七年級(jí)英語(yǔ) 人教版下冊(cè)Unit 4 Dont eat in class.學(xué)案

/七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)人教版下冊(cè)下冊(cè)Unit4Don’teatinclass.一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.掌握句型：Don’tarrivelateforclass.Wecan’tlistentomusicinthehallways,butwecanlistentoitoutside.Wehavetobequietinthelibrary.2.能談?wù)撘恍┮?guī)那么。二、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：?jiǎn)卧~：arrive,fight,sorry,wear,bring,relax,read,remember,keep短語(yǔ)：ontime,listento,goout,practicetheguitar,dothedishes,toomany,bestrictwithsb.,followtherules,havefun句型：1.Getupnowandmakeyourbed!現(xiàn)在起床并整理好床鋪！2.Don’teatinclass.不要在課堂上吃東西。3.Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.并且我們必須穿校服。難點(diǎn)：祈使句一、單詞領(lǐng)讀arrivev.到達(dá)fightv.&n.打架；戰(zhàn)斗wearv.穿；戴bringv.帶來(lái)；取來(lái)relaxv.放松；休息readv.讀；閱讀keepv.保持；保存rememberv.記??；記起sorryadj.抱歉的；難過(guò)的；惋惜的二、重點(diǎn)單詞【單詞學(xué)習(xí)】☆☆1.arrivev.到達(dá)【用法】〔1〕是不及物動(dòng)詞,可直接接副詞home,here,there；〔2〕后接地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí),要接介詞in或at,大地點(diǎn)用in,小地點(diǎn)用at。【例句】MikearrivesinChinatoday.邁克今天到達(dá)中國(guó)。Theyoftenarriveatthestationat8:00.他們經(jīng)常八點(diǎn)到達(dá)車(chē)站。【拓展】get〔to〕get當(dāng)“到達(dá)〞講時(shí),作不及物動(dòng)詞,可直接接地點(diǎn)副詞home,here,there,但是后接地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí),需要與介詞to搭配?！纠洹縃esometimesgetshomeatfiveo’clock.他有時(shí)候五點(diǎn)到家。WhattimecanwegettoShanghai?我們幾點(diǎn)能到達(dá)上海？【考題鏈接】—Whendidyouruncle_____inShanghai?—Thedaybeforeyesterday.A.arriveB.getC.arriveatD.getto答案：A思路分析：arrive是不及物動(dòng)詞,后需接介詞in/at,再加地點(diǎn)名詞；get后接介詞to,再加地點(diǎn)名詞；根據(jù)空后的介詞in可知用arrive。2.fightv.&n.打架；戰(zhàn)斗【用法】〔1〕fightwith=haveafightwith與……打架；與……爭(zhēng)吵〔2〕fightfor為……而打架；為……而戰(zhàn)【例句】Look!Theyarefighting.看！他們?cè)诖蚣堋idyoufightwithyourbrotheragain?你又和弟弟打架了？Thechildrenarefightingforplayingsoccer.孩子們?yōu)樘咦闱蚨蚣?。【考題鏈接】Theboyusually_____withhiscousin.A.fightB.foughtC.fightsD.fighting答案：C思路分析：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)usually可知時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；瀏覽各選項(xiàng)可知用fight的第三人稱單數(shù)形式fights?！睢?.sorryadj.抱歉的；難過(guò)的；惋惜的【用法】〔1〕besorrytodosth.很抱歉做某事〔2〕besorryfor為……而抱歉或惋惜〔3〕besorrythat抱歉……【例句】I’msorrytobelateagain.很抱歉我又遲到了。I’msorryforbeinglateagain.我為又遲到而感到抱歉。I’msorrythatI’mlateagain.我很抱歉我又遲到了?！颈嫖觥縮orry,excuseme二者都有“抱歉〞之意,但意思有差異。〔1〕sorry用于事后對(duì)所犯錯(cuò)誤或不能滿足對(duì)方要求等表示歉意?！?〕excuseme常用于事前請(qǐng)人幫助或打攪到別人的情況。【例句】I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.很抱歉讓你等。Excuseme,canIgotothelibrary?打攪了,我能去圖書(shū)館嗎？【考題鏈接】—______.AreyouLucy?—No,I’mnot.I’mLily.—_______.A.Sorry;Sorry B.Excuseme;SorryC.Excuseme;Excuseme D.Sorry;Excuseme答案：B思路分析：請(qǐng)人幫助,打攪到別人時(shí)用Excuseme；當(dāng)說(shuō)錯(cuò)話、做錯(cuò)事后要說(shuō)Sorry。此題句意為“—打攪了。你是露西嗎？—不,我不是,我是莉莉?！獙?duì)不起。〞故B項(xiàng)適宜?！睢?.wearv.穿；戴【用法】強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的狀態(tài),后接表衣物、眼鏡等的名詞。【例句】HeoftenwearsaredT-shirt.他經(jīng)常穿一件紅色T恤衫?！颈嫖觥縲ear,dress二者都有“穿〞的意思,但其具體含義有別?！?〕wear強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的狀態(tài),即穿著；戴著。后接表衣物、眼鏡等的名詞?！?〕dress作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其后接人或oneself?！纠洹縏heyoungmanlikeswearingsunglasses.這個(gè)年輕人喜歡戴太陽(yáng)鏡。Dressyourselfwhenyougoout.你出去時(shí)穿上衣服。【考題鏈接】He_____anewsweatertoday.A.wearB.wearsC.dressesD.dress答案：B思路分析：句意為“今天他穿了一件新毛衣〞,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。he是第三人稱單數(shù),故用動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。☆☆5.bringv.帶來(lái)；取來(lái)【用法】常表示從別的地方帶人或物到說(shuō)話者所在的地方。【例句】Bringyoursontoschool.把你的兒子帶到學(xué)校來(lái)?！颈嫖觥縯ake,bring二者都是動(dòng)詞,都有“拿；帶〞的意思,都可以與介詞to連用,表示“把……帶〔拿〕到……〞,但表示的具體動(dòng)作不同。【考題鏈接】___thisyellowjacketthereand____methatblueone.A.Take;takeB.Take;bringC.Bring;takeD.Bring;bring答案：B思路分析：根據(jù)前半句中的there可知,指別處,故用take,排除C,D兩項(xiàng)；再根據(jù)this和that可知方向相反,故用bring。句意為“把這件黃夾克衫拿到那兒,把那件藍(lán)色的拿給我。〞☆☆6.relaxv.放松；休息【用法】其第三人稱單數(shù)形式是：relaxes?！纠洹縏hewomanalwaysrelaxes.這女人經(jīng)常放松。【拓展】relaxingadj.令人放松的,常修飾表示物的名詞。relaxedadj.放松的,主語(yǔ)通常是表示人的詞。【例句】Iwanttohavearelaxingholiday.我想過(guò)一個(gè)令人放松的假期。We’reveryrelaxedatourP.E.lesson.在體育課上,我們很放松?！究碱}鏈接】Larryusually______onweekends.A.relaxB.relaxesC.relaxedD.relaxing答案：B思路分析：瀏覽題干可知,空白處缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,C,D兩項(xiàng)都是形容詞；Larry是第三人稱單數(shù),故動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。relax的第三人稱單數(shù)形式為relaxes?！睢?.readv.讀；閱讀【用法】常指閱讀書(shū)籍〔books〕、報(bào)紙〔newspapers〕、雜志〔magazines〕等。【例句】TheyoftenreadEnglishinthemorning.他們經(jīng)常在早上讀英語(yǔ)?！就卣埂縭eadern.讀者；讀書(shū)的人【例句】Therearesomereadersinthelibrary.在圖書(shū)館里有一些讀書(shū)的人。【辨析】read,watch,see,look四者都有“看〞的意思,具體用法不同?！?〕read看；讀,其賓語(yǔ)通常是書(shū)、報(bào)紙、雜志等?！?〕watch觀看；注視,指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地進(jìn)行某一活動(dòng)。如看電視、比賽等?！?〕see看見(jiàn),強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果,常用于“看電影〞“看病〞等。〔4〕look看,強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作,是不及物動(dòng)詞,后接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),要加介詞at。【例句】Heisreadingnewspapers.他在看報(bào)紙。HelikeswatchingTV.他喜歡看電視。Ican’tseethewordsontheblackboard.我看不見(jiàn)黑板上的單詞。Look!Therearesomebirdsinthetree.看！樹(shù)上有一些鳥(niǎo)。Pleaselookatthepicture.請(qǐng)看這幅畫(huà)?！究碱}鏈接】Don’tlistentome.Please_____theblackboard.A.seeB.watchC.readD.lookat答案：D思路分析：根據(jù)空后的blackboard可知應(yīng)與lookat搭配,意為“看黑板〞。句意為“不要聽(tīng)我說(shuō)。請(qǐng)看黑板〞?！睢?.rememberv.記住；記起【用法】是及物動(dòng)詞,后面可直接接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)?！纠洹縄can’trememberyourname.我記不起你的名字了。【拓展】remembertodosth.記得去做某事,說(shuō)明事情還沒(méi)有做。rememberdoingsth.記得做過(guò)某事,說(shuō)明事情已經(jīng)做過(guò)?！纠洹縍emembertoposttheletterforme.記住給我寄這封信。Irememberwritingtoher.我記得給她寫(xiě)過(guò)信了?！究碱}鏈接】Iremember_____himtoclosethedoor,butnowthedoorisstillopen.A.tellingB.tellC.totellD.tells答案：A思路分析：remember后可以接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式,但不可以接動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式；根據(jù)句意“我記得告訴他關(guān)門(mén)了,但是現(xiàn)在門(mén)還是開(kāi)著的〞,可知表示“記得做過(guò)某事〞,用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式?！睢?.keepv.保持；保存【用法】〔1〕keepv.保持,常構(gòu)成keepsb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事〔2〕keepv.保存；保存〔3〕keepv.使……保持某種狀態(tài),是連系動(dòng)詞,后常接形容詞、副詞或介詞短語(yǔ),構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。keepingoodhealth=keephealthy保持健康【例句】I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.對(duì)不起,讓你久等了。Icankeepthebookfortwoweeks.我可以保存這本書(shū)兩周。Weshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.在圖書(shū)館里我們應(yīng)當(dāng)保持安靜?！究碱}鏈接】It’sverycoldtoday.Pleasekeepthedoor____.A.closeB.closedC.openD.little答案：B思路分析：根據(jù)前句“今天天氣很冷〞可判斷“請(qǐng)讓門(mén)關(guān)著〞。排除C,D兩項(xiàng)；keep意為“保持……狀態(tài)〞,用形容詞作賓補(bǔ),而A項(xiàng)close是動(dòng)詞“關(guān)〞,故排除?！炯磳W(xué)即練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空1.Don’t______〔fight〕withothers.2.He_____〔arrive〕homeatnight.3.Please______〔bring〕yourphotoshere.4.NowI’mvery______〔relax〕athome.5.Hefinishes______〔read〕thebook.6.Iremembered______〔call〕her,butshecalledmeagain.7.Theykeepus______〔stand〕forlong.8.Youmustlearn_______〔dress〕yourself.答案：1.fight2.arrives3.bring4.relaxed5.reading6.calling7.standing8.todress三、重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)【短語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)】☆☆1.ontime按時(shí)；準(zhǔn)時(shí)【用法】指正好在約定的時(shí)間做某事?！纠洹縋leasebeheretomorrowontime.明天請(qǐng)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)這兒?！就卣埂縤ntime及時(shí),指比約定的時(shí)間早?！纠洹緾anyoucomebackintime?你能及時(shí)回來(lái)嗎？【考題鏈接】Weshouldgettoschool____time.A.inB.onC.ofD.at答案：B思路分析：oftime和attime不存在,故排除；intime意為“及時(shí)〞；ontime意為“準(zhǔn)時(shí)〞。根據(jù)句意“我們應(yīng)當(dāng)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到校〞可知B項(xiàng)正確?！睢?.practicetheguitar練習(xí)吉他【用法】practicev.實(shí)踐；練習(xí),作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式?！纠洹縏heyarepracticingplayingfootballoverthere.他們正在那邊練習(xí)踢足球?！就卣埂縫racticen.練習(xí)；訓(xùn)練【例句】LearningEnglishwellneedsalotofpractice.學(xué)好英語(yǔ)需要大量的訓(xùn)練。【考題鏈接】Listen!Yourbrotherispracticing______Englishinhisroom.A.speakingB.tospeakC.speaksD.spoke答案：A思路分析：practice后接動(dòng)詞時(shí),要接v-ing形式。句意為“聽(tīng)！你哥哥正在他房間里練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)呢。〞☆☆3.toomany太多【用法】修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。【例句】Therearetoomanyflowersinthepark.公園里有太多的花。【拓展】〔1〕toomuch太多的,其后接不可數(shù)名詞?！?〕muchtoo太,用much來(lái)增強(qiáng)too的語(yǔ)氣,其后常接形容詞?！纠洹縏hereistoomuchwaterintheriver.河里有太多的水。Iammuchtoobusytoday.今天我真是太忙了?！究碱}鏈接】Yougavehim____money.A.toomanyB.toomuchC.manytooD.muchtoo答案：B思路分析：money是不可數(shù)名詞,故用much修飾；根據(jù)句意“你給他的錢(qián)太多了〞,toomuch意為“太多的〞；muchtoo意為“太〞。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)?！睢?.bestrictwithsb.〔對(duì)某人〕要求嚴(yán)格【用法】其中介詞with后接表示人的名詞或代詞?！纠洹縊urteachersarestrictwithusatschool.我們的老師在學(xué)校里嚴(yán)格要求我們?！就卣埂縝estrictinsth.對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格【例句】Mymotherisstrictinherwork.我媽媽對(duì)她的工作要求很?chē)?yán)格?！究碱}鏈接】Thebossisnotonlystrict_____theworkersbutalso_____theirwork.A.with;withB.with;inC.in;withD.in;in答案：B思路分析：theworkers“工人們〞指人,故對(duì)人要求嚴(yán)格時(shí)用介詞with；theirwork意為“他們的工作〞,對(duì)工作〔物〕要求嚴(yán)格時(shí)用介詞in。句意為“老板不僅對(duì)他的工人要求嚴(yán)格,而且對(duì)他們的工作要求也很?chē)?yán)格〞。5.followtherules遵守規(guī)那么【用法】這是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),在句中作謂語(yǔ)?！纠洹縒emustfollowtherulesatschool.在學(xué)校里,我們必須遵守規(guī)那么?！就卣埂俊?〕followv.遵循；跟隨followsb.todosth.跟隨某人做某事〔2〕followingadj.接著的；接下來(lái)的【例句】Pleasefollowmetogointothecave.請(qǐng)跟著我進(jìn)山洞。Canyouunderstandthefollowingstory?你能明白接下來(lái)的故事嗎？【考題鏈接】Readthispassageanddothe_____exercises.A.followB.followsC.followingD.followed答案：C思路分析：A,B,D三項(xiàng)分別是動(dòng)詞的原形、第三人稱單數(shù)形式及過(guò)去式。只有C項(xiàng)可作形容詞修飾名詞exercises?！?.havefun玩得快樂(lè)【用法】相當(dāng)于haveagoodtime,enjoyoneself,后接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式?！纠洹縒ehavefunlearningEnglish.我們學(xué)英語(yǔ)很開(kāi)心?！究碱}鏈接】Theyhavefun_____chess.A.playingthe B.playing C.playthe D.play答案：B思路分析：havefun后接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式；“下國(guó)際象棋〞用短語(yǔ)playchess?！炯磳W(xué)即練】英漢詞組互譯1.準(zhǔn)時(shí)；按時(shí)__________ 2.intime______________3.bestrictinsth._______ 4.遵守規(guī)那么__________5太多〔修飾可數(shù)名詞〕_________ 6.muchtoo_________7.toomuch__________ 8.玩得快樂(lè)________9.練習(xí)跑步________ 10.goout_____________11.對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格________ 12.跟隨某人做某事__________答案：1.ontime 2.及時(shí) 3.對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格 4.followtherules5.toomany 6.太 7.太多〔修飾不可數(shù)名詞〕8.havefun/haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself 9.practicerunning10.出去 11.bestrictwithsb. 12.followsb.todosth.四、重點(diǎn)句型【句型學(xué)習(xí)】1.Getupnowandmakeyourbed!現(xiàn)在起床并整理好床鋪！【句析】本句是一個(gè)肯定祈使句。and連接了兩個(gè)并列成分?！究键c(diǎn)1】〔1〕祈使句的含義：用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議、號(hào)召、警告等的句子。說(shuō)話的對(duì)象大多為第二人稱you,且常被省略。句末用感慨號(hào)或句號(hào),讀時(shí)用降調(diào)?！?〕祈使句的分類：祈使句分為肯定祈使句和否認(rèn)祈使句?！?〕肯定祈使句的構(gòu)成：①Do型,即以行為動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭。Pleasehaveaseat.請(qǐng)坐。Lookattheblackboard,please.請(qǐng)看黑板。②Be型,即以動(dòng)詞be開(kāi)頭。Beagoodchild!要做一個(gè)好孩子?、跮et型,即以let開(kāi)頭。Letmegothere.讓我去那兒吧。注意：please一詞既可放在句首,也可放在句末,表示客氣。放在句首時(shí),其后不加逗號(hào)；放在句末時(shí),其前通常加逗號(hào)?！究键c(diǎn)2】makeone’sbed整理床鋪【用法】相當(dāng)于makethebed?！纠洹縏heboycanmakehisbed.這男孩能整理床鋪?！究碱}鏈接】1._____totheblackboard,please!A.Come B.Coming C.Tocome D.Comes答案：A思路分析：根據(jù)題干可知本句是祈使句,故開(kāi)頭用動(dòng)詞原形。句意為“請(qǐng)到黑板這兒來(lái)！〞。2.Let’s_____afilm.A.see B.tosee C.lookat D.tolookat答案：A思路分析：瀏覽題干可知本句是以let開(kāi)頭的祈使句。letsb.dosth.是固定形式,故設(shè)空處用動(dòng)詞原形；表示“看電影〞用動(dòng)詞see,應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。3.吃早飯前整理好你的床鋪。__________________beforeyouhavebreakfast.答案：Makeyourbed2.Don’teatinclass.不要在課堂上吃東西。【句析】本句是一個(gè)否認(rèn)祈使句?！究键c(diǎn)】否認(rèn)祈使句的構(gòu)成：〔1〕Do型和Be型的否認(rèn)式,在動(dòng)詞前加Don’t或Never?！纠洹緿on’tcomehere!不要過(guò)來(lái)！Neverbelate.絕不遲到?！?〕Let型：Don’tlet+第三人稱賓格、第一人稱單數(shù)〔me〕+動(dòng)詞原形+其他或者：Let+第三人稱賓格、第一人稱單數(shù)〔me〕+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?！纠洹緿on’tletthemplaysoccer.=Letthemnotplaysoccer.不要讓他們踢足球?！纠洹俊?〕No+v.-ing形式/名詞,用于警示人們不要做某事?！纠洹縉osmoking!禁止吸煙！Nophotos!禁止拍照！【考題鏈接】______playbasketballinthestreet!A.No B.Not C.Don’t D.Doesn’t答案：C思路分析：瀏覽題干和各選項(xiàng)可知此題考查Do型的否認(rèn)祈使句。應(yīng)在動(dòng)詞前加don’t,應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。句意為“不要在街上打籃球！〞。3.Andwealwayshavetoweartheschooluniform.并且我們必須穿校服?！揪湮觥勘揪涫呛?jiǎn)單句?！究键c(diǎn)】haveto不得不；必須,后接動(dòng)詞原形。【例句】Theyhavetobehereearly.他們不得不早點(diǎn)到這兒?！就卣埂俊?〕haveto有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中,如果主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù),用hasto；在一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中用hadto。〔2〕haveto在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的否認(rèn)式及疑問(wèn)句要借助于助動(dòng)詞do/does/did來(lái)構(gòu)成?！纠洹縎hehastogowithTom.她不得不和湯姆一塊兒去。Hedoesn’thavetobehereontime.他不必按時(shí)到這里?！狣idshehavetostayathome?她必須待在家里嗎？—No,shedidn’t.不,她不必?！颈嫖觥縣aveto,must二者都有“必須〞的意思?！?〕haveto表示受客觀條件限制不得不去做某事?！?〕must強(qiáng)調(diào)從主觀上認(rèn)為有義務(wù)、有必要做某事?！纠洹縄t’stoolate.Ihavetogohome.天太晚了,我得回家了。Wemusts