高考英語熱點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)系列：-狀語從句(完整版)《費(fèi)用全免》

PAGEPAGE1高考英語熱點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)系列：——狀語從句（完整版）一狀語從句高考的考查特點(diǎn)1.試題的設(shè)問呈現(xiàn)出交叉和綜合的特點(diǎn)(不同性質(zhì)的連詞;定語從句和名詞性從句的干擾)2.題干句的情景化增強(qiáng),句意理解難度提高二能力要求：1.了解狀語從句的分類情況及各種狀語從句中經(jīng)常使用的連詞2.能夠在真實(shí)的語境中判定從句與主句的邏輯關(guān)系,從而能夠使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞完成交際.3.能夠辨別同類狀語從句中近似連詞的用法區(qū)別.三狀語從句的定義、功能、分類定義：在復(fù)合句中作狀語的從句功能：狀語從句在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞，或整個(gè)主句分類：按意義可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等狀語從句。從句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。放在句首時(shí)，從句后面常用一個(gè)逗號(hào)，放在句末時(shí)，從句前一般不用逗號(hào)?！Ｒ娍键c(diǎn)：

考點(diǎn)一、主句與從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問題；

考點(diǎn)二、連接詞的選擇（注意區(qū)別幾組連接詞：while

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as

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when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；because

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since

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as

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for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；if

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unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；so…that

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such…that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句等）；

考點(diǎn)三、狀語從句與非謂語動(dòng)詞之間的替換；

考點(diǎn)四、狀語從句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)（hardly

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scarcely…when；no

sooner…than等）考點(diǎn)五、根據(jù)從句與主句的邏輯關(guān)系選用從屬連詞；2.根據(jù)從屬連詞的詞義?！锼?、分類：狀語從句按其作用可分為九類。1．時(shí)間狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：(注意其漢語意義)when,while,as,before,after,since,until(till)onceassoonas,themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,each/everytime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,nexttime,bythetime,whenever等。例如：Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometomyhelp.IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.注意：（1）when,while,as的區(qū)別：1)when引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)，主從句的動(dòng)作有先有后，也可以同時(shí)進(jìn)行,從句的動(dòng)作可以是持續(xù)性的，也可以是短暫的。如：WhenIgottotheairport,theplanehadalreadytakenoff.（主先從后）（短暫性）WhenIlivedthere,IusedtogototheseasideonSundays.(同時(shí))（持續(xù)性）Whenthemovieended,thepeoplewentback.（從先主后）2)while側(cè)重主從句動(dòng)作的對(duì)比，且從句的動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性的。如：Whilewewerechattingshewaslookingatthetimetableonthewall．3)as引導(dǎo)從句時(shí)側(cè)重主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從句的動(dòng)作可以是持續(xù)性的，也可以是短暫的。如：SometimesIwatchTVasIamhavingbreakfast．4）when和while還可以是并列連詞，意分別為“就在這時(shí)”，“然而”。eg.Iwashavingarestonthesofawhenthetelephonerang．Theyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblemwhiletheycouldn’t.注：并列連詞when常用與以下句型中：①…was/weredoing…when…（正在做…突然）②…was/wereabouttodo…when…（剛要做…突然）③…was/wereonthepointofdoing…when…(剛要做…突然)④…h(huán)adjustdone…when….(剛一…就)⑤Hardly/Scarcelyhad…done…when…(剛一…就)(2)before引導(dǎo)從句時(shí),詞義非常靈活，注意下列句子中的before的詞義：①.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,thetailorhadmeasuredme.(還沒來得及就)②Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.(還沒…就)③.Wehadsailed4daysbeforewesawland.(…才…)④.Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.(趁還…沒就)(3)till(until)和not…till(until)till(until):主句謂語動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性的，意思是“到…為止“如：Heremainedtheretill/untilshearrived.not…till(until)…:主句謂語動(dòng)詞必須是短暫性的，意思是“直到…才”如：Shewon’tgotobedtill/untilhereturnshome.not…until還有強(qiáng)調(diào)式和倒裝式：強(qiáng)調(diào)句：Itisnotuntilhereturnshomethatshewillgotobed.倒裝句：Notuntilhereturnshomewillshegotobed.(4)幾個(gè)極易混淆的時(shí)間狀語從句：Itwas+時(shí)間點(diǎn)+when…（當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候時(shí)間是）Itwas5amwhenwearrivedatthevillage.Itwas/willbe+時(shí)間段+before…(沒過…就／過了…才)Itwas/willbetwoweeksbeforewemet/meetagain.Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since…（自從…以來有…）Itis/hasbeen3yearssincewelastmet.突破點(diǎn)：一看be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，二看時(shí)間段還是時(shí)間點(diǎn)。注意：在“Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since…”句型中，從句的動(dòng)詞必須是短暫性的，如果是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，時(shí)間要從從句的動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)算起。如：Itis3yearssinceIsmoked.(我戒煙有三年了)2．條件狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：if,unless,as/solongas,as/sofaras,onconditionthat,incase(萬一),themore…,themore…等。如：As/SofarasIcansee(amconcerned),itwillbeimpossibleforthemtofinishthetask.Themorebooksyouread,thehappieryouwillfeel．(前面為從句)3．原因狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：because,since,nowthat,as等。注意because,since,as的區(qū)別：１）why的語氣最強(qiáng)，它引導(dǎo)的從句比主句更重要，從句的位置可前可后；例外回答why的問句必須使用because。如：-Whywereyouabsentfromthemeetingyesterday?-BecauseIwasill.2)since和nowthat意為“既然”，語氣僅次于because,從句的位置一般在前面。Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting．3)as的語氣比since更弱，意思是“由于”，從句的位置可前可后。如：Asyoudidn’tturnupatyesterday’sget-together,wemissedyouverymuch．４）*for也有“因?yàn)椤敝?，但for是并列連詞常用來來補(bǔ)充說明原因或用來表示推斷的依據(jù)，前面常帶逗號(hào)。如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet．4．讓步狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：though,although,as,evenif/though,nomatterwh-，wh-ever,whether…or…等。如：Howeverlate/Nomatterhowlateheis,hisfamilywillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.Childasheis,heknowsalot.(as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須倒裝)Whetheritisfineornot,Iwillgoboating．5．地點(diǎn)狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：*where,wherever等。如：Putthebookwhereitis．6．比較狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：*as…as,*notso(as)…as,*than等。注意：(1)在表達(dá)倍數(shù)時(shí)，可用三種句型：1)A…＋倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋thanB如：Thisbuildingistwicetallerthanthatone．2)A…＋倍數(shù)＋as原級(jí)as＋B如：Thisbuildingisthreetimesastallasthatone．3)A…＋倍數(shù)＋thesize(height,weight,lengthetc．)＋ofB如：Thisbuildingisthreetimesthesizeofthatone．(2)三種句型變式：①倍數(shù)＋more＋名詞＋than②倍數(shù)＋asmany/much＋名詞＋asAmericanseatmorethantwiceasmanyvegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesusestwiceasmuchenergyasthewholeofEurope.7．方式狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：as,asif/though等．注意：asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句常用虛擬語氣，表示非真實(shí)情況．Hetalksaboutthemoonasifhehadbeenthere．(從句動(dòng)作先發(fā)生)Shetreatedtheboyasifhewere/washerownchild．(主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)8．目的狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：sothat,that,inorderthat，incase(以免),forfearthat，lest（以免）等。如：Moststudentsgotocollege(so)thattheycanbeengineers,teachersorchemists．注意：從句中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,could,may,might等提示為目的狀語從句．9．結(jié)果狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有：so…that,such…that,sothat等。如：Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn’tsupporthisfamily.Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark..Tomstudiedveryhardsothathepassedtheexam.五、用法靈活的as,when,while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句1.as可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間、原因、讓步、比較和方式等5種狀語從句。2.when可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間、條件和原因等3種狀語從句。Howcanweexplainittoyouwhen(=if)youwon'tlisten.Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalktherein5minutes3.while可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間、讓步、條件和原因等4種狀語從句。While(=Though)Ilikethecolorofthehat,Idon’tlikeitsshape.While(=Aslongas)thereislifethereishope.--I’mgoingtothepostoffice.–While(=Since)youarethere,canyougetmesomestamps?六、狀語從句的省略——當(dāng)時(shí)間、條件、讓步、方式和比較狀語從句的主語與主句一致或?yàn)閕t或there且謂語動(dòng)詞含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，從句中的主語和謂語可以一起省去。如：Don’tspeakuntilspokento.(省略了youare)Ihavenomoney.Ifany,Iwilllendyousome.(省略了thereis)Thoughcold,hestillworeashirt.(省略了itwas)Someflowersshutupatnightasiftosleep.(省略了theywere)七、狀語從句與定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換1)Makemarkswhereyouhavequestions．(地點(diǎn)狀語從句)→Makemarksattheplaceswhereyouhavequestions．(定語從句)2)Itissuchanadvancedtheorythatfewpeopleunderstandit.(結(jié)果狀語從句)→Itissuchanadvancedtheoryasfewpeopleunderstand．(定語從句)鞏固練習(xí)1__________,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.(2007重慶)StrangeasmightitsoundB.AsitmightsoundstrangeAsstrangeitmightsoundD.Strangeasitmightsound2.____tomorrow,ourshipwillsetsailforMacao.(2007上海春)HowevertheweatherislikeB.HoweveristheweatherlikeC.WhateveristheweatherlikeD.Whatevertheweatherislike3.____________,hetalksalotabouthisfavouritesingersafterclass.(2005重慶)A.AquietstudentashemaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemayD.Quietashemaybeastudent4.________hehaslimite