圖書館管理ILibraryManagementI課件

StrategicPlanningPurpose

長遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃目的Setsthedirectionoforganizationforthefuture為一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)定未來方向Developsstrategiestoachieveorganizationalvision,mission,andvalues為實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)構(gòu)的使命和價(jià)值制定發(fā)展策略Makesdecisionsaboutresourceallocationtoreachfuturegoals為實(shí)現(xiàn)未來目標(biāo)決定資源分配StepsinStrategicPlanningProcess

長遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃步驟DefineVision,MissionandValues闡述展望、使命和觀念A(yù)nalyzethecurrentsituation,includingorganizationalstrengths,weaknesses,opportunitiesandthreats(SWOT).分析現(xiàn)狀，包括機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢、弱勢、面臨的機(jī)會(huì)和挑戰(zhàn)Definegoalstoclosethegapbetweenthecurrentorganizationalstateandthedesiredfuture擬定目標(biāo)以縮小現(xiàn)狀和未來想達(dá)到狀況的差距Formulatestrategies(specificobjectives)relatedtoeachofthegoalstomovetowarddesiredfuture針對(duì)每一目標(biāo)制定具體的策略(實(shí)施計(jì)劃)Implementtheagreeduponstrategies實(shí)施策略Conductongoingassessmentoftheeffectivenessofimplementationprocessandinitiatechangesasnecessary對(duì)策略的實(shí)施效果進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)評(píng)估，并按實(shí)際需要調(diào)整策略Reviewandrevisestrategicplanatleastonceayear至少一年一次回顧和修改長遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃Vision,Mission,Values

展望.使命.觀念Vision–statementofintendedfuture-thefundamentaldirectionoftheorganization展望–對(duì)未來的構(gòu)想–機(jī)構(gòu)的基本未來方向Mission–describesreasonorganizationexists,themajorpurposeoftheorganization使命–闡述機(jī)構(gòu)存在的原因和主要目的Values–keybeliefssharedbyorganizationalmembers.Needstoreflectorganizationalcultureandpriorities觀念–機(jī)構(gòu)成員共享的主要信念。需要反映機(jī)構(gòu)文化和優(yōu)先考慮的事項(xiàng)UNESCOPublicLibraryManifesto

聯(lián)合國教科文組織公共圖書館宣言Vision–“Thepubliclibrary,thelocalgatewaytoknowledge,providesabasicconditionforlifelonglearning,independentdecision-makingandculturaldevelopmentoftheindividualandsocialgroups.”展望–“公共圖書館是各地通向知識(shí)之門，為個(gè)人和社會(huì)群體終身學(xué)習(xí)、獨(dú)立決策和文化發(fā)展提供了基本條件。”Mission–“Thepubliclibraryisthelocalcentreofinformation,makingallkindsofknowledgeandinformationreadilyavailabletousers.”使命–“公共圖書館是各地的信息中心，用戶隨時(shí)可以得到各種知識(shí)與信息?！?webworld/libraries/manifestos/libraman.html中文：/webworld/libraries/manifestos/libraman_ch.pdfUNESCOSchoolLibraryManifesto

聯(lián)合國教科文組織學(xué)校圖書館宣言Vision–“Librariansandteachersworktogether,studentsachievehigherlevelsofliteracy,reading,learning,problem-solvingandinformationandcommunicationtechnologyskills.”展望–“圖書館員和教師密切合作,幫助學(xué)生獲得更高的文化，閱讀，學(xué)習(xí)，解決問題，信息和交流技能。”Mission-“Theschoollibraryofferslearningservices,booksandresourcesthatenableallmembersoftheschoolcommunitytobecomecriticalthinkersandeffectiveusersofinformationinallformatsandmedia.”使命-“學(xué)校圖書館提供學(xué)習(xí)服務(wù)和圖書資源以幫助學(xué)校成員成為有判斷力的思想者，幫助他們有效利用圖書館各種形式的信息資源?！?webworld/libraries/manifestos/school_manifesto.html

Values觀念SampleSchoolLibraryValues(inUSA)典型的美國學(xué)校圖書館觀念Readingisthekeytolearning,personalgrowth,andenjoyment閱讀是學(xué)習(xí)，個(gè)人成長和娛樂的關(guān)鍵技能Informationliteracyisessentialtoourstudents’futuresuccess信息技能對(duì)學(xué)生的未來成功起著必不可少的作用Allstudentsdeserveaccesstobooksandinformationresources所有學(xué)生都應(yīng)獲取圖書和信息資源Allstudentscanachievetheirpotential所有學(xué)生都能發(fā)揮最大潛能Treateveryonewiththesamerespectaswetreatourselves尊重別人像對(duì)自己一樣Studentshaveavoice尊重學(xué)生的意見AdaptedfromCommonBeliefssectionofAASL’sStandardsforthe21stCenturyLearner:/ala/mgrps/divs/aasl/guidelinesandstandards/learningstandards/AASL_LearningStandards.pdfAnalyzingtheCurrentSituation

分析現(xiàn)狀Preparebackgroundinformationbyreviewingpolitical,economic,technologicalandsocialinternalandexternalorganizationalfactorsthatimpactupontheorganization.準(zhǔn)備背景信息，查看政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)和社會(huì)等對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)造成影響的內(nèi)部和外部因素Canyouprovidesomeexamplesforeachofthesecategories?你能對(duì)如下類別舉一些例子嗎?Political政治因素Economic經(jīng)濟(jì)因素Social社會(huì)因素Technological技術(shù)因素AnalyzingStrengthsandWeaknesses

分析優(yōu)勢和弱勢Needtoknowyourinternalandexternalorganizationalenvironmentinordertodoplanning需要了解機(jī)構(gòu)的內(nèi)部和外部環(huán)境以便作計(jì)劃Strengths–internalorganizationalconditionshelpfulinreachingtheintendedfuture內(nèi)部優(yōu)勢–機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的條件Weaknesses–internalorganizationalconditionsthatwillmakeitdifficulttoreachtheintendedfuture內(nèi)部弱勢–機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部不利于實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的條件Opportunities–externalconditionshelpfulinreachingtheintendedfuture外部機(jī)會(huì)–機(jī)構(gòu)外部有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的條件Threats–externalconditionsthatwillmakeitdifficulttoreachtheintendedfuture外部挑戰(zhàn)–機(jī)構(gòu)外部不利于實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的條件SampleSWOTChart–SchoolLibrary

SWOT表例–學(xué)校圖書館Strengths內(nèi)部優(yōu)勢●Studentaccesstoonlinecatalogandinternet學(xué)生可使用聯(lián)機(jī)目錄和上網(wǎng)●Recentlyimprovedcollections剛改善的館藏●Networkofbranch(satellite)librarystations與圖書館分館(衛(wèi)星站)聯(lián)網(wǎng)●FinancialsupportfromSchoolAdministration學(xué)校管理部門的財(cái)政支持●Dedicatedlibrarystaff盡職的圖書館工作人員●Libraryopenduringalllunchperiodsandduringafterschoolhours圖書館在午休和放學(xué)后開放Weaknesses內(nèi)部弱勢●Onlyonepublicinternetstationinlibrary館內(nèi)只有一臺(tái)公用聯(lián)網(wǎng)電腦●Limitedcollaborationwithclassroomteachers與學(xué)校教師合作有限●Lackoftrainingforlibrarystafftoupdateskills缺少對(duì)館工作人員的培訓(xùn)●Limitedcirculationofcollectionstostudentsandcommunitymembers對(duì)學(xué)生和社區(qū)成員館藏流通量有限●Nolibraryplanforfuturewithmission,goals,andobjectives沒有擬定圖書館的使命、未來目標(biāo)和實(shí)施計(jì)劃Opportunities外部機(jī)會(huì)●Hireteacherwithlibrariancredentialtotrainstaffandprovideleadershipforfutureplan邀請(qǐng)有館員學(xué)歷的老師給員工培訓(xùn)及作未來計(jì)劃●Alignlibraryprogramwithschoolmission館內(nèi)項(xiàng)目和學(xué)校的任務(wù)密切相關(guān)●Developclassroominformationliteracyandcriticalthinkingassignmentsincollaborationwithclassroomteachers與教師合作，給學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)課堂信息技術(shù)和運(yùn)用判斷力的作業(yè)●InitiateLibraryAdvisoryBoard建立圖書館顧問委員會(huì)Threats外部挑戰(zhàn)●Limitedfinancialresources有限的財(cái)政資源●Lackofschoolcommitmenttohiringqualifiedlibrarian學(xué)校沒有雇用合格的圖書館工作人員●Lackofconsensusonbestfutureplanandroleforlibraryinmeetingschoolmission對(duì)圖書館在學(xué)校的角色和未來發(fā)展計(jì)劃沒有共識(shí)●Classroomteachersreluctanttoutilizelibraryassignmentsinfavoroftestpreparation學(xué)校老師側(cè)重考試，不愿讓學(xué)生過多使用圖書館Exercise–SWOTforyourLibrary

練習(xí)–你的圖書館的SWOTForyourlibrary,pleaselistone:請(qǐng)列出你的圖書館的：Strength_______________________Weakness______________________Opportunity_____________________Threat_________________________內(nèi)部優(yōu)勢_______________________內(nèi)部弱勢______________________外部機(jī)會(huì)_____________________外部挑戰(zhàn)_________________________Generally,StrengthsandWeaknessesarefactorsINTERNALtotheorganizationandOpportunitiesandThreatsarefactorsEXTERNALtotheorganizationDefiningGoals擬定目標(biāo)Goals–relativelyfewinnumber;generalstatementsrelatedtothepurposeoftheorganization.Serveasstatementsofintendedfuturefororganization.目標(biāo)–相對(duì)數(shù)量較少;是對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)目的和未來發(fā)展的一般陳述。Processofanalysisofstrengths,weaknesses,opportunities,andthreatsshouldinvolvediscussionswiththeschoolleadershipandteachersincaseofaschoolandcommunityleadersincaseofacommunitylibrary.分析內(nèi)部優(yōu)勢弱勢和外部機(jī)會(huì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)應(yīng)和學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和老師討論(或如果是社區(qū)圖書館，則與社區(qū)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)討論)Thelibrary’sprimarycommunityperspectivesarekeyinsettinganddetermininggoals圖書館的主要服務(wù)對(duì)象是擬定目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵ExampleGoalsfromUNESCOSchoolLibraryManifesto

聯(lián)合國教科文組織學(xué)校圖書館宣言目標(biāo)舉例Supportingandenhancingeducationalgoalsasoutlinedintheschool’smissionandcurriculum;支持和增強(qiáng)在學(xué)校任務(wù)和課程中列出的教育目標(biāo);Developingandsustaininginchildrenthehabitandenjoymentofreadingandlearning,andtheuseoflibrariesthroughouttheirlives;發(fā)展和持續(xù)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的閱讀、學(xué)習(xí)和使用圖書館的習(xí)慣；Supportingallstudentsinlearningandpractisingskillsforevaluatingandusinginformation,regardlessofform,formatormedium,includingsensitivitytothemodesofcommunicationwithinthecommunity;支持所有學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和使用評(píng)估技術(shù)，以及利用各種信息(不管其形式和媒體)的技巧；Promotingreadingandtheresourcesandservicesoftheschoollibrarytothewholeschoolcommunityandbeyond.向全校師生及外界提倡閱讀，宣傳圖書館的資源和服務(wù)DevelopingObjectivesforEachGoal

為每項(xiàng)目標(biāo)制定實(shí)施計(jì)劃Objectivesarespecificactionplansformeetingeachgoal.Shouldbestrategiestoclosethegapbetweenpresentstatusanddesiredfuturefororganization實(shí)施計(jì)劃是為達(dá)到目標(biāo)的詳細(xì)的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。實(shí)施策略應(yīng)縮短機(jī)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀和未來期望的差距ObjectivesshouldbeSMART實(shí)施計(jì)劃應(yīng)當(dāng)是SMART：

-Specific詳細(xì)的

-Measurable可測量的

-Achievable可完成的

-Realistic實(shí)際的

-Timely 即時(shí)的SampleObjectiveforaUNESCO-GoalforSchoolLibrary

聯(lián)合國教科文組織學(xué)校圖書館-目標(biāo)的實(shí)施計(jì)劃舉例Goal:Promotingreadingandtheresourcesandservicesoftheschoollibrarytothewholeschoolcommunityandbeyond.目標(biāo):向全校師生及外界提倡閱讀，宣傳圖書館的資源和服務(wù)Objective1:Developandpresentfourauthorprogramsthatpromoteinterestinreadingintheschoolandbroadercommunityduringthe2009/2010year.實(shí)施計(jì)劃1:在2009/2010年度，舉行4次作家講座以激發(fā)在校生和社區(qū)的閱讀興趣.Specific=fourauthorprograms詳細(xì)的=4次作家講座Measurable=feedbacksurveyformtoevaluatevalueofprogramsbyallparticipants可測量的=收集反饋表以評(píng)估講座效果Achievable=calculateresourcesandbudgetrequired可完成的=計(jì)算所需資源和成本Realistic=determinewhetherresourcesareavailabletopresentfourprograms實(shí)際的=決定資源是否可獲取Timely=during2009/2010year即時(shí)的=2009/2010年度Couldyouimproveuponthisobjective?你能改善此實(shí)施計(jì)劃嗎?ImplementationofStrategicPlan

實(shí)施計(jì)劃Foreachobjective,listspecifictasks,personresponsible,resourcesthatwillberequired,andhowlevelofsuccessinmeetingtheobjectivewillbemeasured每項(xiàng)計(jì)劃列出詳細(xì)的任務(wù)、負(fù)責(zé)人、所需資源及如何評(píng)估Foreachobjective,developchartwithfollowingcolumns對(duì)每項(xiàng)計(jì)劃作一張含下列項(xiàng)目的表：Objective目標(biāo)SpecificTasks詳細(xì)任務(wù)Responsibleperson負(fù)責(zé)人Resourcerequirements所需資源Timeline時(shí)間期限Measurementplan評(píng)估方法ExampleMeasurementPlan

評(píng)估方法舉例Goal:Promotingreadingandtheresourcesandservicesoftheschoollibrarytothewholeschoolcommunityandbeyond.目標(biāo):向全校師生及外界提倡閱讀，宣傳圖書館的資源和服務(wù)Objective1:Developandpresentfourauthorprogramsthatpromoteinterestinreadingintheschoolandbroadercommunityduringthe2009/2010year.實(shí)施計(jì)劃1:在2009/2010年度，舉行4次作家講座以激發(fā)在校生和社區(qū)的閱讀興趣Measurement:DevelopSurveytobecompletedbyallprogramattendees評(píng)估方法：設(shè)計(jì)問卷，調(diào)查所有活動(dòng)參加者SampleProgramSurveyforParticipants

活動(dòng)參加者問卷調(diào)查舉例EVALUATIONOFAUTHORPROGRAM作家講座評(píng)估Howdidyouhearabouttheprogram?你從哪里知道此講座信息的?Whatcausedyoutoparticipateintheprogram?你參加講座的原因?Pleasetelluswhatyouenjoyedmostabouttheprogram:你對(duì)講座最感興趣的部分是什么？Whatdidyoulearnthatwasnewabouttheauthor?你學(xué)到什么新的東西？Ifyouhadbeenplanningtheprogram,whatchangeswouldyoumake?如果由您來計(jì)劃這個(gè)活動(dòng)，你將作什么樣的修改？Pleaseratetheoverallvalueoftheprograminpromotinginterestinreadinginthecommunity:請(qǐng)給此提倡社區(qū)閱讀的活動(dòng)打分：____veryvaluable____somewhatvaluable____notatallvaluable____非常有價(jià)值____有價(jià)值____沒有價(jià)值Whatsuggestionsdoyouhaveforfutureprograms?你對(duì)未來的活動(dòng)有何建議？NOTES:Tobeadministeredimmediatelyaftertheconclusionoftheprogram.注：講座結(jié)束時(shí)立即實(shí)施SevenStepModelforDevelopingandEvaluatingObjectives

發(fā)展和評(píng)估實(shí)施計(jì)劃的七步驟模式Identifytheproblemthatneedsattention確定需解決的問題Define