定語從句關系代詞講解與練習課件

簡單句的五種基本句型句型種類主語謂語部分謂語動詞表語賓語補語S+Vi(主+謂)Patarrived.S+Vt+O(主+謂+賓)Sheplaysthepiano.S+Link.V+P(主+系+表)Theyare(系動詞)heroes.S+Vt+InO+DO(主+謂+雙賓)Iofferedhim5dollars.(人間物直)S+Vt+O+Oc(主+謂+復合賓語)Annmademecry.簡單句的五種基本句型句型種類主語謂語部分謂語動詞表語賓1句子成分詳解句子成分意義充當詞類例句主語表示句子說的是什么人或什么事名，代，數(shù)，不定式，動名詞，短語或句子WestudyinHuangQiaoMiddleSchool.謂語說明主語做什么，是什么或怎么樣動詞或動詞詞組Sheisdancingunderthetree.賓語表示動作行為的對象同主語BothofuslikeEnglish.表語與聯(lián)系動詞連用，一起構成謂語，說明主語的性質或特征同主語及形容詞Herfatherisachemist.Hiswordssoundreasonable.定語用來修飾名詞或代詞形，代，數(shù)，名,副，介詞短語或句子Wehaveeightlessonseveryday.狀語修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞，表示動作發(fā)生的時間，地點，原因，目的，方式，結果等副詞，介詞短語或句子Heworksveryhard.TheyheldapartyinHollywood.賓語補足語邏輯上與賓語是主謂關系形容詞，名詞，介詞短語等Shealwayskeepsthehouseclean.主語謂語是基礎，賓表定狀補輔助。賓主來自名代數(shù)，動詞作謂不可無！句子成分詳解句子成分意義充當詞類例句主語表示句子說的是什么人2句子的分類分類說明例句簡單句由一個主語或并列主語和一個謂語或并列謂語構成的句子。即一套主謂關系。1.TomandIfoundherthere.2.Weallbreathe,eatandwork.并列句由并列連詞（and,so,but,or等）把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起而構成的句子。1.Helikeseggs,buthedoesn’tlikechickens.2.Workhardoryouwillfallbehind.復合句由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成的句子1.Ibelieveyouareright.2.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillpasstheexam.句子的分類分類說明例句由一個主語或并列主由并列連詞1.He3Translatethesentences：Thenumberofthepassengerswhogotinjuredintheaccidentwas36.2.Isthisthehousewhich/that

youboughtlastmonth?在這場事故中受傷的乘客的人數(shù)是36.這就是你上個月買的房子嗎？3.Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass?你認識我們班上那個頭發(fā)很短的女孩嗎？Translatethesentences：Thenu4TheAttributiveClause

定語從句TheAttributiveClause5Goalsofthisclass:

1.了解定語從句的定義。

2.了解關系代詞的實質和用法。

3.學會使用which,that,who,whom

4.探究whose的使用方法。Goalsofthisclass:6一、什么是定語從句？一、什么是定語從句？71.定語：e.g.Lisaisaprettygirl.形容詞ashoeshopanetbar名詞Isawaninterestingmovielastnight.-ing形式Wemustsavetheanimalsindanger.介詞短語Englishisalanguagespokenallovertheworld.過去分詞對句子中的名詞或代詞進行修飾、限定，可由多種形式擔任1.定語：e.g.Lisaisaprettygi82.從句：BecausetheSmithshavelivedinthetownfornearly10years,theyknoweveryonehere.從句主句復合句在復合句中為主句服務，處于次要地位，作某種成分的句子。Ican’tunderstandwhatyou’resaying.賓語從句3.定語從句：在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞作定語，處于次要地位的句子。2.從句：BecausetheSmithshav9Mainclause&theattributiveclause

Maryisastudent

whois21yearsold.()()

Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.()主句部分從句部分從句部分Mainclause&theattributive10Thenumberofthepassengerswhogotinjuredintheaccidentwas36.2.Isthisthehousewhich/that

youboughtlastmonth?3.Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisveryshortinourclass?Thenumberofthepassengers11Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.themachinecanfly.Aplaneisamachinethat/which關系詞引導定語從句的詞叫什么呢？IworkandliveinaspacecapsuleItisaplace_______anastronautworksandliveswhereAplaneisamachine.Themach12Relativepronouns:that,which,who,whomwhose,asRelativeadverbs:when,where,whyRelativesRelativepronouns:that,which13定語從句所修飾的詞叫：先行詞antecedent定語從句所修飾的詞叫：先行詞14先行詞和關系詞的關系Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.Theboywhoseparentsareworkerscametoourclassyesterday.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.themachine=thattheboy

=whotheboy’s

=whoseintheschool

=where關系代詞實際上是先行詞的復指關系詞whose實際上是先行詞的所有格關系副詞實際上是介詞＋先行詞先行詞和關系詞的關系Aplaneisamachine15Anastronautisaperson

whoworksandtravelsinspace.2.Spacecraftisavehicle

that/whichcantravelinspace.3.Spacecapsuleisaplace

whereanastronautworks.4.15thoct.2003wastheday

whenYangLiweiwassentintotheskyantecedent

先行詞relativepronoun

關系代詞relativeadverb關系副詞antecedent

先行詞Anastronautisapersonwhow16Davidisakindperson.Healwayshelpsothers.DavidisakindpersonwhoalwayshelpsotherssubjectFunctionofrelativepronounsintheattributiveclauses.Davidisakindperson.Hea17Ilikethegift.

Hegotthegiftforme.Ilikethegiftwhichhegotforme.objectIlikethegift.Hegotthe18Isasmalltown.Itisnolongerasmalltown.Itisnolongerthesmalltownthatitusedtobe.predicativeIsasmalltown.Itisnolong19

Heisagreatboy.Hisnamewillberemembered.Heisagreatboywhosenamewillberemembered.attributeHeisagreatboy.Hisname20TheschoolisinShenzhen.Hestudiedintheschool.TheschoolwherehestudiedisShenzhenadverbialTheschoolisinShenzhen.He21Intheattributiveclauses,therelativewordsusuallyfunctionassubject,object,predicative,attribute,andadverbial.Functionofrelativepronounsintheattributiveclauses.Intheattributiveclauses,th22指人指物主語賓語that

whichwhowhom三、關系代詞的用法√√√√√√√√√√√√×

×

×

×

指人指物主語賓語thatwhichwhowhom三、關系代23ReadingaloudReadingaloud24Theteacherpraisedthestudent.

Thestudent'sEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.whose=thestudent’s關系詞whose實際上是先行詞的所有格四、whose的用法Theteacherpraisedthestuden25Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Thehousethewindowofthehouseisbrokenismine.Thehousethewindowofwhichisbrokenismine.所有格whose+名詞the+名詞+ofwhichThehouseismine.26PracticeThemanhasretired.Themanismendingthemachine.Themanwhoismendingthemachinehasretired.2.WearetravelingtoKunming.ItisalsocalledtheSpringCity.WearetravelingtoKunming,whichisalsocalledtheSpringCity?3.Ilostthewatch.Ellagavemethewatchasagift.IlostthewatchthatEllagavemeasagiftPracticeThemanhasretired.Th27Practice:1.Thissummer,Tommyreturnedtothevillage_______washisbirthplace.2.Thegirl______issingingasonginthenextroomismysister.3.Anyone_____didthisisunforgivable.4.October1isaday_____weChinesewillneverforget.5.Thehotel_____westayedatduringtheholidaystandsbytheseaside.6.Hehastwosons,bothof_____workasapoliceman.whichwhowhowhichwhichwhomPractice:28Practice:Doyouknowtheboywhosemotherisourheadmaster?1.Doyouknowtheboy?Hismotherisourheadteacher.2.Ilikethehouse.

Itsgardenisbeautiful.ThegardenofthehouseisbeautifulIlikethehousewhosegardenisbeautiful.Ilikethehousethegardenofwhichisbeautiful.Practice:Doyouknowtheboyw293.

Thehouse______facesouthbelongstoMr.Chen.A.which

B.thewindowsofwhich

C.ofwhichwindows

D.whosewindowB3.Thehouse______facesouthB30總結：1.什么是定語從句？

2.什么是先行詞和引導詞？3.關系代詞代替的是什么？在從句中關系代詞作成分嗎？4.如何使用which,that,who,whom？

5.whose

的使用方法?？偨Y：31Practice:Thosewerefinallyrescued.Theyweretrappedundertheruins.Thosewhoweretrappedundertheruinswerefinallyrescued.2.Wearelookingatthebuilding.Thebuildingusedtobeahospital.Thebuildingwhichwearelookingatusedtobeahospital.3.Themovieisinteresting.ItsdirectorisFengXiaogang.ThemoviewhosedirectorisFengXiaogangisinteresting.

Practice:Thosewerefinallyre32Practice:1.MyheadteacherisMrs.Lin,_______sonismybestfriend.2.Iwillneverforgettheday______wespentonthebeautifulisland.3.LiuXiangandYaoMing,bothof_____areShanghainese,areworld-famousatheletes.4.Isthisthehouse_____youlivedin?5.Myfamily,_____areallmusiclovers,aregoingtoheartheconcerttonight.whichthatwhosewhomwhichwhoPractice:33Practice:1.Thefirstplace_______interestedmewastheChildren'sPalace.A.whichB.that