湖南省岳陽(yáng)縣高二英語(yǔ)M5U3Period5Grammarandusage示范教案2牛津版

湖南省岳陽(yáng)縣四中高二英語(yǔ)示范教案：M5U3Period5Grammarandusage(2))（牛津譯林版）TeachingImportantPointsVerb-edphrases:Thescientisthascopiedahumancell,assistedbyrecentadvancesinmedicalscience.Shockedbythearticle,thewomanwrotealettertothenewspaper.Treatedwithelectricity,thecelltissuewillsplitintoseveralparts.TeachingDifficultPointsLetSsknowhowtousetheverb-edknowledgetosolvethepracticalexercisesintheirdailystudy.TeachingMethodsPresentationalandpracticalapproach.TeachingAidsThemultimedia.ThreeDimensionalTeachingAimsKnowledgeandSkillsTheusagesofverb-edphrasesandthedifferencesbetweenandusedasadjectives.ProcessandStrategiesSsreadtheinstructionsfirst,thenTgivesmoreexamplesofverb-edformsusedinitsownorfollowedbyanobjectand/oraword,studentsarecenteredwiththehelpoftheteacher.FeelingsandValuesLearnthroughreading—bylearningsomeshortpassages,thestudentsmaylearntheusagesofthegrammaritemsandtopiciteminthisperiod.TeachingProcedureStep1RevisionT:Lastperiod,welearnedtheverb-edformwhichcanbeusedlikeanadjectiveoranadverbina’sdosomeexercisestoconsolidateitsusages.1.—What’sthelanguage________________inNewZealand?—English.spokenspeak答案:Bcar________________inGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.produceproduced答案:A3.—You’dbetterhaveyoursportsjacket________________.It’stoodirty.—will.wash答案:BIheardastory________________bymyfriend.tell答案:Apilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________________astheplanewasmakingalanding.beseating答案:Ctosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.exposedexposedbeingexposed答案:Cspeaking,when________________accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.takebetaken答案:Bfirsttextbooks________________forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.beenwrittenbewrittenwritten答案:Dthisthewatchyouwish________________?haverepairedrepairithaveitrepairedberepaired答案:Amanytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.beentoldhehadbeentoldwastoldtold答案:CStep2PresentationT:Todaywe’regoingtolearnthedifferencesbetweenverb-edformsandtheverb-ingforms:Boysandgirls,pleasegooverPoints1-3inPart1onPage50,youmayknowthatthepassiveverb-edphrasescanexpressthetime,thereasonandthecanuseclausestorewritethe’llprovideyouwiththefollowingsentencesandrewritethesentences.1)Seenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.=Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.2)Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.=Iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.3)Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.4)Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,beingexhausted.(誤)Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,exhausted.（正）Hergrandfatherbeingill,shehadtostayathomelookingafterhim.(Hergrandfatherbeingill.是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。Hergrandfather是現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，而主句的主語(yǔ)是she。)T:Nowlookatthescreen,let’sconcludesomethingaboutthegrammaritem.1.分詞作狀語(yǔ):過(guò)去分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)和句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致的情況下，如果分詞和句子的主語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞，否則用現(xiàn)在分詞。分詞短語(yǔ)也可以有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱(chēng)為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。分詞作狀語(yǔ)可以相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句?，F(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，習(xí)慣上不作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。2.分詞作表語(yǔ):一般來(lái)說(shuō)，表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞如excite,interest等都是及物動(dòng)詞，漢語(yǔ)意思不是“激動(dòng)”“高興”，而是“使激動(dòng)”“使高興”，因而現(xiàn)在分詞應(yīng)該是“令人激動(dòng)的”“令人高興的”，過(guò)去分詞則是“感到激動(dòng)的”和“感到高興的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。換句話說(shuō)，-ed形式常和人有關(guān)，-ing形式常和物有關(guān)。look,expression等詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用-ed形式作表語(yǔ)，但有時(shí)要看具體情況。請(qǐng)?jiān)谙旅娴膸捉M句中體會(huì)他們的區(qū)別。Thenewswasveryexciting.Iwasexcitedatit.Thebookisinteresting.Heisinterestedinit.Thequestionispuzzling.Hislookispuzzled.Hisexpressionwasfrightening.Iwasfrightened.這類(lèi)詞有很多，如:delighting令人高興的delighted感到高興的disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到愉快的satisfying令人滿(mǎn)意的satisfied感到滿(mǎn)意的surprising令人驚異的surprised感到驚異的worrying令人擔(dān)心的worried感到擔(dān)心的Andweshouldpayattentiontothefollowingstablestructure.becoveredwithbelostinthoughtbecaughtintherainbeseparatedfrombe/becomeinterestedinbeseatedbefixedonbedressedinwhitebeabsorbedinthebookbeburiedinwork3.作定語(yǔ):過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)與其修飾詞之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系或過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作已完成；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，與修飾詞是主謂關(guān)系。Theschooltobebuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.即將要建的學(xué)校是為殘疾兒童而設(shè)的。Theschoolbeingbuiltisintendedforthedisabledchildren.正在建設(shè)的學(xué)校是為殘疾兒童而設(shè)的。Theschoolbuiltlastyearisintendedforthedisabledchildren.去年建的學(xué)校是為殘疾兒童而設(shè)的。便于記憶-ed形式和-ing形式作表語(yǔ)及作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別的句子:Iaminterestedintheinterestingbook.Hewasexcitedattheexcitingnews.Theparentsweredisappointedabouttheirdisappointingson.,tiredoftheboringspeech,startedtoreadanovel.4.作補(bǔ)語(yǔ):跟分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:catch,have,get,keep,hear,find,feel,leave,make,want,start,notice,observe,watch,set等。在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中，用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，形成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimselfheard.Whenheawoke,hefoundhimselfbeinglookedafterbyanoldwoman.JustnowIcaughthimstealingthingsfromthesupermarket.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparentsworried.Step3PracticeT:Iwantyoutoreadthefollowingsentencesandlearnspecialsentencestructures.(1)Strictlyspeaking,smokingisnotallowedhere.(2)Judgingfromwhathesaid,heisasoutherner.(3)Takenasawhole,thereisnothingimportantinhisspeech.(4)Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tliketheEnglishteacher.(5)Tospeakfrankly,Idon’tagreewithyouaboutthecase.并非所有分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)都要和句子的主語(yǔ)一致。此時(shí)的分詞短語(yǔ)又可稱(chēng)為垂懸狀語(yǔ)。有些動(dòng)詞不定式也可以這樣運(yùn)用。Step4ConsolidationT:PleasetranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(1)這扇朝南的窗戶(hù)是破的。(2)我們的班主任是一位受人愛(ài)戴的女性。(3)我今天收到的那封信是我哥哥寄來(lái)的。(4)輸?shù)裟菆?chǎng)比賽后，她看上去很失望。(5)從山頂看這座城市時(shí)，它看起來(lái)很壯麗。(6)那位教授在學(xué)生們的簇?fù)硐?，興高采烈地坐在那兒。Suggestedanswers:(1)Thewindowfacingthesouthisbroken.(2)Ourheadteacherisawomanlovedbyall.(3)Theletterthatreachedmetodayisfrommybrother.(4)Shelookeddisappointedaftershelostthegame.(5)Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookssignificant.(6)Surroundedbyhisstudents,theprofessorsattherecheerfully.Step5HomeworkAskstudentstofinishmoreexercisesonverb-edphrases.TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboardUnit3ScienceversusnatrueThefifthperiodSeenfromthespace,theearthlooksblue.=Whenitisseenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.Keptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.=Iftheyarekeptinrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,beingexhausted.(誤)Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,exhausted.（正）Hergrandfatherbeingill,shehadtostayathomelookingafterhim.RecordsafterTeaching________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ActivitiesandResearchStudentshavelearntthataverb-edorverb-ingformcanhaveanunderstoodsubjectandtheunderstoodsubjectisusuallythesameasthesubjectofthemainTmayintroducemoreexamplestoSs:Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthesouth./Takenasawhole,thereisnothinginterestinginthetheabovesentences,theverb-edortheverb-ingformdonotagreewiththesubjectsofthemainclauses,Ssmayfindmoresituationslikethis:someinfinitivescanbeusedlikethis.Totellyouthetruth,Ididn’tlikethepink.Tospeakfrankly,Idon’tagreewithyouaboutthecase.ReferenceforTeachingBackgroundInformation不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞作表語(yǔ)的對(duì)比:1.不定式作表語(yǔ)常表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Histeachingaimofthisclassistotrainthestudents’speakingability.他這節(jié)課的教學(xué)目的是要訓(xùn)練學(xué)生說(shuō)的能力。2.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)是對(duì)主語(yǔ)內(nèi)容的解釋?zhuān)@時(shí)主語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)位置可以互換，動(dòng)名詞常用于口語(yǔ)中。Itsfull-timejobislayingeggs.它的（指蟻后）的專(zhuān)職工作是產(chǎn)卵。3.現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)與特征；進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Thetaskofthisclassispractisingtheidioms.（現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)）Withthehelpoftheteacher,thestudentsarepractisingtheidioms.（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）4.常用作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞有interesting,amusing,disappointing,missing,puzzling,exciting,inspiring,following等?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示進(jìn)行與主動(dòng)。Thejokeisamusing.這笑話很逗人。Theproblemispuzzling.這個(gè)問(wèn)題令人不解。5.過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)所處的被動(dòng)狀態(tài)或完成某動(dòng)作的狀態(tài)。而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)所承受的動(dòng)作。Thevillageissurroundedbyhighmountains.（過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)）TheenemywassurroundedbytheRedArmy.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Heiswelleducated.（過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)）Hehasbeeneducatedinthiscollegeforthreeyears.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）常用在句中作表語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞有:used,closed,covered,interested,followed,satisfied,surrounded,done,lost,decided,prepared,saved,shut,won,completed,crowded,dressed,wasted,broken,married,unexpected等。6.注意如下動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞用法不同:interest（使……感興趣），surprise（使……吃驚），frighten（使……害怕），excite（使……興奮），tire（使……疲勞），please（使……滿(mǎn)意），puzzle（使……迷惑不解），satisfy（使……滿(mǎn)意），amuse（使……娛樂(lè)），disappoint（使……失望），inspire（使……歡欣鼓舞），worry（使……憂(yōu)慮）它們的現(xiàn)在分詞常修飾物（有時(shí)修飾人），表示主動(dòng)，過(guò)去分詞常修飾人，表示被動(dòng)（包括某人的look,voice等）。例如:Climbingistiring.爬山很累人。Theyareverytired.他們很疲勞Afterhearingtheexcitingnews,hegaveaspeechinanexcitedvoice.Languagepointsgiveup意為“停止/放棄”，其賓語(yǔ)可以是名詞、代詞或v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在giveup之后；當(dāng)名詞或v-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在giveup之后；當(dāng)代詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)一般放在give與up之間。Don’tgiveupyourresearchonphysics.不要放棄你的物理研究。Iwouldlikeyoutogiveupsmokinganddrinking.我想讓你把煙酒戒了。Shehasgivenupplayingthepianosinceherhusbanddied.自從她丈夫死后，她就已經(jīng)不再?gòu)椾撉倭恕iveup也可以表示“讓出”。Hegiveuphisseattoanoldman.他讓座給一位老人。比較:giveaway意為“贈(zèng)送/分發(fā)/喪失/泄露”giveoff意為“發(fā)出（煙/光/熱等）時(shí)=giveout”;giveout還有“耗盡/筋疲力盡”的意思；givein“屈服/讓步”。指放棄爭(zhēng)辯、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等，比喻用法，指向困難、挫折低頭。為不及物動(dòng)詞詞組。Theheadmastergaveawaymedalstothewinnersatthesportsmeet.校長(zhǎng)為運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)各獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的獲得者頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆urschool’sfootballteamhasgivenawayagoodchanceofwinningthematch.我們校足球隊(duì)失去了打贏這場(chǎng)比賽的好機(jī)會(huì)。Theheavily-pollutedrivergivesoffabadsmell.這條污染嚴(yán)重的河流散發(fā)出一股難聞的氣味。Aftertwodaysourfoodgaveout,andwehadtoreturn.兩天后，食物吃光了，我們只好返回。Hedugandduguntilhisarmsgaveout.他挖了又挖，直到雙臂酸軟無(wú)力。Bothsidesarguedwithreason,andneitherwouldgivein.雙方都說(shuō)有理，誰(shuí)也不服輸。Withjusticeonourside,wew