人性本惡英文演講稿課件

WeaknessofHumanNature人性的弱點主講人：夏秋秋成員：趙青青李青云陳璐InstituteofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院WeaknessofHumanNature主講人：夏秋1

InChinesecharacters,wecanseethereisa“口”underthecharacterof“善”anda“心”under“惡”.Thisrepresentsthekindiscausedbyhuman’sacquiredactivitieswiththemouthtosay,however,evilistheexistenceofhumancongenital（天生的）heart.InEnglish,“l(fā)ive”meansdynamicandvigorousbutitalsohidesanotherword“evil”whichisdeeplyrootedinhumannature.InChinesecharacters,we2

GodcreatedAdam,andlethimlivecarefreeinthegardenofEden.Tomadehimnotalone,godhadcreatedevetoAdamaspartner,andtoldthem:don'tstealtoeatthefruitofgoodandevilinthegardenofEden(thatistheforbiddenfruit),otherwisethey'llbepunished.Butoneday,theyatetheforbiddenfruitunderasnake'stemptation.

原罪說:上帝創(chuàng)造了亞當，并讓他在伊甸園里無憂無慮的生活。但是上帝看到亞當一個在伊甸園里挺孤單的，于是他有創(chuàng)造了夏娃給亞當當伴，并告戒他們：別偷吃伊甸園里的善惡之果（也就是禁果），否則就懲罰他們.但是一天，他們被一條蛇引誘而偷吃了禁果。GodcreatedAdam,andlet3

After,theysuddenlyfoundtheydidn'twearclothes,bothofthemnakedshowinginfrontofeachother,sotheybegantofeelshyandcoveruptheorganwithleaves,sotheconceptofmenandwomenbegan.Then,GodkeptthemoutofthegardenofEdenandsaid:“youcommitthecrime,youneedtosufferintheworld.”Therefore,thepersonbirthwithsin.Thisistheoriginalsin!吃了禁果后，他們突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒穿衣服，雙方都赤裸裸的把身體展露在對方面前，因此他們開始感到害羞就用樹葉子把性器官遮掩起來，于是男女的概念就開始了。上帝知道后就把他們趕出了伊甸園，說：你們犯下了罪惡，要你們在世上受苦，贖罪！于是人的出生就成了一種罪惡，這就是所謂的原罪！After,theysuddenlyfound4

AsmostChinesepeopledo,Ihavenodoubtthatpeoplearebasicallygood.Whenwelookattheinfant’sinnocentsmileandface,we’dliketobelievethattheyareangels.

Butwiththewealthoflifeexperienceandindepththought,Ihavefoundthat"peoplearebasicallygood"cannotexplaintheproblemsinreallife.Onthecontrary,"humannatureisevil"isabletorevealtheruleofthedevelopmentofhumansociety.Thisforcesmetochangemypreviousideaandacceptthefact,"humannatureisevil".Peopleatthebeginningofgoodness?（人之初性本善？）AsmostChinesepeopledo,5

Thesevendeadlysins"gluttony","greed","sloth","envy","pride","lust"and"anger",thisiswhattheCatholicChurchreferstothehumannatureofthesevendeadlysins.

Thesevendeadlysins6

Amanisneitheranangelnorabeast.Unfortunately,hewantstoactlikeanangel,butheisinherentlyabeast.——Pascal

人，既不是天使也不是野獸。不幸的是，人希望表現(xiàn)得像天使，而實際卻像野獸。——巴斯卡

Xunzisaid:"hungerandtofood,coldandtowarm,fatigueandtorest,interesttogoodandsickofharm,isthatpeoplehavehadwithborn……"

荀子明確把人性限定為人的自然屬性：“饑而欲食，寒而欲暖，勞而欲息，好利而惡害，是人之所生而有也……”Amanisneitheranangel7

Forexample,twobabiesarehungry,butthereisonlyabottleofmilk.Whatwillhappennext?Thetwobabieswillcertainlybeeagertosnatchthebottleofmilktofillthestomach,insteadofthinkingaboutsharingwiththeother.Whennaturalconditionscannotmeetthesurvivalanddevelopmentofallindividuals,thehumaninstinctwouldbeinspired.Everyonefightfortheirownsurvivalanddevelopment,whichwillproduceaseriesofevilthingsandphenomena.Forexample,twobabiesareh8Anotherexample,Singapore‘slegalsystemhasalwaysbeenknownforitsstrictnessandefficiency,themostfamousoneisprobablythewhipping(鞭刑).

Sincethispunishmentissocruel,whywedonotabolishit?Singapore'sformerprimeministerLeeKuanYewhasgiventheanswerinhisbookMyViewofTheWorld,“Ithinkhumannatureisevilandmustbelimitedtostopevilside".FromthehistoryofSingapore‘seconomicgrowth,wecanseetheimportanceofunderstanding“humannatureisevil”.InadditiontoSingapore,westernsocietyalsoregardsJudaism（猶太教）andChristianism（天主教）’evil‘a(chǎn)stheideologicalfoundation.ThisargumentrepresentsinHobbs.Inaddition,Machiavelli,Schopenhauer,Hegelarealsoconsideredtobeevilcommentators(評論者).Anotherexample,Singapore‘s9Infact,Chinahasdiscussedonthe“humannatureisevil”intheearlytime.WarringStatesPeriodfamousphilosopherXunziisadvocatedonbehalfof“humannatureisevil”.Hewroteintheopeningof“evilchapter”:humanevil,thegoodispseudo(假的).

Education,moralityandlegislation——whichindirectlyreflectthe“humannatureisevil”.

人之性惡，其善偽也?！髯覫nfact,Chinahasdiscusse10Acquirededucationmaymakethesechildrenlearnhowtorestrainandshare,butthatisnottheresultofhumannature.

Educationandmoralitymakepeoplerestraintheiranimal’sinstinctsincertainsubjectiveaspects,thelawobjectivelysetsobstaclesandcostsontheroadleadingtodesire,sopeopledarenottoexceedtheutmostlimits.

Therefore,humanwillputeducation,moralityandlegisl