2022年全國卷高考英語模擬試題卷無聽力含答案6

2022年全國卷高考英語模擬試題卷無聽力

班級:姓名：座號：

評卷人得分_

一、閱讀理解（共15題，每題2分，共30分）

Signsofaglobaleconomicrecoveryareglimmering,butaretheyenoughto

accountfortakingamajorvacation?Well,theworldisalwaysbiggerthanourwallets.

Oneofthesimplestoptionsistofindaplacethathasalottoofferbuthasn't

yetbeenhitbythepriceinflationthatcomeswithmasspopularity.Tohelptravelers

insearchofvalue,we'veassembled,withthehelpofprofessionalsfromUSAToday,

CNNandLonelyPlanet,alistofdestinationsthatareworthgoingtowhilethey,re

stillcheap.

Ukraine

Itsnametranslatesas〃landontheedge”,andthisyearUkrainemaybeonthe

edgeofdiscoveryforbudgettravelersinsearchofrichhistory.Visitorscanenjoy

itsculturalwealth,thewarmthofitspeopleandthefactthattheirdailyspending

isbelow$50(307yuan).

Thecountry'sUNESCOWorldHeritageSitesarecooperatingwithlocalstooffer

specialdeals,suchasatraditionalmealforjustafewdollars.It'sthekind

oftravelexperienceyouwillrecalloncethemoment,haspassed,sonowisthetime

tobuildthosememories.

SouthKorea

SouthKoreaisavisitor-friendlycountry.Notonlycanbudgettravelersfind

thebasics—fromhotelroomstogreatmeals一atreasonableprices,butthecountry

alsohasatonoffreeparks,discountsandotherfreeservices,especiallyfor

visitors.Forinstance,untilAugust25,afreeshuttlebustransportsforeign

visitorsbetweenthecapitalcityofSeoulandJeonju,apopulartouristdestination.

Afreephoneserviceofferstouristsmultilingualassistance24hoursaday.

Turkey

Turkeyisontherise,sotogetthebestofthenewatthepriceoftheold,

gonow.Inthelastdecade,thecountryJstourismfacilitieshavegrownby67percent,

accordingtoUSAToday,andmorerecentlyithasemergedasaglobalairlinehub.

Thiscountryofancientruins,historictownsandbeckoningbeachesisadestination

towatchthissummer.

Egypt

PopularresortareasinEgypt,likeSharmElSheikh,areasrelaxingastheyever

were—andalsolessstressfulforyourwallet."Theoverallsentimentisthatresort

areaslikeSharmElSheikhareverysafe,〃saidTonyCardoza,presidentofaUStravel

agency,inaninterviewwithCNN."Butmostvacationersappeartoprefertraveling

toplacesthathaven'tseenasmuchcivilunrest.〃ThatpreferencehasmadeEgypt

abuyer'smarket.Lowdemandalsohasanotherbenefit:smallercrowds."Clients

goingnowhavebeenabletogetpicturesofthemselvesinfrontofthepyramidswith

noothertouristsblockingtheview,，zCardozasaid.

1.WhatcanSouthKoreaespeciallyprovideforthetourists?

A.richhistoryB.freeservicesC.ancientruinsD.freehotels

2.Ifyouareinterestedinhistory,youcangoto.

A.Ukraine&EgyptB.Ukraine&SouthKorea

C.SouthKorea&EgyptD.Turkey&Ukraine

3.WhatistheadvantageofEgypt,comparedtootherthreecountries?

A.lowerpriceB.muchsaferC.fewertouristsD.lessstressful

Plasticbottlesbythesideofaroadareacommonsight,ashamefulreminder

ofhowoftenconsumerproductsarediscardedcarelessly.Nowsomeofthosebottles

maybecomepartoftheroad.TechniSoilIndustrial,acompanyinthenorthern

CaliforniacityofRedding,hasdevelopedaprocessthatassociatesrecycledplastic

withroadreconstruction,aninnovationthatcouldrevolutionizetheindustry.

SeanWeaver,presidentofTechniSoilIndustrial,saysthenew-typeroads

constructedbythecompany?sprocessarestronger,flatter,saferandmore

long-lastingthanthosemadewithregularasphalt（瀝青）.Moreappealingto

environmentalists,theyreusealltheoldasphalt-sparingtheairfromdozens

oftripsmadebytrucksbringinginbuildingmaterials一andprovideanewmarket

forplasticproductsthatcouldotherwiseendupinalandfill.

“EverybodythatJslookedatitsaysthiswillbeoneofthemosttransformative

road-constructiontechnologiesever,〃Weaversaid.〃We'rerecyclingwhatsthere,

andwe'redeliveringaroadthat,sbetterthantheoriginal,atnohighercost

thanitwouldcostyoutorehabilitate（修復(fù)）thatroadthetraditionalway.”

Theprocessinvolvesfourlargeconstructionvehicleslinkedtogetherinwhat's

calleda,,recyclingtrain”,whichdigsupthetop3inchesofasphaltonaroad,

breaksitonamillandmixesitwithTechniSoilJsG5glue,containingfrom2%to

20%ofliquidplastic.Themixedproductisdepositedbackontheroad,pavedand

rolledover.There'snoheatinvolvedintheoperation,whichsubstitutesastronger

plasticcomposite（混合物）forthetraditionalglue.Theothermaterials,suchas

rockpieces,sandandfiller,remaininplace.

Weaversaidhiscompanyistheonlyonethatrecyclestheentiretyoftheasphalt

-typicallyonlyuptohalfisreused-whichmakesthenewtechnique

cost-effective.

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword〃discarded“inparagraph1mean?

A.Consumed.B.Overused.C.Deserted.D.Wasted.

5.WhatistheadvantageofTechniSoilIndustrialJsnewprocess?

A.Revolutionizingtheplasticindustry.

B.Beingenvironmentallyfriendly.

C.Repairingroadsurfacesmoreeasily.

D.Beingmoreflexibleandeffective.

6.Howdoesplasticworkinreconstructingaroad?

A.Itfunctionsasgluetobondbuildingmaterials.

B.Ithelpsreconstructtheroadinatraditionalway.

C.Itisusedtoreplacetheasphaltontheroad.

D.Itisprocessedtomakeasphaltfortheroad.

7.WhatdoweknowaboutTechniSoilIndustrial?

A.Itisaimedatlimitingtheuseofplastics.

B.Itmakesrecyclingtrainsforconstructionfirms.

C.Ithassetupanewbusinessintheplasticindustry.

D.Ittakestheleadinrecyclingthewholeofasphalt.

Areyousickofgoingtobedlateandwakinguptired?Thengrabyourhiking

bootsandatent.Anewstudysuggeststhatcampinginthegreatoutdoorsforacouple

ofdayscanresetyourbodyclockandhelpyougetmoresleep.

Thebodyclockisaninternalsystemthattellsourbodieswhenit'stimeto

gotosleepandwhenit'stimetowakeup.Scientiststrackthisclockbymeasuring

theamountofmelatonin（褪黑激素）circulatinginaperson'sbloodatanygiventime.

Inahealthysleeper,melatoninlevelsriseafewhoursbeforebedtime,stay

highthroughthenight,andthensettlebackdownwhenit'stimetowakeup.

Inourmodernsociety,however,mostofusstayupmanyhourspastsunsetand

wouldprobablysleepinmanyhoursaftersunriseifwecould.Andthetroubleis

thatyourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhenyouralarmclockgoesoffinthe

morning,whichleadstofatigue.Itmayalsohaveotherhealthconsequencesaswell,

suchasdiabetes（糖尿?。?，overweightandheartdisease.

ProfessorKennethP.WrightJr.oftheUniversityofColoradointheUSwanted

toseeifourbodyclockscanberesetbyashortstayinnature.Histeamrecruited（招

募）fourteenphysicallyactivevolunteersintheir20sand30s.Ninewentonaweekend

campingtrip,whiletheotherfivestayedhome.Attheendoftheweekend,the

researchersreportedthatinjusttwodays,thecampers?bodyclocksshiftedso

thattheirmelatoninlevelsbegantorisemorethananhourearlierthantheydid

beforetheywentonthetrip.Bycontrast,thebodyclocksofthegroupthatstayed

homeshiftedevenlateroverthecourseoftheweekend.

“Thistellsuswecanresetourclocksfast,“Wrightsaid.

Therefore,ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatternsyoucouldtrytoincreaseyour

exposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecreasetheamountofartificiallight

youseeatnight.Andifthatdoesn'twork,there'salwayscamping.

8.WhatistheauthorJsmainpurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Toexplainhowalackofsleepisbadforourhealth.

B.Toinformusofapossiblewaytoadjustthebodyclock.

C.Toanalyzehowthebodyclockinfluencesoursleepinghabits.

D.Toexplorehowthebodyclockisconnectedwithmelatoninlevels.

9.Theunderlinedword〃fatigue"inParagraph4probablymeans〃〃.

A.tirednessB.excitementC.refreshmentD.pressure

10.WhatdidWright?steamdiscoverfromtheirexperiment?

A.Thebodyclocksofthetwogroupsdidn,tshowmuchdifference.

B.Thebodyclocksofthosewhostayedathomeremainedthesame.

C.Thosestayingoutdoorsresettheclockinsidetheirbodiesoverashortperiod.

D.Changestothebodyclockdon,tnecessarilyaffectmelatonin

levelsinourbodies.

11.Accordingtothepassage,tochangeoursleepinghabits,we'dbetter.

A.setanalarmclocktowakeusupontimeinthemorning

B.trytoreducemelatoninlevelsasmuchaspossibleatnight

C.spendseveralweeksstayingintheopenaireverynowandthen

D.getexposedtomorenaturallightinthedaybutlessartificiallightatnight

Theyareoneofthebestrugbyteamsintheworld.TheplayersoftheAllBlacks,

NewZealandJsnationalrugbyteam,arestrong,smartandfast.But,infact,they

winmanyoftheirgamesbeforethefirstwhistleevenblows.

Beforethegame,duringwarm-ups,theAllBlacksplayersgatherinasemicircle.

Theystandwiththeircaptaininfrontofthemandbegintodance.Theyhittheir

armsagainsttheirlegs.Theylifttheirfeetintotheairandslamthemintothe

ground.Theystickouttheirtonguesandshowthewhitesoftheireyes.Theyshout

ancientwordsandevenscream.Youmaythinkthey'recrazy.Andthatisjustwhat

theywantyoutothink.

Therugbyplayersperformthehaka,whichisatraditionalMaori（毛利人）dance.

TheMaorisarethenativepeopleofNewZealandandthisdancehasbeenusedasa

wardancesincethe19thcentury.

Warriorsoriginallyperformedthewardancebeforebattlestoshowofftheir

strengthinordertointimidatetheenemy.Rugbyisaviolentgamethatmanyfans

havecomparedtowar.Whatbetterwayistheretogetexcitedbeforethegamethan

doingawardance?

The19thcenturyFrenchtheoristErnestRenan,oneofthefirstrealtheorists

wholookedintotheideaofnationalism,describedthe"nation"as"large-scale

togetherness,madeupofthefeelingofsacrificesthatonehasmadeinthepast

andofthosethatoneispreparedtomakeinthefuture”.

AndNewZealandJshakaisoneoftheworld'smostperfectactsofnationalism.

“Thehaka,initsintensity,reflectsitall:first,thesolidarity（團結(jié)）ofwarriors

-bothofMaorisandnon-Maorisbackgrounds-fightingforacommonfuture.And

thenarecognitionofthealmostsacredpast,〃TheWashingtonPostnoted.

TodayinNewZealand,thehakaisstillperformedatmanydifferentgatheringsand

celebrations,aconnectiontoMaoriancestorsthathascontinueddespite

colonization.

12.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Maoripeople,nativeNewZealanders.

B.ThepopularityofrugbyinNewZealand.

C.AtraditionaldancegoesontodayinNewZealand.

D.Themagicofwarm-upsbeforerugbymatchesinNewZealand.

13.Theunderlinedword"intimidate"inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto

A.threatenB.dissatisfyC.amazeD.revenge

14.WhydotheAllBlacksplayersperformthehakabeforearugbymatchstarts?

A.Becausetheyarecrazy.

B.Becausetheywanttopleasetheirfans.

C.Becauseitcanletthembeinhighspirits.

D.Becauseitisatraditionpassedfromtheirancestors.

15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthehakafromthepassage?

A.ThehakaisonlyperformedbeforerugbymatchesinNewZealand.

B.ThehakaisagoodwaytoshownationalisminNewZealand.

C.Thehakaisasymboloffightinginthepastandfuture.

D.ThehakahashelpedtheNewZealand'snationalrugbyteamwinatal1times.

評卷人得分

二、七選五（共5題，每題2分，共10分）

Readingpoetrycanbechallenging,butlearninghowtocarefullymovethrough

apoemisalsoveryrewarding.16But,byfollowingthetipsbelow,anyonecan

havethedeeplyrewardingexperienceofbeingconnectedwithagreatpoem.

Soundabounds（有許多）.Poetryismadetobeheard.You'reprobablyfamiliarwith

rhymingpoems:rosesarered,violetsareblue...buttherearemanysoundelements

thatpoetsusenotonlytomakethepoemsoundbeautiful,buttoenhancethemeaning

orintentionofapoem.17Whatdoyounoticeabouthowitsounds?Howdoesthe

soundenhanceanoveralltheme,mood,ormessage?

18Manypoemsmayusewordsorsomethingsinhistorythatmaybeunfamiliar

toyou.Becuriousenoughtolookupallthethingsthatyou'reunfamiliarwith.You

shouldalsogatherinformationaboutthepoets,whatwashappeningintheirlives,

andwhatwasgoingonintheworldaroundthem.Allofthesecanofferessential

contexttobringthepoemstolife.

Analyzethefigurative（比喻的）languageinthepoem.Figurativelanguagecould

bewordsthatarerepeatedofteninthepoemorwordsthatrhymeineachstanza（節(jié)）.To

getmoreintothefigurativemeaningofthepoem,youshouldlookathowthepoet

usesliterarydeviceslikemetaphor,simile,andimagery.19

Finally,youdon'thavetounderstandittoengagewithitandenjoyit.If

youlikethewayapoemsoundswhenyoureaditaloud,butdon'tknowwhatit〃means”,

that'sOK!20Thegreatthingaboutartisthatitcanhavelotsofdifferent

meaningsorseeminglynomeaningatallandcanstillbeenjoyed.Thesamegoesfor

poetry.

A.Curiositykillstheconfusion.

B.Lookupthewordsyoudonotunderstand.

C.Theyareoftenusedtoadddeepermeaningtothepoem.

D.Maybeitmakessenseinawaythatyoucan,tnecessarilyexpress.

E.Onceyoufindapoemthatinterestsyou,readitoutloudseveraltimes.

F.Youshouldalsopayattentiontohowthepoetopensandclosesthepoem.

G.Unlikepaintingandmusic,poetryrequiresalittleextraefforttoharvestits

fulleffects.

評卷人得分

三、完形填空（共20題，每題1.5分，共30分）

WenningertookthehardwaytoclimbQomolangma-theworld,stallestpeak.

21hikeitup,hedecidedtoclimbasanon-nativeQomolangmaporter（搬運工），

whichmeant22packsweighingupto220poundsalongrough,highaltitudetrails

（小路）.

Wenningercameupwithsucha（n）23afterspendingaseasonasaguidein

Nepal,andbecoming24bylifeoftheseporters.〃Mygoalwastohavethesame

experience,/zheexplains.

Thephysicalandemotional25ofthejobislaid26asMenningeris

filmedstrugglingwithapackconsistingofmultiplebagstiedtogether,27

tryingtosleepatnightincrowdedfreezingporterhouses.

Atypicalday28wakingupataround7:30amandgoingtotheclient'shotel

to29theirbagsandbeginningtotrek（長途跋涉）.Portershaveto30for

theirownaccommodationduringtreks.Someevenregularlygowithout31tokeep

costsdown.Astheyaren,t32untilthelastday,theyhavenoideawhether

thetrekhasbeeneconomicallyworthwhileuntilthey've33it.

Lifeisnever34forthem.Lastyear'sclimbingseasonwasoneof

Qomolangma'sdeadliestclimbingseasons,largely35difficultweather

conditions,andlackofexperience.36theproblemsisalackofcommunication

betweentheportersandtheirmostlywealthyclients.

Withhisfilmshotduringthistoughtrek,Menningerwishesmorewere37

ofhowmuchportersrelyontheirlowsalaries,andhowmuchtheycontributetothe

overallQomolangmaexperience.〃38,myfilmcouldencouragethoseportersby

39whatthey'reableto40andhowhardtheywork.z，

21?A.OtherthanB.SimplyC.RatherthanD.Directly

22.A.carryingB.preparingC.mailingD.wrapping

23?A.approachB.conclusionC.suggestionD.idea

24.A.pleasedB.boredC.fascinatedD.disappointed

25?A.paymentB.priceC.enjoymentD.courage

26?A.uncoveredB.messyC.untouchedD.understandable

27.A.butB.orC.whileD.and

28.A.takesB.involvesC.indicatesD.requires

2%A.searchB.collectC.deliverD.repair

3dA.fightB.askC.workD.pay

3LA.mealsB.permissionC.moneyD.limit

32.A.dismissedB.praisedC.tippedD.satisfied

33.A.climbedB.experiencedC.reachedD.completed

34?A.easyB.challengingC.encouragingD.tough

35?A.focusingonB.owingtoC.dependingonD.leadingto

36?A.RespondingtoB.BringingaboutC.GettingridofD.Addingto

37?A.awareB.informedC.warnedD.sure

38?A.JoyfullyB.UnfortunatelyC.GenerallyD.Hopefully

3%A.examiningB.claimingC.showingD.announcing

40?A.understandB.bearC.complainD.imagine

第n卷（非選擇題）

請點擊修改第II卷的文字說明

評卷人得分

四、語法填空（共10題，每題L5分，共15分）

Jonny:Hey!I'mjustpracticingTaiChi(太極).Wouldyouliketojoinme?

Peter:Iknownothingaboutit.Isitdifficult?

Jonny:Itseemseasy,butyouneedalotofpractice.Youjustfollowmelikethis.

Peter:OK.Don,tlaugh41me.Imaylookfunny.

Jonny:Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyourarmsliketreebranches,naturally

and42(soft).Trytokeepyourbodystraight.Moveslowly,thenbesuretokeep

yourbalanceanddon,tletyourbodyshake.

Peter:Icannotcontrolmybodywell.Mylegsbecome43(pain).

Jonny:Keep44(hold)yourpositionforawhile.Ithelpsdevelopyourstrength

andflexibility.Raiseyourlegandlet45stayintheairforseconds.

Peter:Ifeelmylegsshaking.Icannotdothisanylonger.

Jonny:Bepatient!TaiChi46(call)ushadowboxing”inEnglish.Itasksyou

toactlikewater:tobeflexibleaswell47strong.Inrealcompetition,aTai

Chimasterborrowsthestrengthofthecompetitorandusesthisenergytofightback.

The48(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.Hecontrols

you!

Peter:Unbelievable!Oh...,49youdon'tmind,I'11stopandtakeadeep

50.

評卷人得分

五、短文改錯（共1題，每題10分，共10分）

51.Thepupi1ispreparingtheexamwhilehismotherispreparingsupper.

評卷人得分

六、書面表達（共1題，每題25分，共25分）

52.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華,你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國文化

感興趣，計劃明年來北京上大學(xué)。他向你咨詢相關(guān)信息。請給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示歡迎；

2.推薦他上哪所大學(xué)；

3.建議他做哪些準備工作。

注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50;

2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua

參考答案

1.B

【解析】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)SouthKorea部分的“butthecountryalsohasatonoffree

parks,discountsandotherfreeservices,especiallyforvisitors〃可知，韓國為游

客提供很多免費的服務(wù)。

2.D

【解析】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Ukraine部分第一句中的"forbudgettravelersinsearchof

richhistory〃和Turkey部分的最后一句〃Thiscountryofancientruins,historictowns

andbeckoningbeachesisadestinationtowatchthissummer〃可知，如果對歷史感興

趣，你可以去這兩個國家。

3.C

【解析】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Egypt部分的最后兩句"Lowdemandalsohasanotherbenefit:

smallercrowds.'Clientsgoingnowhavebeenabletogetpicturesofthemselvesin

frontofthepyramidswithnoothertouristsblockingtheview,'Cardozasaid”

可知,現(xiàn)在去參觀金字塔的人很少,所以游客拍照時不會把其他人拍進來。

【備注】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了四處值得一去并且非常便宜的旅游目的地。

4.C

【解析】考查理解詞匯的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的解last的bottlesbythesideofaroad

areacommonsight,ashamefulreminderofhowoftenconsumerproductsarediscarded

carelessly〃可知,路邊的塑料瓶是常見的景象,這是一種不體面的提醒,提醒人們消費品是

多么頻繁地被人們漫不經(jīng)心地丟棄,"discard6d〃的意思為〃丟棄,拋棄〃,desert與其意思相

近。

5.B

【解析】考查推理判斷的能力。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知,這種新的筑路方式對環(huán)保主義者來

說很有吸引力，因為它就地取材,重復(fù)使用舊瀝青,免去了卡車大量運送建筑材料帶來的空氣

污染,也使塑料制品不必被廢棄，由此可知環(huán)保是這種新的筑路方式的一大優(yōu)勢。

6.A

第8頁

【解析】考查推理判斷的能力。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"mixesitwithTechniSoiVsG5glue,

containingfrom2%to20%ofliquidplastic""There'snoheatinvolvedinthe

operation,whichsubstitutesastrongerplasticcomposite（混合物）forthe

traditionalglue”可知，塑料在筑路的過程中作黏合劑用，故選A。

7.D

【解析】考查理解具體信息的能力。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,TechniSoilIndustrial公

司是唯一一家回收利用所有瀝青的公司，通常最多只有一半的瀝青被回收,這使得這項新技

術(shù)具有成本效益,這說明TechniSoilIndustrial公司在回收利用所有瀝青方面處于領(lǐng)先地

位,故選Do

【備注】

【語篇類型】說明文

【主題語境】人與自然一一環(huán)保新創(chuàng)意

【文章大意】加利福尼亞州的一家公司回收利用廢棄塑料瓶，使其充當筑路的黏合劑以取代

傳統(tǒng)的黏合劑瀝青，使筑路更環(huán)保、經(jīng)濟。

【核心素養(yǎng)】本文介紹了加利福尼亞州的一家公司將廢棄塑料瓶用作筑路黏合劑的創(chuàng)意，讓

考生了解環(huán)保新方式,提升考生的環(huán)保意識，同時鼓勵考生積極思考,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新精神。

8.B

【解析】考查目的意圖。通讀全文可知，第一段第三句"Anewstudysuggeststhatcamping

inthegreatoutdoorsforacoupleofdayscanresetyourbodyclockandhelpyou

getmoresleep”為文章主旨句,據(jù)此可知，本文旨在告訴人們,野外宿營幾天可以調(diào)整人們的

生物鐘,讓人們獲得更多的睡眠,故B項正確。

9.A

【解析】考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段中的"Areyousickofgoingtobedlateandwaking

uptired”及第四段第二句"Andthetroubleisthatyourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbe

highwhenyouralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning,whichleadstofatigue”可知,

早晨當你的鬧鐘響時,你體內(nèi)的褪黑激素水平可能還是很高,這會導(dǎo)致疲勞,故畫線詞意為”

疲勞”。

10.C

【解析】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段的"Thistellsuswecanresetourclocksfast”

可知,實驗結(jié)果表明，在自然環(huán)境中人體的生物鐘能快速恢復(fù)。故C項正確。

第9頁

11.D

【解析】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"ifyouwanttochangeyoursleeppatterns

youcouldtrytoincreaseyourexposuretonaturallightduringthedayanddecrease

theamountofartificiallightyouseeatnight”可知,如果要改變睡眠模式，可以通過

白天多接觸自然光、晚上避免接觸人工光源的方式來實現(xiàn),故D項正確。

【備注】本文是一篇科普說明文。生物鐘的作用原理與褪黑激素在人體中的水平變化相關(guān)。

現(xiàn)代社會中人們不按時作息常常導(dǎo)致褪黑激素水平在早晨時還很高,導(dǎo)致疲勞,甚至是糖尿

病、肥胖和心臟病等。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)野外宿營可以讓作息不規(guī)律的人們的生物鐘恢復(fù)正常。

【段意梳理】

第一段:開門見山，給出全文話題一一野外宿營幾天可以調(diào)整人的生物鐘,讓人們獲得

更多的睡眠。

第二段:生物鐘的定義和其與褪黑激素的關(guān)系。

第三段:健康的睡眠過程中褪黑激素水平的變化情況。

第四段:現(xiàn)代社會中人們不按時作息常常導(dǎo)致褪黑激素水平在早晨時還很高,導(dǎo)致疲勞等。

第五段:為了證明生物鐘可以在自然環(huán)境中快速恢復(fù),KennethP.WrightJr.教授做了一個

實驗。

第六段:實驗結(jié)果表明，在自然環(huán)境中人體的生物鐘能快速恢復(fù)。

第七段:結(jié)論和建議一一如果想要改善睡眠，可以在白天多接觸自然光，在晚上避免接觸人工

光源。如果無效，可以野外宿營。

【難句分析】Andthetroubleisthatyourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhen

youralarmclockgoesoffinthemorning,whichleadstofatigue.

分析：這是一個復(fù)合句。句中thatyourmelatoninlevelsmaystillbehighwhenyour

alarmclockgoesoffinthemorning為表語從句；句中whichleadstofatigue為which

引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。

譯文:麻煩的是,早晨當你的鬧鐘響時，你體內(nèi)的褪黑激素水平還是很高,這會導(dǎo)致疲勞。

【背景知識】褪黑素是一種誘導(dǎo)自然睡眠的激素。人體內(nèi)褪黑素的分泌是有晝夜節(jié)律的。夜

幕降臨后，光刺激減弱,合成褪黑素的酶類活性增強，體內(nèi)褪黑素的分泌水平也相應(yīng)增高。

12.C

【解析】考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章關(guān)鍵詞haka可知,本文主要介紹了新西蘭的傳統(tǒng)舞蹈

haka。

第10頁

【干擾項分析】A項表示土生土長的新西蘭人:毛利人,文中提到haka是毛利人的傳統(tǒng)之舞,

主要介紹舞蹈;B項表示橄欖球在新西蘭的盛行,這只是本文的導(dǎo)入;D項表示橄欖球賽前熱

身的魅力所在,并不是文章的主旨。

13.A

【解析】考查詞義猜測。結(jié)合"showofftheirstrength"和"enemy”可推知，intimidate意

為“恐嚇，威脅”。故選A。

【干擾項分析】B項dissatisfy"不滿意"，與enemy不相稱;C項amaze"使驚詫"，與enemy

不相稱;D項revenge"報復(fù)"，一種舞蹈并不能起到這樣的作用。

14.C

【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段的"Whatbetterwayistheretogetexcitedbefore

thegamethandoingawardance”可推知，新西蘭橄欖球隊熱身時跳haka是為了鼓舞士氣。

【干擾項分析】A項只是表面現(xiàn)象，不是目的所在;B項文章中沒有提及;D項錯在盡管這種舞

是一種傳統(tǒng)，但球員跳的真正目的是為比賽鼓舞士氣。

15.B

【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第六段的"AndNewZealand'shakaisoneoftheworld's

mostperfectactsofnationalism...fightingforacommonfuture”可推知，haka這

種舞充分展現(xiàn)了新西蘭的民族精神。

【備注】本文主要介紹了新西蘭的haka,一種能夠展示力量并團結(jié)新西蘭人的傳統(tǒng)舞蹈。

【段意梳理】

第一段:簡單介紹了新西蘭的國家橄欖球隊AllBlacks,

第二段:對AllBlacks的隊員們賽前跳舞的介紹。

第三段:haka舞的淵源。

第四段:隊員們跳這種舞蹈的原因分析。

第五段:理論家對國家主義的解釋。

第六段：《華盛頓郵報》對haka舞所展示的新西蘭精神的總結(jié)和評價。

第七段:haka舞在新西蘭的傳承和現(xiàn)狀。

16.G

【解析】考查上下文銜接?？涨疤岬?讀懂詩是有挑戰(zhàn)性的”，空后語境表示但是,按照下面這

些技巧，任何人都可以體驗到與好詩相聯(lián)系,所以空處講的應(yīng)該還是讀懂詩很難，故G項符合

語境。

第11頁

17.E

【解析】考查上下文銜接。本段的中心句是"Soundabounds（有許多）"，因此E項''一旦你找

到一首感興趣的詩,大聲讀幾遍''符合語境。

18.A

【解析】考查段落主旨句。本段主要講了你要滿懷求知欲，去查閱了解你在閱讀過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)

的不懂的內(nèi)容,所以A項'‘求知欲消滅困惑”適合作本段的主旨句。

19.C

【解析】考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)本段的中心句”分析詩歌中的比喻性語言”，再結(jié)合空前一句

提到的”你應(yīng)該看一下詩人是如何運用文學(xué)手法的，比如暗喻、明喻和意象”可知，空處講的應(yīng)

該是這些文學(xué)手法的作用，故C項符合語境。

20.D

【解析】考查上下文銜接。空前一句提到即使你不知道詩的含義也沒關(guān)系，而空后一句講藝

術(shù)偉大的地方就在于它可以有很多不同的意義,或者看似毫無意義,卻仍然可以被欣賞,所以

D項”可能它的意義只可意會不可言傳”符合語境。

【備注】

語篇類型:說明文

主題語境:人與社會一一賞讀詩歌一一如何與詩歌建立聯(lián)系

語境概述:本文主要介紹了與詩歌建立聯(lián)系的幾個技巧，包括多朗讀、分析詩歌的比喻性的語

言等。

21.C

【解析】考查語境推斷。根據(jù)下文中的"hedecidedtoclimbasanon-nativeQomolangma

porter（搬運工）”可知,Menninger沒有去登山而是決定像當?shù)氐陌徇\工一樣上去。

22.A

【解析】考查常識推斷。根據(jù)常識可知，搬運工是把行李扛上山頂?shù)娜恕?/p>

23.D

【解析】考查邏輯推斷。結(jié)合語境可知,Menninger在尼泊爾當了一季導(dǎo)游之后想出了這個

主意。

第12頁

24.C

【解析】考查語境推斷。根據(jù)下文中的〃Mygoalwastohavethesameexperience〃可

知,Menninger在尼泊爾當導(dǎo)游的時候?qū)Π徇\工的生活極感興趣,也想嘗試同樣的事情。

25.B

【解析】考查語境和常識推斷。根據(jù)下文中的"asMenningerisfilmedstrugglingwitha

packconsistingofmultiplebagstiedtogether〃和常識可知，這份工作的身體上的和情

感上的代價在鏡頭下展現(xiàn)出來了。

26.A

【解析】考查語境推斷。參見上題解析。uncovered〃暴露的,無覆蓋的〃。

27.D

【解析】考查邏輯