1-02 源語篇的風(fēng)格及解讀

2023年新高考英語讀后續(xù)寫提分技能1.02源語篇的風(fēng)格及解讀知識知識回顧1風(fēng)格是指能夠引發(fā)讀者的持久審美享受的、作者的創(chuàng)作個(gè)性在作品中的有機(jī)整體中所顯現(xiàn)出來的基本特色。作者的創(chuàng)作個(gè)性很大程度上體現(xiàn)在其對語言的選擇與組合上，包括對詞匯、語法結(jié)構(gòu)、修辭等的選擇。風(fēng)格的構(gòu)建依靠語言符號手段（語音、詞匯、語法）和非語言符號手段（修辭、語體、文字標(biāo)點(diǎn)、圖表符號、篇章結(jié)構(gòu)等）。語言風(fēng)格是因語言表達(dá)方式、美學(xué)效果等的不同而形成的一種語言風(fēng)貌和格調(diào)；語體風(fēng)格是在特定的交際領(lǐng)域中語言社會功能變體所呈現(xiàn)的一種語言風(fēng)貌和格調(diào)。語體風(fēng)格是語言風(fēng)格的一部分。就語體功能而言，一個(gè)語篇的語體風(fēng)格往往具有整體性，同一語篇單位里的每個(gè)語體要素都要指向同一語體類型才有統(tǒng)一的語體風(fēng)格與效果。▲語體與風(fēng)格語體與風(fēng)格的生存基礎(chǔ)不同。語體的生存基礎(chǔ)是語言運(yùn)用的功能域。域場的性質(zhì)決定體的類屬。風(fēng)格生存的基礎(chǔ)是語體，語體所轄的具體語篇是風(fēng)格得以生成、存在的根基是風(fēng)格賴以生存的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)沒有語體就沒有風(fēng)格。風(fēng)格則是附著在語體之上的美學(xué)形態(tài)對語體的具體語篇起著一種修飾作用。這種修飾作用可以是正向的也可以是負(fù)向。語體與風(fēng)格在物化程度上?存在著差別。語體的物化程度遠(yuǎn)高于風(fēng)格，其物質(zhì)上可把握的形式標(biāo)記使其具有可復(fù)制性、可重復(fù)性和可預(yù)測性。正因?yàn)槠渚哂羞@三性才為語言運(yùn)用提供了廣闊的空間人們才有可能以相同的語用模式創(chuàng)造出無限的語篇。而風(fēng)格則不然，因其物化程度較低無論從表達(dá)者或接受者的角度看都存在著個(gè)體的差異性。語體對于言語社群具有公眾的規(guī)約功能，凡處在同一個(gè)言語社群的成員，一旦進(jìn)入特定的交際領(lǐng)域就必須遵守約定俗成的語體模型進(jìn)行交際。而風(fēng)格對于語用者來講卻疏于這種公眾的規(guī)約性，它允許個(gè)體在語言運(yùn)用中，充分發(fā)揮主觀上的能動作用，創(chuàng)造出個(gè)性各異的風(fēng)格。方法策略方法策略2風(fēng)格不僅反映在原文的語言形式上，如詞匯選擇、語法選擇或修辭的使用等，還體現(xiàn)在原文的思想觀點(diǎn)、主題及語氣等這些隱形的因素上。例如，在下面這篇讀后續(xù)寫任務(wù)中，原文的首句“AfunnythinghappenedtoArthurwhenhewasonthewaytoworkoneday”中的“afunnything”已經(jīng)奠定了本文的歡快、幽默或輕松等文章表述風(fēng)格，因此在對文章結(jié)尾部分的續(xù)寫中，我們也應(yīng)考慮這種風(fēng)格，這樣才能在使原文的故事有個(gè)結(jié)局的同時(shí)，在語篇的形式與內(nèi)涵方面也實(shí)現(xiàn)連貫性。AfunnythinghappenedtoArthurwhenhewasonthewaytoworkoneday.AshewalkedalongParkAvenueneartheFirstNationalBank,heheardthesoundofsomeonetryingtostartacar.Hetriedagainandagainbutcouldn’tgetthecarmoving.Arthurturnedandlookedinsideatthefaceofayoungmanwholookedworried.Arthurstoppedandasked,“Itlookslikeyou’vegotaproblem,”Arthursaid.

“I’mafraidso.I’minabighurryandIcan’tstartmycar.”

“IstheresomethingIcandotohelp?”Arthurasked.Theyoungmanlookedatthetwosuitcasesinthebackseatandthensaid,“Thanks.Ifyou’resureitwouldn’tbetoomuchtrouble,youcouldhelpmegetthesesuitcasesintoataxi.”

“Notroubleatall.I’dbegladtohelp.”

Theyoungmangotoutandtookoneofthesuitcasesfromthebackseat.Afterplacingitontheground,heturnedtogettheotherone.JustasArthurpickedupthefirstsuitcaseandstartedwalking,heheardthelongloudnoiseofanalarm.

Itwasfromthebank.Therehadbeenarobbery(搶劫)!

ParkAvenuehadbeenquietamomentbefore.Nowtheairwasfilledwiththesoundofthealarmandtheshoutsofpeoplerunningfromalldirections.Carsstoppedandthepassengersjoinedthecrowdinfrontofthebank.Peopleaskedeachother,“Whathappened?”Buteveryonehadadifferentanswer.

Arthur,stillcarryingthesuitcase,turnedtolookatthebankandwalkedrightintotheyoungwomaninfrontofhim.

Shelookedatthesuitcaseandthenathim.Arthurwassurprised.“Whyisshelookingatmelikethat?”Hethought.“Thesuitcase!ShethinksI’mthebankthief!”

Arthurlookedaroundatthecrowdofpeople.Hebecamefrightened,andwithoutanotherthought,hestartedtorun.

注意：

1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.應(yīng)使用5個(gè)以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；

3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；

4.續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。

Paragraph1:

Ashewasrunning,Arthurheardtheyoungmanshoutingbehind,“Stop,stop!”

Paragraph2:

ThetaxistoppedinfrontofthePoliceStationandArthur...（材料來源：教育部考試中心.2015.普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語科考試說明[M].北京：高等教育出版社）分析原文的風(fēng)格必須從反復(fù)研讀原文、并進(jìn)而弄懂原文的語言表層含義和深層意蘊(yùn)，進(jìn)一步領(lǐng)會其文化、藝術(shù)意境，感受其風(fēng)格特征。因此，在續(xù)寫結(jié)尾的過程中，除了要把握記敘文這一語言表述風(fēng)格之外，我們還要把握原文作者對語體的選擇。在很大程度上，除了保證續(xù)寫的語言的規(guī)范性外，我們還需要在續(xù)寫中保留原文的語體風(fēng)格。例如，我們可以從原文中的作者的語言表達(dá)的選擇，推測出原文的風(fēng)格與基調(diào)：表1：語言表述的風(fēng)格分析舉例語言符號手段原文所用材料列舉功能對續(xù)寫的影響語音例如，作者對一些形容詞的選用：（1）funny,big,young,loud；（2）worried,afraid,surprised,frightened(1)組發(fā)音比較短，給人以歡快的感覺，（2）組發(fā)音低沉，暗示了這個(gè)故事中人物的心理是比較沉悶的在結(jié)尾的續(xù)寫中，需要交代最終故事中的人物的心理變化詞匯例如，Arthur與那位年輕人的對話中的用語：you’vegotaproblem/I’minabighurry/getthesesuitcasesintoacar/Notroubleatall/I’dbegladtohelp這些純口語化的表述，正好與原文第一句中的“afunnything”相統(tǒng)一，因?yàn)檫@些話語的選用讓外人看來，故事的開始及其發(fā)展都是日常生活中非常常見的現(xiàn)象越是平常的開場形式，則越是需要一個(gè)不平常的結(jié)尾，這樣才能凸顯“funny”的意味語法例如，表達(dá)Arthur內(nèi)心變化的兩個(gè)感嘆句：Thesuitcase!ShethinksI’mthebankthief!原文用直接引語的形式突顯了語篇的主人公的恍然大悟之意。結(jié)尾部分必然要交代Arthur在“醒悟”之后該如何脫身實(shí)踐強(qiáng)化實(shí)踐強(qiáng)化3基礎(chǔ)演練基礎(chǔ)演練A（2022·福建龍巖·三模）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。“Arewereallyplanningonstayinghere?”Sophieaskedme.“Ifeellikewehavenochoice!”Irespondedtoher.TheplaceinquestionwastheStarfishHolidayIn,amotel(汽車旅館)ofdoubtfulcharacteronthebeachinJacksonville,Florida.Weendedupherebecauseofourownirresponsibility.Itwasourfreshmanyearofcollege,andbeingeagertoescapethecoldandupsettingweatherforspringbreak,wedecidedtotraveltothesunnysouth,forwehadfrequentlybeentoldinTVprogramsandmoviesaboutthefascinatingsceneryofitsbeaches.Florida’snaturalbeautyandlivelycitiesmakeitthetopdestinationintheworld.Withmorethan1,200milesofsandbeachesand160stateparks,touristscanfindacornertoenjoyalltothemselves.However,itwasalastminutedecision;wedidnotmakereservationsanywhereaheadoftime.WhenwearrivedinFlorida,wetriedtobookaroominagoodbutaffordablehotel.Aftergoingtosixhotelsandfindingnoroomleftatall,westoppedataninformationcentre.Akindandhelpfulwomandeliveredthediscouragingnewsthat,ifwedidn’thavereservationsanywhere,itwouldbeverydifficultforustofindasafeplacetostay.Sherecommendedthatwecheckacoupleofplaces,buttheyallseemedtooexpensiveforus.ThenshesaidthattheStarfishInnprovidedroomsthatwerereasonablypriced,butthatshewouldnotwantherdaughterstostaythere!Sothatishowwegotintoourdifficultsituation.Afterpayingtheownerofthemotel,wedraggedourluggagetotheroom,whereweopenedthedoorwithgreatshock.Everythingintheroomwasinshadesofblueandgreen,withrealandpaintedstarfishonnearlyeverysurface;theplacelookedlikeithadn'tbeenredecoratedsince50yearsago!Itlookedlikeamess.Howcouldwespendthewholenightinsucharoom?注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Welookedateachotherandthendecidedtofurthercheckouttheplace.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Alltheseproblemschallengedus.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________源語篇風(fēng)格分析導(dǎo)引項(xiàng)目內(nèi)容語篇類型（抒情記敘文/記事記敘文/議論文？）語篇主題主要人物人物語言分析舉例分析人物典型語言1人物典型語言2作者用語分析舉例分析人物刻畫用語1人物刻畫用語2語言總體評價(jià)（諷刺/歌頌/訴說/批判/描述？）你的感受【答案】Welookedateachotherandthendecidedtofurthercheckouttheplace.Withgreatcare,wemadeourwayacrossthefloor.Inthelivingroom,Sofieclearedupthesofaandsatonitbutwassacredhalftodeathbythesharpnoiseitletout.Hopefully,IturnedontheTV;nopictureorsoundcameout.Inthediningsection,wefoundthesmalltablewassoshakythatitseemedthatitwouldfallapartatanymoment.Theroomwasshabbyandnotabitinviting.Alltheseproblemschallengedus.SophieandIfiguredthatwehadoneoptiontomakethebestofitandenjoyourselves!Werealizeditwasabouttimetoescapethefalseunderseaatmosphereoftheroom.Tomakeacomfortableroomoutofit,wesetouttocleantheroom,putawayallthedecorationsthatgaveusunpleasantfeelingsanddrewthecurtainsopen.Soon,toourrelief,atidy,brightroomcameintooursight.Abigbroadsmilespreadoverourface.Astheoldsayinggoes:“Whenlifegivesyoulemons,makelemonade.”【寫作解析】本文以人物線索展開，講述了作者和Sophie決定去佛羅里達(dá)度假，沒有預(yù)定旅館。當(dāng)她們到達(dá)當(dāng)?shù)匾院蟀l(fā)現(xiàn)所有的旅館都已經(jīng)滿員，只剩下一家叫做“海星假日”的旅館。她們進(jìn)去以后發(fā)現(xiàn)這家旅館的房間破舊不堪，最后自己動手，重新整理旅館房間，將它變成了一個(gè)可以居住的舒適房間的故事。1.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我們互相看了看，然后決定進(jìn)一步看看這個(gè)地方?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫作者和Sophie檢查房屋的設(shè)備和布置，發(fā)現(xiàn)房間破舊不堪。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“所有這些問題都向我們提出了挑戰(zhàn)?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫作者和Sophie一起整理房間，將它變成了一個(gè)可以居住的舒適房間。2.續(xù)寫線索：檢查房間——房屋破舊——感受到挑戰(zhàn)——整理房間——將房間變得舒適——感悟3.詞匯激活行為類：（1）打開、開啟：turnon/switchon；（2）著手做：setouttodo/getdowntodoing；（3）認(rèn)為：think/figure情緒類：（1）害怕：scared/frightened；（2）令人討厭的：unpleasant/annoying【典型句式】[句型1].Inthediningsection,wefoundthesmalltablewassoshakythatitseemedthatitwouldfallapartatanymoment.（that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句和so…that…引導(dǎo)狀語從句）[句型2].Tomakeacomfortableroomoutofit,wesetouttocleantheroom,putawayallthedecorationsthatgaveusunpleasantfeelingsanddrewthecurtainsopen.（由關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句）綜合演練綜合演練B1．（2022·浙江紹興·二模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Inthebackofmyclosetisasmallboxthathasfollowedmetoeverynewaddress.It’sthefirstthingIfindaplaceforasthemovingtruckpullsaway.Theonlyremainingcontentsinitaredozensofnotesinmymother’stidywriting.Mymother,whoputherbusinessdegreetouserunningasmallcompanywithmyfather,whileraisingme,wasalwayspreparedandalwaysgavemeabundantlove.Bydayshemademarketingslogansanddistributionstrategies.Bynight:bubblebathsandbedtimestories.SheandIhadthesameFebruarybirthday.Eachyearmyparentsarrangedwonderfulparties.WhenIwas3,shelearnedshehadadvancedbreastcancerandimmediatelybegantopreparebyresearchingeveryavailabletreatment.Eachday,shewouldsitforhoursatourdiningtable,herstraightdarkhairtiedback,surroundedbypilesofpaper,studying,technicalparagraphs.WhenIwas7,thematerialsonthediningtablebegantochange.Wrapping(包裝)paperandribbonstooktheplaceofherhighlightedpages.Scissorsswishedthroughgiftwrap.Papercreased(折)underherfingers.Ribboncuttolengthwithonesnip.Knotscametogetherwithatinycreak.Swish,crease,snip,creak.Shehadbegunassembling(裝配)agiftboxforme.Inside,shepackedpresentsandlettersforthemilestonesofmylifeshewouldmiss—graduation,wedding,andeverybirthdayuntiltheageof30.Mymotherdied10daysbeforeoursharedbirthday.Thatmorning,whenIturned12andshewouldhaveturned49,Iwokeupearlyandopenedtheboxasmymotherhadshownme.Neatrowsofbrightlywrappedpresentsglowedlikethespringtulips(郁金香)thatwerejustcomingupinthefrontyard.Inthepackagemarked“12thBirthday”,Ifoundalittleringwithanamethyst(紫水晶)atitscenter.Awhitecardcurlingaroundthepresentread:“IalwayswantedabirthstoneringwhenIwasalittlegirl.Ihopeyoulikeit,too.Happybirthday,darlinggirl!Love,yourMommy.”注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語；3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；4.續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語。Paragraphone:Onthemorningofmyhighschoolgraduation,Iwalkedtothebox._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraphtwo:TodayIhit31,andIsatinmyroom,holdingthenearlyemptybox._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onthemorningofmyhighschoolgraduation,Iwalkedtothebox.Theboxsatquietlyatthefootofmybed,asifwaitingforme.Iopenedit,foundoutthepackagelabeled“graduation”andunwrappedit.AstrandofpearlsmadeasoundlikeamaracaasIdrewthemfromthebox.Hernoteread,“Thereseemedtobeatraditioninmyfamilythatwhengirlsgraduatedfromhighschool,theyreceivedastringofpearls.Youmustbeshinyattheceremony.”AsIread,Iwantedtofallthroughthewhite,lightlytexturedpageandintoherarms.Wearingthepearlsthatafternoon,Iacceptedmydiploma.TodayIhit31,andIsatinmyroom,holdingthenearlyemptybox.For20yearsIhavepulledmotheringfromthebox.WhenIwasachild,openingthenextpackagefeltlikeatreasurehunt.AsIgrewolder,itbegantofeellikesomethingfarmorefundamental,hermessagesmeetingmelikeguidepostsinadarkforest.Thereisnogiftsleftintheboxnow,buttheselettersareaconstantreminderthatIhavealreadybeengivenwhateverychild,whateveryhuman,needs.Ihavebeenfiercely,extravagantly,wildlyloved.Theloveispowerfulenoughtohelpmecarvemylifeinthenext20years,andmywholelife.2．（2022·江蘇江蘇·三模）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thedarksky,filledwithangry,swirlingclouds,reflectedGregRidley'smoodashesatonthestoop（門廊）ofhisbuilding.Hisfather'svoicecametohimagain,firstreadingtheheadmaster'sletter,thenlecturingendlesslyabouthispooreffortsinmaths.“IhadtoleaveschoolwhenIwasthirteen.That'sayearyoungerthanyouarenow.IfI'dhadhalfthechancesyouhave,I'...A．nidyouwanttoplaybasketball?Thatmustbesomekindofajoke.Nowyoujustgetintoyourroomandhitthosebooks.Itwasbeginningtocool.Soonlargedropsofrainsplashedontohisjeans.Downtheblocktherewasanabandonedhouse.Withoutmuchthought,Gregmadeadashacrossthestreetandenteredaroom.Suddenlyheheardaman'svoicebehindhim.“Whatareyoudoinghere?"“Whoareyou?"Greghardlyrecognizedhisownvoice.“I'mLemonBrown,"cametheanswer.Hewasanoldman.Itdidn'tseemthathewasdangerous.“Youaren'tlookingformytreasure,areyou?”heasked.“No.Itisrainingout."Greganswered,smiling.“Youhaveatreasure?""Everymanhasatreasure."LemonBrownsaid,“Youwanttoseemine?"“Ifyouwanttoshowittome,"Gregshrugged.Theoldmancarefullyuntiedthestrings,andrevealedsomeyellowednewspaperclippings（剪報(bào)）.Thenhestartedtellingthestoryofhislife.Hewasafamousbluessingerinthepast.Hiswifediedyoung,andhisonlysonwentabroadtowork.“IgavehimthesenewspaperclippingsthattoldhimwhoIwas,andwherehecamefrom.OnetimeIcamehome,therewasalettersayingthathegotkilledinanaccident.Itbrokemyheart.Theysentbacktheseclippings.Thatwasmytreasure,andwhenIgaveittohim,hetreateditjustlikethat,atreasure."LemonBrownputhisragsinplaceandlookedoutofthewindow.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。“Yougetonoutofhereandgetyourselfhome,"saidLemonBrown.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WhenGregwaswalkinginthestreet,thenighthadwarmedandtherainhadstopped.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】“Yougetonoutofhereandgetyourselfhome,”saidLemonBrown.Noddinghishead,Gregfollowedtheoldmansilently.Whentheyreachedthefrontdoor,theoldmanlookedoutfirst,sawthestreetwasclearandtoldGregtohurryhome.Gregopenedhisarmsandhuggedtheoldmantightly,“Takecareofthetreasureofyours.”“ThatI’lldo,”saidLemonBrown,thewrinklesabouthiseyessuggestedasmile.ThenGregwalkedintothedarkness,theoldmanwatchinghimfrombehind.WhenGregwaswalkinginthestreet,thenighthadwarmedandtherainhadstopped.Gregdidn’tevenwanttothinkhowlateitwas.HethoughtaheadwhathisfatherwouldsayandwonderedifheshouldtellhimaboutLemonBrown.Hethoughtaboutituntilhereachedhisstoopanddecidedagainstit.LemonBrownwouldbeallrightwithhismemoriesandhistreasure.GregpushedthebuttonoverthebellmarkedRidley,thoughtofthelectureheknewhisfatherwouldgivehim,andsmiled.3．（2022·福建莆田·三模）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。AndrewKirby,is16yearsold,HeisnowastudentofBoilingSpringsSeniorMiddleSchool.Sincethefirstdayhewenttoschool,AndrewKirbynormallyatealoneatschoolanditmadehismother,KayKirby,heartbreak.Shewasalwaysworriedabouthisbeingleftalonewheneating.ButonAug.20,thefirstdaywhenhewenttojuniorschool,assoonashegotinthecarafterschool,hesaidtohismom,“Mom,Ididn’tcatalone!Somestudentcouncilmembersaskedmeand3otherseatingalonetoconesitwiththem,andsaidwecouldeatwiththemagaintomorrowtoo!”KayKirbywassoexcitedthathereyeswerewet.Afterarrivinghome,shesharedaphotoofAndrewandgavethankstothestudentcouncilathishighschoolforaskinghimtojointheirlunchtable.KayKirbyisamomoffour,SheandherhusbandTylerKirbyadoptedAndrewwhentheywerefosteringhimasababy.Andrewwasbornwithadrugaddictionandhasakindofraredisease,whichisageneticconditionthatcausestumors(腫瘤)toforminthebrain,andnerves.Hehashadmajorbackandneckoperations.Andrewisashykid,andhehadoftensatbyhimselfatlunchsincehewenttoschool.He’smoreofaloner.Inhismother’seyes,heisagoodkid,buthe’sjustdifferent.Itdoesn’tmakehimstrangeorbad.He’sveryloyalandeverybodythatmeetshim,loveshim.Inpreviousschoolyears,KaywouldtextAndrewtoaskifhewashavinglunchwithany-oneatschool.Whenhesaid‘No’,themotherwouldhavetoturnherheadalotoftimeandtrynottocry.Andrewwouldsendcomfortingmessage:“Mom,itdoesn’tmatter.IamOK”.However,themotherwouldstillworryabouthim.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ButwhenAndrewgotintohismom’scarafterthefirstdayofhisjunioryear,hewasratherexcited.____________________________________________________________________________________________________