初中動詞與動詞短語匯編

￥久久教育j1Uj￥久久教育j1Uj1UjIBD>ru.CGH中小學(xué)個性化輔導(dǎo)專家久久教育輔導(dǎo)講義學(xué)員編號：995503年級：新初三課時進度及課時數(shù)：12學(xué)員姓名：章明曦輔導(dǎo)科目：英語授課教師：張老師課題動詞與動詞短語授課時間：7月30日上午10:00—12:00備課時間：7月26日教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握基本動詞及其短語重點、難點動詞的分類及各種動詞短語考點及考試要求常以選擇題出現(xiàn)，注意背誦及分析教學(xué)內(nèi)容知識要點一、動詞的分類根據(jù)意義和句法作用，英語動詞可分為四類：.行為動詞(實義動詞)①及物動詞(帶賓語)：study,develop;②不及物動詞(不帶賓語)work,swim,go,come③狀態(tài)動詞(相對靜止)contain,exist,own,prefer,belong④動作動詞延續(xù)性(work,stay)；非延續(xù)性(marry,go,come).系動詞①表示人或事物的特征和狀態(tài)：be,feel,look,seem,taste,appear,sound②表示狀態(tài)的變化：turn,go,become,get,fall,grow③表示某種狀態(tài)的延續(xù)或持續(xù)：remain,keep,stay.助動詞(與動詞原形或分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語)：be(am,is,are),do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall.情態(tài)動詞：can(could),may(might),must,shall(should)二、動詞及動詞短語(一)、動詞詞義辨析動詞是是各類考試的重點，高考試題中，單項填空、完形填空和改錯等三項題型中，動詞辨義的比重較大，并逐年增加。動詞辨義主要指：1、形狀相同的動詞之間辨義。如：lie,lay；hanged,hung;rise,raise;sit,seat等。2、意義相近的動詞之間辨義。如：borrow,lend;speak,say,talk;hope,wish等。3、動詞與其它詞形相近、意義相似的詞的辨義。如：advise,advice;cost,worth;pass,past等。4、意義不同，但容易混淆的動詞的辨義。如：explain,say;discover,invent,uncover;find,findout等。5、某些常用動詞的習(xí)慣用法的辨義。如：ask,give,call,make,find,get,keep,want,see,hear等。6、某些常用動詞短語的辨義。如：givein,giveup,turnon,turnoff,turndown,turnup等。易混動詞歸納對比1、lay（放）,lie（躺）與lie（說謊）：這三個易混動詞構(gòu)成見下表：中文原形過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞說明放laylaidlaidlaying及物動詞躺lielaylainlying不及物動詞說謊lieliedliedlying不及物動詞2、rise和raise：rise是不及物動詞，其過去式是rose，過去分詞是risen，而raise是及物動詞，是規(guī)則動詞。（三）動詞短語動詞短語是指動詞和介詞、副詞或名詞的習(xí)慣搭配。有關(guān)動詞短語的測試點主要涉及結(jié)構(gòu)上選用恰當(dāng)?shù)拇钆湓~，不同搭配含意上的辨異及不同短語的辨異。需掌握以下要點：1、根據(jù)動詞短語的不同特點，掌握其運用規(guī)律。（I）動詞+副詞（不及物）Harryturnedupafterthepartywheneveryonehadleft.晚會后，人們都已離去，哈里出現(xiàn)了。（2）動詞+副詞（及物）Pleaseturneverylightinthehouseoff.請把房子里的每一盞燈都關(guān)掉。注意：①如果賓語較長，就應(yīng)避免把副詞同動詞分開。如：Sheturnedoffallthelightswhichhadbeenlefton.她關(guān)掉了所有還在亮著的燈。②如果賓語是人稱代詞，只能放在動詞和副詞之間。如：Shegavethemaway.她送掉了它們。（3）動詞+介詞（及物）I'mlookingformyglasses.我在找我的眼鏡。注意：①當(dāng)它跟賓語時，不能把介詞放在賓語后面。②動詞短語可以放在句子或從句末尾。如：She'sgotmorework￥久久教育wm.￥久久教育wm.j1ujiujibd^u.can中小學(xué)個性化輔導(dǎo)專家thanshecancopewith.她的工作多得使她應(yīng)付不了。(4)動詞+副詞+介詞Ilookforwardtoseeingyousoon.我盼望不久就見到你。注：“動詞+介詞”、“動詞+名詞+副詞”、“動詞+副詞+介詞”，這三種搭配都是及物的，如變成被動語態(tài)，不可漏掉介詞。Inthiswaybothgrainandvegetablecanbewelllookedafter.(不能漏掉after)這樣一來，糧食和蔬菜都能兼顧了。2、熟悉同一動詞和不同介詞或副詞、不同的動詞和同一介詞或同一副詞搭配在意義上的差異。(1)同一動詞和不同介詞搭配時，意義上的差異。如：①hearfrom收到...的來信，hearof聽說。②100kafter照料，lookat看，lookfor尋找。(2)同一動詞和不同副詞搭配時，意義上的差異。如：①ringback回電話,ringoff掛斷電話,ringup打電話②putaway放好,puton穿，上演,putup掛起，舉起。(3)不同動詞和同一介詞搭配時，在意義上的差異。如：lookfor尋找,callfor去取(某物)，去接(某人),askfor請求,waitfor等候,sendfor派人去叫。(4)不同動詞和同一副詞搭配時，在意義上的差異。如：①breakout發(fā)生，爆炸,carryout進行，開展,goout熄滅,handout分發(fā),letout放出,lookout當(dāng)心,sellout賣完,setout出發(fā),takeout取出,workout算出。②breakdown出毛病,comedown落下來,getdown下車,takedown取下,writedown寫下。常見高頻動詞短語總結(jié)breakbreakaway擺脫；逃跑breakdown(機器)出故障；中斷；分解breakinto闖入；打斷；突然中斷breakoff中斷；折斷；突然停止breakout突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā)breakthrough突破；克月服；掙脫而出breakup打碎；中斷；分解breakin破門而入；打斷(談話)；插嘴comecomeabout發(fā)生comeacross偶遇；碰至U；講清楚

comealong進展;成功；一道走comeintoeffect生效comeoff發(fā)生;舉行；成功comeon快點;走吧；有進展comeout出來;結(jié)果是出版comeround/around再現(xiàn)；恢復(fù)知覺；改變看法comethrough經(jīng)歷;獲得成功cometo蘇醒;達到；總數(shù)為comeup發(fā)生;走上前去;（時間）快到comeupto達至U（高度、程度）；符合comeupagainst碰至U（困難）comeupwith趕上提出comeback回來;反駁cometrue變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實gogoalong進展；陪同前往goby時間過去；經(jīng)過;遵守godown下降；下沉；下跌gofor去；選擇；想要；攻擊（用語.言)goinfor從事；愛好；參加（選拔賽、考試等）gointo研究;調(diào)查，從事gooff離開;爆炸；食品變壞;斷電；熄滅;（與副詞連用或用于疑問句）進行；發(fā)生goon繼續(xù)進行；發(fā)生；上場goout離開；熄滅；過時goover瀏覽；仔細查看；檢查；審查gothrough通過；經(jīng)歷（苦難）；仔細檢查goup上升；增長；漲價get￥久久教育wm.￥久久教育wm.j1ujiujibd^u.can中小學(xué)個性化輔導(dǎo)專家?2久久教育*?2久久教育*vrn.jiujiujir口yu.can中小學(xué)個性化輔導(dǎo)專家getthrough瀏覽;翻閱；經(jīng)歷困難（痛苦）；做getin收割；收獲；收集；購買；買進；getover克月服；戰(zhàn)勝；熬過；做完；結(jié)束；geton繼續(xù)；進行；上車getround傳播；散播；說服某人；回避；避getabout四處走動；傳開getacross傳達；使---讓人理解getalong/on(with)進展；相處getdown記下；下來；下車；使…人憂愁getdownto(介詞）開始認真干getback恢復(fù)；回來；收回getout泄露；逃離gettighter聚會；收集putputacross解釋清楚:;使人接受putaside放在一邊；儲i存；保留putaway放好；收好putdown寫下；記下；鎮(zhèn)壓putforward提出；推薦；；把---提前putin伸進；提出；提交；申請，請求putinfor申請；正式要求putoff延期；推遲；關(guān)掉；阻止，妨礙puton穿上；戴上；上演；增加（體重）putout熄滅；關(guān)燈；生產(chǎn)出，出版putup舉起；修建；-提供putupwith忍受；容忍putthrough（把電話）接通；做完；向一傳達，完某事插話主占走完開taketakeafter與--相似

takeaftertakeapart拆卸（機器）takeawaytakedowntakefortakeintakeofftakeontakeone'stimetakeovertaketotakeupturnturndownturnoffturnout拿走；時離開；消除（病痛等）記下來；拆掉（錯）當(dāng)作；（誤）認為吸收；接受；領(lǐng)會；欺騙起飛；匆匆離去；脫下呈現(xiàn)；采納；承擔(dān)，從事不要著急，慢慢地做接收，接管，取代喜歡；養(yǎng)成---的習(xí)慣占據(jù)，占（時間、空間）；開始從事關(guān)小，調(diào)低，拒絕關(guān)上/掉；轉(zhuǎn)向；（使某人感到厭煩）關(guān)（燈）；制造；結(jié)果是；原來是；培養(yǎng)turnover（使）翻轉(zhuǎn)/身；移交；周轉(zhuǎn)；仔細考慮turnto求助于；（使）轉(zhuǎn)向；（把注意力等）轉(zhuǎn)向；翻書到turnup開大；被發(fā)現(xiàn)，被找到；到達；露面隨堂檢測Everyoneofushopedthathewouldafterafewdays'treatmentinthehospital.pickupmakeuptakeuplookupDon'tloseheart.Ifyouworkhard,you'llasuccessfulelectronicengineer.A.turnB.changeC.getD.makeWhyishealwaysforcinghisdaughtertopracticeplayingthepianoifsheisnotforapianist?wantedintendedtrainedtaken4.Withhisbigfleshynose,hehisgrandpa.looksliketakesafterlooksaftertakesforWhenyouaskedmeaboutCynthia,whatwereyou?intendedforreferredtoaimingatmeaningforAcompletelynewsituationwillwhentheexaminationsystemcomesintoexistence.ariseriseraiseliftThere'slittlechancethatmankindwouldanuclearwar.liveexiststaysurviveIdoubtwhetherhecanhiseffortsmuchlongerashelooksverytired.keepupkeeponkeepbackkeepfromItiscertainthathewillhisfather'sbusinesswhenheisexperiencedenough.takeoverthinkoverhandovergooverInthereadingroom,wefoundheratadesk,withherattentiononamagazine.sitting;fixingseated;fixedseated;fixingsitting;beingfixedAlthoughittakesupmuchofhissparetime,Mr.SmithfindsstampcollectingextremelyexcitingencouragingrewardingchallengingThegirl'sfainted.TealongcometolightcometolifecomeintobeingX久久教育1X久久教育1jlujiujiH.D/U.can中小學(xué)個性化輔導(dǎo)專家笠久久教育wm.笠久久教育wm.jiujiujibd^u.can中小學(xué)個性化輔導(dǎo)專家Idonotneedthemoneyandwillforyou,mydearboy,tocompleteyourstudies.pickitupsetitasideputitoffkeepitawayThewatersupplyinthisareawillbefrom8amtodayto8amtomorrow.runoutbrokenoffcutoutcutoffAssoonasthebandstartedplaying,thecrowdsilent.A.changedwenttookappearedRichpeoplecanaffordtowhateverhobbiestheylike.takeupmakeupsaveupputup三、家庭作業(yè)()1.Thereatalltreeandsomechairsatthebackofthiscommunity.A.amB.isC.areD.be()2.—Whatcanyouseetheleftoftheyard?—Asmallgardenandsometalltrees.A.byB.atC.onD.in()3.—Couldyouhelpmethesebookstotheclassroom?—Noproblem.Let’sgo.A.takingB.nottakeC.takeD.takes()4.—：breaddoweneed,Mom?-Twokilos,Ithink.A.HowmanyB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howmuch()5.—Doyouoften_yourparents?—No,seldom.A.writealetterB.writetoC.writestoD.writingto()6.Theoldmanlivesthesecondfloor.Heusuallygoesoutforawalkafterdinner.A.inB.onC.underD.to()7.—Whereistheteacher’sdesk,Kangkang?—Oh,it'stheclassroom.A.inthefrontofB.inthefrontC.infrontD.infrontof()8.AuntLiisn'tathome.Canyouhelpherherbaby?A.looklikeB.lookafterC.lookaroundD.lookfor()9.—WhereisGuangzhou?—Let'sthemapofChina.A.havealookB.havealookatC.lookD.lookafter()10.Judy,don'tputyourkeyshere.,please.A.PutthemawayB.PutupthemC.PutthemupD.Putawaythem11.情景交際。(5分)根據(jù)對話的情景，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a全對話。其中有兩項是多余的。(Intheclassroom)Kangkang:What'soverthere,Jane?Jane:Where?Kangkang:11Jane:Let'sgoandsee.Oh,it'sablackbag.12Kangkang:No,mineisbrown.Ithinkit'sLinTao's.Jane:13KangkangandJane:Hi!LinTao!Isthisyourbag?LinTao:14Oh,yes,it'smine.Thankyouverymuch.KangkangandJane:15Let'sgoandaskhim.Letmesee.Itlookslikeyours.Welcometoourclass!Onthefloor,underthechair.You'rewelcome.Isyourbagbrown？4.15.此完形填空。(10分)Hi!MynameisLiWeikang.I'mfourteenyearsold.I'm16Class4,Grade7.TodayI'dlike17yousomethingaboutourclassroom.We18abigandbright(明亮的)classroom.Therearetwenty-fourboysandtwenty-twogirlsinourclass.Sothereare19desksandchairsintheclassroom.Therearetwoblackboardsinit,20.Infrontofoneblackboard,thereisa21desk.Someflowersareonit.Therearetwomaps22thewall.OneisamapofChina,and23isamapoftheworld(世界).Thereisabookshelf24thebackoftheclassroom.Wehavelessonshereandwe25ourclassroomeveryday.OurclassroomisveryniceandIlikeitverymuch.()16.A.atB.onC.inD.out()17.A.totellB.tellingC.thereareD.tel