美國文學(xué)簡史-序言-introduction

AmericanLiteraturePartI.IntroductionBooks:

ASurveyofAmericanLiterature(goodandauthoritativebook)byChangYaoxinandSelectedReadingsinAmericanLiteraturebyChangYaoxinarecoursebooks.References:

1.常耀信.《漫話英美文學(xué)》(南開大學(xué)出版社，2004),2.吳偉仁.《美國文學(xué)史及選讀》(外語教學(xué)與研究出版社，1990),3.楊豈深，龍文佩.《美國文學(xué)選讀》(譯文出版社，1985),4.左金梅.《美國文學(xué)》(青島海洋出版社,2000),5.李公昭.《20世紀(jì)美國文學(xué)導(dǎo)論》(西安交通大學(xué)出版社，2000).

Requirement:Gradeofthiscourseincludesthegradeofdailyperformance(30%)andthegradeoffinalexamination(70%).Thegradeofdailyperformancewillbegivenaccordingtothefollowingitems:in-classbehavior(25%),includingquestion-answering,groupdiscussionandroleplay;homeworkandattendance.

(5%).BasicQualitiesofAmericanWritersIndependentIndividualisticCriticalInnovativeHumorousPartII.TheperiodsofAmericanliteratureThecolonialperiod(about1607-1765)PuritanismFeatures:文學(xué)體裁：a、narrativesb、journals寫作內(nèi)容：1）theirvoyagetothenewland2)Adaptingthemselvestounfamiliarclimatesandcrops3)AboutdealingwithIndians4)Guidetothenewland,invitationtoboldspirit清教徒的思想：1）puritanwanttomakeuppuretheirreligiousbeliefsandpractices凈化信仰和行為方式2)Wish

torestoresimplicitytochurchandtheauthorityoftheBibletothetheology.重建教堂，提供簡單服務(wù)，建立神圣地位3）lookuponthemselvesaschosenpeople,anditfollowlogicallythatanyonewhochallengedtheirwayoflifeisopposingGod'swillandisnottobeaccepted.認(rèn)為自己是上帝選民，對(duì)他們的生活有異議就是反對(duì)上帝4）puritanoppositiontopleasureandtheartssometimeshasbeenexaggerated.反對(duì)對(duì)快樂和藝術(shù)的追求到了十分荒唐的地步5）religiousteachingtendedtoemphasizetheimageofawrathfulGod.強(qiáng)調(diào)上帝嚴(yán)厲的一面，忽視上帝仁慈的一面。TheperiodofEnlightenmentandtheIndependenceWar(1765-1800)BenjaminFranklin（1706—1790）

PoorRichard'sAlmanac“TheWaytoWealth

TheAutobiography3.Theromanticperiod(1800-1865)1、Environment:1)shapedbytheirNewWorldenvironment2）arrayofideasinheritedfromtheromantictraditonsofEurope2：features:frequentlysharedcertaingeneralcharacteristics,moralenthusiasm,faithinthevalueofindividualismandintuitiveperception,andapresumptionthatthenaturalworldwasasourceofcorruption.“NewEnglandTranscendentalism”or“AmericanRenaissance(1836-1855)”EmersonThoreauWashingtonIrvingTheearlyromanticism4.Therealisticperiod(1865-1914)

一、Background1）Mechanization機(jī)器化2）Urbanization城市化3）Industrialization工業(yè)化4）Federalgovernment(race種族平等進(jìn)入憲法）標(biāo)志著馬克·吐溫的《鍍金時(shí)代》開始5）Railwaysystem工業(yè)化的一大標(biāo)志，電力和石油的應(yīng)用二、文化