天津外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)《211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)》專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

2010年天津外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)211翻譯碩士英語(yǔ)[專業(yè)碩士]考研真題及詳解I.Vocabulary(20′)Directions:Choosetheoneanswerthatbestexplainstheunderlinedwordorphraseinthesentence.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.1．U.S.PresidentBarackObamaannouncedplanstoscrapthecontroversialmissiledefenseprograminEasternEuropeonSeptember18.A.fightB.cancelC.pushD.conciliate【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：9月18日，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬宣布放棄頗有爭(zhēng)議的東歐導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)的計(jì)劃。scrap有“除掉，取消”之意，因此B項(xiàng)cancel與之表達(dá)意思相符。conciliate和解；調(diào)解；安撫。2．DemonstratorsenteredtheirthirddayofabuildingtakeoveratUCSantaCruzonSaturdayinprotestofatuitionincrease,anundertakingthataschoolspokesmancalledfutile.A.uselessB.constructiveC.derogatoryD.negative【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：星期六游行示威者占領(lǐng)加州大學(xué)圣塔克魯斯分院大樓進(jìn)入第三天，目的是抗議學(xué)費(fèi)的上漲，而學(xué)校一位發(fā)言人稱該舉動(dòng)是徒勞的。futile無(wú)益的；無(wú)用的；徒勞的。useless無(wú)用的，無(wú)效的。constructive建設(shè)性的；積極的。derogatory貶低的；貶義的。negative消極的；否定的。3．HesaidClintonmetforthreehoursand15minuteswiththeNorthKoreanleaderbutsaidhedidnotknowwhatissueswerediscussed.ButhesaidClinton’sviewsonaverifiabledenuclearizationoftheKoreanPeninsulaarewell-known.A.ambiguousB.confirmableC.imprudentD.unreal【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他稱克林頓與朝鮮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的會(huì)面持續(xù)了3小時(shí)15分鐘，但表示其對(duì)談?wù)搩?nèi)容并不知情。他指出克林頓在實(shí)現(xiàn)朝鮮半島真正無(wú)核化方面的觀點(diǎn)是廣為人知的。verifiable可證實(shí)的；可核實(shí)的。confirmable可以確定的。ambiguous含糊的；引起歧義的。imprudent不明智的，不謹(jǐn)慎的。4．Itsnegotiatinghabitistomakepromisestowinconcessions,andthenrenegeonthosepromises.A.miracleB.sillyimageC.loudhollerD.compromise【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：其談判習(xí)慣就是先承諾讓對(duì)方做出讓步，然后又違背諾言。concession讓步，妥協(xié)。compromise妥協(xié)；損害。miracle奇跡；令人驚奇的人（或事）。holler呼叫，呼救。5．TheCDCalsosaid21moredeathsfromH1N1werereportedinthepastweek,bringingtheofficialtollofpediatricH1N1deathsintheUnitedStatesto171.A.clinicalH1N1deathsC.reportedH1N1deathsB.childrenH1N1deathsD.talliedH1N1deaths【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：疾病控制和預(yù)防中心也指出，上周又有21人死于H1N1，使美國(guó)官方公布的因感染H1N1而死亡的兒童人數(shù)達(dá)到171。pediatric意為“小兒科的”，C項(xiàng)中children與之相對(duì)應(yīng)。clinical臨床的；診所的。reported據(jù)報(bào)告的，據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)的。tally計(jì)算；合計(jì)。6．AnewMichaelJacksonshowoffersaneye-poppinglookattheKingofpop’sextravagantlifestyleandpeculiarprivatetastes.A.lavishB.liberalC.unreasonableD.mandatory【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：對(duì)于邁克爾·杰克遜所用物品的新一輪展覽，使人們驚訝于“流行樂(lè)之王”奢侈的生活方式和特殊的個(gè)人愛(ài)好。extravagant奢侈的；過(guò)度的。lavish鋪張的；奢侈的；盛大的。liberal開(kāi)明的；自由的。unreasonable不合理的；非理智的。mandatory強(qiáng)制的；命令的。7．AtthedawnoftheG8summitinearlyJunethatyear,PutinlikewisegaveastarkwarningontheU.S.deploymentofmissileinterceptorsinEasternEurope.A.predictiveB.capriciousC.bluntD.intimidating【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：那年六月初G8峰會(huì)召開(kāi)時(shí)，普京同樣就美國(guó)在東歐部署導(dǎo)彈攔截系統(tǒng)提出嚴(yán)正警告。stark此處指“嚴(yán)峻的，令人不快的”，因此C項(xiàng)blunt（不客氣的；直言不諱的）與之表達(dá)意思相符。predictive預(yù)言性的；預(yù)測(cè)性的。capricious變化無(wú)常的；變幻莫測(cè)的。intimidating令人驚恐的；令人膽怯的。8．WesawthestampedeataWal-MartstoreinNewYorklastyearonBlackFridaythatledtoanemployee’sdeath,"saidBurtFlickinger,managingdirectorofconsultingfirmStrategicResourceGroup.A.frenziedrushofpanic-strickenanimalsB.headlongrushorflightofacrowdofpeopleC.suddenactiontakenbyagroupofpeopleD.impulseonwhichpeopleact【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：咨詢公司StrategicResourceGroup的總經(jīng)理表示：“我們目睹了去年黑色星期五發(fā)生在紐約一家沃爾瑪分店的踩踏事件，那次事件直接導(dǎo)致了一名店員的死亡”。stampede此處指“人群的蜂擁”，因此B項(xiàng)“人群拼命前涌或倉(cāng)皇奔逃”是對(duì)該詞含義的正確解釋。headlong頭向前地；急速地。flight逃避；躲開(kāi)。9．SusanBoyle’sdebutalbum"IDreamedaDream"isthemostpre-orderedCDinAmazon’shistory.A.officialdemonstrationC.farewelltothepublicB.formalpresentationD.firstpublicappearance【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：蘇珊·鮑爾的首張專輯《我曾有夢(mèng)》是亞馬遜歷史上預(yù)售最多的CD。debut作形容詞，意為“首張的，首場(chǎng)的，首次的”，因此D項(xiàng)“首次公開(kāi)亮相”符合該詞的含義。10．ReportersWithoutBorderssaidithasbeenoutspokenincriticizing"thecultureofimpunityandviolenceinthePhilippines,especiallyMindanao."A.extremeindifferenceC.exceptionofexaminationB.extremebarbarismD.exemptionfrompunishment【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：無(wú)國(guó)界記者組織稱其在批評(píng)“菲律賓，尤其是棉蘭老島的免責(zé)和暴力文化”方面一直很坦誠(chéng)。impunity意為“不受懲罰，無(wú)罪”，因此D項(xiàng)“免除責(zé)罰”正確，其中exemption指“豁免；免除”。barbarism野蠻狀態(tài)或行為。11．TheUnitedStateshasyettorecognizeChinaasamarketeconomy,despiteitsvowsto"worktowardChina’smarketeconomystatusinanexpeditiousmanner"monthsago,Zhousaid.A.hastyB.sluggishC.arrogantD.expressive【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：周指出，盡管數(shù)月前宣稱要“盡快承認(rèn)中國(guó)的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位”，但讓美國(guó)承認(rèn)中國(guó)為市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家尚需時(shí)日。expeditious迅速而有效率的，迅速完成的。hasty倉(cāng)促完成的；急忙的。sluggish行動(dòng)遲緩的；不機(jī)警的；懶散的。arrogant傲慢的，自大的。expressive富于表情的；富于表現(xiàn)力的。12．Thederailmentkilledatleast26peopleandinjuredabout100,buttherewasnoimmediatewordonwhoorwhatgroupmighthavebeenbehindtheaction.A.doomedplanecrashC.misfortunatetrainaccidentB.disastrouscarcrashD.deadliesttrafficaccident【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：此次火車脫軌造成至少26人死亡，約100人受傷，但還沒(méi)有關(guān)于可能為該事故負(fù)責(zé)的個(gè)人或組織的消息。derailment指“火車脫軌”，因此C項(xiàng)“不幸的火車事故”是對(duì)該詞的正確解釋。13．TheCopenhagenUNsummit—between7-18December—aimstodrawupatreatytosucceedthe1997KyotoProtocol,althoughobserverssaythisisunlikely.A.supersedeB.continueC.reverseD.mandate【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：在12月7日至18日召開(kāi)的哥本哈根世界氣候大會(huì)，其宗旨是商討《京都議定書(shū)》一期承諾到期后的后續(xù)方案，雖然觀察者表示這難以實(shí)現(xiàn)。succeed在句中指“接替；繼任”，因此A項(xiàng)supersede（取代，接替）與之表達(dá)意思相符。reverse反轉(zhuǎn)；（使）顛倒；掉換。mandate授權(quán)，委托。14．Inrecentyears,thebureaucratizationofChina’shighereducationandtheobsessionwithpoweramongprofessorshaveincreasinglyconcernedthepublic.A.enthusiasmforC.motivationforB.toleranceofD.phobiafor【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：近年來(lái)，中國(guó)高等教育的官僚化和教授們對(duì)權(quán)利的癡迷越發(fā)引起公眾的擔(dān)憂。obsessionwith指“對(duì)……的癡迷”，因此A項(xiàng)“對(duì)……的熱愛(ài)”與之表達(dá)意思相一致。motivation動(dòng)機(jī)；動(dòng)力。tolerance寬容，容忍。phobia恐懼；厭惡。15．Thetransportationactivity,ofwhichthepassengersareapart,breaksthelaw.Inthissense,thepassengersmustbeheldaccountable.A.legitimateforbeingtakenintoaccountB.responsiblefortheexplanationC.responsiblefortheactionD.responsiblefortheconsequence【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：此次運(yùn)輸觸犯了法律，而乘客作為該活動(dòng)的一部分，在這一層面上，乘客們對(duì)此活動(dòng)同樣負(fù)有責(zé)任。accountable指“負(fù)有責(zé)任的”。responsiblefortheaction“對(duì)行為承擔(dān)責(zé)任”。這一句主要講就違法的運(yùn)輸活動(dòng)負(fù)責(zé)任，這兩個(gè)意義相近，可互相替換。legitimateforbeingtakenintoaccount將其考慮在內(nèi)是合理的。responsiblefortheexplanation對(duì)解釋承擔(dān)責(zé)任的。responsiblefortheconsequences對(duì)后果承擔(dān)責(zé)任的。16．ThevibrantdemandforcheaplypricedChinesegoodshasshriveledastheeconomiccrisisdiscouragesU.S.consumersfromspending.A.disclosedB.remainedstableC.soaredupD.dwindled【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：受經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的影響，美國(guó)消費(fèi)者對(duì)于價(jià)格低廉的中國(guó)產(chǎn)品的巨大需求出現(xiàn)了下滑。shrivel（使）枯萎；（使）干枯；（使）皺縮。dwindle減少，變小，縮小。disclose公開(kāi)；揭露。remainstable保持穩(wěn)定。soarup急速上漲。17．Thelatestconundrumisthatfactoriescannotfindenoughworkerstoresumefullcapacityasordersresurge.A.mythB.riddleC.dilemmaD.puzzle【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：最近出現(xiàn)的難題是隨著訂單的增多，工廠卻無(wú)法招到足夠的工人來(lái)恢復(fù)全面生產(chǎn)。conundrum有“謎語(yǔ)；難解的問(wèn)題”兩個(gè)含義，句中取第二個(gè)意思，因此答案選C（窘境；進(jìn)退兩難）。myth神話；錯(cuò)誤的看法。riddle謎語(yǔ)；謎團(tuán)。puzzle智力問(wèn)題（或游戲、玩具）；令人費(fèi)解的人/事物。18．Hisclaimsaresooutrageousthattheydon’tdeserveanyresponse.A.trivialB.irritableC.ridiculousD.equitable【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：他的言論太離譜了，根本不值得對(duì)其做出任何回應(yīng)。outrageous離譜的；反常的。ridiculous荒謬的；荒唐的。trivial瑣碎的，無(wú)價(jià)值的。irritable易怒的；過(guò)敏的。equitable公正的，公平的。19．InApril2009,PyongyangannounceditswithdrawalfromthetalksfollowingtheUNSecurityCouncil’sunanimousdecisiontocondemnitsallegedsatellitelaunch.A.confidentialB.determinedC.claimedD.agreed【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：2009年8月，聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)一致譴責(zé)朝鮮發(fā)射衛(wèi)星，隨后平壤宣布退出會(huì)談。alleged聲稱的；被斷言的。claimed為claim“聲稱，斷言”的過(guò)去分詞形式，因此與alleged表達(dá)意思相一致。confidential秘密的；悄悄的。determined堅(jiān)定的；確定的。20．Daybyday,therelentlessprotestshavebecomethemostseriouschallengetoMilosevicinnineyearsinpower.A.desperateB.stressfulC.intoxicatingD.unyielding【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：不斷的抗議逐漸成為米洛舍維克掌權(quán)9年以來(lái)所面臨的最嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)。relentless此處指“堅(jiān)韌的；不屈不撓的”，與D項(xiàng)“不屈不撓的；堅(jiān)定不移的”表達(dá)意思相一致。desperate孤注一擲的；渴望的。stressful有壓力的。intoxicating醉人的；令人陶醉的；使興奮的。II.Grammar(10′)Directions:IneachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifythepartthatisgrammaticallyincorrect.WriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.1．ThegrammaticalwordswhichplaysolargeapartEnglishgrammarareforthemostpartsharplyandobviouslydifferentfromthelexicalwordsA.playsolargeapartB.forthemostpartC.sharplyandobviouslyD.differentfrom【答案】A查看答案【解析】該畫(huà)線部分之后為名詞詞組，因此part后應(yīng)加入介詞in，構(gòu)成playapartin短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)…有影響，發(fā)揮作用”。2．Ashumankindmovesintothethirdmillennium,itcanrightfulclaimtohavebrokennewgroundinitsage-oldquesttomastertheenvironment.A.movesintoB.rightfulC.tohavebrokenD.age-old【答案】B查看答案【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞claim（聲稱；斷言），應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞rightfully，指“合適的；恰當(dāng)?shù)?；?yīng)有的”。3．Therearegreatimpedimentstothegeneraluseofastandardinpronunciationcomparabletothoseexistinginspelling.A.movesintoB.rightfulC.tohavebrokenD.age-old【答案】D查看答案【解析】根據(jù)句中的兩個(gè)in，可知本句比較的是拼寫(xiě)和發(fā)音的generaluseofastandard，因此D項(xiàng)所對(duì)應(yīng)的畫(huà)線部分應(yīng)以that來(lái)代替thegeneraluseofastandard。4．Beingequaltootherthings,amanwhoexpresseshimselfeffectivelyissuretosucceedmorerapidlythanamanwhosecommandoflanguageispoor.A.BeingequaltootherthingsB.expresseshimselfeffectivelyC.morerapidlyD.whose【答案】A查看答案【解析】本句指“其他方面若都相同，善于表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的人，相比語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力差的人能更快獲得成功”，因此逗號(hào)前應(yīng)改為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Otherthingsbeingequal。5．Notallpersonsarrestedandaccusedwithacrimeareguilty,andthemainfunctionofcriminalcourtsistodeterminewhoisguiltyunderthelaw.A.NotallpersonsB.accusedwithC.andD.underthelaw【答案】B查看答案【解析】beaccusedof為固定搭配，指“被起訴，被指控”，因此B項(xiàng)所對(duì)應(yīng)畫(huà)線部分中with應(yīng)改為of。6．Lifeinsurance,beforeavailableonlytoyoung,healthypersons,cannowbeobtainedforoldpeople,andevenforpets.A.LifeinsuranceB.beforeavailableonlytoyoung,healthypersonsC.beobtainedforD.andevenforpets【答案】B查看答案【解析】本句想要表達(dá)的是“人壽保險(xiǎn)之前只是針對(duì)年輕和健康的人，但現(xiàn)在老人、甚至寵物也可獲得人壽保險(xiǎn)”，B項(xiàng)所對(duì)應(yīng)畫(huà)線部分中before作介詞，指“在…之前”，不符合句意，因此應(yīng)把before作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)放在persons之后，即構(gòu)成availableonlytoyoung,healthypersonsbefore。7．Asweseeinrelationtopoliticalandnationalmovements,languageisusedasabadgeorabarrierdependedonwhichwaywelookatit.A.AsB.usedasC.dependedD.whichway【答案】C查看答案【解析】本句指“語(yǔ)言被作為政治運(yùn)動(dòng)和民族運(yùn)動(dòng)的標(biāo)識(shí)，亦或是阻礙，這取決于我們是如何看待的”，C項(xiàng)畫(huà)線部分及之后的內(nèi)容作狀語(yǔ)，修飾整個(gè)句子，且與主句之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)把C項(xiàng)所對(duì)應(yīng)畫(huà)線部分改為dependingon（這取決于，根據(jù)）。8．NeverinmylifeforgettheimpressionmadeonmebymyfirstvisittothelatePremierChou.A.forgetB.madeonC.bymyfirstvisitD.thelatePremierChou【答案】A查看答案【解析】表示否定或半否定的副詞或短語(yǔ)放句首時(shí)，句子需要半倒裝，即把助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，A項(xiàng)所對(duì)應(yīng)畫(huà)線部分前缺少助動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)改為NeverinmylifedidIforget。9．Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible,butIweresobusythen.A.wouldhavetoldB.haditbeenC.butD.Iwere【答案】D查看答案【解析】前半句是對(duì)過(guò)去非真實(shí)情況的假設(shè)，使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而后半句則是對(duì)過(guò)去真實(shí)情況的介紹，不需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，be動(dòng)詞am的過(guò)去式為was，因此D項(xiàng)有誤。10．Throughtheworldwhoseadvancehasbeenmadeinscienceandtechnologyisduetoeducationwhichbringsforthscientistsandinventors.A.whoseB.hasbeenmadeC.isduetoD.which【答案】A查看答案【解析】本句指“世界范圍內(nèi)，科技領(lǐng)域所取得的任何進(jìn)步都是教育的成果，是教育培養(yǎng)出了科學(xué)家和發(fā)明家”。本句主句的主語(yǔ)為advance，系動(dòng)詞為is，A項(xiàng)所對(duì)應(yīng)畫(huà)線部分應(yīng)改為whatever“無(wú)論什么；任何（事物）”。III.Readingcomprehension(40′)Directions:Beloweachofthefollowing4passagesyouwill,findquestionsorincompletestatementsaboutthepassage.Eachstatementorquestionisfollowedbyletteredwordsorexpressions.Selectthewordorexpressionthatmostsatisfactorilycompletesoranswerseachquestioninaccordancewiththemeaningofthepassage.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40″)(1)Thisenthusiasmsurprisedme,sincethereisvirtuallynothingaboutthetheOlympicsthatisculturallyrelevanttoChina.ApartfromjudoandTaeKwonDo,whoselinkstoChinaareindirect,therearenotraditionalChineseathleticsintheGames.Inancienttimes,theChinesenobilityplayedcuju,agamethatisremotelysimilartosoccer,andchuiwan,whichresemblesgolf.TheForbiddenCityMuseumhasapaintingofaTang-dynastyemperor,Minghuang,involvedinapolo-likegamewiththepalacemaidens.ButtheheartoftheancientChineseathletictradition,andthepartofitthatwasmoreaccessibletocommonpeople,consistsofwushu,ortraditionalmartialarts,andqigong,meditativebreathingexercises.Theseactivitiesareasmuchspiritualandaestheticastheyarephysical;theirgoalisartisticexpressionandself-improvement,ratherthanwinning.TheancientChinesedidn’tbuildstadiums,becausetheirathleticswerenotdesignedtodrawpayingcrowds.TheChineselanguagedidn’tevenhaveatermfor“sports”untilthenineteenthcentury,whenforeignersintroducedamoresystematicapproachtoathletics.Chinesehistoriansdrawthelinebetweenancientandmodernsportsat1840.Thatsummer,thefirstfull-sizedBritishfleetarrivedoffCanton,acceleratingtheOpiumWarandkickingoffChina’smostpainfulhistoricalera.ThemissionariesandotheroutsiderswhoarrivedinthelatenineteenthcenturyintroducedWesternideasofcompetitiontoChineseathletics.Intheearlytwentiethcentury,ChinabegantotakeaninterestintheOlympicmovement,andasingleChinesesprintercompetedinthe1932Games.Fouryearslater,attheBerlinOlympics,Chinasponsoredadelegationofsixty-nineathletes,amongthemamixed-genderwushuexhibitionteamthatperformedbeforeHitler.Bythen,theChinesewerecommittedtotheOlympics,andtheyhadcometoseesportsasawayinwhichthecountrycouldavengetheinjusticesofthepastcentury.“TherewasafeelingofbeingtheunderdogandwantingtoprovetotheworldthattheChinesewerestrong,”JamesRiordan,oftheUniversityofSurrey,whohasstudiedsportsintheformerSovietUnionandChina,toldmewhenIcalledhim.1．Whentheauthorwrites“ApartfromjudoandTaeKwonDo,whoselinkstoChinaareindirect...”hemeansA.JudooriginatedinKoreaB.TaeKwonDeoriginatedinJapanC.BothsportswereintroducedintoChinafromothercountriesD.BothsportswereintroducedintoChinaviaathirdcountry2．Thatwushuandqigongarenotconsideredasport,accordingtotheauthor,isbecauseA.TheyarenotincludedintheOlympicsGamesB.TheyarenotrelatedevenremotelytosoccerorgolfC.TheyaregoodtolookatD.Theyarenotcompetitive3．“Amixedgenderteam”mostprobablymeansthatA.TheteamconsistsofbothmenandwomenB.TheteamconsistsofgendermaresC.TheteamconsistsofathletesofallagesD.Theteamconsistsofatheletesfromdifferentpartsofthecountry.4．JamesRiordanbelievesthatChinaseessportsasawayA.towinmedalsB.towinfriendsC.toshowstrengthofthenationD.towinpersonalreputation5．“AsingleChinesesprintercompetedinthe1932Games.”Givethenameofthisathlete.A.ZhangBolingB.LiuChangchunC.DongShouyiD.YanXiu【答案與解析】1．C 文章首句指出“這種熱情使我感到驚訝，因?yàn)閵W運(yùn)會(huì)上幾乎沒(méi)有與中國(guó)文化相關(guān)的運(yùn)動(dòng)”，接著第二句講述到“除了柔道和跆拳道與中國(guó)有著間接的關(guān)聯(lián)外，奧運(yùn)會(huì)上沒(méi)有傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)”。柔道和跆拳道分別源自日本和韓國(guó)，因此該句想要表達(dá)的是這兩種運(yùn)動(dòng)是由其他國(guó)家傳入中國(guó)的，即C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。2．D 文章第一段倒數(shù)第三、四句指出中國(guó)古代傳統(tǒng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的核心是武術(shù)和氣功，它們是身體鍛煉和精神及美學(xué)的結(jié)合，其目的是藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)和自我提升，而不是取勝（ratherthanwinning），因此這就是作者不把武術(shù)和氣功看作是體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的原因，故D項(xiàng)正確。3．A 第二段倒數(shù)第三句指出，四年之后中國(guó)參加了柏林奧運(yùn)會(huì)，派出了69名運(yùn)動(dòng)員所組成的代表團(tuán)，其中就包括amixed-genderwushuexhibitionteam，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，mixed-gender指的是“男女混合的”，因此A項(xiàng)正確。4．C 文章最后一句給出JamesRiordan所認(rèn)為的中國(guó)參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)的原因，即“TherewasafeelingofbeingtheunderdogandwantingtoprovetotheworldthattheChinesewerestrong”（感覺(jué)自己是受壓迫者/劣勢(shì)者，想要向全世界證明中國(guó)的強(qiáng)大），因此C項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思與之相符。5．B 1932年中國(guó)首次參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)，第十屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)在美國(guó)洛杉磯舉行，中國(guó)只派出了一名短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員劉長(zhǎng)春。因此B項(xiàng)正確。(2)Bynow,bothinvestigatorshadaclearvisionofwhathadhappened.Someonehadpouredliquidaccelerantthroughoutthechildren’sroom,evenundertheirbeds,thenpouredsomemorealongtheadjoininghallwayandoutthefrontdoor,creatinga“firebarrier”thatpreventedanyonefromescaping;similarly,aprosecutorlatersuggested,therefrigeratorinthekitchenhadbeenmovedtoblocktheback-doorexit.Thehouse,inshort,hadbeendeliberatelytransformedintoadeathtrap.Theinvestigatorscollectedsamplesofburnedmaterialsfromthehouseandsentthemtoalaboratorythatcoulddetectthepresenceofaliquidaccelerant.Thelab’schemistreportedthatoneofthesamplescontainedevidenceof“mineralspirits,”asubstancethatisoftenfoundincharcoal-lighterfluid.Thesamplehadbeentakenbythethresholdofthefrontdoor.Thefirewasnowconsideredatriplehomicide,andToddWillingham—theonlyperson,besidesthevictims,knowntohavebeeninthehouseatthetimeoftheblaze—becametheprimesuspect.Policeandfireinvestigatorscanvassedtheneighborhood,interviewingwitnesses.Several,likeFatherMonaghan,initiallyportrayedWillinghamasdevastatedbythefire.Yet,overtime,anincreasingnumberofwitnessesoffereddamningstatements.DianeBarbeesaidthatshehadnotseenWillinghamtrytoenterthehouseuntilaftertheauthoritiesarrived,asifhewereputtingonashow.Andwhenthechildren’sroomexplodedwithflames,sheadded,heseemedmorepreoccupiedwithhiscar,whichhemoveddownthedriveway.AnotherneighborreportedthatwhenWillinghamcriedoutforhisbabieshe“didnotappeartobeexcitedorconcerned.”EvenFatherMonaghanwroteinastatementthat,uponfurtherreflection,“thingswerenotastheyseemed.Ihadthefeelingthat[Willingham]wasincompletecontrol.”ThepolicebegantopiecetogetheradisturbingprofileofWillingham.BorninArdmore,Oklahoma,in1968,hehadbeenabandonedbyhismotherwhenhewasababy.Hisfather,Gene,whohaddivorcedhismother,eventuallyraisedhimwithhisstepmother,Eugenia.Gene,aformerU.S.marine,workedinasalvageyard,andthefamilylivedinacrampedhouse;atnight,theycouldhearfreighttrainsrattlingpastonanearbytrack.Willingham.whohadwhatthefamilycalledthe“classicWillinghamlook”—ahandsomeface.thickblackhair,anddarkeyes—struggledinschool,andasateen-agerbegantosniffpaint.Whenhewasseventeen,Oklahoma’sDepartmentofHumanServicesevaluatedhim,andreported,“Helikes‘girls,”music,fastcars,sharptrucks,swimming,andhunting,inthatorder.”Willinghamdroppedoutofhighschool,andovertimewasarrestedfor,amongotherthings,drivingundertheinfluence,stealingabicycle,andshoplifting.In1988,hemetStacy,aseniorinhighschool,whoalsocamefromatroubledbackground:whenshewasfouryearsold,herstepfatherhadstrangledhermothertodeathduringafight.StacyandWillinghamhadaturbulentrelationship.Willingham,whowasunfaithful,dranktoomuch,JackDaniel’s,andsometimeshitStacy—evenwhenshewaspregnant.AneighborsaidthatheonceheardWillinghamyellather,“Getup,bitch,andI’llhityouagain.”6．Liquidaccelerantmostprobablyis_____.A.AkindoffuelthatspeedsupthespreadoffireB.AkindofwaterthatisaccessibletotouristC.AkindoffluidthatmakeswaterflowmorequicklyD.Akindoffuelthatmakesthecarmovefaster7．TriplehomicideisacomplicatedphraseeachwordofwhichconsistingofmanyLatinaffixes,suchastri-meaningthreeand-cidemeaningkilling.Sowemayinferthatthetermmeans_____.A.ThemurdertookplaceinthreedifferentplacesB.ThearsonistkilledatotalofthreepeopleC.ThreemurderersworkingincollaborationkilledonevictimD.Threemurdererskilledthreevictims8．Whichcontradictstheeye-witnesses’accountsofthefire?A.ToddWillinghamcaresmoreabouthiscarthanhischildrenintheburninghouseB.ToddWillinghamdidnothingatalltosavehisendangeredchildrenC.ToddWillinghamdidnottellthetruthjudgedbyhisbehavioratthefiresceneD.ToddWillinghamdidnotshedtearsseeinghischildrenengulfedinthefire9．“Helikes‘girls,’music,fastcars,sharptrucks,swimming,andhunting,inthatorder”meanswhathelikesmostis_____.A.“girls”B.huntingC.fastcarsD.notclear10．Drivingundertheinfluence,orDUIforshortmeans_____.A.drunkdrivingB.forceddrivingC.drivingbyobeyingsomeone’sorderD.drivingtoanimportantplace【答案與解析】6．A 文章第一段介紹到，有人在孩子們的房間里，甚至床下都潑了liquidaccelerant，然后在毗連的走廊和前門外也潑了一些，從而形成"firebarrier"，使得任何人都無(wú)法逃脫?？赏茰y(cè)liquidaccelerant指的是“液體助燃劑”，accelerant意為“促進(jìn)劑，催化劑”。因此答案選A項(xiàng)。7．B 詞組triplehomicide出現(xiàn)在第三段開(kāi)頭“Thefirewasnowconsideredatriplehomicide”，其中前綴tri-表示“三個(gè)”，-cide意為“殺，殺傷”，可知triplehomicide指的是縱火犯害死了三個(gè)人，因此B項(xiàng)為正確答案。8．C 題干問(wèn)的是哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)的描述與目擊者對(duì)該次火災(zāi)的陳述相矛盾。該題可用排除法來(lái)做。第四段第四句一位名叫DianeBarbee的鄰居指出她看到Willingham直到相關(guān)部門到來(lái)后才試圖進(jìn)入房子，似乎在演戲一樣，因此B項(xiàng)“ToddWillingham沒(méi)有試圖救他處于危險(xiǎn)中的孩子”與原文內(nèi)容相符。而在接下來(lái)的第五句中，她又接著說(shuō)，“他似乎更關(guān)注車，他把車開(kāi)下了車道”，因此，A項(xiàng)的“比起孩子，他更關(guān)心車”與原文內(nèi)容相符。而在同一段的第六句中，他的另一個(gè)鄰居舉報(bào)說(shuō)“當(dāng)他大聲呼喊他的孩子的時(shí)候，他didnotappeartobeexcitedorconcerned，因此D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)看到他的孩子被火吞沒(méi)時(shí)，他沒(méi)有掉眼淚”與原文內(nèi)容相符。而文章中并沒(méi)有提到ToddWillingham的證詞，所以C項(xiàng)“根據(jù)他在火災(zāi)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的表現(xiàn)來(lái)看，他沒(méi)有講真話”這一點(diǎn)毫無(wú)根據(jù)。因此，本題的正確答案為C。9．A 題干所引用句子中inthatorder指“按順序排列，依次排列”，因此可知ToddWillingham最喜歡的是A項(xiàng)中的"girls"。10．A 第四段后半部分講述了ToddWillingham的成長(zhǎng)歷程，該段最后一句指出ToddWillingham高中時(shí)輟學(xué)，之后因drivingundertheinfluence、偷自行車和商店行竊等被捕。driveundertheinfluence為固定用法，指“醉酒駕駛”，因此對(duì)應(yīng)A項(xiàng)。(3)Althoughagrandparentwhoarrivesonthesceneafterthebirthofachildistraditionallypicturedcookingdinnerforsleep-deprivedparentsorstuffingthefreezerwithcasseroles,Icantellyouthatthesedaysit’smostlytakeout.Thatisnotsimplythenarrowviewofamalegrandparentwho,admittedly,wouldhavelittletoofferbywayofhome-cookedmealsoncehe’dservedtheseconddinnerofmeatloaf,accompaniedbyasaladofprewashedmesclunandareminderofhismother’sbeliefthatmeatloafisoneofthemanydishesthatalwaystastebetterthenextday.AsIwasabouttoleaveforSanFranciscolastspringtoinspectmydaughterAbigail’sfirstbaby,myson-in-law’smotherhadjustcompletedasimilarvisit,andAbigailreportedtome,“WehadsomegoodsushiwhileBrian’sroomwashere.”Brian’smotherisnotJapanese.Abigailwasreferringtotakeoutsushi—orcarryout,astheysayinSanFrancisco,since,shewarnedmeinadvance,SanFranciscoisaplacewhererestaurantsare,ingeneral,happytopreparefoodtogobutnothappytodeliverit.Incarryout,theacceptedroleofavisitinggrandparentistoduckintotherestaurantforthepickupwhileoneparentwaitsbehindthewheelofthedouble-parkedcarandthesecondparentremainsathome,holdingthebabywithonehandandsettingthetablewiththeother.Theoneexception,Abigailsaid,seemstobeChinesefood,whichdoescomedirectlytothedoor.InManhattan,thevictualscustomarilyreferredtoasTakeoutChinese—essentially,aseparatecuisine,ifthat’stheword,fromthefoodavailableinChinatown—tendtomakethetripfromrestaurantstoapartmenthousesdanglinginplasticbagsfromthehandlebarsofricketybicycles.(TheproprietorsofChineserestaurantsapparently’feelaboutbasketsthewayproprietorsofNationalHockeyLeagueteamsusedtofeelabouthelmets—sissystuff.Therestaurantproprietorsstillfeelthatwayabouthelmets.)Manhattanisessentiallyflat—I’vebeenridingabicyclearoundthecityforatleastthirtyyears,andIhaveyettoshiftgears—butSanFranciscois,famously,not.WhenmymindwanderedduringtheflightfromNewYork,IcouldpictureoneofthoseimpassivedeliveryboysfromaManhattanChineserestauranttryingtomakeitupanearlyperpendicularSanFranciscohill,hisdeterminationunaffectedbybreathlessnessorlegcrampsorthefactthattheweirdanglehasalreadycausedacontainerofhot-and-soursouptoburstopenonhistrousers.Whenmymindwasn’twandering,Iwasthinkingaboutwhethertopresentthehome-deliveryissuetoAbigailasonemorereasonwhyitmadesensetoliveinNewYorkratherthanSanFrancisco.Icouldimaginemyselfdeliveringthepitch:“Areyousayingthatyou’rewillingtoraisethischild—thisinnocentchild—inacitythathasvirtuallynodelivery,deprivingheroftheattentionofwhicheverparenthastomakethepickuporinterruptingherscheduleforatotallyunnecessarycarjourneyor,Godforbid,cooking?”IcouldalsoimagineAbigail,whoworksasalegal-serviceslawyerforchildren,replyingthat,accordingtothelawsandprecedentsshe’sfamiliarwith,thesortofbehaviorI’djustdescribedwouldnot,strictlyspeaking,constitutechildneglect.11．Amalegrandparentinthistextrefersto_____.A.Waizhufu(外祖父)ingeneralB.Bothzhufu(祖父)andWaizhufu(外祖父)C.Zhufu(祖父)ingeneralD.Waizhufu(外祖父)inparticular12．Tointerpret“thenarrowviewofamalegrandparent”weunderstandittomean_____.A.Amalegrandparent’sviewislimitedB.Amalegrandparent’sviewisnear-sightedC.AmalegrandparentislookeddownuponD.Amalegrandparentissharp-eyed13．TheNationalHockeyLeaguerefersto_____.A.AgroupofhockeyteamsfromacrossthecountryworkingtogetherforacommongoalB.AgroupofhockeyteamsfromacrossthecountryplayingagainsteachotherirregularlyC.AgroupoficehockeyteamsfromacrossthecountryworkingtogetherforcommoninterestD.Agroupoficehockeyteamsfromacrossthecountryplayingagainsteachotherregularly14．Accordingtothetext,theterrainofSanFranciscois_____.A.basicallyflatB.veryunevenC.veryflatD.basicallyuneven15．OneconvincingreasontheauthorbelievesintopersuadeherdaughtertomovebacktoNewYorkisthatManhattanboostsof_____.A.ChineserestaurantsB.FlatterrainC.Take-outfastfoodD.Delicioussushi【答案與解析】11．B 文章第一段的第三句話提到，“我”要leaveforSanFranciscolastspringtoinspectmydaughterAbigail’sfirstbaby，由此可知，作者要到舊金山的女兒家看望她的第一個(gè)孩子，因此他做了外祖父；而在這一句話的后半句又提到，myson-in-law’smotherhadjustcompletedasimilarvisit，“我兒媳的媽媽也剛剛完成了類似的訪問(wèn)”，聯(lián)系上下文，可以推斷出“我”的兒媳也剛剛產(chǎn)子，所以“我”也做了祖父，只有B項(xiàng)符合原文的內(nèi)容，因此，本體的正確答案為B。12．A narrowview指“觀點(diǎn)狹隘的，有偏見(jiàn)的”，因此A項(xiàng)中“viewislimited”與之表達(dá)意思相符。13．D NationalHockeyLeague“北美冰球聯(lián)盟”，是由北美冰球隊(duì)伍所組成的職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)聯(lián)盟，現(xiàn)有30支隊(duì)伍，是全世界最高層級(jí)的職業(yè)冰球比賽。NHL的賽季分為例行賽和季后賽，最后一輪在季后賽勝出的球隊(duì)便獲得史丹利杯冠軍。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)只有后半部分不同，可知D項(xiàng)中“定期進(jìn)行對(duì)抗賽”的表述正確。14．B 第二段倒數(shù)第二句指出曼哈頓的地勢(shì)基本上是平坦的，并提到“butSanFranciscois,famously,not”，即舊金山的地勢(shì)是出了名的不平坦，因此B項(xiàng)為正確答案。uneven不平坦的，凹凸不平的。15．B 最后一段作者指出他在想要不要向女兒提出舊金山在送餐方面的問(wèn)題，以此作為勸女兒在紐約而非舊金山居住的理由之一，結(jié)合上文提到的舊金山的餐館非常樂(lè)意準(zhǔn)備外賣食品，而不愿送飯，并且舊金山地勢(shì)不平坦，送飯不方便，由此可知作者勸女兒回紐約居住的原因之一是曼哈頓的地勢(shì)平坦。因此答案選B。(4)Since1970,thepopulationoftheUnitedStateshasgrownbyfortypercent,whilethenumberofregisteredvehicleshasincreasedbynearlyahundredpercent—inotherwords,carshaveproliferatedmorethantwiceasfastaspeoplehave.Duringthissameperiod,roadcapacityincreasedbysixpercent.Ifthesetrendscontinuethrough2020,everydaywillresembleagetawayday,withitsmixtureofcommuters,truckers,andrecreationaldrivers,whotaketotheroadwithoutregardfortraditionalpeaktraveltimes,producingcongestionalldaylong:trucksthatcan’tmakedeliveriesontime,peoplewhocan’tgettoorfromwork,airqualitythatcontinuestodeteriorateascommercesuffersandourover-allgeopoliticalpositionweakensbecauseweareforcedtobecomeevermoredependentonforeignoil.Thisisthewaytheworldends:notwithabangbutatrafficjam.Whatcanyoudoaboutthetraffic?Takethetrain?Thetrainmaybeoutofcommission;Amtrak,thenation’spassengerrailservice,maybeoutofbusinessbeforetoolong.Fly?Airlinesarecuttingflightsandraisingpricestooffsetheavylosses.Managetrafficbetter?Therearemanyschemesformanagingtraffic,butnotverymanypracticalwaystoreducethenumberofvehiclesontheroads.Evenifpeoplehaveanalternativetodriving,asdomanyNewYorkers,overtimeaneverlargernumberofcommuterschoosetodrive.Today,about3.6millionpeoplemaketheirwayintoManhattan’s“hub”(theareabelowSixtiethStreet)eachworkday—abou