一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)課件

Grammar12018.03.19Grammar12018.03.191目錄1Presentsimple2Presentcontinuous3Pastsimple4Pastcontinuous目錄1Presentsimple2Presentcont2PresentSimple一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句v原/

v

+(e)sHeplaystennis.否定句do/doesnot+v原Shedoesn’tplaytennis.疑問(wèn)句Do/Does…+v原？Doyouplaytennis?Weusethepresentsimpletotalkaboutregularhabitsorrepeatedactions:Igetupreallyearlyandpractiseforanhourorsomostdays.IusetheInternetjustabouteveryday.Wordsthatdescribehowoftenorwhenareoftenused（e.g.

always,usually,often,sometimes,rarely,never,everyday,everyevening,generally,normally）.

PresentSimple一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句v32)totalkaboutpermanentsituations

Myparentsownarestaurant.※Weusedthepresentperfect,notthepresentsimple,tosayhowlongsomethinghascontinued:

IhaveworkedtheresinceIwas15.(notIworktheresinceIwas15.)3)totalkaboutfactsorgenerallyacceptedtruths

Studentsdon’tgenerallyhavemuchmoney.

Ifyouheatwaterto100℃,itboils.4)togiveinstructionsanddirections:

Yougodowntothetrafficlights,thenyouturnleft.Tostarttheprogramme,firstyouclickontheicononthedesktop.5)totellstoriesandtalkaboutfilms,booksandplays:Inthefilm,thetealadyfallsinlovewiththePrimeMinister.2)totalkaboutpermanentsit4PresentContinuous現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句am/is/are+v-ingHe’sliving

inThailand.否定句am/is/arenot+v-ingI’mnotliving

inThailand.疑問(wèn)句Am/Is/Are…+v-ingAretheyliving

inThailand?Weusethepresentcontinuoustotalkabouttemporarysituations:I’mstudyingreallyhardformyexams.MycousinislivinginThailandatthemoment.(=hedoesn’tnormallylivethere)Wordslikeatthemoment,currently,now,thisweek/month/yearareoftenused.

PresentContinuous現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句52)totalkaboutactionshappeningatthemomentofspeaking:

I’mwaitingformyfriends.3)totalkabouttrendsorchangingsituations:

TheInternetismakingiteasierforpeopletostayintouchwitheachother.Thepriceofpetrolisrisingdramatically.4)totalkaboutthingsthathappenmoreoftenthanexpected,oftentoshowenvyortocriticisewithwordslikealways,constantly,continually,forever.

Mymum’salwayssayingIdon’thelpenough!(complaint)He’salwaysvisitingexcitingplaces!(envy)2)totalkaboutactionshappe6Activityverb＆Stateverbs

動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞和狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞就其詞匯意義來(lái)說(shuō)可分為動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞（Activityverb）和狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞（Stateverb）。動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)在做的動(dòng)作，而狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：Thegirlisputtingonaredcoat.那個(gè)女孩正在穿一件紅色外套。（穿的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，put為動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞）。Wehaveasecond-handcar.我們有一輛二手車(chē)。（have為狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞）。Activityverb＆Stateverbs

7【動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)與用法】1.表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，如eat,listen,read,run等。例如：

Sheislisteningtotheradio.她在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。

2.表示短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，如hit,jump等。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞一般用在現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，表示現(xiàn)時(shí)的一次性動(dòng)作。表示短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中，如果用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的話，那就表示短暫動(dòng)作的多次重復(fù)。例如：

Shejumpedupintothechair.她跳起來(lái)坐到椅子上。

Hewasjumpingupanddowntokeepwarm.他上下跳動(dòng)來(lái)取暖。

3.表示轉(zhuǎn)變和移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如arrive,change,come,die,go,leave等。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞用于一般時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí)中，往往在意義上略有不同。比如說(shuō)Thetrainleavesatnine，這是一種現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，表示火車(chē)每天都是9點(diǎn)開(kāi)車(chē)。如果說(shuō)Thetrainisleaving，則表示即將發(fā)生的事態(tài)，表示火車(chē)馬上就要開(kāi)了?！緞?dòng)作動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)與用法】1.表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，如eat8【狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)與用法】狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞可分為四類(lèi)：

1.動(dòng)詞be(是)和動(dòng)詞have(有)。例如：

Theboyis150centimeterstall.這個(gè)男孩150厘米高。

不可以說(shuō)：Theboyisbeing150centimeterstall.

Myhusbandhasseveralshirtsofdifferentcolors.我丈夫有好幾件顏色不同的襯衫。而不可以說(shuō)：Myhusbandishavingseveralshirtsofdifferentcolors.

2.含有狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞be和have的意義的動(dòng)詞，如：belongto,contain,differfrom,matter,own等。這類(lèi)狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞通常都不可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：

Thatdictionarybelongstome.那本字典是屬于我的。不能說(shuō)：Thatdictionaryisbelongingtome．

【狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)與用法】狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞可93.表示五官感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如hear,see,feel,taste,smell等。例如：

Theoldmandoesn’thearverywell．那位老人聽(tīng)覺(jué)不太好。不能說(shuō)：Theoldmanisn’thearingverywell．

Themeattastesdelicious.這肉味道真好。但不可以說(shuō)：Themeatistastingdelicious.4.表示想法或心理的動(dòng)詞，如agree,assume,believe,consider,disagree,forget,hope,know,expect,imagine,regret,remember,suppose,think,understand等。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞通常也都不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：

HedoesnotbelieveinHoward’shonesty.他不相信霍華德為人真誠(chéng)。不能說(shuō)HeisnotbelievinginHoward’shonesty.

3.表示五官感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如hear,see,feel105.表示情感狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如adore,despise,dislike,enjoy,feel,hate,like,love,mind,prefer,wantDoyoumindifIaskyouafewquestions?Ilovemusic.6.表示描述或說(shuō)明類(lèi)的動(dòng)詞，如：appear,contain,looklike,mean,resemble,seem,smell,sound,taste,weigh.Youlooklikeyourmother.(=apermanentsituation,notatemporaryone)Notice:

Somestateverbscanbeusedinthecontinuousformwhenthemeaningistemporary.Compare:Whatareyouthinkingabout?(now)Ithinkyoushouldtellherexactlywhathappened.(myopinion,sonottemporary)I’mtastingthesaucetoseeifitneedsanymoresalt.Thesaucetastesdelicious.She’shavingagreattime.(ishaving=isexperiencing,notpossession)Studentsdon’tgenerallyhavemuchmoney.(have=possession)5.表示情感狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如adore,despise,11Fillinthegapswiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.1.I’mbusyrightnow.I

(fillin)anapplicationformforanewjob.2.Mytutor

(see)meforatutorialeveryMondayattwoo’clock.3.John

(not/study)veryhardatthemoment.I

(not/think)he’llpasshisexams.4.‘What

(he/do)?’‘He

(try)tofixthetelevisionaerial.’5.Animals

(breathein)oxygenand

()carbondioxide.6.Bequiet!I

(want)tohearthenews.7.Inmycountrywe

(drive)ontheright-handsideoftheroad.8.MyfriendJoe’sparents

(travel)roundtheworldthissummer,andprobablywon’tbelackforacoupleofmonths.9.Thecollege

(run)thesamecourseeveryyear.10.Thenumberofwildbutterflies

(fall)asaresultofchangesinfarmingmethods.’mfillinginseesisn’tstudyingdon’tthink’s

hedoing’s

tryingbreatheingiveoutwantdrivearetravellingrunsisfallingFillinthegapswiththecor12Fillinthegapswiththeverbsintheboxinthecorrectpresenttense.agreecatchupcausehavegoupknowthinkuseWe1

energyforthreemainthings:electricityproduction,heatingandtransport.Forthefirsttwo,we2

optionssuchassolarandwindpower,andnaturalgas.Butoilisstilltheworld’snumberonesourceofenergy,andfortransportatleast,thereiscurrentlynoalternative.InChina,domesticenergyconsumption3

yearbyyearanddemandinsimilarregions4

fast.We5

howtouseenergymoreefficientlynowthaninthepastbuttheworldwideriseindemand6

concernamongstexperts.Someexperts7

thatoilsupplieswillstarttofallwithinthenexttwentyyears.Mostexperts8

thatweneedtofindanewsourceofenergysoon.

Fillinthegapswiththeverb13Fillinthegapswiththeverbsintheboxinthecorrectpresenttense.agreecatchupcausehavegoupknowthinkuseWe1

use

energyforthreemainthings:electricityproduction,heatingandtransport.Forthefirsttwo,we2

have

optionssuchassolarandwindpower,andnaturalgas.Butoilisstilltheworld’snumberonesourceofenergy,andfortransportatleast,thereiscurrentlynoalternative.InChina,domesticenergyconsumption3

isgoingup

yearbyyearanddemandinsimilarregions4

iscatchingup

fast.We5

know

howtouseenergymoreefficientlynowthaninthepastbuttheworldwideriseindemand6

iscausing

concernamongstexperts.Someexperts7

think

thatoilsupplieswillstarttofallwithinthenexttwentyyears.Mostexperts8

agree

thatweneedtofindanewsourceofenergysoon.

Fillinthegapswiththeverb14擴(kuò)展：catch抓住,捕捉catchtheballcatchup①趕上，主要是指“趕上汽車(chē)、火車(chē)等交通工具”或“趕上看…節(jié)目”②聊天敘舊e.g.Let’sgograbsomecoffeeandcatchupforawhile.catchupwith（介詞短語(yǔ)，with不可以省略，+sb/sth）

①趕上某人e.g.Iwillcatchupwithyouagaininafewminutes.幾分鐘后我會(huì)再次趕上你。②補(bǔ)上工作e.g.CanIcatchupwiththematerialsoritistoolate?我能對(duì)材料做下補(bǔ)充嗎？或者是不是太晚了？catchupon①事后得到關(guān)于…的消息e.g.Helovestocatchuponthenewsafteratripabroad.②趕完，補(bǔ)上~sleep補(bǔ)覺(jué)~thebills付清賬單~work趕工作~study補(bǔ)課，補(bǔ)習(xí)擴(kuò)展：15PastSimple一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句v過(guò)去式+-d/-edHe

workedforthepolice.否定句didnot+v原She

didn’tworkforthepolice.疑問(wèn)句Did…+v原？Did

theyworkforthepolice?Weusethepastsimpletotalkaboutsinglepastcompletedactions.Oftenthetimeismentioned:Afewweeksago,awomancalledtoreportarobberyatherhouse.2)togiveaseriesofactionsintheorderthattheyhappened:

Theburglarcameinthroughthefrontdoor,pickedupthewoman’shandbag,emptieditoutandstoleherpurse.

PastSimple一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句v過(guò)去式163)totalkaboutpastrepeatedactions:Whenhissongotolder,heoftenwentouttovisithisfriendsafterschool.4)totalkaboutlong-termsituationsinthepastwhicharenolongertrue:

BillMurphyworkedforthepoliceforceforover17years.

3)totalkaboutpastrepeated17Usedto＆would用法句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句usedto/would+v原She

usedto/wouldlockthedoor.否定句didnot+useto+v原She

didn’tworkforthepolice.疑問(wèn)句Did…useto+v原？Did

theyusetolockthedoor?Weuseusedto+v原

orwould+v原totalkaboutpastrepeatedactions:Sheusedtokeepthefrontdoorlocked.(butshestoppeddoingthis)Shewouldleavethedoorunlockedwhenevershewasathome.Weuseusedto

talkaboutpermanentsituationsthatareusuallynolongertrue:BillMurphyusedtoworkforthepoliceforce.2)Wedon’tuseusedtoifwewanttotalkabouthowlongthesituationslasted:BillMurphyworkedforthepoliceforceforover17years.注意：Wedon’tusewouldwithstateverb.

Usedto＆would用法句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定句use18PastContinuous過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)句型結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定