重慶市第一中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2023年重慶一中高2024屆高二下期期末考試英語(yǔ)測(cè)試試題卷英語(yǔ)試題卷共8頁(yè)。滿(mǎn)分150分。考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時(shí)，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.答非選擇題時(shí)，必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆，將答案書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無(wú)效。第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.Whichkindofmusicdoesthewomanprefernow!A.Rockandroll.B.Jazz.C.Classicalmusic.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abusinesslunch.B.Alocalrestaurant.C.Anewmeetingroom.3.Howlongdiditprobablytakethewomantotraveltowork!A.Onehour.B.Oneandahalfhours.C.Threehours.4.WhatdidAlfielovedoinginthepark?A.Feedingducks.B.Playingfootball.C.Swimminginthelake.5.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Wearasuit.B.Bringhisworkswithhim.C.Knowmoreaboutthemuseum.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后面有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodototheman?A.GethimaBand-Aid.B.Takehimtothehospital.C.Puthisfingerincoldwater.7.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Relieved.B.Angry.C.Worried.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atahotel.B.Atatravelcompany.C.Atarestaurant.9.WhatdidMr.Johnsonenjoyabouthistrip?A.Theservice.B.Thepeople.C.Thefood.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Strangers.11.WheredoesJakeworknow?A.InLiverpoolB.InLondon.C.InBirmingham.12.HowwillKatecontactJake?A.Bycallinghim.B.Bywritingletterstohim.C.Bysendingemailstohim.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemandoeveryday?A.Checkthewaterquality.B.Washthefishbowl.C.Feedthefish.14.Howmanyfishdoesthemanown?A.3.B.10.C.20.15.Whatisprobablycausingthefish’sstrangebehavior?A.Thattherearetoomanyfishinthebowl.B.Thatthereisn’tenoughlight.C.Thattheweatheristoohot.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Callhisanimaldoctor.B.Visitthewoman’sshop.C.Orderaspecialfanforhisfishbowl.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatisECRNdoing?A.Encouragingpeopletocutfewertrees.B.AdvertisingfortripsinEuropeancities.C.Showingpeoplehowtobetterusetheirrooftops.18.Whatsurprisedthespeakerabouttheproject?A.Howmuchspacecanbeused.B.Howmuchpowercanbesaved.CHowmuchwatercanbecollected.19.Whatcantouristsbenefitfromtheproject?A.Theywillreceivefreestays.B.Theywillhaveanewtravelexperience.C.Theywillbeabletojointheorganization.20.WhatnewswillGaryreportabout?A.Travels.B.Business.C.Sports.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分60分)第一節(jié)(共19小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分47.5分)ALisinoprilWhatislisinopril?Lisinoprilisamedicinetotreathighbloodpressure.Thismedicineisonlyavailableonprescription.Itcomesastablets.Italsocomesasaliquidforpeoplewhofindithardtoswallowtablets,butthishastobeorderedspeciallybyyourdoctor.ImportantinformationTomakesurelisinoprilissafeforyou,tellyourdoctorifyouhave:●Heart,liverorkidneyproblems●Diabetes(糖尿病)●Higherlevelsofpotassium(鉀)inyourbloodWomenwhoarepregnantcan’ttakethemedicine.Itcouldharmtheunbornbaby.HowshouldItakelisinopril?●Takelisinoprilexactlyasprescribedbyyourdoctor.Followalldirectionsonyourprescriptionlabel.Yourdoctormaysometimeschangeyourdose(劑量)tomakesureyougetthebestresults.●Drinkplentyofwatereachdaywhileyouaretakingthismedicine.●Lisinoprilcanbetakenwithorwithoutfood.●Yourbloodpressureneedstobecheckedoften,andyoumayneedfrequentbloodtests.WhatifIforgettotakeit?Ifyoumissadoseoflisinopril,takeitassoonasyouremember.Ifyoudon’trememberuntilthefollowingday,skipthemisseddose.Donottakeadoubledosetomakeupforaforgottenone.Ifyouforgetdosesoften,itmayhelptosetanalarmtoremindyou.WhatshouldIavoidwhiletakinglisinopril?●Avoiddrinkingalcohol,becauseitcanfurtherloweryourbloodpressureandmayincreasecertainsideeffectsoflisinopril.●Avoidgettinguptoofastfromasittingorlyingposition,oryoumayfeeldizzy.Getupslowlyandsteadyyourselftopreventafall.1.Whatdoweknowaboutlisinopril?AItcomesinliquidform. B.Itmustbetakenwithfood.C.Itcanbeusedtotreatdiabetes. D.Itisharmfultopregnantwomen.2.Whatdoyouneedtodowhentakinglisinopril?A.Visitadoctoronadailybasis. B.Liveonamainlyvegetariandiet.C.Doenoughphysicalexercisedaily. D.Havefrequentbloodpressuretests.3.Whatshouldyoudoifithasbeenalmostadaysinceyoumissedadose?A.Takeyournextdoseontime. B.Skipthefollowingdosesfordays.C.Takeadoseassoonasyouremember. D.Havemorewhentakingyournextdose.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹藥物L(fēng)isinopril以及相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Importantinformation中Womenwhoarepregnantcan’ttakethemedicine.Itcouldharmtheunbornbaby.可知，懷孕的婦女不能吃這種藥。它可能會(huì)傷害未出生的嬰兒。所以，這種藥對(duì)孕婦有害。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowshouldItakelisinopril?中Yourbloodpressureneedstobecheckedoften,andyoumayneedfrequentbloodtests.可知，服用lisinopril時(shí)需要經(jīng)常進(jìn)行血壓測(cè)試，也可能要經(jīng)常驗(yàn)血，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhatifIforgettotakeit?中Ifyoumissadoseoflisinopril,takeitassoonasyouremember.Ifyoudon’trememberuntilthefollowingday,skipthemisseddose.Donottakeadoubledosetomakeupforaforgottenone.可知，如果自從你錯(cuò)過(guò)了一劑藥，你已經(jīng)有將近一天沒(méi)有服藥了，跳過(guò)忘記的劑量，不要服用雙倍劑量的藥物來(lái)彌補(bǔ)忘記的劑量。也就是按時(shí)服用下一劑藥。故選A。BAsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鵝)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(職業(yè))asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI’dfindthereandIwasn’tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe’dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciouslandtoberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.4.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A.Trychallengingthings. B.Takeadegree.C.Bringbacklostmemories. D.Sticktoapromise.5.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A.Lovelypenguins. B.Beautifulscenery.C.Adiscountfare. D.Afriend’sinvitation.6.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A.Itcouldbeahomeforher. B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C.Itshouldbewellpreserved. D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achildhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了71歲的GinniBazlinton從小就對(duì)旅行有著深深的熱愛(ài)，渴望探險(xiǎn)，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開(kāi)始周游世界，并在2008年開(kāi)始了前往南極洲的旅程?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.(在奇切斯特大學(xué)獲得相關(guān)藝術(shù)學(xué)位后，Ginni開(kāi)始周游世界，最終在日本和智利找到了教英語(yǔ)的工作。)”可知，此處是指做有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情，所以taketheplunge意為“嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情”。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFuego.(正是在智利，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己可以在最后一刻買(mǎi)到從火地島附近島嶼前往南極洲的廉價(jià)船票)”可知，是折扣的票價(jià)讓Ginni決定去南極洲旅行的。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.(意識(shí)到這是一塊寶貴的土地，應(yīng)該受到人類(lèi)的尊重，這是Ginni最深刻的感受之一)”可知，旅行結(jié)束后，Ginni認(rèn)為南極洲應(yīng)該得到很好的保護(hù)。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了GinniBazlinton去南極旅行的經(jīng)歷，再根據(jù)第一段“Thesegentlelovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.(這些溫柔可愛(ài)的看門(mén)人歡迎了她，并開(kāi)始了一次Ginni永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記的旅行)”和倒數(shù)第二段GinniBazlinton對(duì)南極之旅的評(píng)價(jià)可知，文章主要介紹了GinniBazlinton的南極洲之旅讓她非常難忘。由此可知，Anunforgettableexperience.(一次難忘的經(jīng)歷)能夠概括文章主旨。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】CLifeisnotalwayssmoothandeasy.Sometimeswemayencounteradversity,suchasillness,loss,failure,orconflict,whichtestourresilienceandcourage.Inthesesituations,wemayfeellonelyandhelpless,andloseconfidenceandhope.However,wearenotalone.Wehaveourfamilymembers,whocanplayasignificantroleinhelpingusovercomeadversity.Familyisthemostintimateandtrustworthygroupofpeopleinourlives.Theyshareourbloodandgenes,andhaveadeepbondwithus.Theyknowourstrengthsandweaknesses,ourjoysandsorrows,ourdreamsandfears.Theycareaboutourwell-beingandhappiness,andarewillingtosacrificeforus.Theycanofferusunconditionalloveandacceptance,whichcanhealourwoundsandsootheourpain.Familyisalsothemostsupportivegroupofpeopleinourlives.Theyhavealonghistoryandrichculture,andhaveaprofoundimpactonourvaluesandbeliefs.Theycanteachusimportantlessonsandskills,suchashonesty,responsibility,cooperation,andperseverance.Theycanalsoprovideuswithvariousresourcesandassistance,suchasmoney,information,advice,orconnections.Theycanhelpuscopewithchallengesanddifficulties,andfindsolutionsandopportunities.Familyisalsothemostinspiringandmotivatinggroupofpeopleinourlives.Theyhavetheirownstoriesandachievements,andhaveagreatpotentialforgrowthanddevelopment.Theycansetexamplesforustofollowandadmire.Theycanalsochallengeustoimproveourselvesandpursueexcellence.Theycanencourageustoexploreourinterestsandtalents,andfollowourpassionsandgoals.Theycansupportusinourendeavors,andcelebrateoursuccessesandcontributions.Insummary,familyisanindispensablepartofourlives,especiallywhenwefaceadversity.Theycanplayapositiveroleinmanyaspects,suchasgivingusloveandacceptance,teachinguslessonsandskills,providinguswithresourcesandassistance,settingexamplesforus,challengingustoimproveourselves,encouragingustofollowourpassions,supportingusinourendeavors,celebratingoursuccesses.Therefore,weshouldappreciateourfamilymembersandexpressourgratitudeandaffectiontothem.8.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.Wefacedifficultiesandchallengesinlife.B.Adversitychallengesourstrengthandbravery.C.Wefeelhopelesswhenwefacetheproblems.D.Familiesprovidesupportintimeofadversity.9.Whatdoestheauthorimplybysaying“Theyshareourbloodandgenesandhaveadeepbondwithus”?A.Wehavethesamebloodtypeasourfamilymembers.B.Familymembersarewillingtogiveuptheirlivesforus.C.Wearegeneticallyandemotionallyclosetoourfamilymembers.D.Wehavelittleincommonwithfamilymembers.10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasalessonorskillthatfamilycanteachus?A.Honesty. B.Responsibility. C.Cooperation. D.Competition.11.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisconclusioninthelastparagraph?A.Byrestatinghisopinion. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byaskingquestions. D.Byofferinghissuggestions.【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章講述的家人在我們生活中的重要性，家人在逆境中為我們提供支持，是我們最信賴(lài)的人，給我們愛(ài)和接納，教我們課程和技能?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Lifeisnotalwayssmoothandeasy.Sometimeswemayencounteradversity,suchasillness,loss,failure,orconflict,whichtestourresilienceandcourage.Inthesesituations,wemayfeellonelyandhelpless,andloseconfidenceandhope.However,wearenotalone.Wehaveourfamilymembers,whocanplayasignificantroleinhelpingusovercomeadversity.(生活并不總是一帆風(fēng)順的。有時(shí)我們可能會(huì)遇到逆境，如疾病、損失、失敗或沖突，它們考驗(yàn)著我們的韌性和勇氣。在這種情況下，我們可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)和無(wú)助，失去信心和希望。然而，我們并不孤單。我們有我們的家庭成員，他們可以在幫助我們克服逆境中發(fā)揮重要作用。)”由此可知本段主要講述在逆境中，家人會(huì)給予我們支持和幫助，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Familyisthemostintimateandtrustworthygroupofpeopleinourlives.Theyshareourbloodandgenes,andhaveadeepbondwithus.Theyknowourstrengthsandweaknesses,ourjoysandsorrows,ourdreamsandfears.Theycareaboutourwell-beingandhappiness,andarewillingtosacrificeforus.Theycanofferusunconditionalloveandacceptance,whichcanhealourwoundsandsootheourpain.(家人是我們生活中最親密、最值得信賴(lài)的一群人。它們擁有我們的血液和基因，與我們有著深厚的聯(lián)系。他們知道我們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，我們的歡樂(lè)和悲傷，我們的夢(mèng)想和恐懼。他們關(guān)心我們的幸福和快樂(lè)，愿意為我們犧牲。他們可以給予我們無(wú)條件的愛(ài)和接納，這可以治愈我們的創(chuàng)傷，撫慰我們的痛苦。)”可知家人和我們不但有血緣關(guān)系，還是彼此互相了解，在生活中給予關(guān)系和幫助，所以作者的意思是我們?cè)诨蛏虾颓楦猩隙己图彝コ蓡T很親近。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theycanteachusimportantlessonsandskills,suchashonesty,responsibility,cooperation,andperseverance.(他們可以教會(huì)我們重要的課程和技能，比如誠(chéng)實(shí)、責(zé)任、合作和毅力。)”可知家人可以教給我們的一課或技能沒(méi)有提到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Insummary,familyisanindispensablepartofourlives,especiallywhenwefaceadversity.Theycanplayapositiveroleinmanyaspects,suchasgivingusloveandacceptance,teachinguslessonsandskills,providinguswithresourcesandassistance,settingexamplesforus,challengingustoimproveourselves,encouragingustofollowourpassions,supportingusinourendeavors,celebratingoursuccesses.(總之，家人是我們生活中不可缺少的一部分，尤其是當(dāng)我們面臨逆境時(shí)。他們可以在很多方面發(fā)揮積極的作用，比如給我們愛(ài)和接納，教我們課程和技能，為我們提供資源和幫助，為我們樹(shù)立榜樣，挑戰(zhàn)我們提高自己，鼓勵(lì)我們追隨自己的激情，支持我們的努力，慶祝我們的成功。)”可知最后一段作者是通過(guò)舉例來(lái)支持自己的結(jié)論的，故選B。DTheriseofrobotshasraisedthepossibilityoffuturewherethereissimplylessworkforhumanstodo.Totiredworkers,aworldwhereallhadabitmoreleisuretimesoundsrathernice.Yetwhatreallymattersishowworkwillbedistributedacrosstheworkforce.Therecentpastshowthereisnoreasontobelieveitwillbeevenlyspread.ThelengthoftheaverageworkingweekintheUKhasdeclinedsteadilyfromabout59hoursinthemid-19thcenturyto32hoursin2009.Butaverageshidealot.Whiletrendsamongwomenhavebeenstable,therehavebeenbigshiftsamongmen.Malesinwell-paidfull-timeemploymentarenowworkingslightlylongerhoursonaveragethantwodecadesago.Meanwhile,meninfull-timeemploymentatthebottomofthewageladderareworkingmuchless.Ontopofthat,thenumberoflow-paidmenwhoworkpart-timehasincreasedsharply.Twentyyearsago,oneintwentymenwithlowhourlywagesworkedpart-time;todayitisoneinfive.AnalysisbytheInstituteforFiscalStudiesshowsthisphenomenonisonlyhappeningamongthelow-paid.Inbetterpayingjobs,part-timemenarestillfairlyrare.Genderroleswithinfamiliesmighttendtobesimilartoo.Low-paidmenmaybechoosingtoshouldermorechildcareresponsibilitiessotheirparentscanreturntowork.Yetitisclearthatthedistributionofworkwillmattertopeople.Britainhasbothoveremploymentandunderemploymentproblems:Officialdatashow3.4mpeopleinBritainwanttoworkmorehourswhile3.2mwanttoworkfewhoursforlesspay.Theunderemployedarelikelytobewaitersorcleaners.Theoveremployedaremostlikelytobedoctorsorchiefexecutives.Thisindicatesaneconomywheredemandandsupplyofskillsareoutofsync.Nobodyknowsforsurehowthenextwaveofautomationwillshakeupdemandfordifferentskills.Perhapsdoctorswillgainthefreetimetheydesire.Othersmightfindthemselvesingreaterdemand.Butshortofdevelopingamuchbettersystemfortrainingpeoplequicklyforthejobstheeconomyneeds,itseemslikelythatinthefuture—asnow—therewillbetoomuchworkforsome,andtoolittleforothers.12.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Thedevelopmentofrobotswillgetridofhuman’swork.BFutureleisuretimewillbeallocatedevenlyacrosstheworkforce.C.UKhastakensomemeasurestostopthedeclineofworkinghours.D.Theaveragemaynotaccuratelyindicatethesteadydeclineofworkinghours.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthedistributionofworkinBritain?A.Fair. B.Imbalanced. C.Stable. D.Uncertain.14.WhatcanwelearnfromtheanalysisbytheInstituteforFiscalStudies?A.Part-timemenhaveincreasedonlyamongthelow-paid.B.Morewell-paidmenarechoosingtoworkpart-time.C.Part-timemenrarelyshoulderchildcareresponsibilities.D.Low-paidmenaretoblameforthelowemployment.15.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetotalamountofhumanlaborwillbedecreased.B.Bettertrainingsystemwillbebuiltacrosstheworld.C.Robotscontributetounevendistributionacrosstheworkforce.D.Thenumberoflow-paidmenwhoworkpart-timehasincreased.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是篇議論文。文章主要闡述了機(jī)器人的興起造成了勞動(dòng)力分配不均，如果不能建立一個(gè)更好的系統(tǒng)來(lái)快速培訓(xùn)人們以適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)所需的工作，未來(lái)很可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些人的工作太多，而另一些人的工作太少的局面。12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“ThelengthoftheaverageworkingweekintheUKhasdeclinedsteadilyfromabout59hoursinthemid-19thcenturyto32hoursin2009.Butaverageshidealot.”（在英國(guó)，平均每周工作時(shí)間從19世紀(jì)中期的59小時(shí)穩(wěn)步下降到2009年的32小時(shí)，但是平均數(shù)隱藏了很多東西。）可知，平均值背后隱藏了很多不確定因素，所以可能無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確地表明工作時(shí)間的穩(wěn)步減少。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Britainhasbothoveremploymentandunderemploymentproblems:”（英國(guó)既有過(guò)度就業(yè)問(wèn)題，也有就業(yè)不足問(wèn)題。）和“Thisindicatesaneconomywheredemandandsupplyofskillsareoutofsync.”（這表明一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體的技能需求和供給不同步。）可知，在英國(guó)，同時(shí)出現(xiàn)了過(guò)度就業(yè)和就業(yè)不足的問(wèn)題，工作分配不均衡。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ontopofthat,thenumberoflow-paidmenwhoworkpart-timehasincreasedsharply.”（最重要的是，從事兼職工作的低收入男性數(shù)量急劇增加。）和“AnalysisbytheInstituteforFiscalStudiesshowsthisphenomenonisonlyhappeningamongthelow-paid.”（英國(guó)財(cái)政研究所的分析顯示，這種現(xiàn)象只發(fā)生在低收入人群中。）可知，從事兼職工作的男性只在低收入人群中有所增加。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Theriseofrobotshasraisedthepossibilityoffuturewherethereissimplylessworkforhumanstodo.”（機(jī)器人的興起增加了未來(lái)人類(lèi)有更少的工作可做的可能性。）、“Yetwhatreallymattersishowworkwillbedistributedacrosstheworkforce.”（然而，真正重要的是工作將如何在勞動(dòng)力中分配。）和第二段“Therecentpastshowthereisnoreasontobelieveitwillbeevenlyspread.”（最近的過(guò)去表明，沒(méi)有理由相信它會(huì)均勻分布。）及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要闡明了機(jī)器人的興起，使得未來(lái)人們能夠從事的工作可能會(huì)變少，也導(dǎo)致了勞動(dòng)力分配不均的問(wèn)題。故選C。EAnenvironmentalgroupinColombiaisleadingaprojecttosavewildareasintheSanLucasMountainswiththehelpofcoffeegrowers.Since2016,SanLucasareashavebeenthreatenedbyminingandcoca(古柯)planting.Goldminersandcocagrowersmakemoremoneythancoffeefarms.NowthegroupWebConservahelpslinkcoffeefarmerswithcoffeeprocessorsfromaroundthecountryinorderthattheycanearnmore.Atthesametimecoffeefarmscanserveasboardersaroundtheforeststoprotectthebiodiversitywithin.Todate,theprojectincludes10familieswhofarm400hectaresofcoffeeplants.WebConservasaidithopes,intime,200familieswillbeincluded.Atthatlevel,20,000hectaresofuntouchedforestcouldbeprotected.Thefamiliespromisenottocutdowntreestoexpandtheircropsortohuntwildanimals.Inreturn,theyreceive$300for125kilogramsofcoffee.ArcadioBarajasisamongthosetakingpart.Hiscoffeefarmsetsupabarrierbetweencattlefarmsandforestswherewildanimalslive,thusreducingthepossibilityofconflictbetweencattlefarmersandwildanimals.“Cuttingdowntheforesttoplantcocaandkillingwildlifewereagainstmyfaith,andnowIfeelthatgrowingcoffeeletsmebeagoodguardoftheland,”hesaid.ArnobisRomeroisaformercocagrowerandminer.“Manyfamiliesdependedonillegalactivitiestosupporttheirchildrenyearsago.Now,wefeelitadutytolookafterthisbiodiversityandleaveitforfuturegenerations,”hesaid.ActivistswantSanLuvastobeprotectedasanationalpark,buttheprocesshasbeenslow.CarlosValderrama,directorofWebconserva,hopestheprojectcanbuildproductionsystemthatwilllastfarintothefuture.“Itprotectsforests,biodiversityandecosystemsatthesametimeasimprovingcoffeegrowers’qualityoflife,”hesaid.16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto?A.Coffeefarmers. B.WebConservamembers.C.Goldminers. D.Cocagrowers.17.HowdoesWebConservamemberssavewildareasinSanLucas?A.Byincreasingcattlefarms. B.Bysettingupabarrier.C.Rydevelopinggoldmining. D.Byencouragingcoffeefarming.18.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningArcadioBarajasandArnobisRomero?A.Familieshaveenoughmoneyfortheirchildren.B.Theprojectwillattractmoreandmorefamilies.C.Coffeefarmingchangedthelivesoftheformercocagrowers.D.Coffeeplantingwilllastforseveralgenerations.19.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Familiesprotectingwildlifewillgetveryrich.B.SanLucaswilldevelopintoanationalparkinthenearfuture.C.Goldminingandcocafarminghavebeenreplacedrapidly.D.WebConservabenefitsecosystemsandlocalpeople’slife.【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了哥倫比亞的一個(gè)環(huán)保組織WebConserva幫助和鼓勵(lì)哥倫比亞農(nóng)民嘗試種植咖啡以保護(hù)環(huán)境。【16題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中“NowthegroupWebConservahelpslinkcoffeefarmerswithcoffeeprocessorsfromaroundthecountryinorderthattheycanearnmore.(現(xiàn)在，WebConserva組織通過(guò)將咖啡種植者與全國(guó)各地的加工商聯(lián)系起來(lái)，以便他們能賺更多的錢(qián)。）”由WebConserva幫助咖啡種植者與全國(guó)各地的加工商建立聯(lián)系可知，劃線(xiàn)詞they指的是“咖啡種植者”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Todate,theprojectincludes10familieswhofarm400hectaresofcoffeeplants.WebConservasaidithopes,intime,200familieswillbeincluded.Atthatlevel,20,000hectaresofuntouchedforestcouldbeprotected.Thefamiliespromisenottocutdowntreestoexpandtheircropsortohuntwildanimals.Inreturn,theyreceive$300for125kilogramsofcoffee.(到目前為止，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目包含10個(gè)農(nóng)戶(hù)，他們種植了400公頃的咖啡樹(shù)。WebConserva表示，希望有朝一日最終能將200個(gè)農(nóng)戶(hù)家庭囊括在內(nèi)。這樣，就有2萬(wàn)公頃的原始森林可以得到保護(hù)。這些家庭承諾不砍伐樹(shù)木來(lái)擴(kuò)大作物種植，也不捕獵森林里的野生動(dòng)物。作為回報(bào)，他們可以從125公斤咖啡中獲得300美元。)”可知，WebConserva通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)當(dāng)?shù)鼐用穹N植咖啡以拯救圣盧卡斯的野生地區(qū)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“‘Cuttingdowntheforesttoplantcocaandkillingwildlifewereagainstmyfaith,andnowIfeelthatgrowingcoffeeletsmebeagoodguardoftheland,’hesaid.(他說(shuō)：“砍伐森林種植古柯和殺害野生動(dòng)物違背了我的信仰，現(xiàn)在我覺(jué)得種植咖啡讓我成為了土地的好管家。”)”以及第五段中“‘Manyfamiliesdependedonillegalactivitiestosupporttheirchildrenyearsago.Now,wefeelitadutytolookafterthisbiodiversityandtoleaveitforfuturegenerations,’hesaid.(他說(shuō)：“許多家庭幾年前就依靠非法活動(dòng)來(lái)供養(yǎng)他們的孩子?，F(xiàn)在，我們感到有責(zé)任照顧好這種生物多樣性，把它留給后代?！?”可知，這兩個(gè)以前古柯種植者通過(guò)種植咖啡有了很大改變，可推斷，作者打算通過(guò)提及ArcadioBarajas和AmobisRomero來(lái)說(shuō)明咖啡種植改變了以前古柯種植者的生活。故選C項(xiàng)【19題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘Itprotectsforests,biodiversityandecosystemsatthesametimeasimprovingcoffeegrowers’qualityoflife,’hesaid.(他說(shuō)：“這在保護(hù)森林、生物多樣性和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的同時(shí)，也提高了咖啡種植者的生活質(zhì)量?！?”可知，WebConserva有益于生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦纳?。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whetheryoucan’tgetmotivatedtocleanyourhouseoryoujustaren’tfeelingmotivatedtoloseweight,alackofmotivationcanbethebiggestobstacletoreachingyourgoals.Whenyouhavenomotivationtocompleteatask,considerthepossiblereasonswhyyou’restruggling._____20_____Performsomebehavioralexperimentstoseewhichstrategiesbesthelpyoureachyourgoals.ActasIfYouFeelMotivatedActasifyoufeltmotivated,andyouractionsmaychangeyouremotions._____21_____Considerwhatyou’dbewearing,howyou’dbethinking,andwhatactionsyou’dbetaking.Then,dothesethings,andseeifyourmotivationlevelincreases._____22_____Whenyou’restrugglingwithmotivation,you’lllikelycomeupwithalonglistofreasonswhyyoushouldn’ttakeanyaction.Youmightthink,“It’llbetoohard,”or,“I’llnevergetitdoneanyway.”Thesetypesofthoughtswillkeepyoustuck.Whenyouthinkyou’regoingtofail,thinkofallthereasonswhyyoumightsucceed.There’sachancethatthingsmightworkoutbetterthanyouexpect.ManageYourTo-DoListIt’stoughtofeelmotivatedwhenyourto-dolistisoverwhelming.Ifyoufeellikethere’snohopeingettingeverythingdone,youmightnottrytodoanything.Takealookatyourto-dolist,anddetermineifit’stoolong._____23_____Youmightfindaslightchangeinyourto-dolist.Orthewayyouviewyourto-dolistwillhelpyoutoseeyourtasksasmoremanageable.Everyonestruggleswithmotivationissuesatonetimeoranother.Carefullyconsidertheunderlyingthoughtsandfeelingsthatareaffectingyourdrive.Thewayyourespondtoyourlackofmotivationiswhatmatters,however._____24_____A.ArguetheOppositeB.Beproudofwhatyouarecapableof.C.Ifso,getridoftasksthataren’tessential.D.Then,developaplantohelpmotivateyourselftogetgoing.E.Wewilldiscusshowtostaymotivatedthroughoutyourstudies.F.Bekindtoyourself,andexperimentwithstrategiesthatmotivateyou.G.Soaskyourself,“WhatwouldIbedoingrightnowifIfeltmotivated?”【答案】20.D21.G22.A23.C24.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。提供了一些應(yīng)對(duì)做事沒(méi)有動(dòng)力的方法?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Whenyouhavenomotivationtocompleteatask,considerthepossiblereasonswhyyou’restruggling.（當(dāng)你沒(méi)有動(dòng)力去完成一項(xiàng)任務(wù)時(shí)，考慮一下你為什么掙扎的可能原因。）”可知，這里建議先找到?jīng)]有動(dòng)力完成任務(wù)的原因，下一步再采取措施。故D項(xiàng)“Then,developaplantohelpmotivateyourselftogetgoing.（然后，制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃來(lái)激勵(lì)自己開(kāi)始行動(dòng)。）”符合語(yǔ)境。then起到順承的作用。故選D?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Actasifyoufeltmotivated,andyouractionsmaychangeyouremotions.（表現(xiàn)得好像你有動(dòng)力一樣，你的行為可能會(huì)改變你的情緒。）”可知，這里建議開(kāi)始表現(xiàn)自己有動(dòng)力做事，能有積極的效果。以及空后“Considerwhatyou’dbewearing,howyou’dbethinking,andwhatactionsyou’dbetaking.Then,dothesethings,andseeifyourmotivationlevelincreases.（考慮一下你會(huì)穿什么，你會(huì)怎么想，你會(huì)采取什么行動(dòng)。然后，做這些事情，看看你的動(dòng)力水平是否提高了。）”，可知，這里回答了空白處的設(shè)問(wèn)。故G項(xiàng)“Soaskyourself,“WhatwouldIbedoingrightnowifIfeltmotivated?”（所以問(wèn)問(wèn)你自己，“如果我感到有動(dòng)力，我現(xiàn)在會(huì)做什么?”）”符合語(yǔ)境，是對(duì)下文的提問(wèn)。故選G?！?2題詳解】空白處位于小標(biāo)題位置，簡(jiǎn)潔明了，根據(jù)下文“Whenyouthinkyou’regoingtofail,thinkofallthereasonswhyyoumightsucceed.（當(dāng)你覺(jué)得自己要失敗的時(shí)候，想想所有你可能成功的原因。）”可知，這里建議我們從相反的角度考慮。故A項(xiàng)“ArguetheOpposite（相反的觀點(diǎn)）”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Takealo