英語四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析

1/14英語四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析1.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析1.That’stheconclusionofarecentlyreleasedstudy,whichanalysed259bottlesfrom11brandssoldinninecountries,revealinganaverageof325plasticparticlesperlitreofwater.【分析】本句主干是“That’stheconclusion…”。ofarecentlyreleasedstudy作后置定語，修飾conclusion。which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾study，“revealing…perlitreofwater”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語?！咀g文】這是最近公布的一項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論，該研究分析了在九個(gè)國(guó)家出售的11個(gè)品牌的259瓶水，發(fā)現(xiàn)每升水中平均有325個(gè)塑料微粒。2.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Confrontedwiththisevidence,severalbottled-watermanufacturersincludingNestleandCoca-Colaundertooktheirownstudiesusingthesamemethodology.【分析】本句主干是“…severalbottled-watermanufacturers…undertooktheirownstudies…”。Confrontedwiththisevidence是過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語；includingNestleandCoca-Cola是后置定語，修飾manufacturers；usingthesamemethodology是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作方式狀語?！咀g文】面對(duì)這一證據(jù)，包括雀巢、可口可樂在內(nèi)的幾家瓶裝水生產(chǎn)商利用同樣的方法進(jìn)行了他們自己的研究。3.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Daysafterthedeadly2017wildfiresinSantaRosa,California,adronecaughtfootageofaUSPSworker,TrevorSmith,drivingthroughburnedhomesinthatfamiliarwhitevan,collectingmailinanaffectedarea.【分析】本句主干是“…adronecaughtfootageofaUSPSworker…”。Daysafterthedeadly2017wildfiresinSantaRosa,California是時(shí)間狀語，drivingthroughburnedhomesinthatfamiliarwhitevan,collectingmailinanaffectedarea為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語?！咀g文】在2017年加利福尼亞州圣羅莎那場(chǎng)致命火災(zāi)過后幾天，一架無人機(jī)捕捉到了一名美國(guó)郵政管理局員工特雷弗·史密斯的連續(xù)鏡頭，他正開著那輛熟悉的白色貨車穿梭在焚毀的房子中間，收集災(zāi)區(qū)內(nèi)的郵件。4.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析ProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingassistanttohelphandletheenormousnumberofstudentquestionsintheonlineclass,Knowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence.【分析】本句主干是“ProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingassistant…”。動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)tohelphandletheenormousnumberofstudentquestionsintheonlineclass為目的狀語，Knowledge-BasedArtificialIntelligence為同位語，補(bǔ)充說明theonlineclass【譯文】喬治亞理工學(xué)院的阿肖克·戈埃爾教授開發(fā)了一個(gè)人工智能助教來幫助處理名為“基于知識(shí)的人工智能”這個(gè)在線課程中大量的學(xué)生問題。5.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析GoelandhisteamdevelopedseveralversionsofJillWatsonbeforereleasinghertotheonlineforums.【分析】本句主干是“Goelandhisteamdevelopedseveralversions…”。介詞短語ofJillWatson作后置定語，修飾severalversions。beforereleasinghertotheonlineforums是時(shí)間狀語?！咀g文】戈埃爾和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了吉爾·沃森的幾個(gè)版本，然后才把她發(fā)布到網(wǎng)上論壇。6.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Crowdfunding,raisingmoneyforaprojectthroughonlineappeals,hastakenoffinrecentyearsforeverythingfrommakingmoviestoproducingwater-savinggadgets.【分析】本句主干是“Crowdfunding…h(huán)astakenoffinrecentyearsforeverything…”。raisingmoneyforaprojectthroughonlineappeals是Crowdfunding的同位語；frommakingmoviestoproducingwater-savinggadgets是everything的后置定語?！咀g文】近年來，眾籌，即通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)募捐呼吁為某個(gè)項(xiàng)目籌集資金，在從制作電影到生產(chǎn)節(jié)水設(shè)備的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域蓬勃發(fā)展。7.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Otherfactorsmayalsosignificantlyinfluenceaproject’ssuccess,mostnotably,thesizeofascientist’spersonalandprofessionalnetworks,andhowmucharesearcherpromotesaprojectontheirown.【分析】本句主干是“Otherfactorsmayalsosignificantlyinfluenceaproject’ssuccess…”。mostnotably,thesizeofascientist’spersonalandprofessionalnetworks,andhowmucharesearcherpromotesaprojectontheirown對(duì)factors進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明?！咀g文】其他因素也可能會(huì)對(duì)項(xiàng)目的成功產(chǎn)生重大影響，其中最顯著的是科學(xué)家的個(gè)人人脈和職業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的規(guī)模以及研究人員自身對(duì)項(xiàng)目的推動(dòng)程度。8.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Thatistheconclusionofanewstudythatlookedathowrespiratoryvirusesspreadonairplanes.【分析】本句主干是“Thatistheconclusionofanewstudy…”。其后that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句修飾anewstudy，該從句中，howrespiratoryvirusesspreadonairplanes是賓語從句，作lookedat的賓語。【譯文】這是一項(xiàng)新研究的結(jié)論，該研究關(guān)注的是呼吸道病毒如何在飛機(jī)上傳播。9.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Researchersfoundthatonlypeoplewhowereseatedinthesamerowasapassengerwiththeflu,forexample—oronerowinfrontoforbehindthatindividual—hadahighriskofcatchingtheillness.【分析】本句主干是“Researchersfound…”。其后是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作found的賓語。該從句中，主干是“onlypeople…h(huán)adahighriskofcatchingtheillness”，who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句修飾主語people。破折號(hào)中間的內(nèi)容oronerowinfrontoforbehindthatindividual進(jìn)一步解釋說明乘客坐的位置?！咀g文】研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，例如，只有和流感乘客坐在同一排的人——或者他前一排或后一排的人——被傳染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很高。10.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Theresearchersfoundthatpassengerssittingwithintwoseatsoneithersideofapersoninfectedwiththeflu,aswellasthosesittingonerowinfrontoforbehindthisindividual,hadaboutan80percentchanceofgettingsick.【分析】本句主干是“Theresearchersfound…”。其后是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作found的賓語。該從句中，主干是“passengers…aswellasthose…h(huán)adaboutan80percentchanceofgettingsick”，兩個(gè)sitting的現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，分別修飾passengers和those，其中those指代上文出現(xiàn)的passengers?！咀g文】研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，坐在流感病人任何一側(cè)兩個(gè)座位之內(nèi)的乘客，以及坐在此人前一排或后一排的乘客，生病的幾率大約是80%。11.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析

InoneUSstudythatanalysedthehealthdataof50,000peopleoversevenyears,researchersfoundthatthosewhomadebreakfastthelargestmealofthedayweremorelikelytohavealowerbodymassindex(BMI)thanthosewhoatealargelunchordinner.【分析】本句主干是“…researchersfoundthat…”?！皌hatthose…weremorelikelytohavealowerbodymassindex(BMI)thanthose…”是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作found的賓語。在該賓語從句中又包含兩個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，分別修飾兩個(gè)those。InoneUSstudy作狀語，其中又包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾study?！咀g文】在一項(xiàng)分析了七年來五萬人健康數(shù)據(jù)的美國(guó)研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，與吃了大量午餐或晚餐的人相比，那些把早餐作為一天中最大一餐的人更有可能擁有較低的身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)（BMI）。12.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Whattheyfoundwasthatitwasn’tbreakfastitselfthatcausedtheparticipantstoloseweight:itwaschangingtheirnormalroutine.【分析】本句主干是“Whattheyfoundwasthat…”，其中主語是What引導(dǎo)的主語從句，that引導(dǎo)表語從句。在該表語從句中又包含兩個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句itwasn’tbreakfastitselfthatcausedtheparticipantstoloseweight和itwaschangingtheirnormalroutine（其后省略了thatcausedtheparticipantstoloseweight）?！咀g文】他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，并不是早餐本身導(dǎo)致了參與者的體重下降，而是他們?nèi)粘Ｉ罘绞降母淖冊(cè)斐傻摹?3.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Whilethere’snoconclusiveevidenceonexactlywhatweshouldbeeatingandwhen,theconsensusisthatweshouldlistentoourownbodiesandeatwhenwe’rehungry.【分析】本句主干是“…theconsensusisthat…”，其中that引導(dǎo)表語從句。在該表語從句中又包含一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。While引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，其中含有what和when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后省略了weshouldbeeating。【譯文】雖然沒有確鑿的證據(jù)表明我們到底應(yīng)該吃什么以及什么時(shí)候吃，但人們的共識(shí)是，我們應(yīng)該傾聽自己的身體，在感覺餓的時(shí)候吃東西。14.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Thisconnectionhappensnotonlybymeansofcollaborativedevelopment,reviewandtesting,butalsoatconferenceswherefacultyregularlydecideontheirtextbooksandcurriculaforthecomingyear.【分析】本句主干是“Thisconnectionhappens…”,其后bymeansofcollaborativedevelopment,reviewandtesting是方式狀語，atconferences是地點(diǎn)狀語，wherefacultyregularlydecideontheirtextbooksandcurriculaforthecomingyear是限制性定語從句，修飾conferences?！咀g文】這種聯(lián)系不僅僅是通過協(xié)作開發(fā)、審查和測(cè)試得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，更是在教職人員通常召開的決定來年使用何種教材、開設(shè)何種課程的會(huì)議上體現(xiàn)出來。15.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Highlighting,Post-Itnotes,dog-earsandothertechniquesallowforfurthercustomizationthatstudentsvalueinprintbooksoverdigitalformsofbooks.

【分析】本句主干是“Highlighting,Post-Itnotes,dog-earsandothertechniquesallowforfurthercustomization…”,其后thatstudentsvalueinprintbooksoverdigitalformsofbooks是限制性定語從句，修飾customization。【譯文】學(xué)生們可以通過劃重點(diǎn)、貼備注、折書角以及其他方法進(jìn)一步定制自己的課本，這正是學(xué)生們喜歡印刷書籍多過電子書籍的地方。16.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Theslugscanmanufacturechlorophyll,thegreenpigmentinplantsthatcapturesenergyfromsunlight,andholdthesegeneswithintheirbody.【分析】本句主干是“Theslugscanmanufacturechlorophyll…andholdthesegenes…”。thegreenpigmentinplants是chlorophyll的同位語，thatcapturesenergyfromsunlight是限制性定語從句，修飾thegreenpigment；withintheirbody是地點(diǎn)狀語?！咀g文】海蛞蝓能夠制造葉綠素，即植物體內(nèi)可以從陽光中捕獲能量的綠色色素，并且可以把這種基因保存在體內(nèi)。17.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Theslugscanmanufacturechlorophyll,thegreenpigmentinplantsthatcapturesenergyfromsunlight,andholdthesegeneswithintheirbody.【分析】本句主干是“Theslugscanmanufacturechlorophyll…andholdthesegenes…”。thegreenpigmentinplants是chlorophyll的同位語，thatcapturesenergyfromsunlight是限制性定語從句，修飾thegreenpigment；withintheirbody是地點(diǎn)狀語?！咀g文】海蛞蝓能夠制造葉綠素，即植物體內(nèi)可以從陽光中捕獲能量的綠色色素，并且可以把這種基因保存在體內(nèi)。18.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Theloweroxygenpressurefoundinanaircraftcabinisequivalenttothatat6,000-8,000feetofaltitude.【分析】本句主干是“Theloweroxygenpressure…isequivalenttothatat6,000-8,000feetofaltitude”。foundinanaircraftcabin是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾oxygenpressure，that指代oxygenpressure?！咀g文】飛機(jī)機(jī)艙內(nèi)更低的氧氣壓相當(dāng)于海拔6,000至8,000英尺的氣壓。19.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析Unlessyou’resittingnexttosomeonewhoiscoughingorsneezing,youshouldn’tworrytoomuchaboutgettingsick.【分析】本句主干是“…youshouldn’tworrytoomuchaboutgettingsick”。句首Unless引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句修飾someone?！咀g文】除非你坐在咳嗽或打噴嚏的人旁邊，否則你不用太擔(dān)心會(huì)生病。20.四級(jí)真題長(zhǎng)難句分析

“What’shappenedisthatourfocusoncreatingthatqualityoflifefirsthasenabledtheresidentstolivehere