光明月考卷10考試卷

I（100分SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Ina B.Inashoe-repairC.Inadepartment D.AtaA. B. C.$ D.A.Take B.FindaC.Learn D.GetreadyforthenextA.ToleaveheramessagewithherB.TosolveaprobleminhisC.TotalkwithherD.ToaskabouthisA.Helikes B.HisphysicsisthebestintheC.Heisworkinghardat D.HisphysicsisverypoorintheA.A B.A C.Anews D.AgameA. B. C. D.A.Coinsand B.WeightsandC.Shapesand D.VolumesandA.It’stoocrowdedandhecan’tbreatheveryB.ThenextstopistheterminalC.ThenextstopistheirD.AlotofpeoplegetoffatthenextA.TheParkingplacesareveryfarB.HehadnoproblemfindingtheC.ThereisenoughparkingD.Heisn’tverygoodatparkingtheSectionDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingA.Thedrivertookthewrong B.HemissedhisC.Hefailedtogettothe D.HistaxigotstuckinatrafficA.OneofthewingscaughtB.TheplaneencounteredastrongC.TherewassomethingwrongwiththeD.ThehijackerforcedthecaptaintodoA.HehadforgottentolockhisfrontB.HehadlosthiskeystothefrontC.HehadlefthisluggageintheD.HehadpickedupthewrongQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingA.WomennowwanttobecarrepairwomeninsteadofB.WomentendtodojobsthataretraditionallyintendedforC.MoregirlsarechoosingfixedjobsinD.Britishwomenchoosenon-traditionaljobsmorethanwomeninotherA.BecausewomenseemanyjobopportunitiesonB.BecausewomenfeelcarrepairingiscoolonC.BecausewomenareinfluencedbytheirstarsonD.BecausewomenaretoldaboutjobchoicesbycareerofficersonA.Britainneedsmorewomentodonon-traditionalB.Themediashouldcallforwomentodonon-traditionalC.BritishwomenhavetakenuptoomanytraditionaljobsforD.Thechangeinmen’sattitudesisnotimportantforwomenjobQuestions17through20arebasedonthefollowingA.Forten B.Fornine C.Foreightyears.D.ForoneA.SheismoreconcentratedonherB.SheisnotsureabouttheC.She’sholdinghatredagainstD.She’snotcomfortablewithchildrenA.Keepingpersuading B.GiveupandC.Fightharderwith D.GiveClairesomeA.TheyhavejustbeentoHawaiiforaB.TheycannotreachanagreementonhavingaC.TheyareplanningtogetaD.TheyaretryingtoovercomecareerSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Anearthquakeisoneofthemostterrifyingphenomenathatnaturecandishup.Wegenerallythinkofthegroundwestand(21) as“rock-solid”andcompletelystable.Anearthquakecanshatter(粉碎)thatperceptioninstantly,andoftenwithextremeviolence.Upuntilrelativelyrecently,scientistsonlyhadunprovenguessesastowhatactuallycausedearthquakes.Eventodaythereisstillacertainamountofmysterysurroundingthem,butscientistshaveamuchclearerunderstanding.Therehasbeenenormousprogressinthepastcentury.Scientists(22) (identify)theforcesthatcauseearthquakes,anddevelopedtechnologythatcantellusanearthquake’smagnitudeandorigin.Thenexthurdleistofindawayofpredictingearthquakes,sotheydon’tcatchpeoplebysurprise.Inthisarticle,we’llfindoutwhatcausesearthquakes,andwe’llalsofindout(23) theycanhavesuchadevastatingeffectonus.Anearthquakeisavibration(震動)thattravelsthroughtheearth’scrust.Technically,alargetruckthatrumblesdownthestreetiscausingamini-earthquake,ifyoufeelyourhouseshakingasitgoesby;butwetendtothinkofearthquakesaseventsthataffectafairlylargearea,suchasanentirecity.Allkindsofthingscancauseearthquakes:volcaniceruptions,meteor(流星)impacts,undergroundexplosions(anundergroundnucleartest,forexample),(24) (collapse)structures(suchasacollapsingmine).Butthemajorityofnaturally-occurringearthquakesarecausedbymovementsoftheearth’splates.Earthquakeshavecausedagreatdealofpropertydamageovertheyears,andtheyhaveclaimedmanylives.Inthelasthundredyearsalone,therehavebeenmorethan1.5millionearthquake-relatedfatalities.Usually,it’snottheshakinggrounditselfthatclaimslives;it’sthe(25) (associate)destructionofman-madestructuresandothernaturaldisastersitcauses,suchastsunamis,avalanches(雪崩)andlandslides.Thebiggestscientificbreakthroughinthehistoryofseismology—thestudyofearthquakes—cameinmiddleofthe20thcentury,withthedevelopmentofthetheoryofplatetectonics(筑造學(xué)).Scientistsproposedtheideaofplatetectonics(26) (explain)anumberofpeculiarphenomenaonearth,suchastheapparentmovementofcontinentsovertime,theclusteringofvolcanicactivityincertainareasandthepresenceofhugeridgesatthebottomoftheocean.Thebasictheoryisthatthesurfacelayeroftheearth—thelithosphere—(27) (compose)ofmanyplatesthatslideoverthelubricating(潤滑的)asthenospherelayer.Attheboundariesbetweenthesehugeplatesofsoilandrock,threedifferentthingscanhappen.Platescanmoveapart.Iftwoplatesaremovingapartfromeachother,hot,moltenrockflowsupfromthelayersofmantlebelowthelithosphere.Thismagma(巖漿)comesoutonthesurface(mostlyatthebottomoftheocean),(28) itiscalledlava(熔巖).(29) thelavacools,ithardenstoformnewlithospherematerial,fillinginthegap.Thisiscalledadivergentplateboundary.Platescanpushtogether.Ifthetwoplatesaremovingtowardeachother,oneplatetypicallypushesundertheotherone.Thisplatebelowsinksintothelowermantlelayers,whereitmelts.Atsomeboundarieswheretwoplatesmeet,(30) plateisinapositiontopushundertheother,sotheybothpushagainsteachothertoformmountains.Thelineswhereplatespushtowardeachotherarecalledconvergentplateboundaries.SectionBA.B.C.D.E.G.H.I.J.K.Directions:CompleteA.B.C.D.E.G.H.I.J.K.TheBeadlessangthatmoneycan'tbuyyoulove.Butwhatabouthappiness?Research(31) thatthemoremoneypeoplehave,themorelikelytheyaretoreportbeingsatisfiedwiththeirlives.Andthatmakessense:moneybuysyouthingsthatmakelifeeasierandmoresatisfying;theeasieryourlife,thehappieryoutendtobe.Thatrelationshipisn’tentirelylinear,sincethere'sa(n)(32) howmuchmoneycanpleaseyou;thehappinessbenefitofanincreasingincomeisespeciallypowerfulamongpeoplewhodon’thavemuchmoneytostartwith,and(33) aswealthincreases.Butstudiesalsorevealthatas(34) incomelevelshaverisenovertimeintheU.S.andEuropeannations.Forexampleresidentsofthosecountrieshavenotreportedbeinganyhappierthanpeoplewere30or40yearago.It'saparadoxthatwhileincomeandhappinessmaybe(35) withinapopulationatanygivenmoment,overalleconomicgrowthdoesnotappeartocorrespondedtoaboostinnationalsatisfactionoverTounderstandwhy,researchersattheUniversityofWarwickandCardiffUniversitydecidedtobreakdownhowindividualpeopleevaluatetheirincome.Whatdoeswealthmeantopeople?Previousworkhassuggestedthatpeopletendtovaluetheirownwealthmore-andarehappier-whenitcompares toeveryoneelse's.Theso-calledreference-incomehypothesisholdsthatitisnotsimplyhowmuchmoneyyoumakethat(37) tosatisfaction,buthowmuchmoremoneymakethan,say,thenationalaverage.Thehigheryoursalarythanthenorm,thehappieryoutendtobe.Butthereference-incomehypothesisisrather(38) .Theresearcherswonderedwhethertherewasamoreconcretewaytocapturehowpeoplevaluedtheirincome.They(39) thatpeopletendedtomakespecificcomparisonsofpersonalwealth,notonlywiththeaverageincomeofthelargerpopulation,butwiththeindividualincomesoftheirneighbors,colleaguesfromcollege.Andthehighertheirrank,thegreatertheirsenseofhappinessandself-worthwould(40) be."Forexample,peoplemightcareaboutwhethertheyarethesecondmosthighlypaidpersonortheeighthmosthighlypaidperson,intheircomparisonset.”writetheauthor,ChrisBoyce,apsychologistattheUniversityofReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitstheThebeauty,majestyandtimelessnessofaprimaryrainforestareincredible.Itisimpossible onfilm,todescribeinwords,ortoexplaintothosewhohaveneverhadtheawe-inspiringexperienceofstandingintheheartofaprimaryrainforest.Rainforestshave42. overmillionsofyearstoturnintotheincrediblecomplexenvironmenttheyaretoday.Rainforestsrepresentastoreoflivingand43. renewablenaturalresourcesthatforeons(億萬年),byvirtueoftheirrichnessinbothanimalandplantspecies,have44. awealthofresourcesforthesurvivalandwell-beingofmankind.Theseresourceshaveincludedbasicfoodsupplies,clothing,shelter,fuel,species,industrialrawmaterial,andmedicineforallthosewhohavelivedinthemajestyoftheforest.45.theinnerdynamicsofatropicalrainforestisanintricateandfragilesystem.Everythingisso46. upsettingonepartcanleadtounknowndamageorevendestructionofthewhole.Sadly,ithastakenonlyacenturyofhumaninterventiontodestroywhatnaturedesignedto47. Thescaleofhuman48. onecosystemseverywherehasincreasedinthelastfewdecades.Since1980theglobaleconomyhastripledinsizeandtheworldpopulationhasincreasedby30percent.Consumptionofeverythingontheplanethasrisen--atacosttoour49. .In2001,theWorldResourcesInstituteestimatedthatthedemandforrice,wheatandcornisexpectedtogrowby40%by2020,increasingirrigationwaterdemandsby50%ormore.Thefurtherreportedthatthedemandforwoodcoulddoublebytheyear2050,50. itisstillthetropicalforestsoftheworldthatsupplythebulkoftheworld’sdemandforwood.In1950,about15percentoftheEarth’slandsurfacewascoveredbyrainforest.Today,morethanhalfhasalreadygoneupin51. .infewerthanfiftyyears,morethanhalfoftheworldstropicalrainforestshavefallen52. tofireandthechainsaw,andtherateofdestructionisstillaccelerating.Unbelievably,morethat200,000acresofrainforestareburnedeveryday.Thatismorethat150acreslosteveryminuteofeveryday,and78millionacreslosteveryyear!Morethan20percentoftheAmazonrainforestisalreadygone,andmuchmoreisvanishingatarateof20,000squaremilesayear.Ifnothingisdonetocurbthis53. ,theentireAmazoncouldwellbegonewithinfiftyyears.Massive54. bringswithitmayuglyconsequences--airandwaterpollution,soilerosion,malariaepidemics,thereleaseofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphereandthe55. ofbiodiversitythroughextinctionofplantsandanimals.Fewerrainforestsmeanlessrain,lessoxygenforustobreathe,andanincreasedthreatfromglobalwarming.41.A.B.C.D.42.A.B.C.D.43.A.B.C.D.44.A.B.C.D.45.A.B.C.D.46.A.B.C.D.47.A.B.C.D.48.A.B.C.D.49.A.B.C.D.50.A.B.C.D.51.A.B.C.D.52.A.B.C.D.53.A.B.C.D.54.A.B.C.D.55.A.SectionB.C.D.Direction：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Filmhaspropertiesthatsetitapartfrompainting,sculpture,novels,andplays.Itisalso,initsmostpopularandpowerfulform,astorytellingmediumthatsharesmanyelementswiththeshortstoryandthenovel.Andsincefilmpresentsitsstoriesindramaticform,ithasevenmoreincommonwiththestageplay:Bothplaysandmoviesactoutordramatize,showratherthantell,whathappens.Unlikethenovel,shortstory,orplay,however,filmisnothandytostudy;itcannotbeeffectivelyfrozenontheprintedpage.Thenovelandshortstoryarerelativelyeasytostudybecausetheyarewrittentoberead.Thestageplayisslightlymoredifficulttostudybecauseitiswrittentobeperformed.Butplaysareprinted,andbecausetheyrelyheavilyonthespokenword,imaginativereaderscanbringtomindatleastapaleimitationoftheexperiencetheymighthavebeenwatchingaperformanceonstage.Thiscannotbesaidofthescreenplay(電影劇本),forafilmdependsgreatlyonvisualandothernon-visualelementsthatarenoteasilyexpressedinwriting.Thescreenplayrequierssomuch“fillingin”byourimaginationthatwecannotreallyobtaintheexperienceofafilmbyreadingascreenplay,andreadingascreenplayisworthwhileonlyifwehavealreadyseenthefilm.Thus,mostscreenplaysarepublishednottoreadbutrathertoberemembered.Still,filmshouldnotbeignoredbecausestudyingitrequiresextraeffort.Andthefactthatwedonotgenerallyread”filmsdoesnomeanweshouldignoretheprinciplesofliteraryofdramaticanalysiswhenweseeafilm.Literatureandfilmsdosharemanyelementsandcommunicatemanythingsinsimilarways.Perceptive（精辟的）filmanalysisrestsontheprinciplesusedinliteraryanalysis,andifweapplywhatwehavelearnedinthestudyofliteraturetoouranalysisoffilms,wewillbefaraheadofthosewhodonot.Therefore,beforeweturntotheuniqueelementsoffilm,weneedtolookintotheelementsthatfilmshareswithanygoodstory.Dividingfilmintoitsvariouselementsforanalysisisasomewhatartificialprocess,fortheelementsofanyartformneverexistinisolation.Itisimpossible,forexample,toisolateplot（情節(jié)）fromcharacter.Eventsinfluencepeople,andpeopleinfluenceevents;thetwoarealwayscloselyinterwoveninanyfictional,dramatic,orcinematicwork.Nevertheless,theanalyticalmethodusessuchafragmenting（碎片）techniqueforconvenience.Itdoessowiththeassumptionthatwecanstudytheseelementsinisolationwithoutlosingsightoftheirinterdependenceortheirrelationshiptothewhole.Inthewriter’sopinion,thereasonwhyitisnothandytostudyfilmlies screenplayisnotaswellwrittenasliteraryafilmcannotbeeffectivelyrepresentedbyaprintedafilmistoopublishersprefertopublishliteraryFromthe3rdparagraphwelearn themeansbywhichweanlyzealiteraryworkcannotbeappliedtoanalysisoftheagoodfilmandagoodstoryhavemanyelementsinweshouldnotpayextraefforttostudyusingtheprinciplesofliteraryanalysismakesnodifferenceinfilmTheunderlinedword“It”inthelastsentenceofthepassagerefers Theanalytical B.ThefragmentingC. D.WhatismainlydiscussedintheTheuniquecharmofTheimportanceoffilmHowtoidentifythetechniquesafilmTherelationshipbetweenfilmanalysisandliteraryStewartIslandFerryWhilemostvisitorsspendatleastonenightonStewartIsland,itisalsoreadilyaccessiblebyferryasadayexcursionfromInvercargillandBluff.ExperienceFoveauxStraitincomfortandstyleonboardourexpresscatamarans.Duringtheone-hourcrossingbetweenBluffandStewartIslandkeepalookoutforwildlife,especiallyseabirds.Watchingmollymawks(albatross)soaringbehindtheferryisafantasticsight.InterestinglandmarkscommonlyseenincludeDogIslandLighthouse,RuapukeIsland,TitiIslandsandMtAnglem-StewartIsland’shighestpoint.FreeteaandcoffeeonInterpretationhandoutsareavailable(EnglishWheelchairaccess Personalbaggageiscarriedfreeontheferries-max.twobagsperperson(onestowedandonesmallcarry-on).Additionalbaggageisbypriorarrangement.VehicleparkingavailableatBluff(extracost-reservationsFERRYTOSTEWARTISLANDepartBluffAllyear9:30amSep-May5:00pmJun–AugLateDec–midFERRYTODepartStewartIslandAllyear8:00amSep–May3:30pmOct–Mar6:00pmApr5:00pmJun-AugLateDec–midJanOtherdeparturesaslocallyadvertisedDuration1hrCheck-in30minutespriortothescheduleddeparturetime.(Check-inandboardinggatesareclosedminutespriortotimesstatedBuy2ormoredifferentexcursionsandSAVE20%offalllowerpriced!KidsGoFREEonselecteddeparturesduringNZSchoolHolidays!KidsGoFREEfortravel20April-5May2013.IfleavingacaratBluff,atravelerhad refertothehandouts B．usewheelchairC．makea D．parkit30minutesbeforedepartureJohn,whowenttoStewartIslandonDec.28th,gottotheferrydockat7:55am.WhendidhemostprobablyleaveBluff?At B．At D．AtWhichofthefollowingisfalseabouttheferryTeaandcoffeearefreeforChildrengofreefortravelforabout15Travelersaresuretoseesomeseabirdsduringthecrossing.D．Passengershavetopayextracostforextrapiecesofluggage.Likeeverydog,everydiseasenowseemstohaveitsday.WorldTuberculosis(infectionsdiseaseinwhichgrowthsappearonthelungs)DayisonSaturdayMarch24th.Tuberculosiswasonceterriblyfashionable.Dyingof"consumption"seemstohavebeenafavoriteactivityofgarret-dwelling19th-centuryartists,has,however,beenneglectedoflate.ResearchersinthefieldnevertireofpointingoutthatTBkillsalotofpeople.AccordingtofiguresreleasedearlierthisweekbytheWorldHealthOrganization,1.6millionpeoplediedofthediseasein2005,comparedwithabout3mforAIDSandlmformalaria.ButitreceivesonlyafractionoftheresearchbudgetdevotedtoAIDS.America’sNationalInstitutesofHealth,forexample,spends20timesasmuchonAIDSasonTB.Nevertheless,everyoneseemstogettinginontheTB-dayactthisyear.TheGlobalFundaninternationalorganizationresponsibleforfightingallthreediseasesbutbestknownforitsworkonAIDS,hasusedtheoccasiontotrumpetitstuberculosisprojects.Thefundclaimsthatitsanti-TBactivitiessinceitopenedforbusinessin2002havesavedthelivesofover1mpeople.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasissuedareportthatcontainssomegoodnews.AlthoughthenumberofTBcasesisstillrising,therateofillnessseemstohavestabilized;thecaseload,inotherwords,isgrowingonlybecausethepopulationitselfisgoingup.Evendrugcompaniesareinvolved.Intherun-uptothedayitself,EliLillyannounceda$50mboosttoitsMDRTBGlobalPartnership.MDRstandsformulti-drugresistance,anditisoneofthereasonswhyTBisbackinthelimelight.Carelesstreatmenthascauseddrug-resistantstrainstoevolveallovertheworld.Thecourseofdrugsneededtoclearthediseasecompletelytakessixmouths,antipersuadingpeoplelostaythatcourseoncetheirsymptomshavegoneishard.Unfortunately,thoseinfectedwithMDRhavetobetreatedwithlesseffective,morepoisonousandmorecostlydrugs.Naturally,theseprovokestillmore.non-complianceandthusstillmoreevolution.TheotherreasonTBisbackisitsrelationshiptoAIDS.The(globalFund’sjointresponsibilityforthediseasesisnocoincidence.AIDSdoesnotkilldirectly.Rather,HIV,thevirusthatcausesit,weakensthebody’simmunesystemandexposesthesufferertosecondaryinfections.Ofthese,TBisoneofthemostserious.Itkills200000AIDSpatientsayear.However,someanti-TBdrugsinterferewiththeeffectofsomeanti-HIVdrugs.Conversely,inabout20%ofcaseswhereapatienthasbothdiseases,anti-HIVdrugsmakethetuberculosisworse.Theupshotisthat125yearsafterhumanbeingsworkedoutwhatcausedTB,itisstillaseriousthreat.Thefirstsentence“Likeeverydog,everydiseasenowseemstohaveits everydogenjoysgoodluckorsuccesssoonerorhumanbeingscandealwithproblemscausedbydiseaseC.TuberculosisbecomesaseriousinfectiondiseaseD.peopleattachimportancetoTuberculosisrecentlyByreferringtoAIDSinParagraph2,theauthorintendsto theUSgovernmentisreluctanttospendmillionsofdollarsonthedeathrateofAIDSishigherthanthatoftheofficialsdidn’tpaymuchattentiontotheresearchofcomparedwithAIDS,TuberculosiscanbecuredWhichofthefollowingisbestdefinestheword“upshot”(Line6,Para WhichofthefollowingproverbsisclosestinmeaningtothemessagethepassagetriestoForgiveand B.Forgotten,butnotC.Whenthewoundishealed,thepainisforgottenD.EverydogisbraveathisownSectionThecriticalabilitiesarebeginningtodevelopinTheirviewonlifeusuallyfallsonThecriticalabilitiesarebeginningtodevelopinTheirviewonlifeusuallyfallsontwoOfallperiodsoflife,thisiswhatmaybestbecalledthe“plasticTheyarebasicallytimidorself-consciousDespitethat,itisalsointhisperiodsthatstrongtiesbetweenteachersandstudentsFundamentallytheywanttobekeptbusybuttheyrefusetoadmititAdolescentsrefertoboysandgirlsathigh-schoollevel--morespecificallythesecond,thirdandforthyearsofhighschools.Indealingwithstudentsatthislevel,wemustbearinmindthattosomedegreetheyareatthedifficultstage,generallycalledadolescence.Studentsatthislevelarelikelytobeconfusedmentally.Theyusuallyfindithardtoconcentrateonwhattheyintendtodoandoftenhaveromanticdreams.67 Theylackfranknessandareusuallyveryeasilyaffectedbytheirownemotionsbuthatetoadmitit.Theyaredriveneitherbygreaterambition,probablybeyondtheircapability,orbyextremelazinesscausedbythefearofnotsucceedingorachieving .Theyarewillingtowork,buttheyhatetoworkwithoutobtainingtheresulttheythinktheyshouldobtain.Regardingschoolissues,althoughtheyseldomsayso,theyreallywanttobeconsultedandgivenanopportunitytodirecttheirownaffairs,buttheyneedagoodamountofguidance.Theyseldomadmitthattheyneedthisguidanceandtheyfrequentlyrebelagainstit.Butifititsintelligentlyofferedtheyacceptitwithenthusiasm.Astopersonalbeliefs,mostofadolescentsaretryingtoformpoliticalidealsandtheyhaveatendencytobesometimesextremelyidealistic,andatothertimesconventional,blindlyacceptingwhattheirfathersandgrandfathersbelievedin.69 .Ontheonehandtheyaretoomodestandontheotherhandboastful.Theytendtobeinfluencedmorebyastrongcharacterthanbygreat .Havingabetterunderstandingofthecharacteristicsandneedsofyoungpeopleatthisageisataskthatfallsbothoneducatorsandotherpeopleinvolved.Itmayalsohelptheyounggothroughthisdifficultandcriticalstageoflifeinamoreconstructivemanner.SummaryDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summar