高考英語語法精講強調(diào)句句型考點講義

2024年高考英語語法精講：強調(diào)句句型+考點一、強調(diào)句型1.陳述句的強調(diào)句型：Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+that/who(當強調(diào)主語且主語指人)+其他部分。ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.2.一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?3.特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型：被強調(diào)部分(通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞)+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分?e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?4.強調(diào)句成分：例如針對ImetLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.句子進行強調(diào)。強調(diào)主語：ItwasIthat(who)metLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.強調(diào)賓語：ItwasLiMingthatImetattherailwaystationyesterday.強調(diào)地點狀語：ItwasattherailwaystationthatImetLiMingyesterday.強調(diào)時間狀語：ItwasyesterdaythatImetLiMingattherailwaystation.5.注意：構成強調(diào)句的it本身沒有詞義;強調(diào)句中的連接詞一般只用that，who，即使在強調(diào)時間狀語和地點狀語時也如此，that，who不可省略;強調(diào)句中的時態(tài)只用兩種，一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。原句謂語動詞是一般過去時、過去完成時和過去進行時，用Itwas……，其余的時態(tài)用Itis…….二、not…until…句型的強調(diào)句1.句型為：Itis/wasnotuntil+被強調(diào)部分+that+其他部分e.g.普通句：Hedidn'tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.強調(diào)句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.2.注意：此句型只用until，不用till.但如果不是強調(diào)句型，till，until可通用;因為句型中Itis/wasnot……已經(jīng)是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。三、謂語動詞的強調(diào)1.Itis/was……that……結構不能強調(diào)謂語，如果需要強調(diào)謂語時，用助動詞do/does或did.e.g.Dositdown.務必請坐。Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.上周他確實給你寫了信。Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.過馬路時，務必(千萬)要小心啊!注意：此種強調(diào)只用do/does和did，沒有別的形式;過去時用did，后面的謂語動詞用原形。四、還要注意下面幾點：1.在強調(diào)主語時，that后的謂語動詞要與被強調(diào)者保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。如：ItisIwhoamateacher.2.即使被強調(diào)的主語是復數(shù)，主句中的謂語動詞也用單數(shù)。如：Itistheywhooftenhelpmewithmylessons.3.在強調(diào)時間、地點、原因或方式狀語時，不能用when，where，why或how，而要用that。如：Itwasbecausehermotherwasillthatshedidn'tgowithus.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecentlythatIbegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.Itwasthehousethatthemurderhappened.4.在強調(diào)not…until結構中由until短語（或從句）表示的時間狀語時，要用固定的強調(diào)句型：Itis(was)notuntil...that...注意此時原句的not…until要變成notuntil，that從句中的謂語動詞要用肯定式。如：Myfatherdidn'tehomeuntil12o'clocklastnight.Itwasnotuntil12o'clocklastnightthatmyfathercamehome.Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.5.原句的謂語動詞如果是現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼母鞣N時態(tài)，用Itis…that(who)…；如果原句謂語動詞是過去各種時態(tài)，則用Itwas…that(who)…6.在強調(diào)一般疑問句中的某一成分時，主句要用一般疑問句的語序。that后面的原句其余部分在移走了被強調(diào)部分后詞序及詞形都不可以改動。如：DidthishappeninBeijing?WasitinBeijingthatthishappened?7.特殊疑問句中只有疑問詞可以強調(diào)，其強調(diào)結構是“疑問詞+is(was)itthat...?"如：Wherewereyouborn?Wherewasitthatyouwereborn?8.強調(diào)句型容易和句型Itis/was+名詞+that名詞從句混淆。如果把構成強調(diào)句型結構的詞Itis(was)…that(who)…去掉，被強調(diào)部分歸位后，應該能夠形成一個完整的句子（這也是判斷是否是強調(diào)句型的方法）。但后者的Itis/was…that是不可去掉的，否則that前的名詞就找不到位置，原句也不再成立，如下面這個句子如去掉Itis/was…that就不再完整：Itwastheruleoftheschoolthatthepupilsshouldweartheirschooluniforms.強調(diào)句型還容易跟Itis/was+形容詞+that名詞從句這一句型混淆。如：Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain....)that.....該句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的主語從句，常譯為”清楚(顯然,真的,肯定…)”是主語從句最常見的一種結構。Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.9.強調(diào)句可以用作賓語從句。如：Hetoldmethatitwasbecausehewaslateforclassthathewaspunished.Ireallycan’trememberwhereitwasthatIfirstmettheman.10.強調(diào)句型可有如下變體：Itis/was變成“情態(tài)動詞+be”。如：Itmaybemybikethatheisriding.Itmusthavebeenthemanagerthatspoketoyou.11.與疑問詞連用構成特殊疑問句和感嘆句。如：WhomwasitthatMr.Smithsawintheparkyesterday?Whyisitthatsilverisnotwidelyusedasaconductor?Whatabeautifulpictureitisthatyouhavedrawn!12.被強調(diào)的名詞或代詞可帶有一個定語從句。如：WasitBill,whoplaysfootballwell,thathelpedtheblindmancrosstheroad?Itwasintheschool,where（or：inwhich）Ioncestudied,thatweholdaparty.Wasitinthehouse,whichwevisitedlastyear,thatthemurderhappened?五、用助動詞do或其變化形式does，did來強調(diào)句中謂語動詞，用來加強陳述句和祈使句的語氣，譯作“的確”，“一定”，“確實”。如：Hedidsendyoualetterlastweek.We’repleasedthatshedoesintendtoe.Dowritetomewhenyougetthere．六、用倒裝句來加強語氣。如：Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvethisproblem．NeverwillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.Proudasthesenoblesare,theyareafraidtoseeme.Infrontofthefarmhousetheresatalittleboy.七、用形容詞,副詞或者否定詞very,never,ever,even,still,single，simply,just,only,too等來表示強調(diào)。如：Atthatverymonentheheardacryforhelp.Ican'tevenrememberthenameofthatoldfriendofmine.Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheofficethisafternoon．YouaretheonlypersonherewhocanspeakChinese．ThisisjustwhatIwanted．五、用what引導的名詞性從句或wh疑問詞+ever構成的復合詞引導的狀語從句來強調(diào)從句中的主語，賓語或狀語等。如：WhatMarydoeseverydayistogivepianolessons.Wheneveryouetome,youcanerightin.八、反復使用同一個詞來加強語氣，可反復使用詞的一般是動詞，副詞，形容詞和名詞。如：Heworked(and)workeduntillateatnight.Theywalkedformilesandmiles．I'llnever,neverforgetyou.七、用“atall”，“ineveryway”，“innoway”，“byallmeans”，“bynomeans”，“onlytoo”，“alltoo”，“buttoo”，“inheaven”，“intheworld”，“inhell”，“onearth”，“underthesun”等來加強疑問或否定語氣。如：Whereintheworlddidyougojustnow?Whatonearthareyoudoing?She'snotintheleastangry