Module 6 War and Peace【外研版高中英語必修六課本文本（word版）】

Module6WarandPeace

Introduction

Readthequotationsaboutwarandpeaceandanswerthequestions.

Agoodsoldierisnotviolent.

Agoodfighterisnotangry.

Agoodwinnerisnotvengeful.

Laozi,

Chinesephilosopher

Therehasneverbeenagoodwarorabadpeace.

BenjaminFranklin,

Americanscientist

Wardoesnottelluswhoisright—onlywhoisleft.

BertrandRussell,

Britishphilosopher

Youcannotpreventandprepareforwaratthesametime.

AlbertEinstein,

German-bornAmericantheoreticalphysicist

IfeveryonedemandedpeaceinsteadofanotherTVset,we'dhavepeace.

JohnLennon,

Britishmusician

Laozi:Whatdovengefulwinnersdo?

BenjaminFranklin:Doyouagreethattherecannotbeagoodwar?

BertrandRussell:Explainthemeaningsofthewordsrightandleftinthisquotation.

right:

ontherightside

holdingtherightbeliefs

left:

ontheleftside

stillalive

AlbertEinstein:Whatcangovernmentsdotopreventwar?

JohnLennon:Whatdoesitmeanifpeopledemandpeace?

Theywantpeace.

Theydon'twantpeace.

Answerthequestionsaboutawarinthetwentiethcentury.

1.Therewasawarthattookplacebetween1939and1945.Whatisthenameofthiswar?

theSecondWorldWar

theGreatWar

2.Whenthewarbegan,whichcountrieswereinvolved?

theUnitedStatesandJapan

BritainandGermany

3.Thewarbeganwhenacountrywasinvaded.Whichcountrywasinvaded?

France

Poland

VocabularyandReading

Lookatthephotoandthemapandanswerthequestions.

Whatkindofpeoplecanyouseeinthephoto?

Whereonthemapdoyouthinkthephotowastaken?

Whatarethepeopleinthephotodoing?

Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.

abandon;attempt;danger;kill

BritishandAmericantroopstolandinFrance.

Theselandingswerevery.

Manytroopswereduringthelandings.

Atonepoint,militarycommandersthoughtabouttheoperation.

Readthemeaningsofsomeofthewordsandexpressionsinthepassageyouaregoingtoread.

declarewaron:totellanothercountrythatyouaregoingtostartawarwiththem

militaryoperation:aplannedactivityduringawar

makeabreakthrough:tobesuccessful

drown:todieinwater

survivors:peoplewhoarenotkilledinanaccident

ReadthethreepassagesabouttheD-Daylandingsandanswerthequestions.

TheD-DayLanding—Passage1

InSeptember1939,Britain

declaredwaron

GermanyafterGermanyinvadedPoland.Thewar,which

lasted

until1945,isknownastheSecondWorldWar.Duringthewar,Germany

occupied

manycountries,includingFrance.ThemostimportantbattleofthewarinEuropewas

Operation

Overlord,themilitary

operation

in1944to

invade

France.

Operation

OverlordstartedwhenboatsfullofsoldierslandedonthebeachesofNormandyinFrance,knownastheD-Daylandings.Morethan5,000shipscrossedtheEnglishChannel,carrying130,000

troops

totheFrenchcoast.

TroopsfromtheUnitedStates,BritainandCanadatookpartintheD-Daylandings.The

operation

wasextremelydangerousandmanysoldierswerekilledbeforetheyevengotofftheboats.Americansoldiersattemptedtolandatthemostdangerousplace,knownasOmaha

Beach

.

ThesituationatOmaha

Beach

wassobadthattheUSarmy

commanders

thoughtabout

abandoning

theinvasion.

Eventually

,thesoldiers

madeabreakthrough

andtheD-Daylandingsweresuccessful.ItwasthebeginningoftheendoftheSecondWorldWar.

Operation

Overlordstartedasastoryofdangerandconfusionandendedasastoryofbraveryandactsof

heroism

.

TheD-DayLandings—Passage2

ThesoldiersofAble

Company

crossedtheEnglishChannelinsevenboatsearlyonthemorningof6June1944.Whentheywereabout5kilometresfromthe

beach

,theGermansstartedfiring

artillery

shells

atthembuttheboatsweretoofaraway.TheGermanscontinuedfiringandBoat5washitonekilometrefromthe

beach

.Sixmen

drowned

beforehelparrived.Twentymenfellintothewaterandwere

pickedup

byotherboats.Asaresult,theymissedthefightingonthe

beach

.Theywerelucky.Iftheyhadreachedthe

beach

,theywouldprobablyhavebeenkilled.

WhenBoat3wasafewmetresfromthe

beach

,thesoldiersjumpedout,butthewaterwasso

deep

thatsomeofthemdisappearedunderthewater.Manyofthemenwereeitherkilledor

wounded

bymachinegunfire.

ThesoldiersonBoat1andBoat4jumpedintothewater,butitwastoo

deep

andmostofthemdrowned.Halfanhourafterthefirstattack,twothirdsofthe

company

(a

company

isagroupofabout100soldiers)weredead.The

survivors

layonthe

beach

,exhaustedand

shocked

.

Afteranhourandforty-fiveminutes,sixofthesurvivorstriedtoclimbuptheclifftogetoffthe

beach

.Fourweretooexhaustedtoreachthetop.Theothertwo,

Private

JakeSheferand

Private

ThomasLovejoy,joinedagroupfromanother

company

andfoughtwiththem.Twomen.Tworifles.ThiswasAble

Company

'scontributiontoD-Day.

TheD-DayLandings—Passage3

On6June2004,survivorsoftheD-DaylandingsfrommanydifferentcountriesreturnedtoFrancetoremembertheirlostcomrades.Manyofthemwenttothecemeteryand

memorial

which

overlooks

Omaha

Beach

.

Thecemeteryand

memorial

aresituatedonacliffoverlookingthe

beach

andtheEnglishChannel,fromwheretheboatsattemptedtheirlandings.Thecemeterycontainsthe

graves

of9,386Americanswhodiedduringthelandings.The

memorial

alsocontainsthenamesofmorethan1,500menwhowereneverfound.

Onthe

memorial

,thereispartofapoemcalled"FortheFallen",whichwaswrittenbyanEnglishpoet,LawrenceBinyon:

Theyshallnotgrowold,aswethatareleftgrowold.

Ageshallnot

weary

them,northeyears

condemn

.

Atthegoingdownofthesunandinthemorning

Wewillrememberthem.

ThepoemwasfirstpublishedinTheTimesnewspaperon14September1914andcanbeseenon

warmemorials

inmanypartsoftheworld.

1.Wheredoyouthinkthefirstpassageistakenfrom?

ahistorybook

anewspaperarticle

2.Whatdoyouthinkthesecondpassageis?

agovernmentreportonthewar

thehistoryofaparticulargroupofsoldiers

3.Whatisdifferentaboutthethirdpassage?

Itreferstoaneventrelatedtothewar.

Itreferstoaneventbeforethewar.

ReadPassage1andanswerthequestions.

WhateventstartedtheSecondWorldWar?

WhatwasthepurposeofOperationOverlord?

Whatnationalitywerethetroopswhotookpartintheoperation?

Wherewasthemostdangerousplacetoland?

WasOperationOverlordsuccessful?

ReadPassage2andchoosethecorrectendingstothesentences.

.WhentheGermansstartedfiringattheboats,___.

theboatsweresofarfromthebeachthattheyweren'thit

theboatswereonekilometrefromthebeach

2.WhenBoat5washitbyashell,___.

everyonewaskilled

mostofthemenwererescuedfromthewater

3.ThemenfromBoat3hadproblemsinthewaterbecause___.

theirbackpacksweretooheavy

thewaterwastoodeep

4.Sixmentriedtoclimbupthecliffand___.

someofthemmanagedtoreachthetop

allofthemreachedthetop

5.TwoofthesoldiersfromAbleCompany___.

stayedonthebeach

metsomeothersoldiers

ReadPassage3andanswerthequestions.

Whywas6June2004animportantdateforthesurvivors?

Whydoyouthinksomanysoldierswereneverfound?

Inyourownwords,whatdoesthepoemsayaboutthelostsoldiers?

Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsinthebox.

bravery;confusion;disappear;exhausted;heroism;wounded

Whatisthedifferencebetweentiredandexhausted?

Giveanexampleofbraveryinawarsituation.

Whatisthedifferencebetweenbeingkilledandbeingwounded?

Whatcouldcauseconfusioninabattle?

Whathappenswhensomeonedisappears?

Whatisanactofheroism?

Grammar

Readthissentenceandanswerthequestions.

Iftheyhadreachedthebeach,theywouldprobablyhavebeenkilled.

Didtheyreachthebeach?

Weretheykilled?

Isthesentencedescribingsomethingthatreallyhappened?

Answerthequestionsaboutthesentences.

Iftheyhadn'tbeenontheboats,theywouldhavesurvived.

Weretheyontheboats?

Didtheysurvive?

Iftheirbackpackshadbeensmall,theywouldn'thavedrowned.

Weretheirbackpackssmall?

Didtheydrown?

IftheGermanshadn'tbeennearthebeach,thesoldierswouldn'thavehadanyproblems.

WeretheGermansnearthebeach?

Didthesoldiershaveproblems?

Readthesentencesandchoosethecorrectmeanings.

1.GermanyinvadedPoland.TheBritishdeclaredwar.

IfGermanyhadn'tinvadedPoland,theBritishwouldn'thavedeclaredwar.

IfGermanyhadinvadedPoland,theBritishwouldn'thavedeclaredwar.

2.Thesoldiersreachedthebeach.TheywereattackedbytheGermans.

Ifthesoldiershadreachedthebeach,theywouldn'thavebeenattackedbytheGermans.

Ifthesoldiershadn'treachedthebeach,theywouldn'thavebeenattackedbytheGermans.

3.Thewaterwasverydeep.Itwasimpossibleforthesoldierstowalktothebeach.

Ifthewaterhadn'tbeensodeep,itwouldhavebeenpossibleforthesoldierstowalktothebeach.

Ifthewaterhadn'tbeensodeep,itwouldhavebeenimpossibleforthesoldierstowalktothebeach.

4.TheinvasionofNormandywassuccessful.Thewarendedsoonafterwards.

IftheinvasionofNormandyhadn'tbeensuccessful,thewarwouldhaveendedsoonafterwards.

IftheinvasionofNormandyhadn'tbeensuccessful,thewarwouldn'thaveendedsoonafterwards.

Listening

ReadthepassageandaskandanswerquestionsabouttheBlitz.

At4p.m.on7September1940,348GermanwarplanesbegantodropbombsonLondon.Theattacklastedfortwohours.Twohourslater,asecondgroupofplanesarrived.Thesecondattacklasteduntil4:30a.m.thefollowingmorning.Londonwasbombedeverydayforthenext57daysandtheattackscontinuedintothefollowingyear.

TheattackswereknownastheBlitz(fromtheGermanwordBlitzkrieg,whichmeanslightningwar).ThebombingcampaignlasteduntilMay1941.Intheworstsingleincident,450peoplewerekilledwhenabombdestroyedaschoolthatwasanairraidshelter.Afterthat,upto200,000Londonersfoundshelterfromthebombinginundergroundstations.Thestationdoorswerelocked,andthepeoplehadtobreakthechainsonthedoorsinordertogetin.

Completethesentenceswiththeverbsinthepastsimple.

break;fall;feel;fly;shake;think

Irememberthatthehouseduringthebombing.

Theplanesverylow.

Alotofbombsonthedocks.

Alotofpeopletheundergroundwouldbethesafestplace.

Theythechainsonthedoors.

Youmuchsaferintheunderground.

ListentoAliceandHenryPorter,wholivedinLondonduringtheBlitz,andanswerthequestions.

HowoldwereAliceandHenrywhenthebombingcampaignstarted?

WherewasAlicewhenshesawthebombingforthefirsttime?

WhatdidHenryandhisbrotherdo?

WherewasAlicewhenabombfellonherstreet?

WhowasHenrywithonthenightheremembersbest?

Completethesentenceswiththewordsbelow.Listenandcheckyouranswers.

annoyed;counting;excited;fires;shouting;sound;supposed;window

Irememberthatthehouseshook,andIlookedthroughmybedroom.

Irememberseeinginthedistance.

Ialsorememberthatmyparentswereverywithme.

ThefirstthingIrememberwastheoftheplanes.

Ialsorememberfeelingvery.

IfIrememberrightly,weweren'ttodothat.

Icanrememberthefirementoeachother.

Irememberthetimebetweentheraidsonenight.

Function

Readthesentences1–5first,andthencompletesentencesa–dinyourownwords.

Irememberseeingfiresinthedistance.

Irememberthatthehouseshook.

IfIrememberrightly,weweren'tsupposedtodothat.

ThefirstthingIrememberwasthesoundoftheplanes.

I'llneverforgethearingthatsound.

Iremember(doingsomething)____.

IfIrememberrightly,____.

ThefirstthingIremember(aboutaperson/place)was____.

I'llneverforget(doingsomething)____.

ImaginethatyouareasurvivoroftheD-Daylandings.Describeyourmemoriesofthefollowingevents:

thesoundoftheartilleryshells

jumpingintothewater

howyoufeltwhenyoureachedthebeach

whatyoudidnext

whoyoumetwhenyougotoffthebeach

Writeaparagraphusingthesentencesthatyouhavewritten.

Startwiththissentence:

IwaspartoftheinvasionforceattheD-Daylandings.

Endwiththissentence:

Iwillneverforgetthethingsthathappenedtomeon6thJune1944.

Writeaparagraphaboutyourownpersonalmemories.Chooseoneofthetopics.

thingsyouusedtodowhenyouwereyoung

yourfirstdayatschool

yourfirstvisittothecinema

learningtorideabicycle

yourfirstjourneyinacar/taxioronatrain/ship/plane

thedayyoumetyourbestfriend

ReadingandWriting

ReadthereviewofSavingPrivateRyanandanswerthequestions.

Whichparagraphgivesdetailsofwhathappensinpartofthefilm?

Whichparagraphgivesinformationaboutthedirectorandthestarsofthefilm?

Whichparagraphsummarisesthestory?

Whichparagraphcontainsthewriter'spersonalviewofthefilm?

Didthereviewerlikethefilm?

SavingPrivateRyan(1998)

AreviewbyJennyCarter,aged15

SavingPrivateRyanisafilmwhichwasdirectedbyStevenSpielberg.ThetwomaincharactersareCaptainJohnMiller,playedbyTomHanks,andPrivateJamesRyan,playedbyMattDamon.

JamesRyanisthefourthbrothertobeinvolvedintheSecondWorldWar.Histhreebrothershavealreadybeenkilled,twoofthemintheD-DaylandingsinNormandy,theotherinabattleinanotherpartoftheworld.Theirheart-brokenmotherreceivesnewsaboutallherdeadsonsonthesameday.TheUSarmydecidestosendagroupofmenintotheFrenchcountrysidetotrytofindthefourthbrother.CaptainMiller,aheroandsurvivoroftheOmahaBeachbattle,ischosentoleadtherescueteamofeightmen.

Thefilmopenswitha30-minutesequenceoftheinvasionofNormandy,probablythemostviolentimagesofwarevershowninafilm.Weseethefullhorrorofwar,andthechaosandsenselesswasteoflife.

SavingPrivateRyanisanunforgettableanti-warfilmandalsoastoryofcourageandsacrifice.Spielberghasmadealotofgoodfilms,buthehasnevermadeonewithsuchastrongmessage.Andthemessageissimple—Wewantpeace;wedon'twantwar.

Writeareviewofafilmwithasimilarwarthemethatyouhaveseen.Writeaboutthefollowing:

theactorsandthedirector,andwhenthefilmwasmade

thestoryofthefilm

adescriptionofthemostmemorablesequenceinthefilm

yourpersonalfeelingaboutthefilm

Speaking

Workingroupsoffourorfive.Readanddiscussthefollowingopinionsaboutwarfilms.

Warfilmsareimportant.Theyshowpeoplehowterriblewaris.Afterseeingafilmaboutwar,peoplewillrealisethatwarmeansdeathforalotofpeople.

Warfilmsarenotverynice.Theyoftenshowterriblethings.Wedon'tneedtoseethesethingsatthecinema.

Peoplewholikeactionfilmsgotoseewarfilms.Thesepeopledon'tchangetheirmindsaboutwarafterseeingthefilms.Theyareonlytherefortheaction,notthemessage.

Makeanoteofwhichopinionmostofthepeopleinthegroupagreewith.Sharetheopinionsinyourdiscussionwiththerestoftheclass.

ReadingandVocabulary

Workinpairs.Describethephotointhepassageandthefeelingsofthepeopleyoucansee.

D-Day+2

Toourastonishment,justtwodaysafterwehadreceivedour

confidential

orderstojointheD-Daylandingtroops,andafteradayfightingandseeingmanyofmyfriendskilledbytheenemy,wefoundourselvesoutsideapeacefulvillageinFrance.Itwassosudden,afterthe

mess

andconfusionofwaronthe

beach

.

Itwaslateafternoon,andthesunwassettingonaperfectcountrysceneoffarmbuildings,amainstreet,afewshops,agarageandachurch.Butwehesitatedbecausewewereawarethattheremightstillhavebeenenemysoldiers.Ourlieutenanttold

Private

Kowalskiandmetoadvanceandcheckthevillage.

Asweenteredthemainstreet,ayoungwomanona

tractor

droveoutofthegarage,sawusandcalledoutsomethinginFrench.Immediatelyfivemencameoutofthebar,andtwomorefromafarmyard,holdingguns.Itookoffmy

helmet

andyelled,"American!Putyourgunsdown!"Theygatheredroundus,shoutingandshakingourhands.Somewomenappearedandkissedus.

Wesoonunderstoodthattheenemyhadabandonedthevillage,soKowalskiwentbacktotheotherstoletthemknowitwassafe.Iwalkedintoa

barbershop

and

stroked

my

chin

,toshowIneededto

shave

.Thebarberhadamagnificent

moustache

,whichheused

wax

tokeepinshape.Hefilledatinwithcoldwater,andtookouta

razor

fromadrawer.Heusedaleather

sharpener

onthe

razor

,andthengavemethebest

shave

Ihadhadinyears.Finallyhepickedupapairof

scissors

anda

comb

,andcutmyhair.

Whentherestofour

company

arrived,they

unloaded

their

baggage

and

bedding

whilethevillagersbroughtoutsome

jars

ofwine,andlaidatableinthemiddleofthestreet,whichtheythencoveredwithplatesofpotatoesand

carrots

,hamandsausages.Someoneshouted"

Cheers

!"inEnglishandwealldrankto

liberation

andtotheFrench

constitution

.Someofourboyshadnevertastedwinebefore,andspatitout,thinkingitwas

vinegar

.

Wegave

stockings

tothewomen,whichtheyloved,andinreturn,theygaveus

perfume

forourgirlfriends.IwastooashamedtoadmitthatIwastooyoungtohaveagirlfriend.Butthevillagerstreateduslikeheroes,andforabriefmoment,Ifeltthatallthefearanddangerhadbeen

worthwhile

.ButIalsorememberedmyfriendswhohaddiedearlierthatday,andwonderediftheywouldhaveagreed.

Readthepassageandchoosethebestanswer.

Thewriteris____.

aBritishsoldier

aFrenchvillager

anAmericansoldier

aGermansoldier

Answerthequestions.

Whatdoyouthinkthetitleofthepassagemeans?

Whydoyouthinkthewritersays,"Toourastonishment..."?

Howdoyouthinkthesoldiersfeltwhentheyfirstsawthepeopleinthemainstreet?

Whowaswiththewriterbeforetherestofthecompanyarrived?

HowdoyouthinkthevillagersfeltwhentheysawtheAmericansoldiers?

Howolddoyouthinkthewriterwas?

Howdidthewriterfeelattheendoftheday?

Answerthequestionswiththewordsinthebox.

baggage;bedding;comb;confidential;mess;perfume;razor;scissors;shave(v.);stockings;tractor;yell

HowmanypeopleknewabouttheorderstojointheD-Daylandings?

Whatkindofstateisthebeachlikelytobeinafterthelandings?

Whatkindofvehicledoyouoftenseeonornearfarms?

Howdoyouspeakwhenyouseedangerandwanttogiveawarning?

Whatdomenwithoutbeardsdototheirfaceseverydayorso?Whatdothesemenusetodothis?

Whattoolsdoyouneedtousetocuthairandmakeitlooktidy?

Whatthingsdidthesoldiersbringwiththemfortheirpersonalpossessionsandtobeabletorest?

Whatdowomenoftenwearontheirlegs?

Whatdowomenoftenliketoweartosmellnice?

Choosethecorrectanswers.

ashamed;barbershop;constitution;cheers;liberation;vinegar;worthwhile

1.Abarbershopistheusualplace____.

forpeopletogowhentheyfirstarriveinaFrenchvillage

forwomentohaveahaircut

formentohaveahaircutandashave

forpeopletobuythingslikesoap,perfume,toothpaste,etc.

2.Thesoldierwasashamedtoadmitthathewastooyoungtohaveagirlfriendbecause____.

hedidn'twanttotalkabouthisgirlfriendathome

hewantedagirlfriend,butdidn'thaveone

thevillagerstreatedthesoldiersasheroes

hehopedtofindaFrenchgirlfriend

3.Theysaid"Cheers!"anddranktoliberationandtotheFrenchconstitutioninorderto____.

introducetherestofthecompanytothevillagers

showtheyhopedthevillagerswouldsoonbefreeandingoodhealth

thankthevillagersforthefoodandfortheirwelcome

celebratefreedomandthereturntopoweroftheFrenchgovernment

4.Someofthesoldiersthoughtthewinewasvinegarbecause____.

theyhadn'ttastedwinebefore

it'straditionaltospititout

theyhaddrunktoomuch

itdidn'tcomeoutofawinebottle

5.Hethoughtthefearanddangerwasworthwhilebecause____.

itremindedhimthatsomefriendshaddied

hewouldrememberthisspecialday

manyoffriendshaddied

thevillagerswereverygratefultothem

Workinpairsanddiscussyouranswerstothequestions.

Whatdoyouthinkthesoldierswouldhavedoneiftherehadbeenenemiesinthevillage?

Whatdoyouthinkthesoldiersdidnext?

EverydayEnglish

Readthelinesfromthelisteningpassageandanswerthequestions.

1."Didanyofthebombsdropnearyou?""...No.AndIoftenwonderwhy."Ifyouwonderaboutsomething,itmeans____.

youfeelluckyaboutsomething

youaskyourselfaquestion

youaskotherpeople

2.IfIrememberrightly...Yousaythisif____.

youarecompletelysureaboutsomething

youthinkyouareprobablyright

youdon'tusuallygetthingswrong

3.Weweren'tsupposedtodothat.Thismeans____.

wedidn'tplantodoit

thegovernmentdidn'twantustodoit

wewereveryunhappytodoit

4.Weappreciatedtheopportunitytotalk.Itmeans____.

wewantedanopportunitytotalk

wewastedtheopportunitytotalk

wewerethankfulfortheopportunitytotalk

ReadingPractice

Workinpairs.Lookatthephotointhepassageandanswerthequestions.Usethewordsandphrasesbelowtohelpyou.

airforce;army;Britain;defeat;Germany;leadership;navy;politician;primeminister;speech;statesman;theSecondWorldWar;victory

WhowasWinstonChurchill?

Whendidhelive?

Whatdidhedo?

Whatishefamousfor?

WinstonChurchill'sSpeeches

WinstonChurchilliswell-knownasa

statesman

,politicianandastheBritishPrimeMinisterduringmostoftheSecondWorldWar.Heisespeciallyfamousforhisspeecheswhichmanybelievemadepeopleevenmoredeterminedtodefeattheenemy.Manyofthesespeechescontainedlineswhicharerememberedeventoday.

Churchillmadeoneofhisgreatestspeechesin1940,whenhewasinvitedtobecomePrimeMinisterofBritain,andtheleaderofanewgovernment.Thecountryhadbeenatwarforovereightmonths,andheknewthatitwouldsuffermanygreatdefeatsbeforeitwouldbegintowinthewar.Soon13May1940hepromisedtheHouseofCommons:"IwouldsaytotheHouse,asIsaidtothosewhohavejoinedtheGovernment,'Ihavenothingtoofferbutblood,

toil

,tearsandsweat.'"

Amonthlater,theGermanyarmyhadadvancedacrossnorthernEurope,andtheBritishArmyhad

retreated

tothecoastoftheEnglishChannel.TheonlyescapewastocrosstheseabacktoEngland.HundredsofsmallboatssetoutfromportsontheEnglishcoasttobringbackthesoldiersfromthebeachesofDunkirkinFrance.ButChurchill

encouraged

peoplethatthiswasonlyatemporarydefeatinaspeechwhichincludedthewords,"Weshallfightonthebeaches,weshallfightonthelandinggrounds,weshallfightinthefieldsandinthestreets,weshallfightinthehills;weshallnever

surrender

."

On18June1940,Churchillgaveanotherfinespeechwhenhedrewattentiontothe

courage

ofeveryonedefendingBritain."Inyearstocome,"hesaid,"...menwillsay,'Thiswastheirfinesthour.'"

TheGermanscontinuedtheirattacksonBritainfromtheair.AsmallnumberofpilotsresistedthemuchlargerGermanAirForce.Germanylostmanyairplanes,andwasforcedtochangetheir

strategy

.Britainwasnolongerthreatenedbyanearlyinvasion,andon20August1940,hesaid,"Neverinthefieldofhumanconflictwassomuchowedbysomanytosofew."

Intwoyears,Germanybegantolosesomeimportantbattles.AfteradefeatinNorthAfrica,on10November1942hemadeaspeechwiththefamouswords,"Nowthisisnottheend.Itisnoteventhebeginningoftheend.Butitis,perhaps,theendofthebeginning."

ManypeoplebelievethatChurchill'sleadershipinspiredpeopletoremainbraveinthefaceofNaziGermany.Hisspeechesarestillrememberedand

quoted

today,andremainsomeofthefinestexamplesofspokenEnglish.

Choosethesentencewhichbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage.

Themainideaofthepassage:

"...Butitis,perhaps,theendofthebeginning."

WinstonChurchilliswell-knownasastatesman,politicianandastheBritishPrimeMinisterduringmostoftheSecondWorldWar.

Hisspeechesarestillrememberedandquotedtoday,andremainsomeofthefinestexamplesofspokenEnglish.

"Inyearstocome,"hesaid,"...menwillsay,'Thiswastheirfinesthour.'"

Choosethebestanswers.

1.Churchill'sspeechon13May1940showsthat____.

hecouldonlypromisetodohisbesttodefeattheGermans

thewarwouldbeoversoon

thedefeatofBritainbyGermanywasprobable