新人教版選擇性必修二詞匯課件 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures-核心詞

詞匯課堂

版本：新人教

單元：選擇性必修

Book2Unit2重難點(diǎn)詞motivate隱喻一詞多義英語(yǔ)釋義involveexpose一詞多義英語(yǔ)釋義一詞多義一詞多義英語(yǔ)釋義behave一詞多義

depressgainengage英語(yǔ)釋義搭配義含有

up的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞行為抽象名詞一詞多義participate正式用語(yǔ)根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊。Allofuswereconfidentandeagerto____________________________________________________（參加）theclassdiscussion./joinin正式用語(yǔ)takepartin/participatein/engagein正式用語(yǔ)participate［正式用語(yǔ)］參與；參加:

I’llhavetoparticipateinasportingactivitythatday.2017全國(guó)

Anystudentwhoisinterestediswelcometoparticipate.2016全國(guó)詞匯拓展participantn[C]

參與者；參加者participatevi

詞族:participate,participant,participation

vt&vi（使）參加；（使）參與tobedoingorbecomeinvolvedinanactivity：engagesbinconversationOnly10%ofAmericanadultsengageinregularexercise.Evidenceindicatesthatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain.2009浙江改TheProgramaimstoencouragestudentstoengagethemselvesinmakingadifferenceinsociety.2011天津改engage

v

[正式用語(yǔ)]en-“in”（make使）+gage（pledge加入），基本義為“使加入”engage

詞源

vt

吸引（?。﹖oattractsb’sattentionandinterest：engagesb’sinterest/attentionIt’samoviethatengagesboththemindandtheeye.

vt

雇用；聘請(qǐng)toemploysbtodoaparticularjob：engagelocalpeopleasvolunteersHerfatherengagedatutortoimprovehermaths.engage

語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖（使）某人“加入”活動(dòng)使注意力“加入”（使）某人“加入”工作（使）參加；（使）參與吸引（?。┕陀?；聘請(qǐng)（使）加入基本義engage

[正式用語(yǔ)]

忙于；從事于：Iwastotallyengagedinmystudyandseldompaidattentiontomymother’sfeelings.2011江蘇改Ican’tcometodinneronTuesday—I’motherwiseengaged.

已訂婚的：ShewasengagedtoPeter.

被占用的；使用中的：Sherangafriendbutthelinewasengaged.?engagement

n[C]訂婚；約定；（與……的）親密關(guān)系：ShehasbrokenoffherengagementtoCharles.Ifweinvestlittletimeinaperson,ourengagementwiththatpersonwilldecline.2011福建?engagedadj詞匯拓展本杰明·富蘭克林(BenjaminFranklin,1706—1790)，美國(guó)政治家,美國(guó)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期的重要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之一。同時(shí)他也是一位物理學(xué)家，發(fā)明了避雷針，最早提出電荷守恒定律。9這是一句教育名言，有人說(shuō)它出自本杰明?富蘭克林，更多的人認(rèn)為它是一句荀子經(jīng)典語(yǔ)錄的英文版。你能把這個(gè)句子翻譯成中文嗎？荀子involve不聞不如聞之，聞之不如見之，見之不如知之，知之不如行之；學(xué)至于行之而止矣。行之，明也。——《荀子·儒效》involvevt

包含；需要tomakesthnecessaryinanactivityorsituation：involve(doing)sth:Acrosstalkperformanceinvolvestalking,imitating,singingandtellingjokes.Theworkofanelephanttrainerinvolvesloveanddevotion.2010上海改

涉及；影響to

affectorberelatedtosb/sth：Ifyourgoalinvolvesotherpeople,putyourselfintheirpositions.2009上海

Howmanyvehicleswereinvolvedinthecrash?側(cè)重某事物成為其必要的組成部分側(cè)重某人/物受到影響involve由前綴in-+詞根volve組成，in-意為“進(jìn)入”“使”，volve意為“卷入”。involve的詞源義和基本義是“使卷入”。involve詞源解讀

使參加tomakesbtakepartinsth：involvesb/oneself(insth):Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesactively/deeply/heavilyincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.2014福建詞匯拓展involved

adj

參與的；投入的：be/getinvolved(in/with):Whateveryoudo,don’tbeabystander.Get

involved.2016

四川Childrencangetalotoutofbeinginvolvedinvolunteerwork.Fathersareencouragedtobemoreinvolvedwiththeirchildren.involvement

n

[U]參與

(participation)involve語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖包含需要“使卷入”因而包含涉及；影響“使(人)卷入”某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)使參加“使卷入”因而是必要組成部分“使卷入”因而與之有關(guān)聯(lián)使卷入基本義involvemotivate同義異構(gòu)：encourage/inspiremotivatevt使有動(dòng)力；激發(fā)；激勵(lì)：Researchershaveidentifiedseveralfactorsthatmotivate

people

togetinvolvedinvoluntarywork.2015江蘇改Whilesomepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.2016江蘇詞匯拓展?motivatedadj

積極的；主動(dòng)的：AftereveryrunIfeelfitter,happierandmoremotivatedtokeepprogressing.2011湖南改motivationn

[U]積極性；動(dòng)力theenthusiasmfordoingsth：Thesemethodscanhelpimprove/increasestudents’motivation

andinterest.

[C]動(dòng)機(jī)；誘因theneedorreasonfordoingsth：Escapecanbeastrongmotivationfortravel.詞根前綴/后綴單詞派生詞

mot

pro-(向前

forward)promotev促進(jìn)；晉升promotionn促進(jìn)；晉升re-(向后、往回back)remoteadj遙遠(yuǎn)的-ivemotiven動(dòng)機(jī)motivatev激勵(lì)motivatedadj

積極的；主動(dòng)的motivationn

積極性；動(dòng)機(jī)-ormotorn發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)；馬達(dá)-ionmotionn運(yùn)動(dòng)；動(dòng)e-(外

out);-ionemotionn感情；情緒emotional

adj

情緒(上)的；情感(上)的mot詞根從上表中可以看出，詞根mot意為“動(dòng)/移動(dòng)(move)”，由該詞根構(gòu)成的詞大多含有此義。expose暴露在陽(yáng)光下揭露內(nèi)幕使面臨/遭受使接觸expose詞源解讀expose的詞源義和基本義是“使顯露；使暴露”(toleavewithoutshelterordefense)。exposevt

使暴露；使顯露toshowsththatisusuallyhidden：Beingexposedtosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.Hesmiledsuddenly,exposingasetofamazinglywhiteteeth.

揭露；揭發(fā)toshowthetruthaboutsborsth,especiallywhenitisbad：Ithreatenedtoexposehimtothepolice.

使面臨；使處于……的作用/影響之下toputsb/sthinasituationthatcouldbedifficultordangerous：Heexposedhimselftocriticismbyfailingtocheckthefactsinthearticle.Thereportsaidthatworkershadbeenexposedtohighlevelsofradiation.

使接觸；使體驗(yàn)togivesbthechancetoexperiencesth：Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.Iamrepeatedlyexposedtothebasicwordsandlearnhowtheyareusedtoexplainobjectsandideas.2010遼寧詞匯拓展?exposedadj

無(wú)遮蔽的；無(wú)保護(hù)的；易受攻擊的：Walkingdeepintotheforest,wesuddenlyfeltveryexposed.exposuren[U]

暴露；顯露：Scientistsworrythatexposuretolightwhilesleepingcanincreaseaperson’schancesofgettingcancer.2013天津改

揭露；揭發(fā)：the

exposureofillegaldeals

［常用單數(shù)］接觸；體驗(yàn)expose語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖使被隱藏或遮蓋的事物“顯露”使某人或某事物壞的方面“顯露”使某人或某物“暴露”于險(xiǎn)境等使某人“暴露”于新的機(jī)會(huì)或體驗(yàn)使暴露；使顯露揭露；揭發(fā)使面臨；使處于……的作用/影響之下使接觸；使體驗(yàn)expose使顯露；使暴露基本義暴露；顯露揭露；揭發(fā)接觸；體驗(yàn)exposeexposurebehave媽媽經(jīng)常會(huì)跟孩子說(shuō)“要乖乖的哦！”“乖乖的哦!”這句話用英語(yǔ)怎么表達(dá)呢？Behaveyourself!

vi表現(xiàn)

toactinaparticularway(act)：Hewasalittleboy,buthebehavedasif

/thoughhewasanadult.

vi&vt（使）舉止規(guī)矩；（使）表現(xiàn)得體toactinacorrectorappropriateway：badly-/well-behaved

childrenbehaveoneself:Studentsshouldbeencouragedtodevelopgoodhabitsandbetterbehavethemselves.2011

浙江behave

v基本語(yǔ)義語(yǔ)義縮小behavio(u)r

[U]

行為；舉止：Thisisnotafamilywherebadbehaviorgoesunpunished.Ithinkallofusshouldmindourbehaviorinpublicplaces.2012福建書面表達(dá)

[C]&[U]（物體等）反應(yīng)；性能；行為方式；習(xí)性：thebehavioroftinunderheatNobodybeforeJanefullyunderstoodchimpbehaviour.詞匯拓展人物珍妮·古道爾(JaneGoodall)，是世界上擁有極高聲譽(yù)的動(dòng)物學(xué)家，致力于野生動(dòng)物的研究和保護(hù)。她在二十多歲時(shí)前往非洲的原始森林，為了觀察黑猩猩，度過(guò)了三十八年的野外生活。她奔走于世界各地，呼吁人們保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物、保護(hù)地球的環(huán)境。depress看圖猜詞義depress將（某物）壓下；推下；拉下

［正式用語(yǔ)］將（某物）壓下；推下；拉下：depressabutton

使抑郁；使沮喪；使消沉:Rainyweatheralwaysdepressesme.

使蕭條；削弱：Severalfactorscombinedtodepressthehousingmarket.depress

vt

fromde-（down向下）+press（按；壓），基本義為“下壓”。depress

詞源詞族：depress,depressed,depressing,depression,depressivedepress語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖下壓depress（基本義）“下壓”物體“下壓”情緒將（某物）壓下；推下；拉下使抑郁；使沮喪；使消沉“下壓”經(jīng)濟(jì)

使蕭條；削弱詞匯拓展?depressedadj

抑郁的；沮喪的veryunhappy,oftenforalongperiodoftime：Don’tgetdepressedabout

thespiltmilk.

?depressingadj

令人沮喪的?depressiveadj

患抑郁癥的；抑郁的n[C]抑郁癥患者depressionn

[C]&[U]沮喪；消沉；抑郁（癥）：getintoastateofdepression

[C]不景氣；蕭條期：HisfamilybusinesswasruinedintheGreatDepressionoftheearly1930s.2011山東press詞根記詞匯pressv

壓impress

v

蓋??；使留下深刻印象

im-向內(nèi)；向里+press→向內(nèi)壓→蓋印→印入頭

腦→使留下深刻印象expressv

表達(dá)

ex-向外

+press→（把想法）向外壓→表達(dá)depressv

使沮喪

de-向下

+press

→（使情緒）向下壓→使沮喪pressure

n壓力

press+-ure……的行為→壓的行為結(jié)果→壓力Nopain,nogain.不勞無(wú)獲。/一分耕耘，一分收獲。gaingainv

vt（使）獲得；贏得togetorwinsth,especiallysththatiswantedorneeded：gainadegreeHerhonestygainedherthetrustofherteacher.

vt&vi獲（益）togetanadvantagefrom(doing)sth：gainadvantagesfromThere’snothingtobegainedbylosingyourtemper.Wegainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.2009安徽

vt增加

tograduallygetmoreofsth反lose：Ihavegainedalotofweightrecently.Theyoungpeoplegraduallygainconfidenceintheirabilities.

vt&vi（鐘、表等走得）快：Mywatchgains(by)severalminutesaday.gainground變得更強(qiáng)大/更成功/更有效；逼近n

[C]好處；利益；[U]利潤(rùn)：Theofficial’sillegalgainswillbeturnedintonationaltreasury.Hewilldoanythingforgain.

[C]&[U]增加

反lose：againinearningsRegularexerciseisthebestwayofpreventingweightgain.gain語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖“獲得”某物鐘表等“獲得”時(shí)間“獲得”益處“獲得”體重、信心等（使）獲得；贏得獲（益）增加（鐘、表等走得）快獲得gain（基本義）好處；利益；利潤(rùn)增加vn寫作高級(jí)用詞，經(jīng)常與抽象名詞搭配使用：1.Weallgainedalotfromtheexperience.2.Theplanerapidlygainedheight.3.Wemanagedtogainentrythroughabackwindow.4.“Senseofgain”,whichmeansthepublicsharethefruitsofreformwithhappiness,gainspopularityrapidly.5.Nopain,nogain.含有up的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞speakupupgrowupcheerupbreakupburnupturnupsetupcutupputup1.up表示“向上/向高處移動(dòng)”：___________________________2.up表示示“完全/徹底”：________________________3.up表示“成碎片或分成幾部分”：_______________________3.up表示“（數(shù)量、程度等）增加/上升：_______________________學(xué)習(xí)含有up

的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以從up

入手，理解了up

的各義項(xiàng)，有助于理解和記憶相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。growup,setup,putupeatup,burnupbreakup,cutupeatupspeakup,turnup,cheerup抽象名詞比起中文來(lái)，英文不但富于抽象名詞，也喜歡用抽象名詞。——余光中行為抽象名詞由動(dòng)詞派生而來(lái)的抽象名詞叫作行為抽象名詞。

寫出下列單詞的名詞形式。vnparticipatemotivateexpectexposedepartadaptqualifyparticipationmotivationexpectationexposuredepartureadaptationqualification根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)及提示，用上頁(yè)表中的抽象名詞的詞塊完成下列句子。1.Evenabrief__________________________(暴露于)radiationisverydangerous.

2.Theyhadreceivednonewsofhimsincehis__________________________(離開家鄉(xiāng)).3.Shewasresponsiblefor

__________________________(改編這本小說(shuō))intoastageplay.

4.Wearelookingforwardtoyouractive__________________________(參與)voluntarywork.

5.Avictoryinthisgamewill__________________________(使他們獲得資格)fortheWorldCup.(earn)

exposuretodeparturefromhishometown

earnthemqualification

theadaptationofthenovel

participationinparticipation,motivation,expectation,exposure,departure,adaptation,qualification英語(yǔ)中的metaphor（隱喻）來(lái)源于希臘語(yǔ)metaphora，該詞由meta-(over)和pherein(tocarry)合成，合起來(lái)意思是

tocarryover（拿過(guò)來(lái)）。因此，隱喻的本質(zhì)是用一種事物來(lái)理解另一種事物，并且多是參照熟悉的、有形的、具體的事物來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)和表達(dá)無(wú)形的、抽象的事物。隱喻是一種思維方式，無(wú)處不在，它是多義詞產(chǎn)生詞義的主要理?yè)?jù)。建立隱喻思維能更好地理解和掌握由基本義到衍生義這一思維。隱喻metaphor選擇性必修B2U1——B2U2典型詞單詞基本義比喻義castashadow(選必B2U1)投射影子蒙上一層陰影belt(選必B2U2)腰帶地帶/地區(qū)depress(選必B2U2)按下

使抑郁/沮喪angle(選必B2U2)角角度/觀點(diǎn)grasp(選必B2U2)抓住理解/領(lǐng)悟expose(選必B2U2)露出揭露recall(選必B2U2)召回召回（殘損貨品等）；回憶起隨堂檢測(cè)participate在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Weencouragestudentstoparticipatefully__________therunningofthecollege. 2.Detailsofthecompetitionareavailableatall____________(participate)stores. 3.Itwouldbeencouragingtosee_____________(participate)byallagegroups.

participatingparticipationinengage一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Theyneverlearnedskillstoengagetheattentionoftheothers.__________2.ThecompanyhasengagedtwomaledancersfromtheBolshoi（莫斯科大劇院）. __________3.Thosewhoengagedinnophysicalactivitywere26percentmorelikelytohavesymptomsofdepression3yearslaterthanthosewhoexerciseregularly.（2014上海） __________吸引參加/參與雇用二、在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Astudyshowsthestudentswhoare__________(engage)

inafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthanthosewhoarenot.（2019天津）

2.Theytriedtoengagehim__________conversation. 3.Theproblemisthatifweinvestlittletimeinaperson,our__________(engage)withthatpersonwilldecline（減弱）untileventuallyitdiesinto“someoneIonceknew”.4.Sheisengaged__________

anactor. toengagementinengaged一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.（2014

福建）

___________2.Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhichinvolvesspendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.（2013

福建）

___________3.“Genius”isacomplicatedconcept,involvingmanydifferentfactors.（2012

上海）___________4.Manystoriesinvolvesomekindofconflictordanger.___________參加

需要

涉及

與……有關(guān)

involve二、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1.Parentsshould___________________（參與）theirchild’seducation.2.Morethan100people_______________（參與）theproject.3.Iwasso__________________（全神貫注看書）thatIdidn’thearyouknock.4.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstress____________（與……有關(guān)）variousevents.（2016

上海）involvethemselvesinwereinvolvedininvolvedinmybookisinvolvedin在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.AftereveryrunIfeelfitter,happierandmore__________(motivate)tokeepprogressing.

2.Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks__________(motivate).3.Hermotivation__________writingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation.（2014湖北改）

4.Theplanisdesignedtomotivateemployees__________(work)moreefficiently.motivatemotivatedmotivationfortowork一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.I’vemadealivinglookingforthebestdealsandexposingtheworsttricks.（2013

全國(guó)）

___________2.Childrenexposedtomultiple（多種的）languagesmaybebetternaturalcommunicators.

___________3.InsomeMiddleEasterncountries,exposingyourfleshisforbidden,especiallyifyouareawoman.（2014

重慶）

___________二、將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。1.她越接觸中國(guó)文化，就越喜歡。______________________________________________________________2.不要將嬰兒置于強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光下。______________________________________________________________揭露

使接觸

/使體驗(yàn)

使暴露/使顯露

exposeThemoresheisexposedtoChineseculture,themoreshelikesit.

Don’texposethebaby/babiestostrongsunlight.

一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Weliveinaglobalvillage,butthisdoesn’tmeanthatweallbehaveinthesameway.（2012

安徽）

______________

2.Shealwaysbehaveswellwhenherauntscometovisit.______________3.Thesocialbehaviour

ofdogsissimilartothatofwolves.______________

4.IwantyoubothtobeonyourbestbehaviouratGrandad’s.______________behave舉止規(guī)矩表現(xiàn)盡量舉止得體社交行為二、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)，完成下列句子。1.Hewaspraisedforhis_______________（良好舉止）.2.Weguaranteeto_________________（守規(guī)矩）tomorrow.3.A(n)__________________（守規(guī)矩的孩子）earnsagreatreward.（2014福建）

well-behavedchildbehaveourselvesgoodbehaviour4.He___________________（他表現(xiàn)得像）nothingoutoftheordinarywashappening.5.Whenevertherewasafullmoonhewould________________（表現(xiàn)奇怪）.behavedasifbehavestrangelydepress一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Thethoughtoftakingtheexamagaindepressedhim.______________2.Awarwilldepresstheglobaleconomy.______________3.Highinterestratesmaydepressshareprices.______________二、在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Shefeltvery__________(depress)aboutthefuture.

2.Lookingforajobthesedayscanbevery__________(depress). 3.Thepatientissufferingfrom__________(depress)

.depresseddepressingdepression使沮喪使蕭條降低gain一、用gain把下列漢語(yǔ)譯成英語(yǔ)。1.獲得信心_________________2.獲得廣