexperimenthasrecentlyshownthatpulsesoflaserlightcancausedestructivevibrationsinvirusshells.Sankeysaid,“Likewakingupachildonaswingbypushinghim,onesuddenpushgetsthevirusshaking.”Recentexperimentalevi21

However,itisdifficulttocalculatewhatsortofpushwillkillavirus,sincetherecanbemillionsofatomsinitsshellstructure.Adirectcalculationofeachatom’smovementswouldtakeseveralhundredthousandGigabytesofcomputermemory,Sankeyexplained.However,itisdifficult22Theteamplanstousetheirtechniquetostudyothermorecomplicatedviruses.However,itisstillalongwayfromusingthistodestroythevirusesininfectedpeople.“Thisissuchanewfield,andtherearesofewexperimentsthatthesciencehasnotyethadenoughtimetoproveitself,”Sankeysaid.“Weremainhopefulbutremainskepticalatthesametime.”【語篇解讀】文章介紹了一種使用一定的振動頻率來破壞病毒的方法。Theteamplanstousethe231.Whatmaybethenewwaytokillviruses?A.Replacingviruses’capsidswithshells.B.Breakingviruses’capsidsbyvibration.C.Locatingthepositionofcertainviruses.D.Damagingtheconditionsthatviruseslike.1.B細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2段中的Thecapsidofavirusissomethingliketheshellofaturtle和“Iftheshellcanbedamagedbymechanicalvibrations,theviruscanbedestroyed.”可知,病毒有一層外殼,如果受到機械振動則可以將其破壞,病毒就可以被毀滅。1.Whatmaybethenewwaytok242.WhydidSankeymention“wakingupachildonaswingbypushinghim”inParagraph4?A.Toprovehowsimplethenewtheoryis.B.Toexplainhowtostartthevirusshaking.C.Tosuggesttheideacomesfromourreallife.D.Toshowthedestructivepowerofvibrations.2.B推斷題。根據(jù)第4段最后一句可知,就像從秋千上推孩子把他弄醒一樣,一個突然的推動就會讓病毒顫抖,因此可推斷,Sankey是用類比的方式幫助讀者了解這種破壞病毒的原理。2.WhydidSankeymention“waki253.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Theshellstructureofviruses.B.Thelackofcomputermemory.C.Thechallengingpartoftheresearch.D.Theimportanceofatoms’movement.3.C主旨題。根據(jù)第5段的內(nèi)容可知,由于病毒的外殼結(jié)構(gòu)中可能有數(shù)百萬個原子,因此很難計算出哪種推動會殺死病毒。直接計算每個原子的運動將消耗大量計算機內(nèi)存,因此本段主要講的是在這項研究中會遇到的問題。3.WhatisParagraph5mainlya264.WhatisSankey’sattitudetowardsthetheory?

A.Disapproving. B.Worried.C.Uncaring. D.Positive.4.D推斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Weremainhopefulbutremainskepticalatthesametime.”可知,Sankey對這項新技術(shù)的未來是有信心的。4.WhatisSankey’sattitudeto27B“ThishasgoneaswellasIcouldhavedreamed,andIcanflyinthenearfuture!”Yes,AlyssaCarson,a20-year-oldastronautfromBatonRouge,Louisiana,iscapable.Forher,ridingthemostaggressiverollercoasterintheparkisnotabigdeal.Ifallgoesaccordingtoherplans,NASAwillsendhertoMarsin2033,makingherthefirsthumantostepfootontheplanet.Shewillspendtwotothreeyearslivingthere,growingfood,performingscienceexperimentsandsearchingforsignsoflife.“TheMartianisactuallyveryaccurate,”shesaid.“Alotofthingsthathappenedinthemoviesaresimilartowhatisgoingtohappen.”Shehasdevotedherentirelifetopreparingforherjourney.

28

HerloveforspacestartedwhenshewatchedacartooncalledTheBackyardigansattheageof3.Fiveanimalpalswentonimaginaryadventuresintheirbackyard,includingonepart—amissiontoMars.“Ithoughtthisredplanetwassocool!”shesaid.“Istartedwatchingvideosofrovers’landingonMars.IhadalargemapofMarsinmyroomwhichIwouldlookateveryday.IstartedgettingtelescopessoIcouldlookatspace.”Herloveforspacestartedwh29

Atage7,herfathertookhertospacecampinHuntsville,Alabama.“Thatwastheweekendofmylife,”shesaid.“IgottolearneverythingIhadbeenwantingtoknowandIgottoseealife-sizedrocket.”Shecherishedtherocketsomuchthatshereturned18times.Atage12,shebecamethefirstpersoninhistorytoattendallthreeNASAspacecampsinHuntsville,Alabama;Quebec,CanadaandIzmir,Turkey.Atfirstshemasteredthebasicsofspaceandhowhumanshaveexploreditthroughouttime.Asshegotoldershesimulated(模擬)missions,tryingtoreachadestinationin,weightlesszones.Atage7,herfathertookh30Whenshewas9,shemetNASAastronautSandraMagnus.Theexperiencedexplorertoldhershewasheragewhenshedecidedtogotospace.AtthatmomentAlyssaknewherloveofspacewasnotahobby.“Ididthesamethingasotherkids,likeswitchingmymindaboutcareers,wantingtobeateacherorthepresidentoneday,”shesaid.“ButthewayIalwaysthoughtaboutit